FI123408B - Device intended to be used within a liquid and method for effecting movement - Google Patents

Abstract

A fastening mechanism (104) for an apparatus intended for use in liquid comprises two connecting parts (120, 122) for a cylinder structure (100) that are positioned on different sides of the centre of gravity (82) of the cylinder structure (100) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100) and alternately connect to the cylinder structure (100). The fastening mechanism (104) connects to a support structure (90) of the cylinder structure (100). A piston mechanism (106) is shorter than the cylinder structure (100) and comprises two pistons (108, 110) connected to each other, located at the ends of the cylinder structure (100) and prevent liquid (150) from entering the space (136) between the pistons (108, 110). The cylinder structure (100) rotates or rocks on the support structure (90). When one connecting part (120, 122) is at a predefined stage higher than the other connecting part (120, 122), the higher connecting part (120, 122) is connected to the cylinder structure (100) and the other connecting part (120, 122) is disconnected. The pistons (110, 100) move in parallel inside the cylinder structure (100) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100) synchronously with the connection of the connecting parts (120, 122).

Description

Apparatus and method for providing motion within a fluid

Area

The invention relates to a device moving within a fluid and to a method 5 for providing motion.

Background

The cylinder structure usually comprises a cylinder and a piston moving within it. The cylinder structure can be used to produce continuous motion, as is the case with an internal combustion engine. Cylinder structures can also be used to pump gas or liquid through pipes from one place to another.

However, making a cylinder structure within a fluid is challenging. In addition, specific solutions are required to achieve movement of the cylinder structure moving within the fluid. For example, compaction of the motor and transmission of force to achieve movement are demanding tasks. The liquid also 15 impedes movement. Therefore, there is a need for a working fluidized cylinder structure and a device comprising a movable cylinder structure.

Short description

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved solution. This is achieved by the device according to claim 1.

The invention relates to a method according to claim 11.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The solutions according to the invention achieve several advantages. The variable torque of the cylinder-5 structure allows the cylinder structure to move

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^ 25 sen. It is also possible to utilize the fluid lift to change the torque °.

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The invention will now be described in more detail in connection with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which ΪΙ30 Fig. 1A shows a cylindrical structure, a fastening mechanism and a piston mechanism for a device for use inside a liquid; Fig. 2B illustrates a cylindrical structure having pressurized gas in the space between the pistons, Fig. 3A illustrates a device comprising a liquid-sealed casing, Fig. 3B shows a shape of the casing, and Figure 5 shows a flow diagram of the method.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 10 The following embodiments are exemplary. Although the description may refer to "one," one "or" some "embodiment or embodiments at different points, this does not necessarily mean that each such reference is to the same embodiment or embodiments, or that the feature applies to only one embodiment. 15 to enable other embodiments.

Figure 1A shows the cylinder structure 100, the attachment mechanism 104 and the piston mechanism 106. of the device for use within the fluid 150. The fluid 150 may be, but is not limited to, water or oil. The water may be, for example, but not limited to, lake, river, ocean or pool.

The cylinder structure 100 is of a tubular construction, the ends 102 of which may be tapered. The tube is usually straight. The cylinder structure 100 may be made of, but not limited to, metal, such as steel or aluminum, or plastic. Cylinder structure 100 is constructed so that fluid 150 does not enter the field of cylinder cylinder co 25. The piston mechanism 106 is located within the cylinder structure 100.

In general, the device may comprise more than one cylinder assembly 100, each having its own piston mechanism 106. The piston mechanism co 106 is shorter than the cylinder structure 100, and the piston mechanism 106 comprises x two pistons 108, 110 located at different ends of the cylinder structure 100 and

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30 interconnected by a solid structure 142, a pressurized gas and / or a foamed polymer. For example, pistons 108, 110 may include, but are not limited to, stainless steel and / or aluminum. The entire piston mechanism 106 may also be made of, but not limited to, steel and / or aluminum.

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The fastening mechanism 104 comprises two coupling members 120, 122, each of which may comprise one or more structural members. The coupling parts 120, 122 are alternately connected to the cylinder structure 100 at different sides of the center of gravity 82 of the cylinder structure 100 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 80 of the cylinder structure 100.

