CN208395069U - A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost - Google Patents

A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208395069U
CN208395069U CN201820362354.4U CN201820362354U CN208395069U CN 208395069 U CN208395069 U CN 208395069U CN 201820362354 U CN201820362354 U CN 201820362354U CN 208395069 U CN208395069 U CN 208395069U
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China
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conduit
drainage system
compost
ventilation shaft
flabellum
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CN201820362354.4U
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Inventor
黄光群
孙晓曦
韩鲁佳
马双双
崔儒秀
方晨
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of ventilating drainage system for compost, including the conduit being set to below compost, length direction in the conduit along the conduit is disposed with ventilation shaft, and one end of the conduit is connected with drainage pipeline, is provided in the conduit and is opened and closed plug by wind pressure control.The ventilating drainage system for compost of the utility model, structure is simple, is easy to regulate and control, and while guaranteeing to be aerated efficiency, the infiltration in compost can be discharged in time.

Description

A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost
Technical field
The utility model relates to composting technologies, more particularly, to a kind of ventilating drainage system for compost.
Background technique
It is to solve the current agricultural wastes stock number in China to ask greatly, using insufficient etc. that the Fertilizer Transformed of biomass resource, which utilizes, One effective way of topic, aerobic compost technology are the major techniques during biomass resource Fertilizer Transformed utilizes.Aerobic compost Be it is good in aeration condition, under conditions of oxygen is sufficient, process that aerobic bacteria absorbs waste, aoxidized and decomposed.It is aerobic Microorganism is released by the vital movement of itself a part of absorbed oxidation operation at simple inorganic matter simultaneously For energy needed for microorganism vegetative activity, and another part organic matter is then synthesized new cytoplasm, keeps microorganism continuous Growth and breeding produces more organisms.
The existing aerobic compost mode in China in such a way that slot type turns over throwing based on, wherein slot type turn over throw compost be broadly divided into It is aerated and without two kinds of aeration.The slot type of no aeration turns over throwing compost and be easy to cause anaerobic fermentation, and will appear in production process largely has Evil gas, can cause biggish negative effect to environment.There is aeration, aerated conduit generally uses pvc pipe, is embedded in reserved in advance Cement tub in, which does not configure discharge pipe line generally, so the phenomenon that will cause filtrate flow ventilation pipeline;Together When, since ventilation shaft is laid below compost, there is a problem of ventilation shaft and discharge pipe line connection/control methods complexity.
Utility model content
It solves the above problems in order to overcome the problems referred above or to the maximum extent, the utility model provides a kind of for compost Ventilating drainage system, can not be discharged in time to solve in composting process compost infiltration and influence ventilation shaft drafting efficiency, logical The technical problem of air piping discharge structure complexity.
One aspect according to the present utility model provides a kind of ventilating drainage system for compost, including is set to heap The conduit of fertile lower section, the interior length direction along the conduit of the conduit are disposed with ventilation shaft, one end connection of the conduit There is drainage pipeline, is provided in the conduit and plug is opened and closed by wind pressure control.
Further, the plug that is opened and closed includes: the end socket that there is through-hole at flabellum and middle part;It pastes the periphery of the end socket Together in the inner wall of the conduit, one end of the flabellum is rotationally connected with the side of the end socket, and institute by torsionspring axis End socket is stated between the flabellum and the drainage pipeline, the covering of the fan area of the flabellum is greater than the area and energy of the through-hole Enough cover the through-hole.
Further, the covering of the fan of the flabellum at least side is the curved surface to flabellum center indent.
Further, the upper end frame of the conduit is equipped with support plate, offers at least row's venthole in the support plate, Every row's venthole is arranged along the length direction of the conduit.
Further, the spacing between the adjacent vent holes in each row's venthole is 15-20cm.
Further, the spacing in the middle part of the support plate between adjacent two rows of ventholes is greater than or equal to the ventilation The diameter of pipeline.
Further, the top of the support plate is laid with the filled layer with predetermined porosity.
Further, the bottom in the conduit is equipped with pedestal, opens up fluted, the ventilation duct at the top of the pedestal Road is set up in the groove upper end.
Further, the width of the groove is not more than the diameter of the ventilation shaft.
Further, at least row's air hole is offered on the ventilation shaft, the opening direction of the air hole is upward.
