FI107146B - Composting construction - Google Patents

Description

107146

Kompostorirakenne

5 of the composter structure

The invention relates to a composter.

10 At present, the emphasis is on acute care and the measures it requires. This dictates much of the nature of the market and the products and services needed. In the longer term, the focus on environmental protection begins with a focus on prevention, which involves the development of clean technologies and environmentally friendly products. In the field of waste management, the development of composting technology for compostable waste masses 15 is an important target area which, as a whole, needs to be upgraded. Masses of societies suitable for composting include:

residues from residential properties such as kitchen waste, yard and garden waste, toilet waste, sludge and cavity waste, garden waste 20 - Industrial waste such as food waste and low value by-products, catering waste, slaughter waste sewage sludge and waste

t

Training, research and advice on agricultural production has emphasized the efficiency, rationalization and chemicalisation of the sector 25. This number has guided agricultural development in recent decades. In recent years, there has been an increasing demand to reduce production, protect the environment and improve the quality of plant and livestock production **. The main focus in agricultural water protection is on livestock manure. for better storage and recovery. In many places, livestock production has created 30 manure problems, which are a heavy burden on nature. There are difficulties in protecting groundwater, but above all, surface waters suffer from nutrient loads and poor hygiene. In addition, there are odors and health risks. One of the 2 107146 development sites is organic farming, which is nowadays considered to be fully practicable and desirable. The advantages of organic farming are, among other things, that it is free from overproduction, an environmentally-friendly production method and a production direction that the consumer wants and trusts. There is growing demand for organic products 5 and the development of organic production has also been seen as important by the EU and the region.

There are many ways to solve the problem of municipal waste and livestock manure. One environmentally friendly solution is seen as composting technology that converts waste 10 into organic fertilizers and soil. In organic production, to ensure good product quality and to improve the health of the country, monitoring instructions include: In Finland, composting of manure is required. High-quality compost enhances soil growth, humus content, moisture absorption and promotes soil micro-activity and vitality.

15

Livestock manure is not necessarily a problematic waste, but a raw material for the production of salable natural fertilizers. Over one hundred composting plants have already been established in Finland. manure when producing compost and natural fertilizers.

20 There are several different definitions of composting. It is currently understood that composting can be defined as a biological process in which a multi-species microbial organism decomposes organic material under humid, aerobic and sufficiently heat-insulated conditions to produce carbon dioxide, water, stable humic and inorganic salt-containing materials, is accompanied by a significant increase in temperature.

♦ «• The material streams entering the composting process are the actual raw materials to be composted, their additives and the support materials needed for composting. The material streams coming out of the process are the actual composting products. The material streams of the technical process 30 also include gas streams, whereby, during aeration, an air stream is introduced into the process and the air stream enriched with exhaust gases and depleted of oxygen 3 107146 is removed from the process. Composting is a biological heat generator, whereby heat can be recovered directly or indirectly from warm exhaust air. In some cases, carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust air can be utilized, for example, in greenhouse production.

5 By utilizing knowledge of the material and energy balances of the technical composting process and process engineering, composting can be managed and controlled as a conventional technical process. The economics of composting are affected by the cost of establishing and operating composting technology, the quality and value of the end product, and the rate of composting. Much of the research into biotechnology for composting is therefore focused on speeding up composting.

The most practical approach to composting technology is to separate small composting, auma composting and actual plant composting.

15 The so-called "state of the art" aumakompostointi. After any pre-treatment and mixing, the material to be composted is stacked on a hard surface. The length of the seams depends on local conditions and composting arrangements. Jumps can be up to hundreds of meters long. Auma height is limited by maintaining aerobic conditions. The height of the cores is usually 1.5 to 2.5 m and the width 3-7 m. However, the available working machine 20 may set the core height lower than the mass characteristics would allow. The uma can be stacked, for example, in a bucket • shovel or using dedicated mixing machines.

