FI117902B - Basic construction for a paper or cardboard machine or equivalent - Google Patents

Description

117902

Paper or board machine or similar foundation solution

The invention relates to a foundation solution for a paper or board machine or the like according to the preamble of claim 1.

Fiber web machines, particularly paper and board machines, have various parts and equipment, such as post-processing equipment such as calendars, which are needed to polish and smooth the surface of the paper web. There are many different types of paper or board machine parts and devices, such as calendars, depending on the surface quality desired for the web and the intended use of the web. When operating a part / device of a paper or board machine, such as a calender, it is important that the support to the building and especially to the ground beneath it is as stable as possible both dynamically and statically. Dynamic stability in this context means that no disturbing dynamic excitation is transmitted through the soil and that the damping properties of the soil are stable and, with static stability, the soil carries its shape while maintaining its loads. One of the major problems in prior art applications has been to provide a foundation sufficiently stable due to unfavorable or unknown soil conditions. Unstable support causes problems eg. in that driving situation *.:. * annoying vibrations occur and may result in a permanent change of support position.

A problem with paper or board machines known in the art is • ·; It has also been the case that, when different parts / devices are supported on the same foundation, the vibrations of 25 different parts / devices may have created a combination of vibrations, which may have resulted in periodic or chaotic vibration behavior of the whole machine.

In the prior art, reference may be made to European Patent Publication EP 0 972 879,. 30 showing a calender arrangement for paper or similar material ··· *. for loans, the calender comprising a body, supported at its lower part, having at least five rolls attached to the body, the rolls forming nipples between them, and having the axes of the rolls at the same level as extends approximately parallel to the body, which common plane is inclined to the horizontal, wherein, in addition to the lower support surface, there is an upper support surface for supporting the lower bearing surface 5 fixed to the building and the upper bearing surface fixed to the building. However, this known solution cannot solve the above-mentioned problems of calendering due to unfavorable or unknown soil conditions, since the calendar attachment is fixed both dynamically and statically.

10

As is known in the art, oscillations of paper / board machine parts / devices exhibit, for example, vibrations at 20 Hz, which, in high structures, such as multi-roll calendars, causes premature fatigue of structures and, at worst, process malfunctions and breakages.

It is known in the art to solve this problem by installing passive dampers on the upper part of a high construction part of a paper or board machine tuned to a certain desired frequency, typically 7 ... 9 Hz. This arrangement is intended to control the part / device of the paper or board machine itself. frequency machine-directional vertical oscillation • · · ·· * · 20 ly, but it has not succeeded in comprehensively controlling oscillations.

The cost of making the soil and foundations favorable has been high.

* · · '· As machine speeds increase, foundation requirements for foundation • · • · · M: traditional machine attachment will further increase construction costs.

• * · 25

The object of the invention is to provide a foundation solution for a fiber web machine, such as a paper or board machine, which eliminates or at least minimizes the drawbacks of prior art arrangements. The object of the invention is to create a paper Λ! or a cardboard machine or similar foundation solution where the unfavorable or unfamiliar • ·. ·· *. Problems with soil conditions in 30 towers with sufficiently stable reading can be eliminated, or at least minimized, dynamically and statically.

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It is also an object of the invention to provide a foundation solution that takes vibrations in a comprehensive manner.

It is an object of the invention to provide a foundation solution which, in a cost-effective and structurally simple manner, enables the oscillation of the part / device itself to be controlled.

In order to achieve the foregoing and further objects, the basic design 10 of the paper or board machine or the like according to the invention is essentially characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The foundation solution of the paper or board machine or the like according to the invention is implemented by laying a foundation on a massive solid substrate, for example a concrete slab. The massive substrate is preferably concrete steel, which in its material composition may be damping material and its weight is, for example, twice that of a paper or board machine or similar part or device, for example a calendar, depending on the static carrying capacity of the soil. A massive substrate is one that forms the basis of a paper or board machine part or device for a resting mass that does not itself contain excitement. The platform, in turn, is supported • · ·.