The utility model beneficial effect is mainly reflected in following aspect:
(1) close to one end of drainage pipeline, setting can be opened and closed plug in conduit, utilize the difference of conduit wind pressure when aeration Control can be opened and closed the opening and closing of plug, to control the opening and closing that can be opened and closed plug, realize and take into account raising aeration efficiency and draining in time Function, can be opened and closed plug can aeration when closure to prevent wind loss, can open when not being aerated to filter Liquid discharge, filtrate system needs the lance opened when the simple and fast airtightness for realizing aerating system and filtrate need to be discharged Shield;And its structure is simple, easy for assemble or unload, strong applicability, it is easy to spread since cost is relatively low;
(2) plug can be opened and closed using the structure of end socket and the flabellum for being rotationally connected with end socket side, make full use of ventilation duct The variation of wind pressure in road and realize the opening and closing that can be opened and closed plug, be not only simple in structure, can also realize the accurate tune of automatic shutter Control is not necessarily to extra consumption energy;
(3) it is laid with support plate in the top of conduit, improves the applicability of system, conveniently adapts to a variety of embodiment party of compost Formula, protection ventilation shaft are hardly damaged, and avoid the squashy problem of ventilation shaft, so that feeding discharging operation is selectively more;
(4) ventilation hole is opened up in support plate, and side is laid with the filled layer with certain porosity on the supporting plate, guarantee to expose Smooth the passing through of air-flow and compost infiltration during gas;Its cooperate ventilation pipe structure, can effectively improve ventilation utilization rate, Reduce fan energy consumption, additionally it is possible to pernicious gas caused by improving the aerobic degree in composting fermentation process to reduce because of anaerobism Discharge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram according to the ventilating drainage system for compost a kind of in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the A-A section according to Fig. 1 of the ventilating drainage system for compost a kind of in the utility model embodiment Figure.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Below Embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention for illustrating the utility model.
It is shown in Figure 1, a kind of ventilating drainage system for compost, including conduit 1, ventilation shaft 3, drainage pipeline 8 With can be opened and closed plug.Conduit 1 is located at the lower section of compost, and ventilation shaft 3 is laid in conduit 1 along the length direction of conduit 1.Conduit 1 can be poured by cement or other basic materials;Ventilation shaft 3 can be hollow pvc pipe or other breathable pipelines, Pipe diameter is preferably 80-150mm.It in use, can be by providing the air stream or other that compost is aerated in ventilation shaft 3 Gas stream.The gas stream provided by ventilation shaft 3 penetrates into conduit 1, then permeates into the compost of 1 top of conduit, to reach To the purpose being aerated to compost.
Shown in Figure 2, one end of conduit 1 is connected with drainage pipeline 8.The moisture that compost generates during the fermentation can seep Thoroughly into conduit 1, and be drained into drainage pipeline 8 by conduit 1, be collected or other processing.
One end in conduit 1, which is provided with, is opened and closed plug by wind pressure control;And plug can be opened and closed and be arranged in conduit 1 Close to one end of drainage pipeline 8.Can be opened and closed plug can aeration when closure to prevent wind loss, can be not aerated when It waits and opens so as to filtrate discharge, filtrate system needs when the simple and fast airtightness for realizing aerating system and filtrate need to be discharged The contradiction to be opened.
Since aeration process needs certain pressure environment, in aeration process, utilize wind caused by aeration Pressure, which is closed, can be opened and closed plug, so that 3 place environment of ventilation shaft is closed environment, make gas stream provided by ventilation shaft 3 It can be moved upwards under the conditions of certain pressure, to be aerated to compost.
When not needing aeration, since the wind pressure in ventilation shaft 3 is smaller, plug opening can be opened and closed, in compost to The moisture penetrated into conduit 1 is discharged via drainage pipeline 8.The structure is simple, is easily installed/dismantles, and used material valence Lattice are cheap;Aeration is combined together with discharge structure, strong applicability.
In a specific embodiment, can be opened and closed plug includes flabellum 6 and end socket 9.The middle part of end socket 9 has through-hole Structure, and the periphery of end socket 9 is fitted tightly on the inner wall of conduit 1.The central axis of the through-hole and the central axis of conduit 1 are flat Row;The central axis of conduit 1 is parallel with the length direction of conduit 1.
