FI109265B - Harvester head and method in it - Google Patents

Description

109265

Harvester head and method in it - Harvesterhuvud och et förfarande i det-samma

The invention relates to a harvester head according to the preamble of the independent claims below and to a method at a harvester head for treating wood for harvesting on a harvester head.

In modern mechanical harvesting, harvester heads are commonly used, which are mounted on various base machines. The harvester head works by grasping the trunk of the felled tree near the ground and by the cutting device in the harvester head 10, most often by a chain saw to cut the tree. Harvester heads can also be used for pre-felled trees. The felled body is fed through the harvester head so that various blades or other similar members therein prune and / or peel the body and the cutting device cuts it into logs of suitable length. The harvester head is coupled to a chassis machine, for example a forestry or excavator, where it is powered by the transmission means. Control of harvester head functions and recording of measurement data can be arranged in different ways, usually by means of a computer-based harvesting head measurement and control system. An important part of the efficient and accurate operation of the harvester head is the measurement of the cutting length of the wood to be treated, i.e. the feeding distance of the wood. Precise measuring devices and 20 harvester head-informing devices enable them to be cut to the desired size, while maintaining an accurate register of e.g. the amount of felled and treated wood.

Typically, the harvester head is attached to a hydraulically operated boom on the chassis. The harvester head members are generally hydraulic or electric and are connected to the hydraulic and electric fracturing systems of the chassis. The chassis operator usually controls and adjusts the harvester head functions from the chassis cab. by means of control handles connected to said measuring and control system or to 2 109265 which in turn are connected to the electrical and hydraulic system of the chassis machine.

At the harvester end, the wood is fed, or moved, by means of various support and feeding means 5. They are usually hydraulic or motor-driven rollers, wheels, or rolls, which are shaped to maintain a good grip on the wood frame, for example by means of various tines, ribs, or chains. For the purposes of this text, a forced roller or other member means a member whose rotation is controlled by a motor. Freely rotating means a member whose rotation is not controlled by a motor but is adapted to rotate according to the movement of the wood involved. At least a portion of said support and feed members must be movable relative to one another in order to obtain the handle to be harvested in the harvester head. Normally, the harvester heads are cone-shaped, whereby when the tree is grasped, the grapple is opened and placed around the tree trunk 15. When the body is conveniently located within the harvester head, the grapple is closed, usually by moving hydraulically movable support, feed or other engaging means. Such a grip, for example hydraulically controlled, of the supporting and feeding members can influence the contact between said members and the tree trunk. For example, a slick or large diameter tree trunk can: 20 be pressed with slightly more force than a smaller or very sturdy tree to *. ·: Adequate grip. When the trunk is thus captured, it is made movable at its harvester head in its own longitudinal direction, along its transfer path; '. wood feeders connected to the tree trunk. This allows the wood to move through the harvester at the same time as the various processing means connected to the harvester head, such as pruning material, perform the pruning. Feeding members must be kept; '\': Usually can be used in both directions as the wood does not always come in a single treatment.:. for example, sufficiently pruned or peeled.

! I I>. ·: ·. It is known in the harvester head to measure the distance traveled by the tree in different ways.

For example, it is known to measure the rotation of hydraulically movable forced feed rollers or rollers 3 109265. However, when measuring the rotation of the drive roller or roller, empty rotation of the roller or roller or skidding of the wood will cause measurement error. This is due, for example, to the slippery surface of the wood, the loose bark of the wood, or too low a clamping force between the feeder and the surface of the wood 5.

It is also known to place a measuring sensor on a freely rotating measuring wheel mounted on the harvester head body. In this case, its clamping force and thus its grip relative to the wood frame cannot be effectively adjusted during the handling of the frame, since the 10 gauge wheels may, for example, only be pressed against the frame by a spring or a hydraulic cylinder. In such a system, the contact between the gauge wheel and the wood frame may even be completely lost at times, for example due to a curved wood frame. Such gauges are also susceptible to clogging by bark and other debris. If the gauge wheel or the like becomes clogged, it must be cleaned to ensure its rotation. The gauge fixed to the harvester head is usually not cleaned without removing the wood being treated from the grip of the harvester head. It takes a lot of time. In some cases, such as when working on a slope, the grip cannot be removed. Specially ; · ': Risk of clogging when handling wood with a very loose bark, such as this; '·· 20 peeling hardwood trees like eucalyptus.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which minimizes the problems mentioned in the prior art mentioned above.