The coupling members 120, 122 may be mechanical gripping members made, for example, of metal or other material of sufficient strength. The coupling members 120, 122 may comprise, for example, a pin-like member which is inserted into the hole in the counterpart when coupled. The coupling parts 120, 122 may or may not be bearing. The engagement of the sy-10 with the cylinder structure 100 may be performed at a predetermined distance from the center of gravity 82. The fastening mechanism 104 engages the cylinder structure 100 with the support structure 90, which may be part of the device or separate from the device. The cylinder structure 100 rotates or swings back and forth with the support member 120, 122 and on the support structure 90.

15 For movement of the cylinder structure 100, the engaging member 120 engages the cylinder member 100 when at a predetermined step higher than the engaging member 122. Here, the engaging member 122 is disconnected from the engagement with the cylinder member 100. Accordingly, the engaging member 122 engages than the engaging member 120, and the engaging member 120 is disengaged from engagement with the cylinder assembly 100.

The pistons 108, 110 of the piston mechanism 106 are moved parallel to the inside of the cylinder structure 100 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 80 of the cylinder structure 100. This movement of the pistons 108, 110 is performed synchronously with engagement of the engaging members 120, 122 such that, as the piston 108 moves upwardly, the piston mechanism 106 5 is displaced at a predetermined moment due to the movement of the cylinder structure 100.

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Λ but to the Head and Let's stay there. Similarly, as the piston 110 moves upwardly from the piston 108 due to the rotational movement of the cylinder structure 100, the piston mechanism 106 30 is displaced at a predetermined moment by the upper part of the cylinder structure 100 | but in the head and kept there. The height or height of the head of the cylinder structure 100 and the height and height of the pistons 108, 110 relative to one another can be determined, for example, from their distance to the midpoint of the earth or from their altitude. Similarly, being up or down ^35 can be determined from the surface of liquid 150 so that the closer to the surface of the liquid is inside the liquid, the higher it is. Similarly, the further the object being viewed is the further away from the surface of the liquid 150 the liquid 150 is located. The second target above is closer to the surface of the liquid 150 than the other target.

The piston mechanism 106 may be held in place at the end of the cylinder structure 5 100 by, for example, locking the piston mechanism 106 by a locking member 152.

The piston mechanism 106 is in the highest position of the cylinder structure 100 when the cylinder structure 100 is upright. Since the piston 108 or 110 is at the upper end of the cylinder structure 100 at the end 10 also in the fluid 150, the upper end of the cylinder structure 100 begins to sink down in the liquid 150 because the torque produced by the piston 108 (alternatively 110) the torque of the opposite end piston 110 (alternatively 108). The fulcrum is at each moment in the upper coupling portion 122 (or 15,120). The torque at the upper end of the cylinder structure 100 is greater because the piston 108 (alternatively 110) at the upper end of the cylinder structure 100 is further away from the support point than the piston 110 (alternatively 108) of the opposite end. The piston 108 (alternatively 110) at the top end of the cylinder structure 100 is further away from the support 20 because the piston structure 106 always moves to its highest position during movement of the cylinder structure 100. Thus, one of the pistons 108, 110 is within the cylinder structure 100 in its uppermost position and thus farthest from the support point when one end of the cylinder structure 100 is up.

The locking member 152 may be attached to the inner surface of the cylinder structure 100 and, for example, may push the projection towards the piston 108, 110, thereby preventing movement of the piston mechanism 106. Alternatively or additionally, the locking member 152 may be closed

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5 in piston 108, 110 or elsewhere in piston mechanism 106, and locking member 152 may

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for example, pushes the projection toward the cylinder structure 100, thereby preventing movement of the piston mechanism 106. The unlocking can be accomplished by pulling the protrusion in the opposite direction to the locking. The locking member 152 may comprise | to provide mechanical movement of the motor for locking and unlocking, or the locking member 152 may comprise a mechanism for transmitting energy g for locking and unlocking movement of the cylinder structure 100. The motor of the locking member 152 may receive its energy from an external source of the device.

00 35 The motor may be an electric motor, and the energy may be electrical energy, for example, from a battery, a local generator or a public power grid.

