FI127602B - Factory and ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building process, a building (10), a factory and a ship. The method comprises at least the following steps, in which: - placing elongated building elements (1), such as logs, on a building support (3) which is in connection with a working platform (2), as a frame (4), for example in the form of a square or rectangle, - attaching new elongated building elements to the frame, thereby forming a movable structure (5), - attaching frames and / or building elements firmly to one another, - continuing to attach building elements until the movable structure (5) has a desired height, - during construction, moves the location of the building surface (3) in relation to the working platform (2) downwards in the height direction, whereby the upper surface (6) of the movable structure (5) away from the working platform, ie the working height (7), remains as desired.

Description

FACTORY AND SHIP

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a factory and a ship as set out in the preambles of the independent claims 5 below. In particular, the invention relates to a new way of implementing fast and modular wood construction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Typically, building durable and solid houses is slow and expensive.

Rapid construction is usually for temporary use, very lightweight and not necessarily very durable. Tent villages and container-type solutions produce significant waste problems during unloading and have poor sanitation.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to reduce or even eliminate the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient, economical and energy-efficient way of carrying out construction, for example timber construction.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the housing shortage and the problem of providing fast housing, for example, in accident areas, disaster areas or in difficult construction conditions.

It is an object of the present invention to use a renewable building material that is healthy, safe and ecological.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Among other things, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, the factory and the ship according to the invention, as well as other objects of the invention, are characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing parts of the appended independent claims.

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018

The application examples and advantages mentioned in this text apply mutatis mutandis to both the ship according to the invention and the factory, although it is not always mentioned separately.

A construction method according to an embodiment of the invention comprises at least the following steps

- placing elongate building elements on a building platform located in connection with the working platform as a frame, for example in the shape of a square or a rectangle,

- attaching new elongate building elements to the frame, thus forming a tubular structure,

- the overlapping frames and / or building elements are firmly attached to each other,

- continue to fasten the building elements until the tubular structure is of the desired height,

- the construction platform is first held above the working level and as the height of the tubular structure increases, the construction platform is moved downwards below the working level, whereby during construction the position of the construction platform is moved downwards with respect to the working plane.

The elongate building elements are, for example, wood, for example logs. The elongate building elements can be so long that one building element 25 forms one side of the frame. Construction can also be performed on shorter elements. The elongate building elements may comprise alignment shapes such as matching notches and protrusions, for example tongues. This ensures fast and high-quality construction. In the corners of the frames and the building elements can otherwise be, for example, tapped or bolted together. 30 For example, wooden pegs can be used to fasten wooden building elements and no glue may be required at all. Attaching building elements to each other is a technique known per se and does not require further explanation in this text.

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018

A typical factory according to the invention comprises at least two levels, for example two layers. The upper level, like the upper floor, has a working level. In connection with the working level, there is a construction platform on which 5 building elements, such as logs, can be placed and a structure increasing in height can be built from them. The building platform is typically an elevator that can be moved in height relative to the working plane. In this way, the distance of the upper surface of the structure to be built on the building platform from the working level, i.e. the working height, can be considered desirable, efficient and safe. 10 The construction platform can be lowered to a lower level, for example up to a lower floor.

The technology of elevators, for example their control devices, is known in the art and will not be described in more detail in this text.

In one embodiment of the invention, the working level is in a factory where there is at least one lower layer below the working level, and when the tubular structure is of the desired height

- the construction platform and the tubular structure on top are completely moved to the lower floor,

- removing the tubular structure from the building base to the lower layer.

Production becomes more efficient when the ingredients come upstairs and the finished structure leaves the downstairs.

The factory according to the invention can also be used if the elevator, i.e. the construction platform, does not lower very low. For example, a lower floor is not necessarily required if there is a suitable space or recess under the elevator, the depth of which is sufficient for the downward movement of the building platform according to the invention. Such a recess can be, for example, the bottom recess of an old elevator shaft.

The plant according to the invention can be used for construction other than the construction of tubular structures described in the figure. An example is

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018 conceivable construction of almost all types of houses, for example wooden houses, on top of a similar elevator solution.

In one embodiment of the invention, the building platform is first held above the working plane and as the height of the tubular structure increases, the building platform is moved downwards below the working platform. In this way, the working height is suitable and safe right from the start.

