FI120735B - Collection chamber and a process for making mineral fibers - Google Patents

Description

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COLLECTION CHAMBER AND A PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING MINERAL FIBERS

The present invention relates to a collection chamber and a process for the production of mineral fibers according to the preamble of the following patent claims. [1] KERÄILYKAMMIO JA MENETELMÄ MINERAALIKUUJEN VALMISTUKSESSA

Mineral wool, such as rock wool, is produced by melting suitable raw material, for example, diabase, limestone or slag in a smelting furnace. The obtained mineral melt is conducted from the melting furnace in the form of a melting jet into a fibrating device where the melt is formed into mineral fiber. Typically, a spinning machine type vibrating device is used which comprises a series of rotating vibrating or spinning wheels, typically 3-4 pieces. The mineral melt from the smelting furnace is moved toward the mantle surface of the first wheel, where it receives a certain attachment to the mantle surface of the wheel before being thrown out as a drip cascade against the mantle surface of the second adjacent wheel in the series. Part of the mineral melt is then sufficiently attached to the casing surface of the other wheel to be formed into fibers under the centrifugal force. Another part of. : the mineral melt is thrown further towards the third wheel's surface. In this way, • 20 mineral melt is passed as a melt drop beam or drip cascade successively from one wheel to the following throughout the fibrating device, at the same time as a portion of the mineral melt is formed into mineral fibers. On the shaped mineral fibers, a binder can be applied either during or after the fiber formation.

··· · • · · • · * · ·· ♦ 25 The mineral fibers formed at the fiber wheels are transported away from the fiber iT: the device by means of blow-off. The mineral fiber blow-off can be done with so-called primary blow-off means, which are placed at the circumference of the wheels or: y. with secondary bleed means arranged at a distance from the fibrating *; ***; device. The mineral fibers are transported from the fibrating device through a collecting chamber to a collecting means arranged in front of the fibrating device. The collecting means may be, for example, a belt-conveyor or a rotary drum.

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The mineral fibers are usually collected as a thin fiber mat, so-called primary fiber mat or primary mat. The primary fiber mat is normally collected by a progressive perforated surface which is the collecting surface of the collecting means. The velocity at which the collection surface moves forward determines the surface weight of the collected primary fiber mat, if the fiber mass flow from the fiber device is constant. The higher the velocity of the collecting surface, the thinner the collected primary fiber mat and the lower the surface weight it will get. Generally, we strive to collect as thin primary mineral fiber mats as possible. Mineral fiber heaters and shovels are undesirable in the collected mineral fiber mat because they degrade the quality of the final product. Of course, one also tries to avoid heels in the collected primary mineral fiber mat.

As the amount of mineral fibers produced by the fibering device increases, the collection rate of the collecting means must be increased accordingly, such that the surface weight of the collected primary mat is constantly poured and that the surface weight of the mat does not become too high. However, the speed of the collecting means is limited by other devices later in the process and therefore cannot be increased as much as heist. The finishing of a bed thin and fast primary mineral fiber mat has been found to be complicated, partly because the thin mat easily breaks down during transport and possible commuting.

The structure of the collected primary mat is severely affected by the conditions of the collection chamber during the travel of the mineral fibers from the vibration device to the collecting means. If the flow conditions in the collecting chamber are primed, the backbone becomes turbulent and exists. The vibration and collection processes also become difficult to control as the amount of fiber produced increases.

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It is important to optimize each subprocess in the production of mineral wool so that a desired end result is achieved. It has proved difficult to manufacture and assemble Stora

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in quantities of fiber from the same fibrating device without the structure of it

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the collected primary mat and the final mineral wool deteriorate.

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Mineral wool has many different uses, for example as insulating materials in different constructions. Depending on the purpose of use, different demands are made on the properties of the manufactured mineral wool, on its strength, compressibility, etc. The properties of the mineral wool are influenced by the properties of the individual mineral fibers, in other words the thickness, length and the space orientation of the individual mineral fibers. These properties are influenced, among other things, by the conditions that occur when the mineral fibers are transported by the gas streams through the collection chamber to the collecting means. The gas streams consist of blow-offs from blow-off means at the fibrating device and extraction through the surface of the collecting means. Particularly problematic are back currents and gas swirls which rise in the collection chamber, inter alia because the rotating vibrating wheels cause some of the air adjacent to the wheels to rotate with them.

