FI58022C - MASKERINGSDUK ELLER PLATE WITH HAOLMOENSTRING - Google Patents

Description

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Patent and registration authorities' Amektn utii * d och uti. * Krtft «n pubitond 31 * 07. 80 (32) (33) (31) Requested «* υοΜι ·« * - b ^ sh p * iorit * t 05.05 * 75 Sweden-Sverige (SE) 75051ÖO-5 (71) Barracudaverken AB, Skärsnäsvägen U, S-1Ö2 63 Djursholm,

Sweden s i-Sveri ge (SE) (72) Gunnar Dalblom, Solna, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (7 ^ *) Oy Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Hole patterned camouflage cloth or sheet - Maskeringsduk eller -platta med hälmönstring is a camouflage cloth or sheet having a hole pattern that provides or promotes the intended camouflage effect and covers at least a large portion of the surface of the cloth or sheet.

Here, only the term "camouflage cloth" is used for the subject of the invention, although it can also be a plastic film with or without a support net, a protective cover, a flexible or completely rigid plate and the like.

It has been and still is, as is known, very common to make masquerade tiles or similar nets on which pieces of plastic or fabric have been placed, so-called main movements, and which therefore do not form a closed surface. It is also known to provide the cloth, usually with irregular holes, to increase the camouflage effect, but above all because one could see the camouflage cloth through without being seen for oneself. In addition to this, it is often desirable that the rain does not form a pond, small streams, ice crust, or shiny surfaces so that camouflage would appear from a closed roof. In addition, a cloth with numerous holes is less prone to flutter in wind and pressure waves due to projectile explosions or firings.

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All kinds of camouflage cloths, etc. have a certain distance at which camouflage is ineffective, because the eye then realizes the details of camouflage without merging with the environment. This short-sightedness must be small and depends on several factors, but it also happens that a camouflage is chosen which has a relatively large distance, but which has a much better camouflage effect at a considerably greater distance. Camouflage can also have another function, namely to make it difficult to aim when shooting camouflaged objects. This task is well known in high-impact camouflage of ships, which show a great deal of contradictions and are easily detectable, but which still make it very difficult or impossible to make a subjective assessment and, to some extent, an objective measure of ship's distance, speed, class and size. Moreover, such camouflage often makes it considerably psychologically and physiologically difficult to aim quickly and can also be annoying or confusing, which should not be underestimated in combat situations. What has been said about ships often also applies to countries, such as Vale paints.

Somewhat effective camouflage produces considerable difficulty on flat terrain such as meadows, deserts, steppes, snow fields, and frozen or open waters and bodies of water. It is then customary to use unpatterned or sparsely textured. camouflage with the same color as the environment, but the camouflage cloth rarely has exactly the same color and virtually always forms folds and surfaces that, depending on the lighting and environmental conditions, create shadows or different degrees of darkness, which to some extent contrast with the environment. This can be alleviated by using an apertured camouflage cloth, e.g. a camouflage net with main movements, whereby the background of the cloth is also visible to a certain extent through the openings of the cloth, which is often an advantage, as is known. However, such cloths have disadvantages in the "monotonous" environments just mentioned, are more expensive and the main movements can be relatively easily detached during transport and as the cloth drags on the ground if they are not attached in a way that adds even more cost.

If, on the other hand, the cloth is provided with a plurality of, preferably punched, holes having a division such that they form a camouflage pattern, said disadvantages can be avoided to a certain extent, making the cloth relatively light and almost as abrasive as the closed cloth, i. perforated cloth. This also has a certain significance in that one can cope without the support net of the actual cloth or settle for both a lighter and cheaper support network than when using the main stores. However, equipping the cloth with openings of different sizes and divisions poses purely practical difficulties if the cloth should not become too expensive and, moreover, should not have too short a report. By report, it is known to mean the distance at which a certain pattern is repeated on a cloth, because mechanical pattern printing, coating, punching, etc. are usually performed with tools of limited size (printing plates, etc.). However, this can be avoided with successive tools controlled by a perforated tape, a computer, etc., which makes the manufacturing expensive and complicated, e.g. if not only a report that is too short is to be avoided, but also parts of the pattern that are unsuitable for the intended camouflage effect.