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The locking member 152 may be locked in place of a mechanical solution or in addition to magnetism, whereby the locking member 152 locks the piston assembly 106 in place relative to the cylinder member 100 by magnetic attraction. The magnet of the locking member 152 may be an electromagnet that receives energy from, for example, a battery, a local generator or a public power supply. The electric field of the electromagnet may be switched on and off to prevent and enable movement of the piston mechanism 106.

The device comprises a seal 140 between the piston 108, 110 and the inner surface of the cylinder structure 100 to prevent fluid 150 from entering the interior space 136 of the cylinder structure 100 10.

In one embodiment, each end of the at least one cylinder assembly 100 comprises a portion 102. tapered to a predetermined length. The plunger 108, 110 at each end comprises a tapered end 130 adapted to move within the tapered portion 102 of the cylinder assembly 100. between the constricted portion 102 to prevent fluid 150 from entering the cylinder structure 100.

The piston mechanism 106 may move upwardly in the direction of the longitudinal axis 80 of the cylinder structure 100 under the influence of the fluid 150. At this point, the unlocked piston mechanism 106 is in contact with a fluid 150 at its lower end which pushes the piston mechanism 106 upward. The density of the piston mechanism 106 is less than the fluid 150 in contact therewith. The density of the piston mechanism 106 may mean, for example, the average density.

Alternatively or additionally, the device comprises a moving mechanism 154 which can move the piston mechanism 106 upwardly in the longitudinal direction 25 to 80 of the cylinder structure 100. The actuating mechanism 154 may comprise a motor which may be, for example, an electric motor. The actuating mechanism 154 may also comprise a gear 5 and a toothed abutment member for actuating the piston mechanism 106.

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^ engine power. The motor may be controlled to move the piston mechanism ^ 106 synchronously with the rotation movement of the cylinder structure 100. The motor 30 may be an electric motor, and the energy may be electrical energy which may be exemplified such as a battery, a local generator or a public power supply.

In one embodiment, there may be a variable size space 134 between the constricted portion g 102 of the barrel structure 100 and the unstressed portion 132 of the piston 108, 110 which, due to movement of the piston mechanism 106, may be at least 35 with its piston position.

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The junction 156 of the cylinder structure 100 with the shaft 148 does not integrate the cylinder structure 100 and the shaft 148, but the cylinder structure 100 and the shaft 148 can move relative to one another within predetermined limits. For example, the cylinder structure 100 has a hole at shaft 148 that is larger than a ko-5 koa of shaft 148. However, the cylinder structure 100 and the shaft 148 are sealed against the fluid 150, so that the liquid 150 cannot flow into the cylinder structure 100 from the junction 156. Such separation between the cylinder structure 100 and the shaft 148 allows the fastening mechanism 104 to function.

Fig. 1B illustrates an embodiment in which at the end-10 of the cylinder structure 100 there is an additional gas space 146, which may include air, for example. The cylinder structure 100 can thus obtain its torque from the weight of the pistons 108, 110, the air space 134 and the auxiliary air space 146. Figure 1B also shows an embodiment using a piston mechanism 106 whose ends are formed by pistons 108, 110. The piston mechanism 106 is 15 shorter than the cylinder structure 100 so that it can move within the cylinder structure 100 in the same manner as the actual biaxial embodiments. On the other hand, the ends of the piston mechanism 106 may also be regarded as the pistons 108, 110.

Fig. 2A illustrates an embodiment in which the cylinder structure 100 20 may comprise at least one gas conduit 144 interconnecting a variable size space 134 and a plunger 108, 110 to allow gas flow between the variable size space 134 and the plunger 108, 110. One end of the gas conduit 144 may be coupled to the end portion of the cylinder structure 100 so that at its junction, it extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 80 of the cylinder structure 100. The other end of the gas conduit 144 may be connected to the wall of the cylinder assembly 100 in the region between the pistons 108, 110, wherever the pistons 108, 110 are located. So the gas pipeline

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The aperture 144 does not decrease as the piston approaches it.

As the piston mechanism 106 moves up, the gas flows through the gas conduit 144 into a space of variable size 134 | off. Correspondingly, at the upper end of the cylinder structure, the variable size space 134134 is reduced and even completely emptied of gas. Then, the gas lift of the variable size space 134 raises the lower end of the cylinder structure 100 upwardly in the liquid 150. Accordingly, the upper end of the cylinder structure 100 decreases or withdraws from the action of gas, so that the upper end of the cylinder structure 100 begins to depress. Thus, the cylinder structure 100 initiates or continues the rotational movement.

