CN1238822A

CN1238822A - Self-supporing log-like building component

Info

Publication number: CN1238822A
Application number: CN97180097A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱尼·塔皮奥·雷珀
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-11-27
Filing date: 1997-11-26
Publication date: 1999-12-15
Also published as: JP2001504561A; FI101494B1; NO992521L; NZ336408A; AU5055698A; GEP20002305B; HUP0000429A3; KR20000069145A; TR199901176T2; SK70799A3; IL130066A0; EE9900212A; BR9713152A; CA2272324A1; NO992521D0; HUP0000429A2; OA11121A; FI101494B; YU23299A; EA199900496A1

Abstract

The publication discloses a log-like building component (10) having an exterior side surface (7), an interior side surface (8), an insulation part (1) between these, and members (5, 6) which interconnect the insulation part and the side surfaces. According to the invention the insulation part (1) of the building component (10) serves as a loadbearing structure. Between the insulation part and the side surfaces there is a void (14) which, via openings in the interconnecting members (5, 6), is in air contact with the voids in the building components above and below. The building components can be self-locatingly stacked one on top of another to form the loadbearing structure of a building. All the necessary wiring and piping of the building can be installed at the factory in the voids (14) in the components, and the side surfaces (7, 8) can be given a coating finish at the factory. A building completely ready for use can be erected very rapidly from building components according to the invention.

Description

Self-supporing log-like building component

The present invention relates to a kind of self-supporing log-like building component as described in the preamble as claimed in claim 1.

The present invention relates to the structure of low-rise building.Low-rise building is generally made by log, sawn timber and plate and by the member that these materials are made.A purpose in this field is to use the quick and low labour cost ground establishment building of pre-constructed unit.Obtained tremendous development by the log of prefabricated units installation and the finishing in sawn timber house.

Although realized rapid installation in a way for " contracting " building,, the installation of the parts of building and electric fixtures, HEPAC and internal engineering needs technical ability and many complicated handicrafts and a large amount of man-hours of specialty.Manufacture process shortens, and for its parts, the design work amount of each building has increased.

In a word, also note that in construction industry because the result that worker's method is simplified and cost savings are brought this often means that obviously the quality specifications of building significantly reduces.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of building unit, this building unit produces the precision of final size and can assemble the annex of any necessity in factory, for example surfacing, electric fixtures, telecommunication and HEPAC wiring and stringing.Because its dimensional accuracy and structure, member can be simply and the mode that is positioned on another member end face with one of them member apace stacked, obtained a trimmed complete wall like this.People even without extraordinary technical ability also can finish this work, and however, the result of work is technically still from being in elementary handicraft level in appearance, even better.

This realizes that by building unit of the present invention the essential characteristic of this building unit is described in the characteristic of appended claims 1.

Therefore, building unit of the present invention is a kind of log shape member, it has a main vertical outer surface and a vertical interior side surfaces, also has an isolated part between this outer surface and inner surface, and the parts that make isolated part and the interconnection of described side surface.The isolated part of building unit is a kind of bearing structure, it can bear a kind of vertical load, this structure height is identical with member basically but width is narrower, therefore at least in a side of isolated part, has a space between isolated part and outer surface and/or inner surface.Be provided with cross member in this space or a plurality of space, this cross member is connected with side surface and is connected with isolated part.Building unit designs like this, so it can be stacked on another member end face to form a kind of bearing structure one of them member with self-localization method.

Building unit of the present invention is the complete prefabricated parts of a completed construction.Its outer surface is the same with its inner surface to have carried out required surfacing in factory.Outer surface and inner surface are preferably molded.Outer surface can be by the wood panelling that constitutes with different materials, wooden mixture, building stones mixture or reclaim mixture and make.This surface can be handled arbitrarily in factory.Inner surface is preferably by making with the outer surface identical materials, but it can carry out surfacing arbitrarily in factory, for example paint, wallpaper, panelling etc.Side surface can be any shaped piece, for example a kind of decoration shaped piece.

By the main similar a kind of building of making by panelling of the low-rise building of log shape building unit construction of the present invention.Because different surfacing and the shapes of member can obtain significantly different effect.

The isolated part of building unit has constituted the bearing structure of member, and the heat insulation of necessity and other isolation features are provided separately.Isolated part is the waterproof housing of a sealing of member inboard.The core of isolated part is for example made by mineral wool, and has a loaded plate on the side surface of core.Core is preferably made by foamed plastics or mineral wool, and loaded plate is preferably made by veneer.Perhaps core can be the load-carrying unit of isolated part, and in this case, it is for example structural mineral wool, in this structural mineral wool, fibrous face towards being vertical.In this case, on the side surface of isolated part, some airtight films or thin layer can be arranged.

