FI101494B - Self-supporting log-like building elements - Google Patents

Description

101494

SELF-SUPPORTING LOGOUS BUILDING ELEMENT

The invention relates to a self-supporting log-like building element according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention relates to the construction of detached houses. Small houses are now built of logs, lumber and boards, as well as elements made of these. Efforts have been made in the industry for prefabricated parts, which could be used to complete 10 buildings quickly and with little labor. Prefabricated packages of logs and lumber have been developed, which are assembled from finished parts.

Although some sort of quick erection has been achieved with turnkey buildings, the assembly of parts and the electrical, plumbing and interior work of the buildings still require 15 skills and a lot of individual tailoring as well as a great deal of man-hours. The building kits are small, which contributes to the share of design work per building.

In general, it can also be said that where simpler methods and cost savings have been achieved in the construction industry, it has unacceptably often led to a significant reduction in the quality of buildings.

. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide the factory with the necessary accessories, such as surface treatment, electrical,; . 25 building element with telecommunication and HVAC cables and pipes. Thanks to their dimensional accuracy and structure, the elements can be simply and quickly stacked on tops to achieve a finished finish. The work can be performed by a skilled person and nevertheless the work result is both technically and visually at a previous level of customization or even better.

: 30 «·« This is achieved by a building element according to the invention, the main of which is β *. The most characteristic features are set out in the characterizing part of the appended claim 1.

• ·

The building element according to the invention is thus a log-like element with: '. 35 a substantially vertical outer side surface and a vertical inner side surface, such as an insulating portion therebetween, and members connecting the insulating portion and said side surfaces. The insulating part of a building element is a load-bearing structure receiving a vertical load, which is substantially the height of the element but so narrow that there is an intermediate space at least on one side of the insulating part, between the insulating part and the outer and / or inner surface. The intermediate space or spaces have transverse members attached to the side surface or surfaces and the insulating part. The building elements are shaped in such a way that they are self-guiding! can be stacked on top of each other as a base-5 structure.

The building element according to the invention is a completely finished part of a finished building. Its outer side surface has received the desired coating at the factory, as has its inner side surface. The outer side surface and the inner side surface are preferably molded. The outer surface 10 can be wood veneer, wood pulp, stone pulp or recycled pulp made of various materials. The surface can be treated at the factory in any way. The inner surface is preferably of the same material as the outer surface, but is subjected to any surface treatment at the factory, such as painting, wallpapering, plating, etc. Any profile, for example a decorative profile, can be applied to the side surfaces.

15

A detached house erected from a log-like building element according to the invention resembles primarily a wooden building. Different coatings and shapes of the element provide the widest possible range of effects.

20 The insulating part of the building element forms the load-bearing structure of the element and alone provides the necessary thermal and other insulation. The special part is a sealed waterproof housing. : lo inside the element. The core of the insulating part is, for example, mineral wool and the heart is internal. \: The surfaces have a support plate. The core part is preferably made of cellular plastic or mineral wool and the load-bearing sheets are preferably plywood sheets. Alternatively, the core portion may be. 25 as a load-bearing part of the insulating part, in which case it is, for example, structural mineral wool in which the direction of the "" fiber planes is vertical. In this case, the side surfaces of the insulating part may have a dense film or plate.

• · · • · ·

Between the insulating part and one or both side surfaces there is a space in which all the necessary pipes and wires of the building, such as electrical, telecommunication, data network and HVAC cables, can be placed. In overlapping building elements, these intermediate spaces are con- .. [.; transverse members attached to the side surfaces and the insulating part. and through the openings in them. Thus formed between the insulating part and the side surface. a unified air space that ventilates the walls of the intermediate space.

35: '*. : The building element is designed to guide itself in place over the element below. The upper and lower planes of the elements are shaped to overlap or form-lock each other, which means that the superimposition of the elements cannot be erroneous, but they themselves overlap exactly with respect to the width direction of the element. Alternatively, if the upper and lower planes of the elements are not so shaped, an aid can be used which is inserted through the openings in the transverse members to guide the elements exactly 5 on top of each other with respect to the width direction.

