FI106889B - Method and displacement means in a swirling bed reactor and a swirling bed reactor - Google Patents

Description

106889

METHOD AND TRANSFER BETWEEN A FLOOR BED REACTOR AND A FLOOR BED REACTOR - FÖRFARANDE OCH SKJUTNINGSORGAN I EN VIRVEL-BÄDDREAKTOR OCH EN VIRVELBÄDDREAKTOR

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for transferring material in a fluidized bed reactor as defined in the preamble of the independent claims below, and to a fluidized bed reactor in which said method and apparatus are used. The invention provides a new and inventive way of moving bed material in a fluidized bed reactor and of removing solid material from a fluidized bed reactor.

In a fluidized bed reactor, a bed of solid particulate bed material such as sand is formed at the bottom of the reactor. The bed is blown with fluidizing gas, such as air, so that the bed material begins to bubble and swirl under the influence of the fluidizing gas flow 15. This is called fluidization, that is, bringing the solid into a fluid-like state. Blowing of fluidizing gas into the bed material is generally accomplished through nozzles located near the bottom of the reactor. The blown fluidized gas must be discharged, usually through a discharge port formed at the top of the reactor. The said bed or bed is supplied with fuel which, when reacting, generates additional exhaust gases. Generally, fluidizing gas is one of the »♦ reactants. In such a bed, combustion is at best smooth and efficient. Uniform and precisely controlled flow and diffusion of fluidized air into the bed is important for efficient and controlled combustion.

25 The bed of the fluidized bed reactor, and especially at its bottom, over time accumulates more dense material than the bed material, which impedes the blowing of the fluidizing gas. Fuel impurities such as rocks, metal objects such as nails, and sintered bed material or large fuel bodies, or other impurities, may obscure some of the fluidizing gas nozzles and cause uneven flow of gas in the bed. Uneven fluidization 2 106889 produces an uneven and difficult to control reaction and may cause large temperature fluctuations, incomplete combustion, and thus, for example, harmful emissions. At some points, the temperature may rise too high or, due to ductwork, decrease too low. Fuel can accumulate at certain locations in the reactor, thereby further increasing uneven combustion.

Excess material that interferes with the reactor operation must be removed from the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor. For this purpose, it is known to tilt the bottom of the reactor, whereby the denser, noxious material accumulates by itself at the bottom of the bottom 10. There may be provided a material removal connection through which material can be removed from the bed at desired intervals or continuously. If the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor is flat, uneven flow of fluidized air can cause the bed material to move in the reactor.

15 However, the slope of the bottom may not always be effective enough to collect excess material in the vicinity of the outlet. If material is to be moved in the bed by uneven flow of fluidized air, it will generally cause adverse temperature variations. Vigorous blowing may also cause the best finely divided bed material to escape from the reactor gas to be removed.

20

For example, when there is too much contamination on the bottom of the reactor, or in other maintenance situations, the reactor often needs to be emptied completely. The above problems in removing material from the reactor also apply to this type of bed material emptying. The reactor and bed must be allowed to cool down for up to 25 days before the bed can be removed.

GB 2066435 and US 4384534 disclose various scrapers for scraping ash from the grate or for smoothing the fuel on the grate. EP 0103065, US 3411465 and US 3795058 disclose various mixers and scrapers located in fluidized bed reactors. The scrapers and mixing members disclosed in the aforementioned 3 106889 references are arranged to move at all times in the same plane, for example at the bottom of a fluidized bed reactor. They cannot move in the reactor bed at several different heights.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which minimizes the above-mentioned problems that occur in the prior art.

The foregoing disadvantages are overcome and the objects defined above are achieved by the process, transfer device and fluidized bed reactor of the invention, which are characterized by what is defined in the characterizing parts of the independent claims below.