Also known as so-called. reaktorikompostoreita. The difference between mechanized nuclear composting and reactor composting is blurred. Indoor or semi-enclosed mechanical composting, partially or fully forced, must therefore be considered as an intermediate step from outdoor composting to closed composting. Continuous composting reactors operate on either the horizontal or vertical mass flow principle. Examples of 30 horizontal mass flow reactors include slightly sloping composting drums and horizontal tunnel and trough reactors. In addition, there are silos and 4,107,146 tower reactors that have vertical mass spaces. In the composting drum, the mass flow is caused by a rotational movement of the drum in an inclined position. In tunnel and trough reactors, the mass flow is achieved by mechanical or hydraulic auxiliaries, whereby the mass is transferred from the feed end of the reactor to the discharge end of the reactor. In silo reactors, pulp 5 is fed to the top of the silo, from where it gradually drains under its own weight, since the composted product is mechanically removed from the bottom of the reactor either for direct transport to the site or for post-composting. In tower reactors, pulp is also fed to the upper end of the reactor, from where it is mechanically moved downstream from the layers in the tower reactor until the composted material is mechanically removed from the bottom layer of the reactor. In the tower reactor, the mass flows partially discontinuously because the material is delayed by one layer for a specified period and then transferred to the next layer.

The operation of all composting reactors is characterized by the fact that they only achieve a kind of pre-composting in a composting time of 3 to 10 days, which always requires a post-composting step if the intended use of the product does not allow post-composting to take place. Typical delay times for drum reactors are 3-6 days, silo reactors 12-15 days and tower reactors 5-10 days. Technical applications of these main types may also differ to some extent with respect to 20 delay times. In all reactor composting applications, aeration and venting of reactor gases are carried out mechanically. Similarly, reactors are monitored for humidity, which can usually also be controlled either automatically or manually. Temperature monitoring is also part of the process control of reactor composting. If the process does not proceed optimally, the reactors can be controlled with air blowing, mixing speed, humidity and also to some extent with pH, which is generally not necessary during the process. Generally, however, it should be noted that after 3-10 days of pre-composting, it will take months to post-compost before the compost product meets reasonable quality standards.

This application discloses a completely new type of modular composter, the so-called "composite". vaakasiilokompostorityyppiä. According to the invention, the composter is established on a bearing substrate, such as a cement shell, which is laid / cast on the ground. On the load-bearing base are formed modules, which are several adjacent to each other and have load-free access from one side of the module. The walls of the modular structure are preferably also concrete. At the bottom of the structure are air ducts through which air / gases are drawn through the material to be composted.

The solution to the example assumes that the composter needs less than 100 m2, the compost processing yard in front of it is about 200 m2 and the post-ripening field is also about 200 m2,

O

or 500 m in total. Furthermore, depending on the mass to be composted, a support-10 raster for peat and / or straw and / or wood chips is required.

Each week, the composter takes in 25 m3 of crude compostable mass, ie 1,300 m3 / year in continuous production. 15 m3 of ready-to-ripen compost is produced per week, or 780 m3 / year.

15

The composter itself is, for example, a four-block flat silo with a length of 16 m and a width of 4 m. Seen from the top, it has a 16 m long straight back wall with 4 m long partitions at 90 ° angle. The size of each block is thus 4 x 4 m. The blocks are open at the front so that they have three fixed walls. The height of the walls 20 is about 2 m, the filling height of the compostable mass is 1.5-1.7 m. Thus, the filling volume of each block o a is 25 nr and the total of four blocks is about 100 m. There may be a light canopy on the composter, but it is not necessary.

The foundation of the composter is partly concrete. The floor of the blocks is flat. The floor has 25 built-in aeration bases or cast concrete aeration ducts with lids made of strong fibreboard. The beams and decks withstand the tractor and the like.

«·. The cover's scree is open towards the back wall, so that when the block is emptied, the air holes in Finland will not become blocked, ie when pushed from the front to the back wall by the front loader, the holes will not be blocked. The finnish structure also has the advantage that the mass above the hole does not directly support it because the hole is open sideways. The beams and lids are removable elements, allowing the channels to be checked and cleaned.

«6 107146

The composter walls are assembled from standard L-flat silo elements. The elements are insulated or uninsulated, plinth and preferably made of high-strength concrete or coated concrete. The installation is carried out by installing the lifting elements on the compacted sand, eliminating the need for separate base castings. L-5 elements can also be installed on finished floors, eg in old buildings.

Behind the long wall of the composter is an insulated main duct for compost ventilation. The suction duct of the compost block is connected to the main duct behind the shut-off valve. The valve controls the required aeration of each block and is also a shut-off valve.