* ··· * with a mobile connection to the building foundation. Moving coupling allows * ··· * horizontal and vertical movement, with static alignment vertically • · • «· -! ·! · Elements controlled by the hydraulic actuators in the potassium direction. Moving • · · · #: Provides the paper / board machine part / device to be held in the desired position, even if there are changes in the foundation, such as uneven indentation. Adjusting the Dynamic Damping Used in the Invention • ·; based on vibration detection and minimization of vibration of a paper / board machine component / device, such as a calender, using a viscose damping kit: * ·, · change in grain properties. The spring and dampers used in connection with the invention; 30 The dynamic properties of the elements are adjustable and adjustable to dampen the • ·· vibration of the calender.

• · · · φ • · · · · 4 117902 5

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the different parts / devices of a fiber web machine, for example a paper or board machine, each or desired, are made on their own separate base according to the invention, thus eliminating possible interactions of vibrations of different parts / devices.

5

Preferably, a lower absorber is used in connection with the invention, wherein the lower absorber cylinders are typically four, at least three, located at the corners of a massive substrate or foundation plate. The lower damper cylinders lock the plate mechanically when the machine alignment is complete. Below or on top of the lower silencer cylinder there are 10 spring elements whose spring constant is adjusted to be in a supercritical range when driving. The spring element may be metallic or it may contain elastomer and gas, whereby the spring constant may be changed by the pressure of the gas. In addition, the lower damper arrangement includes a modifiable viscoelastic energy dissipating damper that is adjusted to minimize travel speed and measured dynamic motion.

In connection with the invention, the deflection is preferably corrected by means of a hydraulic cylinder so that a part / device of a paper or board machine, for example a calender, reaches its original mounting position. When the position is reached, the cylinder is locked mechanically • * ·. · · 20. The positioning is done using standard leveling measurements. The static ϊ, · .ϊ position can be monitored, for example, by laser sensing.

Preferably, the invention provides for improved control of overall oscillation, e.g. specially designed to control the vibration generated by the machine (calender) itself, by: [l 25 incorporating semi-active pulp dampers for the vessel, including spontaneous horizontal and vertical oscillations of a paper / board machine component / device | lings are controlled and vibrations are comprehensively controlled.

• · · ·· '. · • · ....

• · ·, · *: In connection with the invention, a substrate with varying stiffness K is mounted on the substrate. A 30-inch semi-active mass suppressor whose variable stiffness is typically achieved by a pneumatic spring element. The operation of the mass suppressor is based on the fact that the mass attached to the spring and the damping oscillates at its resonant frequency at an opposite phase to the excitation at its same frequency in its substrate. The resonance frequency of the spring-damper-mass system is simplified as follows: 5 '· _ fres = Vk / m Hz where K is the stiffness (spring constant) (kg / s2) m is the vibrating mass (kg) 10

The damping should be reasonably small to allow the resonance movement of the semi-active dampener to occur, but sufficient that the damping device does not fail. The vibration damaging the substrate is converted into dissipation heat in the damping element.

15 For horizontal installation, the above equation can be written:

fres = Vg / S HZ

Where g is the earth's gravitational acceleration (m / s2) • · *; 20 s is the deflection due to mass m in the spring (m) ** ··.

In this case, the resonant frequency is tuned by adjusting the slope s.

* · * • · • · ·: The first equation and low-friction * * * * 25 pull-out suspension are used for vertical damping; similarly, a prestressed * · * passive spring can be mounted in parallel with the adjusting spring. The foundation solution according to the invention: a great deal of advantages are obtained because, due to the mobile connection of the foundation, the color • · * ·. ** ·. It is easier to manage and, in addition, it is possible to operate at a cheaper soil construction • · · * ·. *. costs when facing problematic soil types. Thus, by means of the invention, i. faster and simpler building construction. In addition, your paper / board machine part / appliance may be moved to a new location • · · **** '.

* · ** · 't 117902 6 easier, where the advantage is achieved especially when the new installation site is different from the previous site.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawing 5, however, the details of which are not intended to be narrowly limited.