The fluidized bed reactor according to the invention is characterized in that fuel, fluidizing gas and bed material inlet connections as well as gas and bed material outlet connections are led into the fluidized bed reactor interior. The fuel and bed material inlet connections may be separate, or the bed material and fuel may be fed into the reactor from the same connection. According to the method of the invention, said reactor comprises the steps of: (a) introducing fuel and bed material from its inlet into the reactor so that a bed is formed at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor to process fuel; through a respective, bed and through the bed to fluidize the bed material, (c) reacting gas in the bed 25 and above the bed, (d) removing the exhaust gas from the reactor through the outlet gas outlet, (e) removing material from the bed near the reactor bottom 30, (f) moving one or more transfer members in the fluidized bed reactor bed 4 106889 with respect to the bed material, or moving the bed relative to one or more transfer members, and thereby transferring the bed material and / or other material within the bed material; and (g) if desired, in step f, move the same moving member (24,124, 224, 228) at 5 different heights.

A fluidized bed reactor is used herein to mean all kinds of reactors in which the bed material is brought into a fluidizing gas-like space, including a circulating bed reactor. In a circulating bed reactor, the fluidization gas flow is so large that 10 of the bed material is transported with the gas to be removed out of the reactor, whereby the bed material is separated from the gas to be removed and recycled to the reactor. The gas to be discharged refers to the fluidizing gas and gases generated in the reactor which are discharged from the reactor, usually through an outlet at the top of the reactor. A transfer member is defined as any member that can be moved within the bed material so that the bed material, and / or impurities therein, such as stones, nails and the like, accumulated on the fluidizing gas nozzles are displaced by this inventive transfer member. Preferably, the transfer member is mechanical and schematic, but it may also be, for example, a specially shaped fluidizing gas nozzle capable of producing a sufficiently high blowing force.

A plurality of fluidizing gas nozzles may form a nozzle surface in the reactor, meaning a plane formed by the nozzles in the reactor, or a surface on which the bed is fluidized, often at the bottom of the reactor or forming the bottom of the reactor.

The transfer member according to the invention is adapted to move with respect to the bed material. It is possible that the transfer member is moved, or else the transfer member is arranged in the reactor and the reactor bed is arranged to move relative to the transfer member. The bed 30 can be moved by arranging, for example, the bottom of the reactor or the nozzle surface 5 106889, for example the bottom of the circular reactor may be arranged to rotate about its center. It is also possible to arrange both the transfer member and the bottom or nozzle surface of the reactor to be moved. As used herein, when moving or rotating the transducer relative to the bed material, it is meant to move the transducer 5 in the bed as well as to move the base or nozzle surface and accompanying bed material relative to the transducer.

Moving the transfer member according to the invention among the bed of a fluidized bed reactor does not require much power from the power source used to move it. Although 10 such beds are, for example, a sand bed half a meter thick, one person's hand force or a relatively small electric motor is usually sufficient to move the rotatable member at the bottom of the reactor. Even rotating the bottom of the reactor or the nozzle surface does not require excessively high power. A smaller resistance in the very dense and heavy bed itself is provided by the blowing of the fluidizing gas 15 and the resulting fluid behavior of the bed material. The temperature at the bottom of the bed is typically 100 to 300 ° C during normal running of the heat-producing reactor, well below the operating temperature at the bed surface, which may be, for example, 750 to 900 ° C. Thus, the transducer is not necessarily required for continuous exposure to high temperatures. Preferably, however, the transfer member is made .... 20 to withstand the above mentioned temperatures, as in some driving situations the bed may warm considerably from the bottom. In addition, it is possible to arrange the transfer member to move the bed material also from the surface of the bed, whereby resistance to high temperatures is also important.

25 Moving the bed material and especially the impurities in the bed will smooth the bed. Better mixing of fuel and bed material. The impurities accumulated on the fluidizing gas nozzles can be spread throughout the bottom of the reactor, whereby the fluidizing gas is more evenly distributed in the bed.

ϊ \. 30 6 106889

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transfer member is shaped and / or its movement path is arranged such that by moving the transfer member in the bed relative to the bed material it is possible to transfer the bed material and contaminants therefrom close to the bed material removal connection. There may be a plurality of bed material removal connections, as well as transfer means. For example, the transfer member may be a steel plate about 5 cm high, about 2 cm thick, which is approximately flat about a flat portion of the bottom of the reactor and is horizontally bent to form, e.g., an "V" to accurately transfer material to the bed material removal assembly. For example, the movement path of the organ may be reciprocating. The transfer member may also be e.g. The bed material outlet connection (s) may be located on the bottom of the reactor or on the walls. For example, if the bottom of the reactor is to be rotatable about its center point, a bottom-rotating outlet connection may be formed between the rotatable bottom and the reactor wall where the transfer member is arranged to transfer the bed material to be removed.