The simplest way is to make a camouflage cloth with a camouflage pattern formed in whole or in part by holes, using a plate (rotating holes) with pins or a rotating cylinder, the perforated pattern of the entire part of the cloth being However, it must be possible to move the individual hole punches of the slab to different places so that the slab can be used for different patterns. This means that the slab must be equipped with replaceable plug fasteners at all points, i. the places where the pins must be able to be placed. The fasteners thus form a raster on the slab. Alternatively, the fasteners may form only one or a couple of three rows on a rail of some kind, in which case the pattern portion is perforated row by row and certain inserts are made programmed or inoperable by mechanical, pneumatic and / or electrical means known per se each time (or almost every time) the row of holes is stamped so that the hole division of the row changes during the stamping of the entire pattern part. In this case, the punches must be program-controlled, which means that the punched holes will be located at the intersections of the rectangular coordinate network forming the raster. In the case of perforation by means of said plate, it is also most advisable to arrange the fasteners of the stitches each at its own intersection of the grid. For the reasons already mentioned, the possibility of dividing the holes completely irregularly without a thought raster or the like is omitted here.

The holes should preferably be round, possibly elliptical or oval, and free of tears, such as sharp corners. Furthermore, the holes must not be either too large or too small, taking into account both the desired camouflage effect at the distance in question and the size and practical requirements of the object.

The invention is mainly characterized by what is set out in the characterizing part of the main claim.

In connection with the invention, it turned out that the rectangular raster, i.e. a raster based on a Cartesian coordinate system with square or at least rectangular raster grids resulted in a relatively large "field of view", i.e. the smallest distance from which root groups are barely perceived as artificial. Acid coordinate systems are less suitable for various reasons, e.g. for camouflage and manufacturing.

By contrast, by making the cloth according to the characterizing part of the main claim, it is possible to considerably shorten said field of view, and also to achieve somewhat greater choice in the placement of holes and slightly greater durability of the cloth compared to a cloth with holes arranged in a rectangular coordinate system.

Fig. 1 of the drawing shows a hole grid in a camouflage cloth according to the invention and Fig. 2 shows an example of a hole pattern part in a simplified form, since in reality the pattern grid of Fig. 2 must be quite finer and have a larger hole number than shown.

Figure 1 shows a raster made according to a two-dimensional coordinate system known per se, with three coordinate axes forming an angle of 60 ° with each other. This system is called "triangular."

The grid of Fig. 1 thus obtained consists of a plurality of equilateral triangles, but may also consist of equilateral equilateral hexagons in the same order as in the honeycomb. Equilateral triangles or hexagons do not have to be equal in size over the entire pattern field, i. in a field that is reported to be repeated on the cloth. Figure 1 at the top shows a triangular network with larger triangles than at the bottom in the same 5,58022 figure.

In the perforated plate, the fasteners of the perforated punches are arranged at the points which join the vertices of the triangles according to Fig. 1. This does not necessarily mean that fasteners must be present at all of these vertices, and the fasteners do not have to coincide exactly with the vertices. However, the deviations must not be so great that a considerable number of triangles become rectangular triangles or otherwise deviate considerably from the equilateral triangle. The same applies to rotary stamping with a hole-stamping cylinder, but also to program control in the aforementioned row-by-row (or column-by-column) stamping method.

The holes can be of different sizes, i.e. different diameters in the case of round holes. Fig. 2 shows an example of a hole pattern part with two different hole sizes using a single triangular raster, while Fig. 1 shows two such raster connected to each other in the whole pattern or pattern field. The arrows each show one region having small holes is the minimum jakonsa, namely in such a way that a hole is made kolmiorasterin each apex of the triangle, as shown in phantom beneath the left side of the tip of the arrow 1. Arrow 2 indicates an area with small holes sparsely divided in such a way that the holes join the vertices of the hexagons, which together form a triangular raster similar to a honeycomb. Arrows 3 each indicate an area where the larger holes are in a denser possible distribution in the same way as the small holes in the areas indicated by arrows 1. Arrow 4 indicates the area with the largest number of large holes in the fewest possible divisions.