The above drawbacks are overcome and the objectives defined above are achieved: T: The harvester head and method of the harvester head according to the invention, which are characterized in what is defined in the independent parts of the independent claims · · · ·:

4, 109265

The device and method according to the invention are characterized in that the harvester head body of the log splitter has at least two support feeders for the wood to be processed, by means of which the treated wood is moved longitudinally at the harvester head. Feeding means moving the wood to be treated at the harvester end 5, and supporting and feeding means the means by which said longitudinal transfer is accomplished. These support and feed members may be, for example, support and feed rollers, wheels or rollers. The substantially straight path along which the tree travels at the harvester head is called the tree path. Said at least two supporting and feeding means are disposed on different sides of the wood transfer path to support the wood 10 evenly. Preferably, at least some of the support and feed members are located in substantially the same plane transverse to said transport path. Of course, not all the bodies need to be in the same mentioned plane and there may be several mentioned planes, but the organs arranged across the transfer path must support the wood evenly so that the wood remains straight when processed. At least one of said support and feeding means 15 is forced and at least one is freely rotatable. A force-driven member is needed to transmit the force to propel the wood, preferably at least two of these force-driven members. There may also be more than one rotating member. At least one of the freely rotating support and feed members is provided with some kind of revolution counter, i.e. it acts as a measuring device for the displacement of the wood I * ·· 20. By revolution counter is meant any v: measuring element capable of measuring the distance traveled by a surface facing the wood of the member. Of course, the harvester head of the invention also requires power transmission means, such as a hydraulic or electric motor, for operating said at least 4 · · 1 forced-wood support and feed means.

. ·: ·. 25: * Γ: The device according to the invention further comprises means for said supports.:. the feeding means, or at least some of them, may be displaced relative to one another, i.e. the mutual distance between them may be changed. This mechanism allows. ·: *. grabbing the harvester head to the tree trunk and squeezing the tree trunk at a desired intensity. Thus, the freely rotating measuring wheel or the like in the harvester head 5109265 according to the invention is arranged as part of the grapple-like structure of the harvester head.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that, if desired, the support and feeder means having a revolution counter can be moved separately from some other support and feeder means of wood. That is, the gauge wheel or the like can be detached from the surface of the wood and again pressed against the wood while at least one other support and feed member holds the wood to be treated. Such a rotary counter member may be adapted to be moved entirely by itself, or, for example, all supporting and feeding members in one and the same plane may be detached from the surface of the wood at the same time, while the other plane members are held.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one force driven and at least one free rotating measuring wheel or the like are arranged in substantially the same plane transverse to the transport path of the wood to be treated.

One preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the distance adjusting members of the wood support and: feeders or the power transmission means for the use of: 20 feeders, or both, are * I · * * * '· * * hydraulically driven.

In the harvester head according to the invention, the freely rotatable rotating counter means may be detachable from the harvester head and thus be exchanged with another corresponding support and feed member.

tl · <· ·,:. In the preferred harvester head according to the invention, the revolution counter has a pulse sensor: '': or some other sensor measuring the distance traveled.

6 109265

A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises communication means for transmitting revolution counter measurement data to, for example, a measuring device in a logging machine.

The main advantage of the invention is that the measurement of the feed distance of the wood and hence of the cutting length is accurate when the measurement result truly represents the distance traveled by the wood and not the rotation of the forced member. Accuracy is also facilitated by the fact that the force exerted by the freely rotating measuring member on the wood frame to be treated can be adjusted to suit the particular situation 10, if necessary. Preferably, the wood feeders and organ moving members of the invention operate hydraulically.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention has the advantage that cleaning of the measuring wheel or the like, for example, from the bark of the wood is easy and quick, since the said members can be moved separately from some or all other supporting and feeding members of the wood. Such a gauge wheel or the like is easy to clean and normally self-cleaning by releasing the member from the surface of the wood while the other supporting and feeding members hold the wood at the harvester end. After cleaning, the measuring wheel or the like is pushed back against the wood and the work can be: * · 20 continued. The measuring wheel or the like according to the invention can easily be made *. · * Larger in diameter than the measuring wheel fixed to the harvester head body, thereby improving its dimensional accuracy and not so easily blocking the debris.

li ». ; ·. An advantageous embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the wood stays sufficiently T: straight when at least one forced and at least one free rotating measuring wheel or the like is arranged substantially in the same plane transverse to the transport path of the wood being processed.

i i »• · 7 109265

An advantageous embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the freely rotating tachometer member can be easily and quickly removed from the harvester head for maintenance or replacement when needed, for example in the event of a break. The freely rotating member may also be replaced, if desired, with a suitable forced-action member 5.