15

In a preferred embodiment, the bed material outlet connection may be closed by a closure member such as a flap, a hatch or some other mechanism. Such a closure member may be opened and closed if desired, allowing material to be removed from the reactor as required. The material can also be removed continuously or at regular intervals.

The transfer member according to the invention may be, for example, a scraper or a wing which is rotated or moved in a reciprocating motion near the bottom of the reactor, at least in part inside the bed material. Preferably, the transfer member is arranged to rotate about a given axis 25, near the fluidization nozzles, whereby it can move material close to the bottom of the reactor. It is advantageous to be able to move the reciprocating transfer member back and forth. It is advantageous to be able to move the transfer member vertically in the reactor. Preferably, the displacement member is elongated transverse to its direction of movement, and 30 degrees lower than its length. It then collects material over a 7,106,889 wide area, while keeping the resistance between the bed material and the transfer member small.

Preferably, the transfer means is driven from the outside of the reactor, through the reactor jacket 5, via an operating interface such as a shaft, shaft or the like. Such a coupling is moved back and forth or rotated by a power source, such as an electric motor. It is also possible for the transfer member to be shaped, for example, so that the flow of fluidizing gas causes the member to move, or at least contribute to the movement of the transfer member. The transfer member 10 is preferably made of a material which is very heat and corrosion resistant, such as stainless steel or ceramic. The transfer member may be provided with cooling, for example by circulating water or air within it.

Applications according to the invention also include fitting the transfer member to a bubble fluidized bed reactor or a circulating fluidized bed reactor. Preferably, the reactor of the invention is arranged to produce mainly thermal energy.

One of the major advantages of the invention is that the fuel is reacted in a controlled and uniform manner throughout the bed because the fluidizing gas is uniformly distributed in the bed of the fluidized bed reactor 20. This is achieved by smoothing the accumulation of impurities, fuel, or bed material in the bed, preventing the flow of gas in the bed.

Another major advantage of the invention is that the removal of impurities from the fluidized bed reactor is efficient because the transfer means can be used to transfer impurities in the vicinity of the bed material outlet. This transfer can be performed even without production interruptions, with the reactor running at full power.

#,

The third most important advantage of the invention is that the emptying of the reactor, for example for maintenance, can be carried out quickly and easily, because the transfer means can remove the hotter bed material from the reactor.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating exemplary embodiments.

5

Fig. 1 schematically shows, in horizontal section and top view, a fluidized bed reactor according to the invention fitted with a transfer element according to the invention.

Figure 2 schematically shows a vertical cross-section of the bottom of a fluidized bed reactor according to the invention.

Figure 3 schematically shows, in horizontal section, a top view of a fluidized bed reactor according to the invention in which five transfer elements according to the invention are installed.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a fluidized bed reactor 10 according to the invention. Masonry 14 is provided inside the jacket 12 of the reactor 10 to reduce wear on the metallic jacket 12. The bottom 16 and the outlet 20 of the reactor 10 have a plurality of fluidizing gas nozzles 18, 20 and a bed outlet outlet 20 showing a transfer member 24 according to the invention adapted to rotate horizontally about a vertical axis passing through the center 22 of the bottom 16 of the reactor 10.

Figure 2 shows a fluidized bed reactor 110, a reactor jacket 112, a reactor bottom 116, a fluidizing gas nozzles 118, and a horizontal displacement member 124 through a vertical arm 130 passing through the center of the reactor bottom 122. The nozzles 118 and transfer member 124 are completely underneath the bed.

Fig. 3 illustrates a solution according to the invention in which, in addition to fluidizing gas nozzles 218, four bottom 106 outlets 220 are disposed on the bottom 216 of the fluidized bed reactor 210. In addition to the port 216 228 are arms 230 which conduct outside the reactor 210 through sheath 212.