Always according to the fineness of the raster (tip point interval) and the in the case of camouflage conditions, it is also possible to settle for a single hole size or to use more than two hole sizes, but preferably not more than three.

It is easily understood that the specific hole density, i. the ratio of the total area of the holes in a given area to the total area of that area can be selected within very wide limits. The lower limit is, of course, 0, i.e. no holes in the area, while the upper limit is mainly dependent on the requirements for the durability of the cloth and the structure of the cloth, e.g. whether it is provided with a support net or not. If, for example, an area 3 is considered, it can be seen that the adjacent vertical groups of holes (columns) are displaced vertically with respect to each other by half the center of the holes. In the corresponding rectangular (Cartesian) raster, a similar displacement could not lead to equilateral triangles, which means that at the same specific hole density the minimum distance between two adjacent holes is significantly smaller than in the triangular raster of Figures 1 and 2 and that the also quite larger than in the polar coordinate grid).

The camouflage cloth according to the invention can of course also be provided with a standard printed camouflage pattern and can also be made with a view to infrared camouflage and radar camouflage. As for radar camouflage according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,733,606 (or DT 2,151,349 or GB 1,314,624), it should be noted that a perforated cloth, but not necessarily a perforated cloth, must meet the conditions for radar camouflage stated therein, and that the reported reflectance value 10 % must be at least 25-40%. Depending on the composition, design, hole size and hole spacing of the cloth, the edges of the holes and / or the spacing of the holes may cause certain high-frequency effects, so the finished cloth according to the invention (suitably a prototype) made for radar camouflage according to the said patent must be examined in practice. experiments with its camouflage effect on radar, especially also on background reflections, for example when camouflaging vehicles, cannons, etc.

The invention can also be used as a camouflage cloth with a high-impact camouflage and / or camouflage pattern of the type described above, consisting of square or rectangular pattern sections which are relatively large in size and possibly of different degrees of darkness, i.e. these sections have different specific hole densities. Preferred results have been obtained using two hole diameters, 32 and 42 mm, in the same cloth for winter camouflage.

5 In some other cases, two diameter sizes, 25 and 40 or 45 mm, S have proved suitable. In the case of camouflage of very large objects, 1 larger hole sizes may come into question. In simple t.pauku, 7 58022 e.g. a camouflage cloth for individuals, a single hole size has proven to be sufficient.

The camouflage cloth is suitably made of a plastic film, optionally a fabric, such as a plastic fabric, whereby the film or fabric may be glued or welded to the support net. If the web is provided with a support net, this usually has no camouflage meaning, even if the yarns of the net pass over the holes or only some of the holes, not even when the net is of a different color than the web. So it is simple to attach the net because there is no need to consider the holes. In those cases where it is desired to achieve the highest possible strength with the weakest possible network, e.g. however, in order to increase the flexibility of the cloth, it is suitable to fasten the net and the film or cloth together in such a way that the yarns of the net pass everywhere between the holes, i.e., with some exceptions, not over the holes. This can be done by selecting a network if this is assumed to be a conventional network with rectangular loops, such a loop size, i. such a rectangular coordinate grid that it can conform to a triangular hole pattern grid or vice versa. Alternatively, the net can be made according to a three-raster, i.e. make triangular loops in it, the side length of which is suitably several times the side length of the triangles in the perforated grid, after which the net is suitably placed on the cloth when they are fastened together. Although a net made in this way is more expensive than a regular net, on the other hand it is stronger in itself and also gives the cloth a considerably better strength and can therefore be made of rather thin net yarns and light.

It is also possible to reinforce the perforated patterned film or cloth or plate by attaching to it approximately parallel wires running in one and the same direction more or less like harp tongues.

The camouflage cloth according to the invention can be provided in a very simple manner with different colors on both sides, so that e.g. one side is white for winter camouflage and the other is color-patterned or sand yellow for camouflage in normal terrain or sandy terrain.