Flabellum 6 is rotationally connected on the side wall of 9 side of end socket;Flabellum 6 can be rotationally connected with end socket by torsionspring axis 7 On 9, and the axis direction of torsionspring axis 7 is perpendicular to the central axis of conduit 1.Flabellum 6 is also rotationally connected with the interior of conduit 1 On wall, when as long as rotating flabellum close to end socket 9, flabellum 6 can be fitted closely with end socket all to cover the through-hole of end socket 9 ?.
Further, flabellum 6 is arranged close to the side of ventilation shaft 3, i.e., end socket 9 be located at flabellum 6 and drainage pipeline 8 it Between.Also, the covering of the fan area of flabellum 6 is greater than the area of the through-hole of end socket 9.
When that need to be aerated to compost, when the wind pressure in ventilation shaft 3 is larger, flabellum 6 is under Action of Wind pressure, to close to envelope First 9 direction rotates and is fitted tightly on the side wall of end socket 9, can be opened and closed plug closing, be in relatively closed ring in conduit 1 Border can be formed biggish air pressure in conduit 1 by the gas stream entered in ventilation shaft 3 and be moved upwards, and be aerated to compost.
When not needing to be aerated compost, the wind pressure in ventilation shaft 3 is smaller, effect of the flabellum 6 in torsionspring axis 7 Under, it is rotated to the direction far from end socket 9, plug opening can be opened and closed, the moisture collected in conduit 1 is arranged via that can be opened and closed plug to row Waterpipe 8, so moisture can be collected or other processing.
Plug can be opened and closed using the structure of end socket and the flabellum for being rotationally connected with end socket side, made full use of in ventilation shaft The variation of wind pressure and realize the opening and closing that can be opened and closed plug, be not only simple in structure, can also realize the accurate regulation of automatic shutter, nothing Need extra consumption energy.
In a specific embodiment, the covering of the fan of at least side of flabellum 6 is the curved surface to flabellum center indent.Work as conduit When wind pressure in 1 is larger, the flabellum with curved surface covering of the fan can be more snugly fitted to the side wall of end socket 9 under Action of Wind pressure On, to increase obturation effect.Flabellum 6 is moved to end socket 9 under Action of Wind pressure and is fitted tightly on 9 side wall of end socket, in Fig. 2 Dotted line shown in.Specifically, the structure of the covering of the fan indent of flabellum 6, can be on one side with the structure of indent, and another side can be interior The structure of recessed, plane or dimpling, as long as making flabellum 6 is closer to fit on end socket 9 under Action of Wind pressure.And And preferably flabellum 6 has a face covering of the fan of inner sunken face towards ventilation shaft 3.
In a specific embodiment, support plate 5 is equipped in the upper end frame of conduit 1.Due to being laid with ventilation in conduit 1 Pipeline on ventilation shaft and influences the infiltration of moisture in the air permeability effect and compost of ventilation shaft to avoid compost from being directly stacked at Stream sets up support plate 5 in 1 upper end of conduit, so that the region that support plate 5 and conduit 1 surround is hollow structure, ventilation shaft 3 It is laid in the hollow region.
In addition, setting support plate 5, also avoids compost from easily causing to damage to ventilation shaft 3 when being directly stacked on ventilation shaft 3 It is bad;The applicability of the system can also be enhanced, divulged information in order to avoid generating the direct or indirect gravity of loading machine in composting process Ventilation shaft is caused to damage on pipeline, so that feeding discharging operation is selectively more.It is incorporated in erection support plate 5 above conduit 1, Avoid the squashy problem of ventilation shaft, additionally it is possible to improve the aerobic degree in composting fermentation process to reduce because anaerobism causes Pernicious gas discharge.
Further, row's venthole is at least offered in support plate 5.Venthole is opened up in support plate 5, is made in compost Moisture can be permeated by the venthole into conduit 1, and the gas stream provided in ventilation shaft 3 can be enable to transport upwards It moves and enters compost, achieve the purpose that be aerated to compost.
Specifically, stainless steel plate or other plate structures with corresponding hardness can be used in support plate 5, as long as can it To the effect of support compost.When using stainless steel plate, support plate 5 with a thickness of 2-5mm, usually in 3mm or so Have the function that stablize support.