The longitudinal layout follows, for example, the markings made on the elements or the drawings of the building.

10 Due to the factory production of the building elements, they are absolutely dimensionally accurate and therefore there are no difficulties in assembling them due to dimensional emissions.

With the building element according to the invention, construction becomes childishly easy. The elements are light to handle, even liftable alone. The elements are attached to each other thanks to gravity alone. Glue can also be used to attach the elements to each other. The adhesive is applied to one or both of the opposing surfaces, or alternatively the surfaces may be prefabricated with an adhesive and a covering strip. In addition or alternatively, fastening elements which can be threaded through the openings of the elements can be used as fastening means.

20

Proper construction is automatic because the elements have the right surface finish ready. ·. treatments, moisture barriers, ventilation slots, etc. Making various immersions and notches- ^ ''. is easy even with simple tools. Electrical and thermal work and, if necessary • «·.; * data network work on the elements has already been done at the factory. The connection accessories that are missing in connection with the element assembly phase are only quickly locked in place.

• ··· :: According to calculations, an externally and internally finished detached house with all electrical, plumbing and heating equipment will be erected in a time that is about 1/20, which is a small fraction of the time of erecting a similar detached house today. : 30 vie.

• · * • · · • · · · ·. The most significant advantage of the invention is that the finished wall is created quickly and with low construction costs. Construction is cheap and the end result is always good.

'* By means of component construction, the following are achieved visually and technically: * · .. 35 wall surfaces similar to traditional wood construction, with all the traditional wood. . ; the benefits of construction and which is technically even better in some respects.

• · 4 101494 A wall made of such an insulated log-like building element resembles a paneled surface with an externally selectable surface. Alternatively, the wall can be completely smooth. As a surface coating, almost any coating can be applied to the surface of the mold.

5

In regions and countries where there is no skilled labor available in the hoists, such labor is very expensive, construction finds itself in a completely new situation. Construction is cheap, fast and of high quality, even with very little effort.

10

Thanks to its dimensional accuracy, the building element enables a comprehensive, quantified delivery down to the smallest part. In principle, no sawdust is generated on the construction site.

The building element according to the invention makes it possible to produce wooden houses centrally in one place in large series. The components can always be obtained in an optimal form and are easily transported over long distances.

In its most preferred embodiment, the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the building element and the upper surface of the element connecting them are molded into one piece, the shell part of the element. The guide members of the element as well as the possible side surfaces. The shape-based decoration is obtained simply by molding the racket.

25 The shell part of a building element can be wood veneer, wood pulp, stone pulp, recycled pulp. can, plastic or something similar.

• · · ♦ · · »·· •» · V * Bark part of a building element made of wood veneer: J: 30 The shell part of an element can be made of wood veneer, in which case its properties are mainly: T: similar to solid wood panel, although without some weaknesses of solid wood. The desired appearance is achieved by choosing a surface veneer. When cross-glued, the extrudate lives and cracks considerably less than solid wood and is therefore a more trouble-free and more suitable substrate for surface treatment, e.g. painting. Extrusion as a painting base; · ·. 35 is further improved by laminating e.g. resin paper to the surface of the press.

: * ·. · Painting conditions and the paint chemistry used can be optimized thanks to factory painting. The durability of the paint surface is now largely dependent on the durability of the paint itself.

5 101494

The bark part of a building element made of wood pulp

The bark part of the element can be made of wood pulp, such as mdf (middle density fiber) and hdf (high density fiber) pulp. In terms of cost, wood pulp molding is considerably cheaper than wood veneer molding. The wood pulp press does not achieve a clear woody property, but instead other good properties. By veneering the surface, it can even give the appearance of wood.

The vertical profile of the shell part is easy to modify as desired. The painting properties of wood pulp (mdf) extrudate-10 are better than any other wood product. Depending on its composition, wood pulp has a wider potential to affect fire or weather resistance.

Other material options 15

In principle, the shell part of a building element can be made of any mass which, only in terms of its technical properties, is suitable for the desired shape and purpose. Various stone and plastic compacts used, for example, in sanitary furniture are well suited as a raw material for the shell part.