Figure 1 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a foundation solution according to the invention in connection with a system calendar.

10

Figures 2A-2C schematically illustrate spring and damping element arrangements used in connection with the foundation solution of the invention.

Figure 3 schematically illustrates one embodiment of a depressor used in connection with the invention.

Figure 4 schematically shows an embodiment of a mobile coupling for use in connection with the invention.

* ♦ • 1 · · "· 20 Figure 5 schematically illustrates an embodiment of a * * 1 **" * adjustable control device used in connection with the invention.

• · ···. >>: Figure 6 schematically illustrates the system frequency offset and the ground and: foundation / part of a supported paper or board machine. ,! -: 25

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the control circuitry for dissipating sudden shocks due to ground · · · · · with a dilution element.

8A and 8B schematically illustrate an embodiment of the invention; ***: 30 for use as a semi-active mass suppressor for damping horizontal and vertical oscillations.

* ·· 1 · · 117902 7

According to Figure 1, the calender 10 comprises six calender rolls 11 in the embodiment shown in the figure. Calendering nips N located between the calender rollers 11 are mounted on the body 15. The vertical bar bundle 16 of the body 15 of the calender 10 is supported by an inclined beam 12 on a base 20 arranged in a massive support 5 underneath a movable coupling comprising the height compensation elements 21 comprising the spring 22 and the damping element 23. The damping and height compensation elements 21 are in turn fixed to the floor 30 of the building.

Fig. 2A schematically illustrates the main features of the foundation solution according to the invention in which damping and leveling elements 21 and spring elements 22 are located beneath the massive support 20, which comprises gas cavities 24, the pressure of which can be changed to change the spring constant.

Figure 2B shows a structure in which the damping is effected by means of a magnetorheological fluid 25. Reference numeral 26 denotes adjustable magnets which dampen according to the formula Bay, i.e. the flux density is directly proportional to the damping.

As shown in Figure 2C, the damping force F is directly proportional to the friction damping, according to the formula F ay.

• * · • * • · · * ♦ ♦ ·· ♦ ·.

•. *. Fig. 3 schematically illustrates an application of a lower attenuator. Typically, there are four, at least three, cylinders 23 of the absorber • · ♦ «21, located at the corners of a massive * · · 25 base 20, i.e. the base plate. Plate 23 of cylinders 23 of lower absorber 21: locked mechanically when machine alignment is complete. Lower Silencer 21 Cylinder · * · ·. * * *. beneath or on top of the blade 23 there is a spring element 22, the spring constant of which is adjusted such that • * «. are driving in a supercritical area. The spring element 22 may be metallic • · · * · · *. • · · · * ♦ 117902 8 other fluid can be used instead of gas.

According to Fig. 4, in connection with the invention, the depression is preferably offset by a hydraulic roller cylinder 23 so that a part / device of a paper or board machine, for example a calender, reaches its original mounting position. When the position has been reached, the cylinder is mechanically locked by locking 33. The positioning is performed using conventional leveling measurements. The position can be monitored, for example, by laser sensing to minimize vibration using a change in the frictional properties of the viscose attenuator.

Figure 5 schematically shows an embodiment of a control arrangement for use in connection with the invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vibration shift between soil and paper / board machine part / device, with springs adjusting the system dominant critical frequency Wtr well below the running frequency W ^ ehe, and using a small attenuator when calender running conditions are normal. If the system; # · Φ falls into the resonance range or below the critical frequency, a higher power • • · · "V 20 pass, using the formula ·· * '• · · ···, ·· * · ♦ ^ ··· - - * *

: :: Wkr «K

··· · V

• · N

l.l l malusta by mkalantcri • · · • · 25.

• · kuv · φ * ". * As shown in Fig. 7, sudden ground shocks (earthquake) dissipate • · φ φ *: * is suppressed by the damping element 21, i.e. the damping Δρ is added by the control system 41. In addition, • ··· φ * · .. * 30 can be adjusted via the control system 41 to provide a constant constant Ak, whereby the resonant frequency of the system *: * can be shifted to a more controllable range.