Increased production of mineral fibers causes a need to increase the amount of air needed for transporting mineral fibers from the vibrating device to the collecting means. The increased amount of air in the collection chamber increases the risk of problematic gas swirls around the fiber cloud being transported from the vibration device to the collecting means. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the extraction, since an increased amount of gas must be removed from the * collection chamber, usually through the surface of the collecting means.

Traditionally, collection chambers have been designed as Large "leathers", the first end of which has been placed the fibrating device and the second end of the collecting means. The cross-section of the first end of the collection chamber has traditionally been smaller than second end cross section.

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Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing mineral wool fibers, wherein the aforementioned disadvantages have been minimized.

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The end purpose is to provide a collection chamber whose construction promotes a turbulence-free fiber transport through the collection chamber towards the collection means.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method by which the formation of back currents can be reduced or prevented.

These objects are achieved by a method and a device having the characteristics set out in the characterizing part of the following independent claims.

A typical collection chamber according to the present invention comprises a first end against a fibrating device which produces mineral fibers from a mineral melt, a second end against a collecting means to which the mineral fibers are transported by gas streams from the fibrating device, arranged between a first and second ends, and a roof. first and second side walls.

The cross section of the first end of the collecting chamber has a first area, and the second end cross section has a second area, which cross sections are limited by the roof, the first: and the second side wall, and a cross-section plane tangent to the lowest wheels of the horizontal fibrating device in its lower edge.

♦ ·: The collection chamber comprises a ··· ·; ** · arranged between the first and second ends. waist, the length of which is at least 100 mm and whose cross-section has a third area, which is ··· • · * · not more than 10% larger than the first area and smaller than the second area.

A typical process according to the present invention comprises the following steps: T: - mineral melt is guided to a first rotating vibrating wheel in a vibrating device ϊ "comprising at least two vibrating wheels, - mineral melt is thrown from the casing surface of the first rotating wheel to the second rotating wheel casing surface, and from there, successively to the possible reel M '30 casing surfaces, "" - mineral melt is formed into mineral fibers at the rotating fibrillation wheels; - the shaped mineral fibers are deflated from the fibrating wheel of the vibrating device by means of fiber-blowing means against a collecting means through a collecting chamber comprising a first end to the fibrating device, which first end has a first area, a second end to the collecting means, which second end has a second area, the first and second ends a roof, a first and a second side wall, which with a cross-sectional plane tangent to the lowest wheel of the fibrous device at its lower edge limits the first and second areas, and - the formation of back currents in the collecting chamber is reduced by a waist arranged between the first and second ends, the length of which is at least 100 mm and whose cross section has a third area which is at most 10% larger than the first area and 10 smaller than the second area.

It has now surprisingly been found that by forming the collecting chamber between the fibrating device and the collecting means such that the collecting chamber has a waist, the back currents which rise between the collecting means and the fibrating device can be significantly reduced. The waist is a mechanical obstacle that reduces the formation of back currents between the collecting means and the vibrating device. In this way, the conditions of the fiber transport from the fibrating device become more stable and homogeneous as the flow conditions at the fibrating end of the collecting chamber become more laminar and less turbulent.

The collecting chamber is usually disposed approximately 300 - 700 mm, preferably 350 - 450 mm in front of the fibrating device, measured from the fibril: **: the nearest edge of the wheels. The first area, i.e. the cross-sectional area of the end of the collecting chamber against the fiber device is usually measured at this location.

According to one embodiment, the distance between the first end of the collecting chamber and the upper fibrating wheel of the vibrating device may be arranged shorter than the distance between the first end of the collecting chamber and the lower vibrating wheel of the vibrating device, i.e.. fibrating device is at an angle relative to the first end of the collecting chamber.