20

It is also possible to make the shell part from recycled / recycled pulp, especially such. ·. for sites where the level of requirements is not as high as in Finland. Such. ·. '; applications include, for example, developing countries, disaster areas, temporary project construction. ' ie all sites where construction must be cheap and fast.

· * 25 • · «• ·· j The fire resistance of a building element can be substantially increased by laminating a thin layer of metal under the surface veneer. The metal layer can also be connected, for example, as a surface layer of the extruder • · · V: if special properties are desired for the element, eg in cold rooms or the like. As surface alternatives, all other methods known in the wood and press industry, such as forming various films on the surface, e.g. melamine films, IKI coatings and PVC coatings, can also be used.

The building element according to the invention is furthermore ecological. It is made from renewable resources. It is heat-efficient. Its paint finish takes notice-! ‘. 35 usually longer than in conventional buildings. The construction of Taio only produces waste in one place, ie the manufacturing plant, so the waste problem is easier to solve. It is packed only once and transported only once, to the construction site.

6 101494

The following is a more detailed description of some preferred embodiments of the building elements according to the invention with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Figure 1 shows a building element according to the invention in vertical section; Fig. 2 shows a vertical section of two superimposed building elements according to Fig. 1 and a building element above them before it is placed on top of the previous ones; Figure 3 shows a partial horizontal section along the line III in Figure 1; Fig. 4 shows a partial horizontal section of Fig. 1 along the line IV: Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the building element according to Fig. 1; Figure 6 shows a building element according to a second embodiment, in which the side surfaces of the element are of a second shape; Figure 7 shows a building element according to a second embodiment, in which the side surfaces of the element are still of a second design; Fig. 8 shows three building elements according to the second embodiment in the state according to Fig. 2, in which the upper surface of the element and the side surfaces of the element are different pieces; Fig. 9 shows a building element according to a second embodiment, which lacks an upper surface; Fig. 10 shows three building elements according to Fig. 9 in the state according to Fig. 2; . ·. Fig. 11 shows a horizontal section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 10; •,: Fig. 12 shows a building element according to the second embodiment, which lacks a lower surface; '. Fig. 13 shows three building elements according to Fig. 12 in the * * ♦ * ··: state according to Fig. 2; • 7 • · · * ·· ♦ * Fig. 14 shows a horizontal section along the line XIV-XIV in Fig. 13; v: Fig. 15 shows a building element according to a second embodiment, which lacks both an upper surface and a lower surface; : 30 Fig. 16 shows three building elements according to Fig. 15 in the • · · state according to Fig. 2; ‘Fig. 17 shows a horizontal section along the line XVII-XVII in Fig. 16; Fig. 18 shows a horizontal section along the line XVIH-XVIII in Fig. 16; Fig. 19 shows two building elements 35 according to a further second embodiment, without control means formed by the side surfaces, in a state in which: '·. i the elements are at a small vertical distance from each other; Fig. 20 shows, as shown in Fig. 19, two building elements according to a second embodiment, in which only one side surface has guide means; and Fig. 101494 Fig. 21 shows, as shown in Fig. 19, two building elements according to a second embodiment, in which the control means are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the element.

The building element according to Figures 1-5 is the best embodiment of the invention, which comprises all the solutions according to the invention optimally implemented. The log-like building element is denoted by the number 10. The element comprises a load-bearing insulating part 1 closed between the molded shell part 9 and the lower surface 6. The insulating part comprises a core part 2 of insulating material and support plates 3 fixed to its side surfaces 10. The shell part 9 comprises an outer side surface 7 and an inner side surface 8 of the element and an upper surface 5 in one piece therewith. The lower surface 6 has a U-shaped vertical section and its branches 11 7, 8 inner surface.

The side surfaces 7, 8 of the element are inclined inwards at their upper edges so that the side surfaces have an inwardly bent part 12 and above it a vertical part 13. Both side surfaces 7, 8 extend at their lower edges somewhat below the lower surface 6. Thus, a space is formed between the lower surface 6 and the lower parts of the side surfaces 7, 8, in which the upper part 20 of the element formed by the side walls 7, 8, the upper edges and the upper surface 5 of the element fits precisely. Thanks to the compatibility, the elements are automatically guided exactly on top of each other with respect to the width direction of the element. Thanks to the shape lock and gravity, the elements adhere to each other so well that not necessarily others. '. fastening means required.