Between isolated part and one or two side surface, be provided with a space, in this space, can build the stringing and the wiring that are necessary, for example electric fixtures, telecommunication, data network and HEPAC wiring and stringing.Member is stacked in the building unit on another member end face therein, and these spaces are by some open communication, and these openings are positioned at the cross member that is connected with isolated part with side surface.Like this, between isolated part and side surface, formed a kind of continuous air chamber that makes the wall energy vented exhaust in space.

Building unit is designed to the top of self-align member thereunder.The upper surface of member and soffit are designed to by stacked or realize interlocking by shape, and the stacked member that is arranged on another member end face with one of them member deviation can not occur like this; They can be self-align on the end face of another member with a member, and in the maintenance precision in a lateral direction of member.Perhaps, if the upper side of member and downside be design so not, can use a kind of servicing unit so,, can promote this servicing unit and pass opening in the cross member for a member is guided on the end face of another member with in a lateral direction precision.

For example, carry out longitudinal register according to the mark that forms on the member or according to working drawing.

Because building unit is prefabricated, its size can be accomplished fully accurately, therefore can not bring the installation difficulty that causes owing to dimensional errors.

The structure of building unit of the present invention becomes simple as children's play.Member is very light, therefore is easy to move, even a people also can lift it.Member only adheres to mutually by gravity.Can also use bonding agent that member is tightened together mutually.Adhesive applicating perhaps should the surface can be provided with in advance and has detachable tectal splicing tape on one or two surface of docking mutually.In addition or substituting be that the securing member that passes the member inner opening can be used as fastener.

Correct structure should be automatically, because member has carried out correct surfacing in advance, is provided with damp-proof course, ventilation voids etc.Promptly use simple tools also can carry out at an easy rate different inlay or cutting.In factory, can in member, carry out the installation and the data network in case of necessity of electric and heat power equipment and install.When member was assembled together, the thing that need do was exactly that will to lock linkage fastening in place.

According to calculating, be equipped with that all are electric, the detachable house with trimmed surfaces externally and internally of water supply and heat power equipment is only building in a period of time of about 1/20, promptly is equivalent to build the sub-fraction of corresponding detachable used time of house.

The most significant advantage of the present invention is to build a complete wall apace with lower construction cost.Construction cost is cheap and final effect is always fine.Can finish a wall surface by the method for systematic building, this wall surface from appearance with the technical wall of building by traditional wooden building method that resembles, and have all advantages that traditional wooden building method provides, but it is technical more advanced in some aspects.

The external surface of a wall of being built by the log shape building unit of this isolation resembles a panel surface, and its shape can freely be selected.Perhaps this wall can be level and smooth fully.The surface that engages with molded surface almost can be made by the arbitrary surfaces material.

There not being the very expensive area of technical ability labour or this labour or national,, can under new fully condition, construct by the present invention.Construct very cheap, use limited labour also can reach high standard fast and promptly.

Because its dimensional accuracy, building unit can transport on a large scale, even comprise the parts that transportation is minimum.In fact, at the construction field (site) need not produce sawn timber.

Building unit of the present invention provides a chance, that is: can adopt centralized system to make the wood building in large quantities in a place.Member also can adopt optimum way to obtain, even and long distance, they also are easy to transportation.

In optimum embodiment, the interconnection upper surface of the outer surface of building unit and inner surface and member has been molded as parts, i.e. the shell parts of member.Can make the self locating device of member and any side surface modification of carrying out based on shape very simply by molded.

The shell parts of building unit can be by a kind of wood panelling, a kind of wooden mixture, a kind of building stones mixture, a kind of recovery mixture, plastics or arbitrarily other similar material make.The shell parts of the building unit of making by wood panelling

The shell parts of member can be made by a kind of wood panelling, although it does not have some shortcomings of solid wood, its characteristic characteristic main and the solid wood plate is alike in this case.By selecting surperficial empiecement can obtain desirable outward appearance.If intersect banded (crossed-banded) plate, compacting wood compares change in size with solid wood and significantly reduce in the crack, and problem is less like this, and is more suitable for as surface-treated substrates such as for example paint.The compacting carpentery workshop is a kind of paint substrate, by making this pressed wood can make better on the surface that for example a kind of melaminated paper is laminated to pressed wood.Owing to paint in factory, the paint condition and the paint chemistry process of employing are optimized.The durability on lacquer surface depends primarily on the durability of material of paint itself like this.The shell parts of the building unit of making by wooden mixture

The shell parts of member can be by wooden mixture, and the mixture of for example a kind of mdf (medium density fiber) or hdf (high-density fiber) is made.The wooden mixture of a kind of compacting is compared cost with the compacting pressed laminated wood and is significantly reduced.When using the wooden mixture of a kind of compacting,, can obtain many other superperformances though can not realize and the timber all fours.If the surface is through veneer, even can obtain the outward appearance of timber.