In one embodiment, the advantage is the accuracy of the measurement and the ease of forwarding the measurement data it provides when the revolution counter has a pulse sensor, an inductive switch pair, a tachometer or the like.

10

An advantageous embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the length measurement data of the distance traveled by the wood to be processed can be processed in a versatile, fast and accurate manner, since the embodiment comprises Uedon transmitting means for transmitting revolution counter measurement data to a measuring and control device.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 shows a partially cut v * end view of a harvester head according to the invention, illustrated in the direction of the conveyance path of the wood to be treated.

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Figure 1 shows a preferred harvester head according to the invention in its operating position of 10 L ·. In the figure, the harvester head 10 is shown in a partially cut-away end view in the direction of the trajectory of the wood 12 to be processed, so that the tree 12 is shown in cross section. The harvester head 10 has a body 14, the first hydraulically. a forced-acting wood support and feed roller 16, a freely rotatable wood counting wheel 20 with a rotational counter 18 and a wood support point 22 integral with the frame 14. The members 16 and 20 are arranged substantially in the same plane transverse to the sides so that 8 109265 wood to be processed 12 is supported from multiple directions. In addition, the harvester head 10 is provided with a second forced support and feed roller 24, which, if necessary, also peel the wood 12 with debarking means. There may be several similar members 16, 20, 22 and 24 means 16 and 20. The figure further illustrates the means for controlling the movement of the support and supply means 16 and 20, i.e. the distance between them, the hydraulic means 26 and the stabilizer bar 28, if desired to float arms 30 and 32. when the arm 32 is moved, the first forced support and feed roller 16 of the wood 10 also floats therein. This is not necessary in the harvester head 10 according to the invention, but the measuring roller 20 may have its own independent positioning controls 26 and 28. The second forced roller 24 shown in the example of the figure . The roller 24 of the example can thus be floated with respect to the wood 12 to be treated, independently of the supporting and feeding means 16 and 20. The figure also shows the one used to rotate the first forced roller 16; , a hydraulic motor 34 and a second forced roller 24 rotating: a hydraulic motor 36. The second forced roller 24 and its drive motor 36 are: supported on the frame 14 by a support structure 38. Of course, the abovementioned supports:: the feeding means, or the means for moving and / or operating them, may of course be more. In addition, the harvester head 10 is generally provided with other elements not shown herein, such as various blades, saws, sensors or wood marking devices, and equipment for felling wood.

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The harvester head 10 is secured to a suitable base machine, for example an excavator, by means of various connectors and / or fastening means known per se.

•> ·. Further, the hydraulically actuating members of the harvester head 10 are hydraulically connected to the hydraulic system of their base machine in a manner known per se.

9 109265

The chassis machine or the couplings, attachment means or hydraulic means connecting it to the harvester head are not shown in this figure. Also, the figure does not show the data transmission means preferably arranged in the harvester head 10 according to the invention, such as electric wires, along which the measuring signal from the pulse sensor or the like 5 comprised in the revolution counter 18 is transmitted to a measuring and control device.

The preferred harvester head 10 according to the invention shown in Figure 1 operates as follows. The harvester head 10 is opened by guiding the members 26 and 28 so that the arms 30 10 and 32 pivot and at the same time pivot the support and feed members 16 and 20 away from each other, i.e. away from the transport path of the wood to be treated. Similarly, the support structure 38 is rotated such that the roller 24 also moves away from the transport path of the wood 12. The newly opened harvester head 10 is moved around a still standing, or already felled, tree 12, and by guiding members 26, 28, 30, 32 and 38 in the opposite direction 15, closes the harvester head 10 to a desired position, i.e., members 16, 20 and 24 are pressed against . The trunk of uncut wood 12 is cut by means of a cutting saw at harvester head 10. The cutting saw is not shown in the figure. When the tree 12 is cut, the harvester head 10, and the handle 12 to be processed, are turned to the working position, i.e. generally with the body 12 to be treated substantially parallel to the ground, in practice generally horizontal. The hydraulic member 28 adjusts to the desired force by which the support and feed members 16 and 20 push the tree frame. In this way, the gripping grip between the supporting and feeding members 16 and 20 and the v * tree 12 can be adjusted to suit each situation. Similarly, the roller 24 is pressed against the tree trunk 12.