* ·: | The spaces between the plates 3 of the insulating part 1 and the side surfaces of the element are marked with the number 14. The upper surface 5 and the lower surface 6 of the element have openings 15 at the intermediate spaces 14. The openings are elongate and the distance between the openings is smaller, preferably «· V; significantly smaller than the length of the opening. This creates an air space connection between the overlapping elements through the openings 15, because the upper and lower surfaces of the two overlapping elements coming into contact with each other so that their openings at least partially overlap, regardless of the longitudinal position of the elements relative to each other.

«T This airspace connection ensures ventilation of the element. The airspace connection allows wires and pipes to be routed from one element level to another. The intermediate space 14 itself allows the pipes *. *. i and bringing the wires hidden in the walls along the walls. The interconnected openings also allow the use of mechanical fastening means.

8 101494

The core 2 of the insulating part 1 is, for example, mineral wool or cellular plastic, and the support plates 3 attached to it are preferably plywood. The shell part 9 is a pulp suitable for the intended use, which is suitable for molding. The lower surface 6 of the element is preferably of the same mass, but it can also be of a different material. The upper and lower surfaces 5 5 and 6 rest on or are attached to the insulating part and the branches 11 of the lower surface are fixed inside the side surfaces 7, 8.

Figures 1-4 are shown on an approximately 1: 2 scale. The width of the element is thus preferably about 250 to 300 mm and the height preferably about 150 to 180 mm. It is clear 10 that the dimensions of the elements have no significant effect on its structure and functionality. The element is preferably made in lengths of about 3-4 m. The optimal production length is determined by experience and the capabilities of the factory. The elements can be extended during the construction phase, e.g. by connecting two successive elements, preferably by means of a suitable spacer. The spacer is fitted inside the 15 opposite log ends in means provided for them, for example in recesses formed in the insulating part, to which the spacer is attached when the logs are pushed exactly opposite each other. The spacer may be metal, plastic, wood or other suitable material. The spacer is precisely adapted to fill the space created for it in order to maintain full insulation power.

20

The thickness of the shell part 9 as well as the lower surface is of the order of 8-16 mm. Control-. . the length of the devices, ie the overlapping area of the overlapping elements, is high,. · About 20 mm. The height of the tapered upper part of the element is slightly higher, i.e. about / * 35 -40 mm. Due to this height difference, a groove 16 is created in the wall surface, which has a decorative effect. It is clear that even the rivets mentioned here do not have a significant effect on the structure and functionality of the element, but may vary depending on various factors.

• · · 9 · · • * · r

The dimensions of the core 2 of the insulating part 1 depend on the application of the element. Likewise, the strength of the support plates 3 is completely dependent on the application.

** · *

• I I

Figure 2 shows the overlapping layouts of the elements, their maneuverability and the shape interlocking.

; Figures 3 and 4 show horizontal sections of the building element according to Figure 1 along lines III-III and IV-IV. The upper and lower surfaces 5 and 6 of the element have elongate openings 15 arranged in a row at the intermediate spaces 14. The openings are elongate and their length is substantially greater than the distance between the openings. This ensures the formation of a uniform air space regardless of the position of the elements with respect to the longitudinal direction.

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the building element according to Figures 1-4.

The embodiments according to Figures 6 and 7 have different types of side surfaces. In Figure 6, the inner side surface 17 is smooth and slightly sloping downwards and outwards. Due to the bevel, the upper part of the element is narrower than the lower part receiving the upper part and fits it shape-precisely. The branch portion 18 of the lower surface is correspondingly inclined inwards.

10 In Fig. 6, the outer side surface 19 is profiled in its central part to form a vague decorative image.

In Fig. 7, the outer side surface 20 is formed slightly curved below the overlapping area. A groove 21 is formed in the overlapping area. The inner side surface 22 is vertical and the guide means 15 are formed so that no groove is created, but the wall continues smoothly in the wall surface formed by the overlapping elements.