5

In the preferred fluidized bed reactor of the invention shown in Figure 1, the transfer member 24 has a trough shape, whereby it rotates counterclockwise to efficiently collect material accumulated on the fluidizing gas nozzles 18. When the transfer member 24 is approximately in the position shown in Figure 1, the outlet 10 of the material 10 is opened, whereby the material collected by the transfer member 24 is dropped into the outlet 20.

From the fluidized bed reactor 110 shown in Figure 2, we see how the transfer member 124 is preferably located near the bottom 116 of the reactor, and thus also near the fluidization gas 15 nozzles 118. The transfer member 124 functions well even though deep below the bed 126. A similar bed is also present in the reactors of Figures 1 and 3, although not shown in these figures. The shaft 130 rotating the displacement member 124 is powered by an engine located outside the reactor 110, not shown. By moving the arm 130 vertically, the transfer member 124 can be rotated in 20 beds at different heights.

Figure 3 shows a fluidized bed reactor210 according to the invention, in which the transfer element 224 rotatable about the center of the base 222 functions as the transfer element 24 of Figure 1. In addition, auxiliary transfer elements 228 arranged to pass the reciprocating reciprocating path are center point 222 and back. At the same time, they push material from the corners of the reactor 210 toward the center point 222 and at the same time towards the bed material outlet 220. This is advantageous because such a reactor runs the risk of creating blind spots with low mixing and material segregation, e.g. corner, is possible.

In the examples of Figures 1-3, fluidization gas nozzles 18, 118 and 218 form a nozzle surface for each reactor 10, 110 and 210. In all the examples shown in Figures 1-3 5, it is also possible to move the transfer members 24, 124, 224 or 228 for the purification of the bed only, without removing bed material or impurities accumulated in the reactor.

The figures do not show the fuel, bed material and fluidization gas inlet conduits to the reactor, or the gas to be discharged, the power sources for moving the transfer means, such as electric motors, or other prior art parts required in the fluidized bed reactor of the invention.

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the examples above, but that the invention may vary within the scope of the following claims. The device according to the invention is suitable, for example, for fluidized bed reactors used for power generation, such as incineration of municipal waste, wood, coal or other fossil fuels. The invention is also applicable to other fluidized bed reactors, such as those used in the manufacture of polymers or gasification of fuel. The fluidized bed reactor can range in size from laboratory equipment to large power plants, and reactor temperatures can vary widely. In the reactor, the horizontally pivotable transfer member need not rotate about the center of the base, and the reciprocating or reciprocating motion paths need not travel from the corner to the center and back. The bed material outlet may be located at different heights in the reactor wall. The bottom of the reactor and the nozzle surface may be inclined or of variable shape, for example conical.

•

Claims (17)