Y .. '25 The wood 12 to be processed is moved in its longitudinal direction, i.e. along its path of movement! using hydraulic motors 34 and 36 adapted to rotate the wood support and feed rollers 16 and 24. The surfaces of the rolls 16 and 24 are shaped to receive; . a grip of the tree 12 so that as the roller 16 and 24 rotate, the tree 12 moves. The gauge roller 20, which is freely rotatable 30, and the support point 22 10 109265, fixedly mounted on the frame 14, hold the wood frame 12 in a straight line with the feed rollers 16 and 24 acting on the wood 12 from different sides. At the same time, the revolution counter 18 fitted on the measuring roll 20 and its pulse sensor or the like provide information on the rotational movement of the measuring roll 20, i.e. the wood 12 to be treated. from the distance traveled to a measuring device located on the chassis machine, the data processed by which 5 controls and adjusts the functions of the harvester head 10. For example, the results of the revolution counter 18 can be combined with data from other sensors, such as a wood thickness sensor, to calculate, for example, the volume of treated wood. In the example of Figure 1, the wood 12 to be treated is to be peeled so that the feed rollers 16 and 24 release the bark as they feed through the harvester head. The example in the figure shows only one larger feed roller 24 and one smaller roller 16 for stripping the tree trunk 12. Not always stripping can be done in a single operation, but the wood 12 often has to be transported back and forth several times at harvester head 10, so the hydraulic motors 34 and 36 must work both ways.

15

When the wood to be treated 12 has been processed as desired, the harvester head 10 is opened by guiding the members 26 and 28 so that the arms 30 and 32 pivot and pivot the supports. . the feed means 16 and 20 being spaced apart, i.e. away from the transport path of the wood 12 to be processed. Similarly, the roller 24 is moved away from the transport path of the wood 12. Thereafter, the remainder of the workpiece to be treated at the harvester head 12 is dropped: to the desired position, and the harvester head 10 is ready for the new tree body 12.

»II i I * v * Should the measuring roller 20 become blocked or partially rotated during the handling of the frame 12, by moving the members 26 and 28 alone, 25 rollers 16 and 20 may be turned away from the wood frame 12. The roller 20 will be self-cleaning. it can be cleaned without the wood 12 to be treated having to be removed at all; harvester head grip, because roller 24 still holds the tree 12 in its grip.

, t> »·; . It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the above examples 30, but that the invention may vary within the scope of claims 11 to 109265 below. The device according to the invention need not necessarily comprise a bark reel, or some other suitable device may be provided on the harvester head. Harvester head elements, motors and transmission may be other than hydraulically driven, for example electric or internal combustion. The control and gauge may consist of 5 more parts, some of which may be located at the harvester head. The support and feed rollers may be made of any suitable material or combination thereof, such as metal, plastic or rubber.

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Claims (7)