10 The main duct is equipped with a fan and heat exchanger for air-to-water or air-to-air heat recovery. After the heat exchanger, there is a suction blower, which sucks air from the composter blocks in the middle. The fan blows the cooled air in the heat exchanger into a filtration section where odors and ammonia are filtered from the exhaust air. The filter has the same bottom structure as a composter with a midsole and a filter mass on top. Ripe compost or peat acts as a mass. This type of biofilter effectively filters the exhaust air so that there is no resulting environmental impact.

The composting process takes place so that each silo block is filled in turn. The compost-20 function blocks are filled with eg a loader. The manure and support (eg peat or pitch) are mixed into a ready-to-compostable mass. Full composting beds are aerated so that the fan draws in air through the composting channels through aeration ducts. The temperature of the exhaust gases is + 55 - 60 ° C and very humid, so that a great deal of heat energy can be obtained through the heat exchanger, eg into water.

25 ----- By cooling the exhaust air to, for example, 40 ° C, it is possible to recover about ** - 25 -35 kW of energy. The blocks undergo a biological combustion of the organic material, whereby in about 10 to 14 days, the organic material is reduced by about 40%, which requires about 2.5 m 2 air per hour per cubic meter of material. The optimum composting temperature 30 is about 55 ° C, which is controlled e.g. by adjusting the amount of air with a block-specific valve.

7 107146

The composting process proceeds with a composting time of about 10-14 days, after which the compost is ready for about 3 months of post-ripening in the open. Silo salmon are usually filled in turn once a week.

5 The ripened compost is removed from the flat silo compost blocks, eg using a tractor front loader, and transferred to an adjacent post-ripening seam, from where it can be transferred as a ready organic fertilizer and soil improver for organic production or similar purposes.

10 Flat silage composting is reasonably and cheaply mechanized in this size range and its set-up costs are very reasonable. The composting solution enables the conditions under which the waste materials of the composted mass can be decomposed as quickly as possible. The uniform, limited mass due to the walls and the forced aeration in the various parts of the mass with the help of aeration space solution allow for a fast process. 15 The technique can be used to guide the composting process to the desired result.

The size of the flat silo compost can be very flexibly dimensioned to the capacity requirements of the composting entrepreneur. This is not possible with other compostor models. The compiler block aggregator number can be changed as needed. It is hard to imagine a capacity cap. For example, large wastewater treatment plants can be built with really large units without the upper limit of the composting process or technology. Filling the silos of large units can be made very easy with conveyor solutions. Similarly, the emptying of blocks can even be automated. However, the large 25 backhoe loader is the most efficient machine for this use.

•

It should be noted that the top size of a competing drum composter is currently about 100 m · *, which is an internal volume, i.e. it can hold about 30 to 40 m m of compostable mass at a time.

30 8 107146

The flat silo compost can be placed in connection with a plant producing compostable material without any adverse effects on the environment. Wastewater treatment plants, livestock buildings and the like can be right next door. Also, the utilization / transfer of recoverable heat is facilitated if the consumption points are near.

5

The invention is characterized by what is stated in the claims.

The invention will now be described with reference to some preferred embodiments of the invention shown in the figures of the accompanying drawings, but which are not intended to be limited thereto.

Fig. 1A illustrates a composter structure according to the invention.

Figure 1B is a top plan view of the structure of Figure 1A.

Figure 2A is a perspective cross-sectional view of the composter structure of the present invention taken along section 10aj of Figure IA, IB.

Figure 2B is a sectional view I-I of Figure 2A.

Figure 3 is a top view of the compost structure of Figure 2A without suomule beams.

Figure 4A shows a side wall element comprising a leg / collar portion Kj.

Fig. 4B shows a separate miter beam comprising an upper notch.

Figure 4C shows a separate metal plate beam, or flake plate beam.

30 9 107146

Figure 5 is a top plan view of a composter structure without a continuous floor, wherein the floor comprises a duct system as shown in Figure 6A below.

Figure 6A shows the duct system of Figure 5.

5

Figure 6B shows a perforated metal plate 13aj, 13a2 · .. inserted in the duct system 17aj, 17a2 of Figure 6A.

Fig. 7A shows a metal plate beam 13 which comprises flip-flops Pj ^ ... holes 10 f, f 2 · .., which flaps open downwards relative to the compost material J.

Figure 7B shows an embodiment in which the slots of the holes open upwards.