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Accordingly, according to the present invention, a waist is provided in the collecting chamber between its first and second ends, the length of which is at least 100 mm and whose cross-section has a third area which is at most 10% larger than the first area and smaller than the second. area. The waist may be provided as a duct or a thread which is located at the opening end of the collecting chamber towards the fibrating device, i.e. at the fibrating end of the collecting chamber 5. The waist thus constitutes the fiber control portion of the collection chamber. The portion of the collection chamber located between the waist and the other end may be referred to as the fiber laying portion of the collection chamber.

According to the invention, the waist has a certain length which is at least 100 mm, and its cross-section a certain area, which is always smaller than the other area. It is conceivable that the waist forms a tubular conduit, such as an air duct, through which the mineral fibers and gas streams flow from the fibrating device towards the collecting means. The upper part of the waist may be rounded, resembling a tube half. The cross-sectional area of the waist may grow slowly towards the collecting means, the slope of the waist roof and / or side walls is usually below 5 °. At the stall where the waist ends, the slope of the collection chamber roof can be much steeper, in other words, the slope of the roof after the waist is typically at least 20 °. In the puncture where the waist ends and the collection portion of the collecting chamber continues, according to one embodiment of the invention, the discontinuity point of the derivative exists.

* «•« • · «• ♦ · ··· ·: ***: The waist cross section may be smaller or equal to the first area. In other words, the waist M »cross section can also decrease towards the punk where the waist ends and where it joins the collecting chamber's fiber lay-out part. The decrease is usually relatively small, the slope of the waist roof is usually below 5 °. According to a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the waist is constantly poured over the entire waist length.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waist length can vary from about 150 mm to 1150 mm, typically between 200 - 1100 mm, more typically between 200 - 800 mm, preferably between 150 - 600 mm. According to another embodiment, the waist length varies between 400 - 1000 mm, typically between 500 - 1100 mm, more typically between 500 - 800 mm, preferably between 550 - 700 mm.

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According to one embodiment of the present invention, the waist may comprise an adjustment joint and adjusting means for changing the length of the waist. For example, adjusting means can be an overlap joint and it can be operated manually or it can be automated. Of course, when changing the length of the waist, the length of the collection chamber is simultaneously changed, whereby the distance of the vibrating device from the collecting device also changes in a corresponding way. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the fibrating device and the collecting means is usually 0.75 - 5.5 m, preferably 1.5 - 2.75 m. The distance can also be medium, 5 - 5 m, typically 2.5 - 3 m. , 5 m.

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The fiber lay-out portion of the collection chamber is usually streamlined and its ceiling may be formed at the other end arched downwardly toward the collection member. The distance between the collecting member and the end of the fiber pavement roof, i.e. the part of the roof which is closest to the surface of the collecting means can be arranged adjustable with a separate movable roof part which has been arranged in contact with the actual roof. With the movable roof part, the distance between it and the collecting means can usually be varied between 40 - 400 mm, typically between 100 - 300 mm.

: • »· • · 20 The distance between the first and second walls of the collection chamber is the inner width of the collection chamber's fiber laying part. This width is often equal to the width of the collecting member.

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• ♦ • · · • · • · tv «: ***: According to one embodiment, the waist may be formed of two mutually inclined sides and a roof. The sides and ceiling can be arched to make the waist more »·· v · * streamlined. The arching of the sides and the roof advantageously follows the external profile of the vibrating device, i.e. the shape of the vibration device • V: cross-section at the fiber wheels. In this way it is possible to reduce the amount of air which is sucked into the collection chamber from the sides of the vibrating device. Also, when this amount of air can be minimized, it does not need to be extracted from; collection chamber.

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According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the total cross-sectional area of the vibrating wheel of the vibrating device is at least 10%, preferably between 15-35%, of the waist cross-section, i.e. of the third area, where the third area is bounded by the first and second side walls, the ceiling and the intersection plane. For example, if the vibrating wheel of the vibrating device has a total cross-sectional area of 0.33 m2, the waist cross-sectional area is 2.2 m2.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a bulkhead can be connected to the fiber end of the collecting chamber. The bulkhead can be provided with a recess in which a transport means, such as a screw, can be provided. With the transport means, collected shots can be removed from the collection chamber. The possible shot catch is placed in the space between the vibrating device and the first end of the collection chamber.