Figure 8 shows an embodiment according to the invention, in which the side surfaces 23 and 24 of the element are different pieces and the upper surface 25 and 26 of the element are different pieces. The side surfaces 20 are preferably molded, with the top and bottom surfaces being straight plates. The side surfaces are preferably slightly thicker than the top and bottom surfaces. The upper edge area * '** of the side surfaces is inclined inwards at 27 and is above 28 in the vertical:. '· I straight. The lower edge area 29 of the side surfaces is correspondingly widened by removing the edge strip from the inside of the surfaces. The upper surface 25 is preferably attached to both the insulating part. t · {· 25 that the end faces of the side surfaces and the bottom surface, respectively, of the insulating part and the notched end surface of the side surfaces t are the same. Thus ele- x * j *; the tapered upper part of the element fits exactly into the notched position of the lower edge region of the element and the surfaces 25 and 26 adhere to each other. As a result of the dimensions used. ·. arises below the overlapping area Mon 31.

30 I «» ·, The upper and lower surfaces 25, 26 may be of a different material or of the same material as the side surfaces.

(, 1; Figures 9-18 show building elements according to the invention, in which the insulating part .. 't is covered only by the upper surface or only by the lower surface or not both.

i i »\. 35 \ \ · '·': The most preferred embodiments of the invention are those in which the insulating part is a closed housing. This is the case in the embodiments of Figures 1-8. Attached to the side surfaces 7 and 8 of the insulating part 101414 is a plywood board 3 and its upper and lower surfaces rest on or are fixedly attached thereto. The upper and lower surfaces 5 and 6 of the building element, respectively, may be replaced by a film or other board. . The fastening of the surfaces to the insulating part is carried out according to a method known per se, for example by lamination.

The housing-like nature of the insulating part increases its strength and thus its strength. Its airtightness is also guaranteed, provided, of course, that the side surfaces are airtight.

However, the invention can also be applied in such a way that the building element comprises only the lower surface or only the upper surface. Figures 9-11 show a building element without an upper surface and Figures 12-14 respectively without a lower surface.

In the wall 31 formed of the building elements according to Fig. 9, Fig. 10, the airtightness of the insulating part 15 is ensured, because the insulating parts 1, between which there is always one lower surface 6 of the element, support each other. The fastening of the building elements to each other and their controllability is preferably achieved in such a way that the side surfaces 7 and 8 of the element and the lower surface 6 are formed in one piece, in which the angular areas 32 between the surfaces are reinforced. Reception notches 33 are formed in the two corner areas 32 to receive the upper edges of the side surfaces of the underlying element. The distance between the upper edges is narrowed by forming a small inward bend 12 on the side surfaces, from which the side surfaces continue vertically upwards. The side surfaces 7 and 8 thus overlap in the same way as in the embodiment according to Fig. 2, for example.

: X: 25 Fig. 11 shows a horizontal section along the line XI-XI, showing that the openings 15 in the lower surface 6 extend somewhat to the angular area 32.

·· · • · · ·. Figures 12-14 show a similar solution with the difference that the building element has • · ·. ···. only the upper surface but not the lower surface. The side surfaces 7 and 8 are integral with the upper surface 5 • · · 30. The distance between the upper edges of the side surfaces 7 and 8 is again narrowed by forming. inward bending 12 on the side surfaces, from which the side surfaces continue vertically upwards. The lower edges of the side surfaces are formed with a triangular cross-section • · · ’Tome reinforcement 34, the base pointing downwards. The base of the reinforcement 34 is: · · i made a small notch 35 at the level of the lower edge of the insulating part. On the other side of the notch 35, the side surface 7, 8 of the element extends substantially below the lower edge of the insulating part. For the portion 36 of the reinforcement 34 on the other side of the notch 35, a second small notch 37 is formed in the upper surface of the element. ': The upper surface 5 and the lower edges of the side surfaces with their reinforcements 34 are locked in shape precisely. The insulating part 1 is completely enclosed between the upper surfaces 5 and the stability of the structure is ensured by said form locking.