Figure 8 illustrates the suction of compost material J through the intermediate base M. The gases / air are drawn into duct 15bj.

Figure IA is an axonometric representation of a composter structure 100 according to the invention. As shown in the figure, the structure comprises discrete compartments 10aj, 10a2, 10a3 and 10a4, i.e. compostor modules. Each compartment 10aj, 10a2,10a3 and 10a ^ comprises two side walls a ^ 2 and an end wall b. Each compartment thus comprises a side wall and one end wall defined by «

»« I

a space D which is freely accessible from the opposite side of the end wall b, e.g. by a loading vehicle. The aeration base M is rotated by an edge collar K. The structure is assembled on a support base E.

25

As shown in Figure IA, there is one compartment and a compartment 10a4 so-called. a filtration section in which the filter material is blown through its midsole with air drawn from other compartments.

The compartment 10a4 comprises, for example, peat as filter material.

In the solution of the invention, outdoor air is blown into the space underneath the midsole of the composting compartment and further into the material to be composted through the holes in the midsole. One of the compartments is a filtration compartment in which air is sucked through the material to be composted by suctioning air through the holes of metal plates formed in the center of the compartment into the duct underneath the duct and further through the opening of the end wall of the compartment. Preferably, said exhaust air is further passed through the rear of the structures to one of the compartments which is a filter compartment and air is supplied through an opening in the rear compartment of the compartment such that air / gases are conducted into the space underneath the midsole. The fans P are preferably located in a duct system outside the compartments 10.

The compartments 10aj, 10a2 and 10a3 in the embodiment of Fig. 1A contain material to be composted and are also in a different stage of composting. The required compartment size and number of compartments will be determined by the daily amount of compostable material to be composted, and thus the desired compost size should be determined on a case-by-case basis. Thus, the number of compartments 10a ^ 1C ^ ... and the volume of the compartments are determined according to the composting needs in each case.

Figure IB is a top plan view of the structure of Figure IA. Through the air channels 15a1, 15a2 .. and 1620, the pump Pj draws air from each of the compartments 10a1, 10a2 and K2. Air. is further directed to the filtration section 10a ^ and blown aeration through the intermediate floor M • ·.

material to be filtered, eg peat. This avoids odor nuisance. The venting midsole is circulated by the collar K. The apparatus may further comprise a separate heat exchanger L in channel 16 (gas, air / air), whereby the heat generated by composting is recovered 25 and heated air is blown over the compartments during winter to prevent their freezing. Otherwise, the resulting thermal energy can be recovered.

• ·

Fig. 2A is an axonometric and partially sectional view of the structure of Figs. As shown in the figure, the air channel 30 is formed under the mids 17a, 17a2- .. sheir beams 14aj, 14a2 - .., cheap! beon beams, placed parallel to the longitudinal axis (X-axis) of the compartment and spaced * 11 107146 apart. The girder beams carry a midsole M formed by metal plates 13aj, 13a2 · .. in the spaces delimited by the collar K. The channels 17aj, 17a2 are connected to the connecting duct 13b, which is further connected to the duct 15bj and further through the duct 16. The duct 16 leads through the fan Pj to a compartment containing the filter material, whereby the gases 5 are filtered in the filter section by blowing them through

Girder beam 14aj, 14a2 · .. onuratdj ^ ..., to which the so-called. flake plate beams 13aj, 13a2 · .. set. The slab beams 13aj, 13a2 · .. are inserted, with their folded edges, in a V-notch (with respect to the X-axis) so that they are located in the so-called "beams" of several concrete beams. 10 iris beam 14aj, 14a2 · .. fixed and range. The girder beams 14aj, 14a2 · .. are still on the plate 11. On top of the gravel base E are placed / cast beetle walls aj ^ and b which define the section 10aj from the sides. The compartment 10aj thus remains open on one side and on the top. The structures can also be installed on, for example, a horizontal floor.