In one embodiment of the invention, when the tubular structure is of the desired height 10 - the tubular structure is moved to the construction site,

- the tubular structure is installed horizontally in such a way that the tubular structure forms the roof of the building to be built or its room, the floor and the two walls connecting the roof and the floor.

The tubular structures according to the invention are thus modules which form a room space.

A building according to an embodiment of the invention comprises one or more horizontally tubular structures formed by superimposed frames formed of elongate building elements according to the invention. In this case, the tubular structures form room spaces in the building to be built.

In one embodiment of the invention, the ends of the tubular structure are closed by an element with a door and / or a window. Such an end element is easy to install 25 on a building platform or only later.

The elongate building elements used, such as logs, can be, for example, 2.5-4 meters or 3-3.5 meters in length. The outer dimensions of the frame, i.e. the outer dimensions of the cross-section of the pipe of the finished tubular structure, i.e. the width and height of the room 30 made therefrom, can be, for example, 2.5-4 meters or 3-3.5 meters in their direction.

The length of the pipe of the finished tubular structure, i.e. its height during manufacture, i.e. the length of the room to be made from it, can be, for example, 5-9 meters or 6-8 meters.

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018

Other dimensions are possible. The dimensions are determined by the respective application.

In one embodiment of the invention, several tubular structures are combined side by side and / or on top of each other into one larger building, whereby the tubular structures form the room spaces of the building. Tubular structures are like building blocks from which it is easy to design the desired building complex.

In one embodiment of the invention, a building is constructed from one or more tubular structures, the load-bearing frame of which is formed by the tubular structures according to the invention. No other load-bearing structures are necessarily required.

In one embodiment of the invention, the factory according to the invention is on board. In this case, the ship where the factory is located is, if desired, moved to a location near which there is a great need for rapid construction, such as a disaster area.

Thus, it has now been found that buildings can be constructed by fabricating tubular structures 20 by a method based on a simple circumferential structure.

The tubular structure can even be made by the 1-material method. The tubular structure is made of elongated building elements in basically the same way as a traditional log building, layer by layer. The construction according to the invention is remarkably fast and easy. The tubular structures 25 are ergonomically constructed in an upright position, whereby the working environment is efficient and safe. The vertically movable construction platform according to the invention always keeps the working height suitable, in which case scaffolding is not necessarily needed at this stage of construction.

As the height of the frame is increased, a tubular structure is formed. When it is at the desired height, the structure is turned horizontally. Then the floor, ceiling and side walls of the room form the sides of the frame. The end wall can be implemented, for example, as a window element or as a panel structure, for example made of solid wood.

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018

For example, partitions, bathroom furniture or fixed furniture can be arranged in a tubular structure. Tubular structures can be implemented at the factory or even from a large cargo ship. The trucks can transport the finished tubular structures to the installation site, where they are typically assembled by crane into 5 houses. The building can be multi-storey, equipped with an elevator or a staircase.

The main advantages of the invention are economy, speed and the possibility of using a renewable material such as wood.

Building from frames produces durable structures. For example, in wood, the earthquake resistance of a building according to the invention is easily better than that of many stone structures.

The elongate building elements may be, for example, wood, plastic, composite material or metal, or some combination thereof.

The construction of tubular structures is a simple and safe phase work. Thus, non-construction professionals can be used as labor for construction. In this way, almost anywhere in the disaster area, for example, 20 local people can be employed. The construction according to the invention can or can be done by hand. But because the steps of the method are very simple, the fabrication of the tubular structure is relatively easy to automate or robotize partially or completely.

There is little or no special tools required for construction and the plant is easily set up to begin construction production. Building materials can be transported as a very cost-effective cargo. There is little extra air in the cargo, but the timber bundles, any glass elements and solid wood panel bundles can be tightly packed.

If the elongate building elements are wood, solid wood structures can be used depending on the conditions. For example, the cross-sectional dimensions of a building element can be 48 mm by 98 mm. Or if, for example

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018 the coldness of the conditions so requires, so the size of the building element, measured from the inside to the outside, can be even larger, for example 48 mm by 148 mm.

One advantage of the invention is that the foundation of the building is easy to make, for example, as a movable concrete foundation.