Further, the venthole opened up in support plate 5, each row's venthole are arranged along the length direction of conduit 1.Edge The length direction of conduit 1 opens up venthole, enables that the air-flow provided in ventilation shaft 1 is smooth, is equably aerated into compost, Moisture in compost can also it is smooth, rapidly permeate into conduit 1 and be discharged in time.Specifically, each row's venthole is along length When direction is laid, it can be laid along the modes such as straight line or broken line, as long as it is logical to be laid with support plate 5 along the length direction of conduit 1 Stomata is to achieve the purpose that uniformly to ventilate.
Specifically, support plate 5 can be integrally formed monolith plate structure, be also possible to by the branch of muti-piece certain specification Fagging is spliced.For example, it can be by of same size, and the support plate that length is 30-60cm is spliced along its length.
In a specific embodiment, the adjacent vent holes in the length direction of conduit 1, any of the above-described row's venthole Between spacing be 15-20cm.Specifically, the spacing between adjacent vent holes is maintained at suitable range, is effectively improving While air-flow or moisture penetrate efficiency, and can guarantee the rigidity of support plate 5, can reduce the dosage of support plate 5, reduce at This.
Further, the aperture of venthole is 5-15mm.The aperture of venthole is excessive, the solid sundries of 5 top of support plate It is easy to be fallen in conduit 1 by penetrating in venthole, influences air-flow or the smooth outflow of water flow in conduit 1;It is too small, it will affect The timely discharge seeped water in the efficiency or compost being aerated to compost.
In a specific embodiment, the spacing between adjacent two rows of ventholes of support plate medium position is greater than The diameter of ventilation shaft 3.Since ventilation shaft 3 is usually laid along the axial centerline of conduit 1, then being opened up in support plate 5, Spacing between adjacent two rows of ventholes of medium position keeps suitable range, can be avoided in 5 top compost of support plate The moisture of exudation directly drop on ventilation shaft 3 and enter inside ventilation shaft 3.
In a specific embodiment, the filled layer 4 with predetermined porosity is equipped in the top of support plate 5;It fills out Filling layer can be gravel layer or sawdust layer etc..It is understood that filled layer 4 can be gravel layer or sawdust layer, but it is not limited to Both materials, as long as filled layer 4 has certain porosity can allow for gas or moisture to pass through.It is supporting The top of plate 5 is laid with the filled layer with certain porosity, can be laid immediately on to avoid compost in support plate 5 be easy junction and The case where blocking venthole.
In a specific embodiment, it is also padded in the inside of conduit 1 and is equipped with pedestal 2.Pedestal 2 is along the length side of conduit 1 To setting.The cross section of pedestal 2 can be the structures such as polygon, trapezoidal, as long as the top of pedestal 2 can steadily lay ventilation Pipeline 3.To collect the infiltration in compost more effectively, the cross-sectional shape of pedestal 2 is preferably trapezoidal.
Since pedestal 2 has certain thickness, make that there is a certain distance between ventilation shaft 3 and the bottom of conduit 1, After then being merged into conduit 1 by the moisture oozed out in compost, it will not enter inside ventilation shaft 3.
Further, more stably to lay ventilation shaft 3, groove is set at the top of pedestal 2.The length direction of groove It is identical as the length direction of conduit 1.Ventilation shaft 3 is erected on the groove.
In a specific embodiment, the width of the groove top is not more than the diameter of ventilation shaft 3.Specifically, recessed The width in groove top portion is equal to or less than the diameter of ventilation shaft 3;Also, ventilation shaft 3 and the two sidewalls of groove are in contact, and lead to The bottom of air piping 3 is also touched with the bottom connection of groove, so that ventilation shaft 3 is closely fastened on groove, be can be avoided Infiltration in compost instills in groove and causes adverse effect to ventilation shaft 3.For example, the width when groove top is equal to ventilation When the diameter of pipeline 3, the highly preferred radius equal to or less than ventilation shaft 3 of groove;Ventilation shaft 3 is set to stablize and tightly Thickly it is fastened on groove, meanwhile, also avoid the infiltration in compost from entering in groove.