In one embodiment, an air control duct can be connected to the bulkhead, the cross-section of which mainly follows the waist profile at the first end. This air control duct typically extends 50 - 600 mm away from the first end of the collection chamber, measured from the fiber wheels, from the edge: which is furthest away from the collection chamber.

Further, to the fibrating end of the collecting chamber, a connecting ··· *: ***: channel may be connected, which is the area under the fibrating device itself. Advantageously, the connection channel and collection chamber are approximately as wide, and the height of the connection channel can vary between 0.5 - 1.0 times the internal width of the collection chamber. The connection channel is advantageously arranged so that the • X: roof of the channel constitutes the platform on which the fibrating device is placed under production conditions. The tili connection channel can be returned after filtration and cooling air, which is extracted from the collection chamber via the collection device.

• · * 30 * ···. ·. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, an additional number of rollers can be arranged in the collection chamber. In the collecting chamber, for example, a first threshold roll may be provided at the joint between the floor and the collecting means, and a 9 roof roll at the joint between the fiber laying member of the collection chamber and the collecting means. If the collection means comprises two or more collection surfaces, e.g. collection drums, one or more rollers may be arranged between the collection surfaces.

Further embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the following figures wherein

Figure 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention seen from the side,

Figures 2A - 2C schematically show different embodiments of the collection chamber of the present invention seen from the side, and Figure 3 shows schematically an embodiment of the collection chamber of the present invention seen from the side,

Figure 4 shows schematically a perspective view of an embodiment of the: /: collection chamber according to the present invention.

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention. The collecting chamber 1 has been arranged between the fibrating device 2 and the collecting member 3. The collecting chamber 1 · *** '··· * has been connected to shotgun 5 for collecting possible shoots which arise during the production of mineral wool. An air control duct has been connected to shotgun 5.

The first end 1 of the collecting chamber 1 is located at a distance A in front of the vibrating device 2. With line 10, in Figure 1, the first end 1 of the collecting chamber 1 has been visualized. cross section has a first area. Line 11 • I · defines a boundary level tangent to the horizontal end of the vibration device 2's lower> # * j · 30 wheels 2 'at its lower edge. Line 12 visualizes the collection chamber 1: /: other end 1 ", whose cross-section has a second area. Line 12 tangles the collecting means 3 at the point closest to the fibrating device 2. Between a first end T and second end 1 of the collecting chamber 1, a waist 4 has been provided, the cross section of which has a third area. This third area is smaller than the 1 'area of the second end, and equal to or smaller than the 1' area of the first end. Line 13 visualizes the place where the waist 4 ends and the collection portion 6 of the collecting chamber 1 begins.

Figure 1 also shows a first threshold roll 7 at the joint between the floor and the collecting means 3. A second threshold roll 7 'has been arranged at the joint between the fiber lay-out part 6 of the collecting chamber 1 and the collecting means 3. Also connected to the connection end 10 of the collecting chamber 1 is a connection 10 , the roof of which 8 'is the platform on which the fibrating device 2 is placed.

Figure 2A shows schematically an embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention. The collecting chamber 21 has been arranged between the fibrating device 22 and the collecting means 23. To the collecting chamber 15 has been connected a shot catch 25. The first end 21 of the collecting chamber 21 is located at a distance A in front of the fibrating device 22. With line 20, the first end of the collecting chamber 21 is visualized a first area, and with line 20 ', the second end 21 of the collection chamber 21 is visualized. : whose cross section has a second area. Line 20 'tangles the collecting member 23 at point 20, which is closest to the fibrating device 22. Between the first chamber 21 of the collection chamber 21 and second end 21' is provided a waist 24, whose cross section ··· ♦ has a third area. This third area is smaller than the second end 21 'area,' · φ • and equal or smaller than the first end 21 'area. Line 20 “visualizes” ·· · the place where the waist 24 ends and the collection portion 26 25 of the collection chamber 21 begins. In Figure 2A, the cross-section of the waist 24 is constantly poured the entire length X of the waist 24.