A method in a fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210), the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) comprising a jacket (12, 112, 212), 5 and a jacket (12, 112, 212) surrounding the interior of the reactor (10, 110, 210). ) through the fuel inlet, the fluidized gas inlet and the bed material inlet, and the exhaust gas outlet and bed material outlet (20, 220), the method comprising the steps of: (a) introducing fuel and bed material from its inlet into the reactor (10, 110, 210); a bed (126) is formed at the bottom (16, 116, 216) 10 of the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) for fuel treatment,. (b) introducing the fluidizing gas from the fluidizing gas inlet, near the bottom (16, 116, 216) of the reactor (10, 110, 210), or through one or more angled (18, 118, 218) or the like, through the bed (126) and through the bed for fluidizing the bed material, (c) forming a gas to be removed by reacting the fuel in the bed (126) and above the bed (126); (d) removing the gas to be removed from the reactor (10, 110, 210) through a gas outlet; (126) through a bed material discharge connection (20, 220) opening in the vicinity of the bottom (16, 116, 20 216) of the reactor (10, 110, 210), (f) moving one or more transfer members (24, 124, 224, 228) to the fluidized bed reactor; (10, 110, 210) in the bed (126) relative to the bed material, or moving the bed (126) relative to one or more transfer members (24, 124, 224, 228), thereby transferring the bed material and / or other material within the bed material; · · characterized in that said method further comprises the step of: (g) In step f, if desired, moving the same moving member (24, 124, 224, 228) at different heights. • 12 106889 Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat därav, att under fasen (f) skjuts material med skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) account without display (20, 220) för avlägsning av material frän reactom (10, 110,210) . 3. Förfarande enligt patent filav 1 eller 2, kännetecknat därav, att under fas (f) and skjutningsorganets (24, 124, 224, 228), tiredliga delar, fördelaktigt hela skjutningsorganet (24,124,224,228) inne i bädden (126). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in step (f), the transfer means (24, 124, 224, 228) transfers material in the vicinity of the bed material removal connection (20, 220) for removing material from the reactor (10, 110, 210). 5 Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step (f) the transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) is substantially within the bed (126), preferably the entire transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228). 4. Förfarande enligt face av de tidigare patent kraven, kännetecknad därav, fig 10 skjutningsorganet skjuts väsentligen i en vertical riktning. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) is moved in a substantially vertical direction. 5. Förfarande enligt face av de tidigare patent kraven, kännetecknat därav, att bäddmaterialets utlopp (20, 220) and interest in reactors (10, 110, 210) brochures försluten med et förslutningsorgan, säsom med en ventil, lucka eller annat 15 (f) the following materials (20, 220): (h) these materials are used (20, 220). 20 6. Förfarande enligt face av de tidigare patent kraven, kännetecknat därav, att such Mekaniska skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) skjuts genome att rotera det, fördelaktigt runt en Axel som fördelaktigt and tiredly vertically och som. 10, 110, 210) innerdels botten (16, 116, 216). 25 · « A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bed material discharge connection (20, 220) is closed during the majority of the operating time of the reactor (10, 110, 210) 15 by a closure member such as a flap, hatch or the like. h) opening said closure outlet (20, 220) closed by a closure member to guide material in the vicinity thereof to the outlet (20,220). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said mechanical transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) is rotated by rotation, preferably near the center (22, 116, 216) of the bottom (16, 116, 216) of the inner part of the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210). , 122, 222) about an axially extending, preferably substantially vertical, axis. . 25 The skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) is a reactor reactor (10, 110, 210), the reactor is activated and the fluid reactor (18, 118, 218) is connected to a fluid reactor (10, 110, 210). 110, 210) bädd (126) för fluidisering av bäddmaterial, och minst i en del av fluidiserande gasens munstycken. · 30 (18, 118, 218) eller motsvarande har anordnats en munstycksyta, flickering 106-889 skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) har anordnats minst delvis, fördelaktigt i sin helhet rörbar i bärddmaterialet i förhällande till bärddmaterialet, bördelaktigt tiräslligen i munstycksytans riktning, och därigenom skjuta bärddmaterialet och / elleret och / eller up to the end (20, 220), the telescopic body (24, 124, 224, 228), the omfattar body (130), the vertical arm for the skating and the head (126) was the head. A transfer fluid (24, 124, 224, 228) in a fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) to which one or more nozzles (18, 118, 218) or the like are arranged to introduce fluidizing gas into the bed (10, 110, 210) of the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210). 