Fig. 14 shows a horizontal section along the line XIV-XIV, showing that the openings 15 fit in the area between the notch 37 and the insulating part.

Figures 15-18 show an embodiment of a building element without a top or bottom surface of the element. The side surface 7 of the element, on the other hand, is profiled in such a way that two L-shaped profiles 38 and 10 39 are fastened between the side surface 7 and the insulating part 2, the former facing upwards at the upper edge area and the latter facing downwards at the lower edge area. In the upper area of the side surface 7 there is an inward bending 12, above which the side surface continues vertically. The lower edge of the side surface extends substantially below the lower edge of the insulating part.

The second side surface 43 of the element is attached directly to the side surface of the insulating part. It is the same height as the insulating part 2 but slightly shifted downwards. Thus, the element guides itself to the correct position on the previous element and locks in that position thanks to the overlapping side surfaces 7 and 43. The insulating parts support each other directly.

20

It will be seen from the sectional views 17 and 18 that the openings 15 are formed in the horizontal parts of the profiles 38 and 39. Here, the side surface 7 forms the outer side surface and the side surface 8 the inner surface. The side surface 8 can be, for example, gypsum board or other similar board suitable as an inner wall. The side surface 7 with the horizontal parts formed by the profiles 38 and 39 with the openings 15,: · ·: 25, cannot be replaced by a side surface directly attached to the insulating part. In this case, the ventilation provided by the uniform · * · .. airspace would be lacking, which would make the wall structure non-functional.

• · · • · · ·. . ·. The side surface 8 attached to the insulating part can instead be replaced by a profile wall 7, 38, • · · lllm 39. In this case, the uniform air spaces of the inner wall can be used to route wires and pipes ♦ · ♦ * 30 behind the wall.

• · · * .: · * Figures 19-21 show embodiments of a building element in which the control means are solved in a different way.

....: 35 In the embodiment shown in Figure 19, neither side surface 7 and 8 has guide means. During the construction phase, the openings “15” in the upper and lower surfaces can be utilized by fitting the overlapping openings with an aid which. ·: The largest cross-sectional dimension corresponds to the smallest diameter of the opening. In this way, 12 101494 elements are made to settle directly into the overlapping position. Glue and / or fastening means (not shown in the figures) can be used to fasten the elements to each other.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 20, the second side surface has, for example, the control means according to Fig. 15, while instead the second side surface 40 lacks guide means. The one-sided guidance means make the overlap relatively easy. The attachment is performed in the same manner as in the case of Fig. 19.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 21, neither side wall has guide means. Instead, a protrusion 41 and a corresponding notch 42 are formed on the lower surface and the upper surface of the element, respectively. These are guided "by themselves".

It is clear that the design and equipment of the building element according to the invention can be varied widely within the scope of the appended claims, depending on the intended use.

It is also clear that the term "detached house" should not be understood as meaning only a detached house, but all kinds of halls, factory buildings, schools, hospitals, blocks of flats, etc. are suitable for construction.

The building element according to the invention can be characterized by its technical properties and. ·. : Variability makes use of in many other areas.

»♦ • · • · · φ • · · ···· •« «• ♦ · • · · ··« • · o Φ · c ♦ • φ Φ • · · ·· »··· • · ·

Claims (24)