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Figure 2B shows schematically another embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention. Numbering and parts shown in Figure 2B

* ·: *** · corresponds to numbering and parts in Figure 2A. The waist 24 cross section is smaller than other ···

30 end area, and equal to or greater than first end 21 area. In Figure 2B

However, *: decreases the cross-section of waist 24 towards the fiber lay-out portion 26.

Figure 2C shows schematically an embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention. Numbering and parts shown in Figure 2C correspond to numbering and parts in Figures 2A and 2B. However, the cross-section of the waist 24 is smaller than the area of the second end 21 ', and the same size or smaller than the area of the first end 21'. In Figure 2C 5, however, the cross-section of the waist 24 grows towards the fiber lay-out part 26, in other words the roof 24 'of the waist 24 an angle a with an imaginary horizontal line.

Figure 3 shows schematically an embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention. Collection chamber 31 is provided between the fibrating device 32 and the collecting member 33, and between the first end 31 'and second end 31 of the collection chamber 31 is provided a waist 34, whose cross-section is poured substantially constant over the entire waist length. A shot catch 35. A threshold roll 37 has also been connected to the collection chamber 31 at the joint between the floor 38 of the collection chamber 31 and collection means 33. Dashed lines show approximately the length of the suction surface 33 of the collection means.

Figure 3 shows how a waist 34 prevents flow of fiberglass streams 9 from the collecting member 33 towards the fibrating device 32. The gas streams towards the * *: V · 20 fibrating device 33 are prevented by the roof 36 'of the collecting chamber 31 * ·: the fiber dispensing member 36. The waist 34 is a mechanical obstacle. , which blocks the ··· ·:] **: the flow of the currents 9 back into the fibrating device 32.

T: • • · · * · · ··· ·! **: A separate movable roof portion 40 is provided in the ceiling end 36 "of the filing portion 36 of the collecting chamber 31, with the ceiling portion 40 allowing the distance between the · ·· v: roof end 36" and the collecting means 33 is varied. The roof portion 40 may be provided

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· * ... · * movable til example by means of an overlap. Behind the roof part 40 there is provided a: Y: sealing means 41.1, the end 41 'of the sealing member 41 has a flap member 42.

: ***: The flap member 42 is usually made of rubber or some similar material, and it has been provided movable. The position of the flap member 42 is affected by the pressure that raises in the ···: collection chamber 31. If the pressure in the collection chamber is optimal, the position of the flap member is straight. If a negative pressure rises in the collection chamber, the flap means is sucked against the collection chamber and the vibrating device. If a 12 overpressure rises in the collection chamber, the flap means is pressed away from the collection chamber and the vibrating device. Thus, the position of the flap member can be used under certain conditions to indicate pressure conditions in the collection chamber. Pressure conditions in the equalization chamber 43 are regulated by regulating the distance between the collecting means 33 and the roof end 36 ". By regulating the pressure conditions, the structure of the collected primary mat can be affected, since roll-ups and tuber formation can be minimized. There, a primary mat with reduced density variations is obtained.

Figure 4 shows schematically a perspective view of one embodiment of the collection chamber according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the collection means is comprised of two collection drums 53, 53 '. Collection chamber 51 has been arranged between the fibrating device 52 and the collecting drums 53, 53 '. A waist 54, whose cross-section is poured substantially constantly over the entire waist length 15, is arranged between the first end 51 'of the collection chamber 51 and the second end 51'. The tili collection chamber 51 has also been connected to a shot catch 55. The mineral fibers are collected on the collection surfaces of the rotating collection drums 53, 53 'and removed from the collection chamber 51 in the form of two. : primary fiber mats 56, 56 ', comprising mineral fibers and adhesives which have been applied to the fibers by fibrating device 52 or in the collecting chamber 51.