An existing closed-surface camouflage cloth, the camouflage pattern of which can no longer be used for some reason, e.g. due to a strong 58022 discoloration or fading, can be re-used by perforating it, resulting in a cloth according to the invention.

An important application of the invention is that a conventional camouflage cloth known per se with camouflage patterns, but especially a mainly monochromatic camouflage cloth intended for use in snow-covered terrain, fields or pastures, deserts, etc., is provided with one or more peripheral edges, usually it is preferably provided with irregularly shaped perforated areas which start from the edges of the cloth, becoming increasingly thinner as the hole density goes inwards. At least the majority of the holes closest to the edge or edges of the cloth should preferably have a larger diameter than the majority of the holes further from the edge.

Equipping a conventional camouflage device with such perforated portions achieves a smoothing and also a more mechanically flexible transition to the surrounding terrain, so that the contrast between the color or pattern of the camouflage cloth and the surrounding color or pattern is reduced or faded. In addition, said measure makes it possible to obtain suitable viewing holes and that the edge portions of the cloth can be more easily fastened with strings, straps or the like, since these can be threaded through the holes. Therefore, it may be advantageous to provide a few holes, especially those located close to the edge of the cloth, with a known hole edge reinforcement of plastic or sheet metal. In a given area, calculated from the edge of the cloth, the size and distribution of the holes may well be so large that a considerable part of the background behind the cloth, i.e. usually the terrain under the edges, is visible through the holes, resulting in a more or less smooth transition between the ground and the cloth. possible, usually low contrast.

At least in ordinary cases, the division and size of the holes should vary not only from the edge of the cloth towards the center of the cloth, but also along the edge and edge portions of the cloth, e.g. according to Figure 2.

Thus, if, for example, a rectangular camouflage cloth is assumed to rest directly on the ground, its edges must not be prominently exposed because a row of equally spaced holes runs parallel to them.

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Therefore, an uneven hole size and / or an uneven hole size and / or an uneven hole distribution (density) must also be sought in the circumferential direction of the cloth. For this reason, among other things, additional holes can be made which are not arranged in the triangular raster of the other hole pattern and which can also be used for attaching the cloth.

Claims (10)

10 5 8022 A camouflage cloth or plate having a perforated pattern which produces or promotes the intended camouflage effect and covers at least a large part of the surface of the cloth or plate, characterized in that the perforated pattern holes are located at the raster points of the triangular coordinate system (Figure 1) oval without tears. A cloth with a circular outline of holes according to claim 1, characterized in that some of the holes have the same diameter and that at least one part of the other holes has a common second diameter of at least 25% and at most 100% larger than the former diameter. Cloth according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holes are arranged in at least two triangular grids having different triangular sizes, these grids being arranged in separate areas of the cloth (Fig. 1). U. A cloth according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a support net on which a film or fabric with a hole pattern is attached so that the yarns of the net pass uninterruptedly over the cloth and possibly over the holes, independently of the holes over which the yarns may pass. Cloth according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by a support net and a film or fabric attached thereto, the holes of which are arranged so as to coincide with the meshes of the net so that the yarns do not pass over the holes, the mesh width being at least twice as large than the side length of the triangles in the hole pattern raster. Cloth according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hole pattern extends only over the edge portions of the cloth and thus does not cover the entire cloth, in which, in addition to the hole pattern, there is also another camouflage pattern or color. Cloth according to claim 6, characterized in that in said edge portions the ratio between the total surface area of all the holes and the total surface area of the cloth sections between the holes decreases from the edge of the cloth towards the center of the cloth. Cloth according to claim 7, characterized in that said ratio varies irregularly in the direction of the edges of the cloth. Cloth according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the areas of the cloth in which said ratio is constant have an irregular shape, and that at least some of these areas have a different shape than some of the other areas. Cloth according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the cloth is provided not only with said hole pattern but also with holes which are not included in said rasters and are located close to the edges of the cloth, at least some of the latter holes being reinforced with suitable edges. for receiving lashing ropes or the like used for fastening the edge parts.