1. Self-supporting, log-like building elements (10) having substantially vertical outer outer surface (7; 19; 23) and substantially vertical inner lateral surface (8; 17; 24), an insulating member (1) located therebetween, a supporting structure. receiving the vertical load and means connecting the insulation member and said side surfaces, wherein the building elements, when mounted by themselves, pretend to be guided to a position on each other in a supporting structure, characterized in that the insulation member (1) constitutes the supporting structure which receives the vertical load, which is substantially the same height as the element but is so narrow that it has at least one side (preferably the outer side wall, facing side of the outer side wall) a gap (14), and that in the gap and the spaces, respectively, in the side surface and in the insulation part resistance surface fixed, transverse elements (5, 6; 25, 26; 38, 39). 10 Building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the space (14) towards the outer side wall (7) is in contact with the surroundings via openings (15) in the transverse elements. Building element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner side surface of the element is constituted by an inner wall panel (43), for example a plasterboard, which is fixed to the surface of the insulation part (1) facing the inner side surface. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that on each side of the insulating part (1) there is a gap (14) and that each space is in contact with the environment via openings (15) in the transverse elements (5, 6). : '. in Building element according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that: the rings (15) are elongated in the longitudinal direction of the element. * 25 4 • «· ·. . ·. Building element according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that they ···. the transverse elements, which join the insulating member (1) and the side surfaces (7, 8) of the building element, consist of the upper surface (5) and / or lower surface (6) of the building element, which (which) abuts the upper surface of the insulating member or is attached (s) thereto and / or • <: it '/ 30 to the lower surface of the insulation member or is attached thereto and is joined (s) in the outer side surface and the inner side surface Upper and / or lower. · · · · · · · · · Building element according to claim 6, characterized in that its lower surface (6) for its vertical cross-section is U-shaped and that its legs (11) are fixed within the outer and inner side surfaces (7, 8). in Building element according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the transverse elements joining the insulating part (1) and the side surface (7) of the building element 101494 consist of a profile structure having at least two transverse branches, which at one end join the side surface of the building element and at its other end are joined to the side wall (3) of the insulation part. 9. A building element according to claim 8, characterized in that the profile structure comprises two L-shaped flanges (38, 39), whose transverse branches connect to the side surface (7) of the building element and whose vertical branches are connected to the side wall (3) of the insulation part. 10. A building element according to any of the claims 1-9, characterized in that the upper and lower surface (5, 6) of the building element are adapted to each other (28, 29, 30) which are adapted to each other. building elements are controlled in the width of the element in the middle of each other. The building element according to claim 10, characterized in that the control means are means which fit into each other or preferably enclose, one of the means (28; 7; 7, 37; 42.) being in the upper surface of the building element and the other means (29, 30 ; 7, 33; 35, 36; 41. at the corresponding location in the lower surface. Building element according to claim 10, characterized in that the control means are:, ·. formed in the outer or inner side surface of the inner and inner edges or both edges. «T Γ ·. Building element according to claim 10, characterized in that the control means are located in the upper and lower surfaces of the insulation part and are adapted to each other. . ' And male (41, 42). • · · • «« · • i Building element according to claim 13, characterized in that the outer and inner side surfaces (7, 8) are formed at their upper edge to be sloping (12) and at their lower edge are designed to continue directly below the lower surface (6). that the upper part of the element 30 measures precisely between the downwardly extending side walls of the upper element. • · ♦ • · «· • Building element according to any one of claims 6-12, characterized in that the upper and lower surfaces are planks (25, 26) and the outer and inner side surfaces are molded (23, 24) boards. 101494 Building element according to any of the claims 6-12, characterized in that the upper surface (5) and the outer and inner side surfaces (7, 8) are molded into one piece (9). Building element according to any of the claims 1-16, characterized in that one or each of the inner and outer side surfaces has a profile which deviates from a straight profile, the profile preferably being a cup profile (20) or an element profile. (19). Building element according to any of the claims 1-17, characterized in that its outer and inner side surface and / or upper surface and / or lower surface are made of thin wood veneer, wood pulp, recycled pulp, stone pulp or any other similar pulp. 19. A building element according to claim 18, characterized in that some material layer is laminated to the surface of the building element, for example a paper layer, a metal layer, a melamine foil or a plastic foil. 20. A building element according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that some material layer is laminated into the outer and / or inner side surface, for example a metal layer for increasing fire safety. Building element according to any of the claims 1-20, characterized in that the insulation part (1) is airtight. 25. . ·. Building element according to claim 21, characterized in that the insulation part (1). comprises an insulation core (2), for example of polyurethane or mineral wool, and that the supporting surfaces (3) of the tile core surface (3) are fastened, for example by veneers. • »• ·:“ 30 Building element according to claim 21, characterized in that the insulation core (2) of the insulating member (2) is of supporting material, for example structural mineral fibers with: * · *: vertical fiber planes. 24. A building or part of a building, characterized in that it is made of building elements according to any one or more of claims 1-23.