The vertically profiling of shell parts is easy to be processed into ideal form.The paint performance of suppressing wooden mixture (medium density fiber) is better than the performance of any other woodwork.According to its composition, the wooden mixture of a kind of compacting performance aspect fire prevention and weather resistance is better.The selection of other material

In fact the shell parts of building unit can be made by any mixture, and the mechanical performance of this mixture is fit to required form and purposes.For example be used for the different compacting stone material of washroom apparatus and the raw material that plastic material is highly suitable for doing the shell parts.

Particularly comparing the not high area of statutory standards with Finland, can also make the shell parts by a kind of recovery mixture.These areas comprise developing country, the disaster area, and the temporary structure of an engineering, promptly wherein structure must be cheap and all purposes rapidly.

Can significantly increase the fire line of building unit by under surface panels, laminating one deck thin metal layer.If wishing provides property, for example refrigeration etc. to member, metal level also can be connected the surface course as pressed material.Perhaps, used surfacing also comprises all other known method of timber and pressed material industry.For example form different films from the teeth outwards, for example melamine film, plastic laminates and PVC coating.

In addition, building unit of the present invention meets ecological requirement.It is made by callable natural resource.It is to save heat energy.Its painted surface duration will significantly be longer than traditional building.The structure of building only produces refuse, is production plant that the refuse problem is easy to solve like this in a place.Its only need packing once with transportation once, promptly be transported to the job site.

Describe a plurality of preferred embodiments of building unit of the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 represents the vertical cross-section diagram of a building unit of the present invention;

Fig. 2 represents the vertical cross-section diagram of two building units of the present invention, one of them member of these two building units is stacked on the end face of another member, also makes a building unit be located at state above these two before on the end face that drops to preceding two building units in addition;

Fig. 3 represents along the part of horizontal sectional view of Fig. 1 of III intercepting;

Fig. 4 represents along the part of horizontal sectional view of Fig. 1 of IV intercepting;

Fig. 5 represents the phantom drawing according to the building unit of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 represents the building unit of another embodiment, and wherein the side surface of member has another kind of shape;

Fig. 7 represents the building unit of another embodiment, and wherein the side surface of member has another shape;

Three building units of another embodiment under Fig. 8 presentation graphs 2 states, the upper surface of member is to separate independently element with side surface in these members;

Fig. 9 represents not have the building unit of another embodiment of upper surface;

Under Figure 10 presentation graphs 2 states according to three building units of Fig. 9;

Figure 11 represents among Figure 10 along the horizontal sectional view of XI-XI intercepting;

Figure 12 represents not have the building unit of another embodiment of soffit;

Under Figure 13 presentation graphs 2 states according to three building units of Figure 12;

Figure 14 represents among Figure 13 along the horizontal sectional view of X IV-X IV intercepting;

Figure 15 represents not have the building unit of another embodiment of upper surface and soffit;

Under Figure 16 presentation graphs 2 states according to three building units of Figure 15;

Figure 17 represents among Figure 16 along the horizontal sectional view of X VII-X VII intercepting;

Figure 18 represents among Figure 16 along the horizontal sectional view of X VIII-X VIII intercepting;

Figure 19 represents two building units according to another embodiment, and it does not have the self locating device that is formed by side surface, and it is in the state that each member keeps less vertical distance each other;

Figure 20 is illustrated under the mode of Figure 19 according to two building units of another embodiment, wherein only is provided with self locating device in a side surface therein; With

Figure 21 is illustrated under the mode of Figure 19 according to two building units of another embodiment, and wherein self locating device is positioned at the upper surface and the soffit of member.

Building unit among Fig. 1-5 is a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises optimum all technical schemes implemented of the present invention.Log shape member is represented by label 10.This member comprises a carrying isolated part 1, and this carrying isolated part 1 is encapsulated between molded shell parts 9 and the soffit 6.Isolated part comprises the core 2 of a thermal insulation material, and the side surface that this core 2 is fixed on isolated material is on the loaded plate 3.Shell 9 comprises an outer surface 7 and inner surface 8 of above-mentioned member, and forms a whole upper surface 5 with this outer surface and inner surface.Soffit 6 has U-shaped cross-section, and its branch 11 is connected on the inner surface on

member side surface

7,8.