φ # · 9 117902

In the embodiments of the invention shown in Figs. 8A and 8B, a semi-active mass suppressor 50 with variable stiffness K, the variable stiffness of which is typically achieved by a pneumatic spring element. The operation of the mass suppressor 50 is based on the well-known fact that the mass 51 associated with the spring 51 and the damping oscillates at its resonant frequency in an opposite phase to the excitation at its same frequency in its substrate 30. Spring 51 - damper 52 - mass 20 The resonance frequency of the system is defined as follows: io fres - VK / m Hz where K is the stiffness (spring constant) (kg / s2) m is the oscillating mass (kg) 15 The damping should be reasonably small, for the resonant movement of the semi-active attenuator to occur, but it is sufficient that the attenuator does not fail. The vibration damaging the substrate is converted into dissipation heat in the damping element.

,, For horizontal installation, the above equation can be positioned: • * * • Il · '·. · 20 _! ···: fres = Vg / S Hz • t * • · • · · · ·; Where g is the gravitational acceleration of the earth (ra / s2): s is the displacement of mass m in the spring (m) • * · ·: ** ·: 25 ··· Then the resonance frequency of the mass absorber is tuned by adjusting the displacement •.

8A and 8B, in one embodiment of the semi-actuated mass damping device used in connection with the invention, the adjustable spring 50 consists of i · 7 at its simplest, an elastomer 51 having a fluid-filled ( fluid = fluid) chamber 52. The pressure of chamber 52 affects the spring assembly »·

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117902 10 and the desired resonance frequency based on the above equations. This spring structure 50 includes dissipative damping; dissipative damping can be increased by adding a mass of fluid, for example water to air. In the figure, the vibrating mass, i.e. the massive substrate according to the invention, is denoted by reference numeral 20 and is connected by means of a spring 50 to the floor 30 or a similar building foundation 30.

The invention has been described above with reference only to some preferred embodiments thereof, the details of which, however, are not intended to be limited in any way.

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Claims (10)

117902 A foundation solution of a paper or board machine or the like supporting a part or device of a paper or board machine comprising a Ringon (15) with which part / device means are supported, for example rolls (11), which part / device ( 10) is supported in the building (30), characterized in that the part / device (10) is supported on a solid massive support (20) and that said support (20) is supported by a movable connection (21) on the building foundations (30) and (20) is a concrete slab, a combination of steel and concrete, and the slab contains greater internal damping 10 than monolithic steel. Foundation solution according to Claim 1, characterized in that the movable coupling forms the damping and height adjustment elements (21) of the base (20) and that the coupling comprises spring and damping elements (22,23). / 15 A foundation solution according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring element (22) is connected to the height compensation element and that the spring element (22) is tunable so as to operate within the driving range of the paper / board machine part / device. 20 * · · * ... 1 2 A foundation solution according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a semi-active mass suppressor (50) is arranged in connection with the vessel (20). : ·· To reduce vertical and vertical vibration. • · · • · A foundation solution according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the damping element (21; 50) has adjustable damping properties. • · • · • · 1 * 1 · • 1 Foundation according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dynamic properties of the spring and damping elements (22, 23) are adjustable by the control system (2). 41). • · · • • • 117902 7. A foundation solution according to claim 6, characterized in that the control system comprises measurement and data of a part / device of a paper or board machine, actuator-adjustable dampers and spring elements, and a control algorithm which minimizes the vibration measured from the calender. 5 The foundation solution according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device in connection with which the foundation solution is arranged is a press, dryer, coating device, calender, cutter or roller. Foundation solution according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the different parts / devices of the paper or board machine or the like is supported by a separate foundation solution. Foundation solution according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the different parts / devices of the paper or board machine or the like are each supported by a separate foundation solution. • · · * 1 Φ * · 1 · «· 1 • · · · · · 1 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·renren - rates · • · · * · * 1 • · · • ... '. · 1 · • · «« · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ··· Il 117902 Patcntkrav