126) for fluidizing the bed material, and at least a portion of the fluidizing gas nozzles (18, 118, 218) or the like 30 is formed with a nozzle surface disposed, preferably 13 106889 substantially in the direction of the nozzle surface, preferably in its entirety, within the bed material to move relative to the bed material, and thus to transfer the bed material and / or other material in the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210), preferably in the vicinity of the bed material outlet (20, 220) 5, characterized in that , 228) comprises means (130), such as a vertical arm, for moving it in the bed (126) at different heights. 8. Skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) enligt patent krav 7, kännetecknat därav, att 10 skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) omfattar en Axel som fördelaktigt vertik och som fördelaktigt Löper närä närä 124 (24) av corded deactivated (10, 110, 210) innerdels botten (16, 116, 216), omnidirected by Axel skjutningsorganet (24, 124,224, 228) anordnats att rotera. A transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) according to claim 7, characterized in that the transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) preferably comprises close to the bottom (16, 116, 216) of the inner part of the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 10 210). ), an axis, preferably substantially vertical, extending about a center point (24, 124, 224) about which a rotation member (24, 124, 224, 228) is arranged. 9. Skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) enligt patentkrav 7 eller 8, kännetecknat därav, att skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) business förhällande till sin rörelseriktning i tvärriktningen längsträckt account formen och fördelaktigt väsentligt mindre än längden av sin längsträckta riktning. The transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) has an elongated and preferably indirect shape in the transverse direction with respect to the sweating direction and a substantially longitudinal extension in its height. less. 10. Skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) enligt face av patentkraven 7-9, kännetecknat därav, att skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) and the account is exempt gasens Ström. A transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) is at least partially tracked, for example by its wing shape, to be moved by a flow of fluidizing gas. 11. Skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) enligt face av patentkraven 7-10, stump därav, att skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) and rostrite ster ellerisk keramiskt, och / eller det anordnats nerkyld, account exempel genome att leda vlien eller luft inne i skjutningsorganet. * ·. 12. Skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) enligt face av patentkraven 7-11, 19 106889 kännetecknad därav, att skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224,228) anordnats att ran an external account react (10, 110, 210). , I am working in a cramped production bruksenergi anordnats att skutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) medelst en brukssammanfogning (130, 230) som anordnats i skjutningsorganet, fördelaktigt en 5 arm, Axel eller motarvarande. Transfer means (24, 124, 224, 228) according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the transfer means (24, 124, 224, 228) is made of stainless steel or ceramic material and / or is cooled. , for example, by directing water or air inside. A transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the transfer member (24, 124, 224, 228) is adapted to be movable in a reactor (10, 110, 210). an external power source, the driving energy of which is arranged to move the transmission member (24, 124, 224, 228) through a driving link (130, 230) fitted thereto, preferably a shaft, an axle or the like. 13. Vortex reactor (10, 110, 210) som fördelaktigt anordnats att producera i synnerhet dye, reacting cerebral reactor (10, 110, 210) omfattar en reacttoms (10,110,210) innerdel omgivande mantle (12,112,212), och 10 inloppet för fluidiserande gas, - inloppet for fast bäddmaterial, - utloppet for för den gas som skall avlägsnas, - utloppet (20, 220) för bäddmaterial som öppnar sig i reactants (10, 110, 210) 15 botten (16,116,216) eller i närheten av bottn , som anordnats att ledas genome mutein (12, 112, 212), vidare omfattar stranded reaction (10, 110, 210) to eller flera head reactants (10, 110, 210) botten (16, 116, 216) eller i unavoidably reactive botten anordnade munstycken (18, 118, 218), som förenats med inlopp för fluidiserande gas, för ledning av fluidiserande 20 gas account react (10, 110, 210) bädd (126) för fluidisering av these bädd (126), och ätminstone delvis , fördelaktigt i sin helhet i bäddmaterialet anordna t skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) som anordnats att skordas i förhällande account båddmaterialet, för skjutning av bäddmaterial och / eller annat material bland båddmaterialet, fördelaktigt account invariably av båddmaterialets top 25, 20, d, 20 (22, 22) omfattar organ (130), säsom en vertikal • · ·. arm för dess skjutning i bädden (126) pä olika höjder. A fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210), preferably preferably sequenced to provide thermal energy, the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) comprising a jacket (12, 112, 212) surrounding the inside of the reactor (10, 110, 210), and a jacket (12, 112, 212) arranged to pass through - at the bottom (16, 116, 216) or at the bottom of the fuel inlet, the 10 fluidised inlet, - the solid bed inlet, - the exhaust gas outlet, and - the reactor (10, 110, 210) in addition to the bed material outlet (20, 220), 15, the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) comprises a nozzle (18, 18, 16, 116, 216) arranged at the bottom (16, 116, 216) of the reactor (10, 110, 210); 118, 218) or similar fluidizing gas into the bed (126) of the reactor (10, 110, 210) for fluidizing said bed (126), and at least partially, preferably in its entirety, inside the bed material 20 for moving material relative to the material, for transferring bed material within the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) and / or other material within the bed material, preferably in the vicinity of the bed material outlet (20, 220), characterized in that 24, 124, 224, 228) comprises means (130), such as a vertical arm, for moving it in the bed (126) at different heights. 14. Vortex reactor (10, 110, 210) enligt patent crav 13, rotating nose dart, att det Mekaniska skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) anordnats att rotera, * ♦ '30 fördelaktigt omkring den väsentligen upright axeln som loppen närä av twine reactors (10, 110, 210) inner rotor, and the detector horizontal reactors (10, 110, 210) inner rotor rotatorshöjd väsentligen en cirkel. Fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) according to claim 13, characterized in that the mechanical transfer means (24, 124, 224, 228) is arranged to rotate, preferably near the bottom (16, 116,) of the inner part of the fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210). 216) 30 center points (24, 124, 224) extending, preferably substantially vertically, about axis 106 106889, and that preferably the horizontal section of the inner part of the reactor (10, 110, 210) at a height of rotation of the transfer means (24, 124, 224, 228) is substantially circular . 15. Vortex reactor (10, 110, 210) enigt patent engraving 13 eller 14, turnbuckle dart, such as the material end (20, 220) anordnats vid self-scanning förslutbar och öppningsbar med et förslutningorgan för ledning av materialet i närheten av (20,220) vid selfish. Fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that said bed material outlet (20, 220) is arranged to be closed and opened by a closure member to guide material in the vicinity of the outlet (20, 220) if desired. 220). 16. Snare Reactor (10, 110, 210) Enigt face av patent craven 13-15, duct tape, att den and en bubblande snare reactor eller en circulerande snare reactor. Fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that it is a bubble fluidized bed reactor or a circulating fluidized bed reactor. Fluidized bed reactor (10, 110, 210) according to one of the preceding claims 13 to 16, characterized in that at least a part of the fluidizing gas nozzles (18, 118, 218) or the like is provided with a nozzle surface in which the nozzles (18, 118, 218) preferably in substantially the same plane as the displacement member (24, 124, 224, 228) disposed on the nozzle surface and arranged substantially parallel to said nozzle surface. • · 16 106889 l.Förfarande i en Snare Reactor (10, 110, 210), Flammable Snare Reactor (10, 110, 210) omfattar en Reactions (10, 110, 210) innerdel omgivande mantle (12, 112, 5 212) och ett in the top of the brand, in the top of the fluidiserande gas och that in the top of the light bulb genome pins (12, 112, 212), in the top of the head of the light bulb genome (20, 220), in the light of the head faser: (a) bränsle och bäddmaterial leds ffän sitt inlopp in i reactom (10, 110, 210), 10 att pä virvelbäddreaktoms (10,110, 210) botten (16, 116, 216) bildas en bädd (126) för behandling av bränsle, (b) fluidiserande gasen leds ffän fluidiserande gasens inlopp, account without delay (10, 110, 210) botten eller genom en eller flera munstycken (18, 118, 218) eller motsvarande som anordnats pä bottnen, i bädden (126) och 15 genome bädden, för fluidisering av bäddmaterialet, (c) gasen som skall avlägsnas image genome att bringa brand att reader (126) och ovanför bädden (126), (d) gasen som skall avlägsnas avlägsnas ffän reactom (10, 110, 210) genom utloppet för gasen som skall avlägsnas, 20 (e) material avlägsnas ffän bädden (126) genom utloppet (20, 220) som öppnar sig i närheten av reactants (10,110,210) botten (16, 116, 216) (f) et eller flera skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) skjuts i förhällande account bäddmaterialet i virvelbäddreaktoms (10, 110, 210) bädd (126), eller bädden (126) skjuts i förhällande account et eller flera skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 25 228), och sleles skjuts bäddmaterialet och / eller annat «Bäddmaterialet, kännetecknat därav, att nämnda förfarande vidare omfattar fasen: (g) vid een skanuts et och samma skjutningsorgan (24, 124, 224, 228) under fasen (f) pä olika höjder. 30 17 106889 17. The vortex reactor (10, 110, 210) is operatively disposed on a patent groove 13-16, 15 in a rotating manner, with the aid of a fluid vessel (18, 118, 218) for fluidiserande gasen eller motarsvarande anordnats en munstycksyta (18). , 118, 218) anordnats fördelaktigt väsentligen on samma soon, Pään munstycksyta skjutningsorganet (24, 124, 224, 228) anordnats skjutbar, fördelaktigt väsentligen i samma on riktning som such munstycksyta. 20 • · · «I