***: Collection chambers according to the present invention are well suited to use n * • with a fibrating device with a high fiber production capacity. Such fibrating devices have been described, for example, in Finnish patent applications Fl 20011561 and Fl 20011562. When a collection chamber according to the present invention is used in conjunction with a high capacity fibrating device, turbulence-free conditions in the collection chamber can be guaranteed even if the produced chamber is produced. is • a · * '*: large. In this way, fiber orientation in the primary fiber mat can also be improved.

* ·· 30. ·! : Although the invention has been described with reference to what can currently be considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is understood that the invention is not to be limited to the above-described 13 embodiments, but is intended to include various modifications and equivalent technical solutions within the scope of the appended claims.

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Claims (11)

A collecting chamber for the production of mineral fibers, the collecting chamber (1) having a first end (1 ') towards the defibrator system (2), the defibrator system (2) producing mineral fibers from a mineral melt, - a second end (1 ") towards the collecting member (3), to which the mineral fibers are conveyed by the gas flows from the defibrator system (2) to the collecting means (3), - a 10th roof arranged between the first and second ends (1 1 ''), and - a first and second side wall. a first surface area, and the second end (1 ”) has a cross-sectional area delimited by a ceiling, a first and a second side wall, and a cross-sectional plane horizontally tangential to the lower periphery (2 ') of the fiberizing system (2); , characterized in that the collection chamber comprises a web arranged between the first and second ends (1 ', 1'). (4) with a length of 100 mm or more and a cross section of • · • y. 20 a third area which is at most 10% larger than the first area • »•; * · and smaller than the second area. «· · ··· • · •» ···: 2. A collecting chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the third surface area is equal to or less than the first surface area. 25 y '· * A collecting chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the web · »· (4) has a constant cross-section along the length of the web. • m • · · <· · • · A collection chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the total cross-sectional area of the defibrator rings of the te # 30 fiberizer system (2) is at least 10%, preferably 15-35%, of the third area. , 18 A collecting chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the web (4) has a length of 150 to 1150 mm, preferably 200 to 1100 mm. The collecting chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the first end (1 ') of the collecting chamber (1) is arranged about 300 to 550 mm, preferably 350 to 450 mm, in front of the defibrator system (2). A collecting chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the web (4) comprises an adjusting joint and an adjusting member for changing the length of the web (4). 10 A collecting chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting chamber (1) comprises a movable roof part (40), wherein the distance between the roof edge of the collecting chamber (1) and the collecting member (3) is varied between 40 and 400 mm. 15 A method of making mineral wool comprising: - introducing a mineral melt in a defibrator system (2) comprising at least two annulus rings to a first rotatable annulus annulus; * · The diaphragm surfaces of the following peripherals, ·· * · - the mineral melt is formed into mineral fibers by rotating defibrillators, IM - the mineral fibers formed from the defibrator shells of the defibrator system (2) through fiber collection means (1) towards - the first end (1 ') facing the defibrator system (2) having • M · * ... · * the first surface (1') having a first surface area, iY: - the second end (1 ') facing the collecting member (3); ) with one over the other (1 ") • · i *" between the second surface area, M 30 of the first and second end (A, 1 "), ceilings, and the first and second ••• · S.. : side wall which, together with a sectional plane which horizontally touches the lower periphery (2 ') of the defibrator system (2) at its lower edge, delimits the first and second surface areas, p19, characterized in that counter current flows into the collecting chamber (1) 1, 1 ”) with a web (4) of at least 100 mm in length and having a third surface area of up to 10% 5 larger than the first surface area and smaller than the second surface area. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the length of the web (4) is varied by means of an adjusting connection and an adjusting member. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the distance between the roof edge of the collecting chamber (1) and the collecting element (3) is varied between 100 and 300 mm using a movable roof plate. . ·. : • II • · t · t · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • il • m:: • • e «• 9 • 99 • 99« · • Il • · • · • M 9 9 • 99 • mi: 1 · 1 '• Il ·.