In an embodiment shown in Figure 2B, the pistons 108, 110 may be interconnected by a pressurized gas located within the cylinder structure 100 5 in the space 136 between the pistons 108, 110. Since this is a pressurized gas that is not compressed or not significantly compressed also the second piston 110 or 108. The seals 158 hold the compressed gas in the space 136 between the pistons 108, 110. The gas conduit 144 may then be connected between the spaces 10 at different ends of the cylinder structure 100.

In one embodiment, the cylinder structure 100 may comprise a non-compressible, foamed polymer in the space 136 between the pistons 108, 110. Since the polymer is uncompressed, the movement of one of the pistons 108 or 110 also moves the other piston 110 or 108.

The pressurized gas and the foamed polymer may have lighter structures than the metal bar between the pistons 108, 110.

The gas between the pistons 108, 110 may include, but is not limited to, air or helium. Liquid 150 may be water. Thus, for example, the average density pk of the cylinder structure 100 may be less than the density pv of the ve-20s but greater than the density p of the air, i.e., p, <pk <pv. The side of the cylinder structure 100 which extends from the engaging portion 120, 122 to the end of the cylinder structure 100 and where the piston 108, 110 is pushed into a variable size space 134 is denser than water so that this side of the cylinder structure 100 is pressed down. Correspondingly, the side of the cylinder structure 100 between the coupling members 120, 122 and the end of the cylinder structure 100 where the piston 108, 110 is withdrawn from the variable size space 134 to allow gas has less water than t1 so that this side of the cylinder structure 100 rises

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^ up in the water.

In one embodiment, the pistons 108, 110 may be interconnected by a solid structure 142, so that the pistons 108, 110 move simultaneously | way at the same time.

Fig. 3A shows an embodiment in which the device may comprise a housing 300 closed from a liquid 150. The housing 300 may contain a liquid or a gas.

The housing 300 may comprise at least one cavity 302 passing through the housing 300. Each of the cavities 302 may be filled with fluid 150 with the device 150 contained within the liquid 150 because the ends of the cavity 302 are open. Each cylinder structure 100 may be housed in a different cavity 302, so that each cylinder structure 100 may have fluid 150 within the housing 300. The use of the housing 300 reduces the resistance caused by the liquid 150 as each cylinder structure 100 moves. An arrow on the cylinder structure 100 indicates the direction of rotation.

Figure 3B shows a sector-shaped shape of the cavities 302 of the housing 300.

Sector-like cavities 302 contain fluid 150. In addition, FIG. 3B illustrates two cylinder structures 100 within the same housing 300 in different cavities 302. Closed spaces 304 that cannot be accessed by fluid 150 outside the housing 300 may have fluid 150. The nes-10 te 150 is in contact only with the ends of the pistons 108, 110 of the piston mechanism. The opening 306 of the cavities 302 may also be such that the liquid 150 of the housing 300 is in contact with the liquid 150 of the cavity 302. The fluid 150 can then flow freely out of the cavity 302 and into the cavity 302.

Figure 3C shows an embodiment in which the housing 300 does not extend to the ends of the piston assembly 106.

Figure 3D illustrates an embodiment in which the cylinder structure 100 comprises a closed jacket 310 having fluid 170 inside. The fluid 170 may be a different fluid than the fluid 150 outside the cylinder structure 100. The fluid 170 may be, for example, mercury or other high density fluid. Seals 20 140 prevent fluid 170 from entering the cylinder structure 100 at pistons 108, 110. Otherwise, the fluid 170 does not enter the interior 136 of the cylinder structure 100. The piston mechanism 106 is of such a density that it floats in the fluid 170. When the cylinder structure 100 is upright, the piston mechanism 106 rises to its upper position within the cylinder structure 100. This causes the end of the cylinder structure 100 closer to the surface of the fluid 150 to tend downwardly, and the end closer to the bottom of the liquid 150 tends to be raised due to the position of the piston mechanism 106 in the cylinder structure

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^ 100 and the resulting torque.

Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment for connecting the device to the other mechanics. For example, the device may comprise a toothed ring 400 which rotates | gear box 402, in turn, may be coupled to a pump 404, which may be, for example, a hydraulic pump or a piston pump and g supply energy. Similarly, the pump 404 can supply energy through the gearbox 402 and the gear ring 400 to rotate the device. The gearbox 402 may not be necessary, but the gear ring 400 may directly rotate the pump 404. The present solution may be applied to 9 energy generation and conversion, a hoist or a hydraulic pump or piston pump.

The illustrated device can work within a fluid in a simple manner without the need for a single internal combustion engine 5 or electric motor to be placed inside the fluid and responsible for the entire operation. Instead, the operation of the device is based on varying the torque between the different ends of the cylinder structure 100 relative to the support point which changes due to changes in the coupling parts. Further, the operation relies on the movements of the piston structure 106 in the cylinder structure 100 and the gas transfer to the various parts of the cylinder structure 100.

In one embodiment, the movements of each cylinder structure 100 are monitored and / or controlled by computer control. The device may comprise at least one sensor 450 that measures rotation or inclination of the cylinder structures. The sensor 450 may be, for example, an acceleration sensor. The signal produced by each sensor 450 can be supplied to a computer 452 which can control the operation of actuators such as motors 15 or the like synchronously according to the motion of one or more cylinder structures 100. The data transmission can be wired or wireless. Wireless communication may be effected, for example, by ultrasound, optically or by any other suitable frequency of electromagnetic radiation. Thus, each cylinder structure 100 can move with or without an external power source 20. Computer 452 may comprise a microprocessor, memory and a suitable computer program.

Figure 5 shows a flow chart of the method. In step 500, the engaging portions 120, 122 of the securing mechanism 104 are alternately engaged with the cylinder structure 100. In a step 502, each of the cylindrical structures 100 is moved like a rotation or sway by the securing member 104, 122, for

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In step 504, one engaging member 120, 122 is, at a predetermined stage, coupled higher than another engaging member 120, 122, above a engaging member 120, 122 to the cylinder structure 100. In step 506, the releaser | In one step 508, the pistons 108, 110 of the piston mechanism 106 are moved parallel to the cylinder structure 100, in a predetermined step higher than the other coupling part 120, 122, the lower coupling part g 120, 122 being 35 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 80 of the cylinder structure 100 synchronously with the engagement of the coupling members 120, 122.

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Many features, which are described in more detail in patent application PCT / FI2010 / 050912, can also be applied to the present solution.

Although the invention has been described above with reference to the examples of the accompanying drawings, it is clear that the invention is not limited thereto, but that it can be modified in many ways within the scope of the appended claims.

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Claims (16)