12 109265 A harvester head (10) of a wood moving machine having a frame (14) and having: - at least two members (16, 20) for supporting and moving longitudinally of the wood to be processed, which members (16, 20) are arranged in the on different sides, of which at least one of the supporting and feeding means (16, 20) is forced (16) and at least one of the free rotating (20) and of which at least one of the free rotating feeding means (20) is provided a rotational counter (18), - distance adjusting means 10 (26, 28) for said support and supply means (16, 20), and - power transmission means (34) for driving said at least one forced wood support and supply means (16), said distance adjusting means (26, 28) comprising means (26, 28) for moving a support and feed member (20) provided with a revolution counter (18), the actuating means (26, 28) being adapted to operate as desired independently of at least one of the positioning members of the other supporting and feeding members. ·. ·. The harvester head (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said tuk ·., Support and feeding means (16, 20) are arranged in substantially the same plane transverse to the transport path:: 'of the tree (12). 2. Harvester interests (10) according to claim 1, a transcript of a transverse motive (10, 12) in a rotating manner. 3. Harvester interests (10) according to Claim 1, Claim 2, in the following case: - the organ (26, 28) for the purpose of the attestation of the crop (16, 20). , 15. kraftöverföringsorgan (34) för att driva atminstone et mechaniskt Drivet stöd- och matarorgan (16) för sentences. ·. 4. Harvester interests (10) enligt patentkrav 1, 2 eller 3, kännetecknat av att: ': *: atminstone et ffitt roterande med varvräknare (18) försett stöd- och matarorgan (20) inrättats lostagbart och feljakdigen utbytbartet (10). • · · • · · The harvester head (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: ': ·. at least one of the following said means being hydraulically driven: - distance adjusting means (26, 28) for the wood supporting and feeding means (16, 20), ": - the transmission means (34) for supporting and feeding the at least one forced wood; (16). The harvester head (10) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one support and feed member (20) having at least one freely rotating revolution counter (18); * · ·. is removably mounted on the harvester head (10) and thus replaceable !. 13 109265 5. Harvester interests (10) The name of the harvester (10) is an inductive copter, the tachometer eller ': *': en motsvarande givare som mäter roterande rörelse. * · · A harvester head (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the revolution counter (18) has a pulse sensor, an inductive coupling pair, a tachometer or a corresponding rotational motion sensor. 6. Harvester interests (10) enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av, .. '_ att det vidare innefattar datatransmissionsorgan för att förmedla varvräknarens (18) 25 mätdata för bearbetning, exempelvis account mät- och styranordningen i en, - ird. The harvester head (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises data transfer means for transmitting measurement data of the revolution counter (18) for processing, for example to a measuring and controlling device of a harvester. A method at the harvester head (10) of a harvester, the method comprising: - supporting and moving the wood (12) in the harvester head (10) longitudinally with at least one forced (16) and at least one free-rotating (20) wood support - and with a feeder (16, 20), - the distance of the wood (12) is measured by means of a revolution counter (18) arranged on said one of the freely rotating wood feeders (20), and - the distance between said support and feeder (16, 20) , Characterized in that, in addition, the supporting feed member (20) provided with the revolution counter (18) is independently moved by means of the movement means (26, 28) at least. · One of the other supporting and feeding organs (16,20). · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·, · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·, Patentkrav '20 1. Harvesterhuvud (10) i en officially quoted mask (11) och i denna: och överföra i längdriktningen virket • ». ·· *. (12) som skall behandlas, colors organen (16, 20) inrättats nap olika sidor av stringet »· ·, v, (12) rörelsebana, and colors atminstone ett av stöd- och matningsorganen (16, 20) • ·. · · ·. 25 drivs mechanics (16) and atminstone et roterar ftitt (20), and atminstone et aterstone et al., Av de fritt roterande matningsorganen (20) and försett med en varvräknare (18) som. · · ·. mäter vorets (12) rörelsesträcka, - organ (26, 28) för att justera det inbördes avständet mellan nämnda stöd- och matarorgan (16, 20) samt 14 109265 - kraftöverföringsorgan (34) för att drämnda atminstone ena mechanique drivna st matarorgan (16) för sentences, kännetecknat av att showing organ (26, 28) för att reglera avständet innefattar organ (26, 28) för att flytta det med varvräknare (18) försedda stöd- och 5 matarorganet (20), varvid flyttorganen ( 26, 28) Inrättats att om saskas fungera oberoende av atminstone de ena av organen för att reglera läget för stöd- och matarorganen. 7. Förfarande vid Harvester Interests (10) i en a Vessel Harvest, innefattande: 15 109265 - att virket (12) stöttas och flyttas i Harvester Interests (10) i längdriktningen med ätminstone et mechanique Drivet (16) och med ätminstone et fiitt roterande (20) (16, 20) som inrättats maid sidor av rörelsebanan för att stötta och Mata j sentence, 5th sentence (12) rörelsesträcka mäts med en varvräknare (18) som inrättats i nämnda ena fritt roterande organ (20) för att stötta och Mata sentence, och - det inbördes avständet mellan nämnda stöd- och matarorganet (16, 20) justeras, color förfarandet kännetecknas av att det med varvräknare (18) försedda stöd- och matarorganet (20) vidare flyttas med flyttorgan (26, 28) etminstone et 10 av de övriga stöd- och matarorganen (16, 20). * <· * · · »I * I I ·