15

Figure 2B is a sectional view I-I of Figure 2A. As shown in Figure 3, the beams slab beams 13aj, 13a2 are located on top of the concrete beams 14 such that the bent / supported walls ej ^ of each slab 13aj, 13a2 are located at the bottom of the V-shaped notches dj .... The structure is dimensioned such that a sufficient free flow path is left in the V notch so that air 20 can be moved sideways from the air channel 17a1, 17a2 to ... For metal beams 13aj, 13a2 * ... the holes formed are disposed in the peripheral region of the beams 13aj, 13a2 so that without

• · I

passage through the holes is also best at the V notch. The figure shows a separate metal plate 50 disposed between the end wall b and the beam 14aj. The metal plate 50 forms a cover for the connecting duct 13b, and at the same time has a collar K adjacent to the end wall b. It should be noted that the iris beams do not extend to the end wall b to form an air duct 13b for the ducts 17aj, 17a. the intermediate floor structure M is formed at a distance from the walls aj and 'a2 and b. This allows sufficient space for the compost material to be reduced. It is important that at all stages of composting, the compost material is over the holes in the midsole M, and that no free flow can occur under the midsole M next to the wall. As shown in the figure, known so-called. L-concrete element in the side and end walls in order to form part of the so-called. collar K to form a central midsole region M. Thus, a new and surprising use has been developed for the L-elements.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the composter structure of Fig. 2A without beamsplate beams 13a ^, 13a2- .. As shown in the figure, section 10a j does not yet include beams 14aj, 14a2 · ... on the concrete slab 11. 14aj, 14a2 · ... Further, as shown in Fig. 2A, according to the invention, the beams 13a, 13a2 · .. borehole plates are provided on the concrete beams. As shown in Fig. 2B, each compartment comprises a collar K to form a midsole area M As the compost mass decreases in the compartment, an air gap may form between the compost and the compartment walls. The collar K prevents direct air access to the midsole because the mass is an obstacle on the collar. The midsole may further comprise the drainage T shown in Figure 3.

Fig. 4A shows separately a concrete sidewall element aj comprising a leg / collar portion Kj perpendicular to the wall plane. This element can be used in all embodiments of the composter. The developed wall structure is very inexpensive. The leg of the element enables quick erection and is part of the collar K.

Figure 4B shows a separate so-called. a miter beam 14aj, with V-notched d} ^ metal perforated metal plate beams 13aj, 13a2 with their bent edges • · <placed side by side. The beam is used in a compartment with a uniform midsole M.

Fig. 4C is a separate view of a metal plate beam 13aj, through which perforation 25 fj, f2 · .. air is directed to / from the composting compartment. The beam is used primarily on the miter beams as described above, but also as a cover for the underfloor ductwork in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5.

Fig. 5 shows a composter structure 10aj, 10a2 · .. with no uniform floor 30, but through the underfloor ductwork, the air / gases are flowed into the collecting duct 16 and conveyed by the blower P to the filtration compartment 13 and blown into the filter material. The duct system 15aj, 15a2,15ag from each compartment comprises a valve Vj, V2, V3 which can be used to shut off or control the flow within the compartment.

Fig. 6A shows an embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 5, in which the floor ductwork 17aj, 17a2 ··. is formed in concrete and in which structure the metal sheet beams 13aj, 13a2 are placed on the edges ij ^ of the channels 17aj, 17a2 as shown in Figure 6B.

Fig. 7A shows a magazine pi, P2 ··, in connection with the holes f 1 ^ 2 of the metal plate beam 13a ^. or scales. The slots P1, P2 · .. are below the metal plate 13aj. A through hole has been created in connection with the formation of the slip

Fig. 7B shows another embodiment of the metal sheet 13aj, with the magazine Pj, P2 facing the compost material above the metal sheet 13aj.

Figure 8 is a sectional view of a composting compartment having a compostable mass inside. In this embodiment, air is sucked through the compostable mass through the midsole M. The aeration base is constructed by placing the girder beams 14aj, 14a2 ·. · 20 on the tile 11 so as to form the air channels 17aj, 17a2 · .. and whose beams are formed by a permeable airbase by placing flake plate beams that they form a uniform midsole inside the collar K. The air exits through the connecting duct 13b and through the opening 15b in the end wall b from the composter compartment. Compost material is represented by reference letter J.