One advantage is the ease of setting up. For example, only a leveled gravel mattress and the necessary utilities, such as a sewer and electricity connections, can be arranged on the construction site, ie on the site.

One advantage of the invention is that since the tubular structures are very durable and relatively light, the building can be moved to a new location relatively easily.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing, in which

Figure 1 shows a factory according to the invention in a first situation,

Figure 2 shows a top view of a tubular structure according to an embodiment of the invention in a factory,

Figure 3 shows a factory according to the invention in another situation,

Figure 4 shows a factory according to the invention in a third situation,

Figure 5 shows a factory according to the invention in a fourth situation,

Figure 6 shows a building according to an embodiment of the invention, and

Figure 7 shows a horizontal cross-section of a building according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLES OF THE FIGURES

For the sake of clarity, the same reference numerals are used for different parts in different figures and embodiments.

Figures 1-5 show a part of a factory according to the invention. The factory has two layers, of which the upper layer comprises working level 2. In connection with it is

20165726 prh 28 -08- 2018 building platform 3, on which building elements 1, such as logs, can be placed. Figure 2 shows four wooden logs 1 placed on a building base 3. The logs 1 are arranged in a square shape and are fixed at their corners as a frame 4. When more logs 1 are attached to the frame 4, a tubular structure 5 increasing in height is built on the building base 5.

The building platform 3 is an elevator which can be moved in relation to the working plane 2 in the height direction. Thus, the distance of the upper surface 6 of the structure to be built on the building platform 3 from the working plane, i.e. the working height 7 of the builders 28, can be kept as desired throughout 10. The elevator, i.e. the building platform 3, comprises an elevator platform 22, a platform 23 arranged thereon, cables 24 and electric motors 25 for controlling the length of the cables, i.e. the height of the elevator platform 22. The height of the platform 23 from the elevator level 22 is adjustable by changing the height of the supports 26 between them.

Figure 1 shows how the building base 3 is first held above the working plane by lifting the base 23 up through the opening 27 formed in the working plane. As the height of the tubular structure 5 formed on the building base increases, the building base is moved downwards according to Figs. 3-5. First, the base 23 is lowered onto the elevator level 22. Then the entire building base 3 20 is lowered below the working level 2, towards the lower floor 8. In the example of the figures, the building base 3 can be lowered almost to the floor of the lower floor 8. According to the figure, the finished tubular structure 5 is transferred on the floor of the lower layer 8 to a waiting wheeled base 21, by means of which the finished tubular structure 5 is led forward in the process.

It would be very possible that when the tubular structure is completed, it would be lifted completely back to the upper floor, i.e. above the working level 2, by means of an elevator, i.e. a building platform 3, and onwards in the process.

When the tubular structure 5 is of the desired height, it is moved, for example, to the construction site 9 of the apartment building 10 according to Fig. 6. Here the tubular structure 5 is installed horizontally so as to form a room 11 in the building to be built. , the floor 13 and the two walls 14 connecting the roof and the floor. The structures of the first floor are installed on top of the foundation (not shown). Subsequent layers are formed by placing tubular structures on top of the previous layers. The load-bearing frame of the building 10 5 can even be formed entirely of tubular structures 5.

Figure 6 and Figure 7 show how the ends 15 of the tubular structure can be closed by an element 16 with a door and / or window 17. The walls 1 of the tubular structure 5, i.e. the room ceiling 12, the floor 13 and the walls 14 can be easily dimensioned 10 to withstand some openings. Indeed, access connections have been established between adjacent and overlapping rooms, such as corridors 18, doorways 19, staircases 20 or elevator shafts (not shown).

The invention is not intended to be limited to the examples shown, but to be defined by the independent claims.

Claims (2)

1. A factory, which at a higher level, for example in a higher floor, comprises a working platform (2) and in connection with the working platform a building support (3), on which building elements (1), such as logs, and of they build a structure that grows to its height, characterized in that the building support (3) is a lift that can be moved in the height direction in relation to the working platform (2), the distance of the upper surface (6) of the structure built on the building support (3) from The working platform, i.e. the working height (7), can be held as desired, and the building support (3) can be lowered all the way down to the lower floor (8) to move the finished structure away from the building support (3) to the lower floor. 2. A vessel, characterized in that it comprises a factory according to claim 1.