In a specific embodiment, at least two rows of air holes, and the opening side of air hole are offered on ventilation shaft 3 To upward.Specifically, length direction of any row's air hole along ventilation shaft 3 opens up.Also, air hole is preferably provided with logical Air piping 3 is in the semi-circumference on top, convenient in aeration process, the air-flow in ventilation shaft 3 is moved up in compost.
In a specific embodiment, in any row's air hole, the spacing between two neighboring air hole is 15- 20cm.Specifically, the spacing between adjacent air hole is maintained at suitable range, when can guarantee aeration, in ventilation shaft 3 The efficiency that air-flow is moved into compost.Meanwhile the length direction of ventilation shaft 3 with lay air hole, be conducive to aeration when Air-flow is equably conveyed into 1 top compost of conduit.Further, the aperture of air hole is 5-15mm.
In actual use, specifically used method is as follows:
1) cement ground is built up according to mode as shown in the figure.
2) pedestal is arranged in cement floor basal part, and the PVC ventilation shaft having openning hole is fixed on pedestal with concrete On.
3) plug can be opened and closed and be fixed on ventilation shaft end and filtrate (liquid end.
4) sealing of stainless steel ventilating board is fixed on cement ground upper end, and arranges some crops on stainless steel ventilating board Or the filler material for having gap of wood type.
5) start to carry out feeding, and open blower and be aerated, start aerobic compost.
The ventilating drainage system for compost of the utility model, close to one end of drainage pipeline 8, setting can in conduit 1 It is opened and closed plug, the opening and closing of the flabellum 6 of plug can be opened and closed using the different controls of 1 wind pressure of conduit when aeration, can be opened and closed with control stifled The opening and closing of head realizes the function of taking into account and improve aeration efficiency and drain in time.
Finally, the method for the utility model is only preferable embodiment, it is not intended to limit the protection of the utility model Range.Within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in Within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of ventilating drainage system for compost, which is characterized in that including the conduit being set to below compost, the conduit The interior length direction along the conduit is disposed with ventilation shaft, and one end of the conduit is connected with drainage pipeline, in the conduit It is provided with and plug is opened and closed by wind pressure control.
2. ventilating drainage system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described be opened and closed plug include: flabellum and There is the end socket of through-hole at middle part;The periphery of the end socket fits in the inner wall of the conduit, and one end of the flabellum passes through torsion bullet Spring axis is rotationally connected with the side of the end socket, and the end socket is between the flabellum and the drainage pipeline, the fan The covering of the fan area of leaf is greater than the area of the through-hole and can cover the through-hole.
3. ventilating drainage system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the covering of the fan of the flabellum at least side is to institute State the curved surface of flabellum center indent.
4. ventilating drainage system according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the upper end frame of the conduit is equipped with Support plate, at least row's venthole is offered in the support plate, and every row's venthole is arranged along the length direction of the conduit.
5. ventilating drainage system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that adjacent vent holes in each row's venthole it Between spacing be 15-20cm.
6. ventilating drainage system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the adjacent two rows in the middle part of the support plate Spacing between venthole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the ventilation shaft.
7. ventilating drainage system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the top of the support plate, which is laid with to have, to be made a reservation for The filled layer of porosity.
8. ventilating drainage system according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the bottom in the conduit is equipped with Pedestal, opens up at the top of the pedestal fluted, and the ventilation shaft is set up in the groove upper end.
9. ventilating drainage system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the width of the groove is not more than the ventilation The diameter of pipeline.
10. ventilating drainage system according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that opened up on the ventilation shaft There is at least row's air hole, the opening direction of the air hole is upward.
CN201820362354.4U 2018-03-16 2018-03-16 A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost Active CN208395069U (en)

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CN201820362354.4U CN208395069U (en) 2018-03-16 2018-03-16 A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201820362354.4U CN208395069U (en) 2018-03-16 2018-03-16 A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost

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CN201820362354.4U Active CN208395069U (en) 2018-03-16 2018-03-16 A kind of ventilating drainage system for compost

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113896572A (en) * 2021-09-08 2022-01-07 浙江华东工程建设管理有限公司 Drainage and aeration system suitable for large perishable garbage machine fertilizer forming equipment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113896572A (en) * 2021-09-08 2022-01-07 浙江华东工程建设管理有限公司 Drainage and aeration system suitable for large perishable garbage machine fertilizer forming equipment

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