25

Claims (6)

A composting structure (100), intended for composting compostable materials, which composting structure is formed by adjacent compartments (10a, 10a 2, 10a 2, 10a 2 ...), each compartment comprising side walls (a 2). and a gable wall (b) and that the adjacent compartments (10a, 10a2 · ..) have a common side wall and that the composter structure is open / openable on one side, the material to be composted and filtered can be transported to a space (D ) between the walls (aj, a2, b) with a loading vehicle or some other loader and that the composting compartments comprise a perimeter known per se, whereby air can be drawn through the material to be composted and the intermediate bottom (M) and the air / gas transported to the a filtration compartment through the intermediate bottom (M) therein and a filtration material, characterized in that the composter and the filtration compartment comprise a molded / laid plate on the ground (E). 15 (11) and that on the plate (11) are placed beams (14aj, 14a2 · ..) spaced apart, whereby channels (17aj, 17a2 · ..) are formed between channels (17aj, 17a2 · ..) and that on the beams (14aj, 14a2 ...) 5 advantageous concrete beams are laid perforated metal plaque beams (13aj, 13a2 · ..) and that the composter construction comprises air ducts (15aj, 15a2,16, 17aj, 17a2 · ..), which comprise the eating minimum a fan (Pj) or a corresponding device, by means of which air / gas is sucked through the perforation (spring) in the intermediate bottom (M) of the compartment (10a, 10a2 · ..) from the material to be composted and on the metal plate beams (13aj, 13a2 · ..) are formed apertures (spring…) comprising a screen portion (P1, P2 ··.) or a bar and that a channel (16,15aj, 15a2,15a3), 15a4,15bj, 13b) are arranged, the air / gases sucked through it being conducted under the intermediate bottom (M) in the filtration compartment (10a4) and blown through the intermediate bottom (M) in the filtration compartment (10a4) the material by means of the fan (Pj) or equivalent, and that a closed edge collar (K) runs around the gas permeable intermediate bottom structure (M) in the compartments (10aj, 10a2 · ..) and ensures that the mass on the intermediate bottom does not leak air / gas at the edges and that the side walls (aj ... ...) of the compartments are made of L-concrete elements, which L-element comprises a wall part and a perpendicular relationship with respect to this standing collar / leg part (K). 107146 Composting structure according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in connection with the heel (square) of the metal sheet beam (13aj, 13a2 ...), a heel (square) ... partially covering protective shield (pj, P2 · ..), wherein the structure is formed by punching heels in a metal plate and leaving the punching degree or similar screen portion in connection with the heel and the apertures (square) are directed to open against the end wall (b). Composting structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal plate beams (13a, 13a2 · ..) comprise edges (not 3) which are bent to side edges of a longitudinal plate and that the metal plate beam thus formed is arranged in recesses. (dj ^ ...) on the beams (1432,1432 ---) and that the supports (14ai, 14a2 · ..) of the beams (13a ^, 13a2 ...) in the aeration intermediate bottom (M) of the compartments in its upper part are provided with V-recesses (dj2 ...) enabling gas flow between the beam cores (14aj, 14a2 · ..) via / through the wide V-recess and placement of the following metal plating beams (13aj, 13a2 · ·). side-by-side saying that they form a uniform and pie gas permeable intermediate bottom (M) in the center of the edge collars (K) and the openings (f 2 - 2.) of the beams (13a2,13a2- ..) located at a side edge or at both side edges of the beam say that a crown on the upper part of the supporting beam (14aj, 14aj ...) comes between the openings (spring ...), whereby the apertures (fj, f ^ ___) arrive at the V recess (d ^^ ...) 20. the supporting beam, whereby the placement of the apertures (fj ^ ...) guarantees gas permeability even at the beam (14aj, 14a2 ··· ) and that the down-lying screen (pj ^ ...) or the scaffold at the opening is not located at the beam crown (14ai, 14a2- ..), whereby the heel is not clogged and the scaffold will not support the beam without hitting the V recess. Composting structure according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the metal plaque beams (13a, 13a2 ...) are laid with their longitudinal axes perpendicular to the side walls (aj ^) of the compartment (10a ^, 10a2 -.-). Composting structure according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that openings (15b 2) are provided in the gable wall (b) between the side walls (a) of the compartment so that gas can be sucked or blown from below / into the bottom floor. (M) of the department. Compostar construction according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the beams (14a |, 14a2 · ..) are laid parallel to the longitudinal axis (X-axis) of the compartment (10a 100), wherein the haikaraa (14aj, 14a2 · ..) are laid parallel to the side walls (a ^^) of its compartment (10aj, 10a2 ...) and spaced apart, the channels (17aj, 17a2 ···) between the beams are connected to a connecting channel (13b). 10 * 1 · - · ·