An apparatus for use within a fluid, comprising at least one cylinder structure (100), a retaining mechanism (104) and a piston mechanism (106) within each cylinder structure (100); the fastening mechanism (104) for each cylinder structure (100) comprises two engaging portions (120, 122) disposed on different sides of the center of gravity (82) of the cylinder structure (100) in rotation of the cylinder structure (100) ), and the fastening mechanism (104) is adapted to engage each cylinder block (100) with a support structure (90); the piston mechanism (106) being shorter than the cylinder structure (100) and the piston mechanism (106) comprising two pistons (108, 110) located at the ends of the cylinder structure (100) interconnected to prevent fluid 15 (150) from entering the pistons (108); 110) into the space (136); the fastening mechanism (104) being adapted to be coupled to a support structure (90) on which each cylinder structure (100) is adapted to pivot or swing back and forth supported by the engaging member (120, 122), characterized in that one of the engagements 120, 122) being at a predetermined stage higher than the second coupling part (120, 122), the upper coupling part (120, 122) being adapted to engage with the cylinder structure (100) and the second connecting part (120, 122) being disengaged from the engagement with the cylinder structure (100); and the pistons (108, 110) of the piston mechanism (106) are arranged to move within the cylinder structure (100) parallel to the engagement of the coupling parts (120, 122) along the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder body (100). . g 30 Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises at least one cylindrical structure (100), each end of which has a portion (102) tapered over a predetermined length; each plunger (108, 110) comprises a tapered tip (130) arranged to move within the tapered portion (102) of the cylinder structure (100); and the device comprising a seal (140) between the tip (130) of the piston 35 (108, 110) and the tapered portion (102) to prevent fluid (150) from entering the space (136) between the pistons (108, 110). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that each piston mechanism (106) is arranged to move upwardly in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100) under the influence of the fluid (150). Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the device comprises a movement mechanism (154) arranged to move each piston mechanism (106) upward in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100). Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a space (134) of variable size is provided between the constricted part (102) of the cylinder structure (100) and the unstressed part (132) of the piston (108, 110) arranged in the piston mechanism (106). ) due to movement to be at their lowest when the piston mechanism (106) is in its up position and maximum when the piston mechanism (106) is in its lower position. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the cylinder structure (100) of the cylinder comprises at least one gas conduit (144) which interconnects a space of variable size (134) and a space (136) of the pistons (108, 110) to allow gas flow. between a variable size space (134) and a space (136) between the pistons (108, 110). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pistons (108, 110) are connected to one another by a pressurized gas located within the cylinder structure (100) in the space (136) between the pistons (108, 110). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical structure (100) comprises a non-compressible, foamed polymer in the space (136) between the pistons (108, 110). i CVJ ° 25 Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the CO pistons (108, 110) are interconnected by a solid structure (142). CC CL A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises a housing (300) closed from the liquid (150) containing gas; the housing (300) comprises at least one cavity 30 (302) passing through the housing (300); each cavity (302) being adapted to be filled with fluid (150) with the device within the fluid (150); each cylinder structure (100) being adapted to be disposed within a different cavity (302), each cylinder structure (100) being surrounded by a fluid (150) 5 when housed within the housing (300). A method of providing motion in a fluid-in-line device comprising at least one cylinder structure (100), a retaining mechanism (104), and a piston mechanism (106) within each cylinder structure (100); The clamping mechanism (104) for each cylinder structure (100) comprises two engaging portions (120, 122) disposed on different sides of the center of gravity (82) of the piston-free cylinder structure (100) in the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100); the piston mechanism (106) is shorter than the cylinder structure (100) and the piston mechanism (106) comprises two pistons (108, 110) located at the ends of the cylinder structure (100) interconnected to prevent fluid (150) from entering the pistons (108, 110). 110) into the space (136); each cylinder structure (100) coupled to the support structure (90) by a fastening mechanism (104); and method 20 coupling (500) the engaging portions (120, 122) of the fastening mechanism (104) to the cylinder structure (100); moving (502) each cylinder structure (100), such as rotation or rocking, on the clamping mechanism (104) with the clamping member (120, 122) coupled to the support structure (90), characterized in that: o ™ is coupled (504), with one engaging member (120, 122) predetermined at a given point higher than another engaging member (120, $ 2 122), an upper engaging member (120, 122) to the cylinder structure x 30 (100); detaching (506), with one engaging member (120, 122) predetermined in a given step higher than the other engaging member (120, LO122), the lower engaging member (120, 122) from the cylinder structure (100); and 35 moving (508) the pistons (108, 110) of the piston mechanism (106) within the cylinder structure (100) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100) synchronously with the engaging means (120, 122). A method according to claim 11, characterized in that the tapered tip (130) of each piston (108, 110) is moved in the tapered portion (102) of the cylinder structure (100); and sealing (140) between the tip (130) and the constricted portion (102) of the piston (108, 110) to prevent fluid (150) from entering the space (136) between the pistons (108, 110). Method according to claim 12, characterized in that each piston mechanism (106) is moved upwards in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100) under the influence of the fluid (150). A method according to claim 12, characterized in that each piston mechanism (106) is moved upwardly in the direction of the longitudinal axis (80) of the cylinder structure (100) by a movement mechanism (154). Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the variable space (134) between the constricted part (102) of the cylinder structure (100) and the unstressed part (132) of the piston (108, 110) is reduced by moving the piston mechanism (106). and raising said variable-sized space (134) to its maximum by moving the piston mechanism (106) into its lower position by movement of the piston mechanism (106). A method according to claim 12, characterized in that gas is conveyed between the variable size space (134) and the space (134) between the pistons (108, 110) by at least one gas conduit (144) in the cylinder structure (100). i CVJ o CO X cc CL O) m δ CVJ