The top edge on

member side surface

7,8 slopes inwardly, and this side surface has an aduncate part 12 and the vertical component 13 that is positioned on this part 12 that curves inwardly like this.The lower limb of two

side surfaces

7,8 reaches a position in somewhere, soffit 6 below.Like this, between the bottom of soffit 6 and

side surface

7,8, form a space, in this space, can assemble the member top that accurate top edge and the upper surface 5 by a

component sidewall

7,8 that cooperates of a shape formed.Because assembling like this, on the width of member, a member can be accurately self-align on the end face of another member.Because shape locking and action of gravity, what member was good adheres to mutually, so other fastener and inessential.

Space between the plate 3 of isolated part 1 and the side surface of member is represented by label 14.In the upper surface 5 of member and soffit 6 and in the zone in space 14, be provided with opening 15.The opening ovalize, the distance between each opening is less, and preferably remarkable length less than opening.Like this, member is stacked between two members on another member end face therein, realize the connection of air chamber by opening 15, because the corresponding upper surface and the soffit of two stacked members are in contact with one another mutually, therefore regardless of member lengthwise position each other, at least a portion of one of them opening is stacked on the end face of another opening in its each opening.

The ventilation of member has been guaranteed in connection between this air chamber.Air chamber is communicated with wiring and the stringing that can realize from a member aspect to another aspect.Space 14 itself can be implemented in inboard concealed type wiring of wall and stringing.The opening that is in contact with one another can also use mechanical fastening device.

The core 2 of isolated part 1 for example is to be made by mineral wool or foamed plastics, and is preferably made by veneer attached to the plate on the core 23.Shell parts 9 are made by some mixtures that are fit to molded purpose.The soffit 6 of member is preferably made by identical mixture, but it also can be made from a variety of materials.Upper surface and

soffit

5 and 6 abut on the isolated part or are fastened on the isolated part, and the branch 11 of soffit is fastened on the inboard of

side surface

7,8.

Fig. 1-4 describes with about 1: 2 ratio.The width of member preferably is about 250-300mm like this, and it highly preferably is about 150-180mm.Obviously the size of member does not have the influence of essence to its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.Member is preferably made length and is about 3-4m.Best production length is rule of thumb determined with the equipment of factory.Can expand at the construction phase member, for example make two continuous members preferably by using a suitable intermediary element to interconnect.Intermediary element is assemblied in the device that is suitable for this purpose of relative log end inboard, for example is assemblied in the groove that is arranged in isolated part, and when accurately pushing each log it is reclined mutually, intermediary element will produce joint.Intermediary element can be by metal, plastics, and timber or other material that is fit to are made.For the effect that keeps isolating fully, assemble intermediary element exactly so that add the full space that forms for this reason.

The thickness of shell parts 9 and soffit is about 8-16mm.The length of self locating device, be that the stacked thickness that one of them member is stacked in two members on another member end face is about 20mm.The height on the narrower top of member is bigger, promptly is about 35-40mm.Because this difference in height forms a groove 16 in wall surface, this groove has decorative effect.Obviously the size that proposes does not here have the influence of essence yet to the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of member; They can change according to different factors.

The size of the core 2 of isolated part 1 depends on employed member.Equally, the thickness of loaded plate 3 depends on the expection behavior in service fully.

Fig. 2 represents that one of them member is stacked in setting and self-align and its mutual shape locked condition thereof of two members on another member end face.

The building unit of Fig. 3 and 4 presentation graphs 1 is along the horizontal cross-sectional view of III-III and IV-IV intercepting.The upper surface of member and

soffit

5 and 6 have row's oval opening 15 in the zone in space 14.Opening 15 ovalizes, its length are basically greater than the distance between the opening.Regardless of the longitudinal register of member, guaranteed to form a continuous air chamber like this.

The phantom drawing of the building unit of Fig. 5 presentation graphs 1-4.

Fig. 6 and 7 embodiment have difform side surface.In Fig. 6, inner surface 17 smoothly and slightly downwards and outward-dipping.Because this inclination, the top of member is narrower than its underpart, and this bottom holds a top and accurately is assembled together ordinatedly with this shaped upper part.The branch components 18 of soffit is corresponding to slope inwardly.

In Fig. 6, the middle part of outer surface 19 is processed to form uncertain decorative character.

In Fig. 7, outer surface 20 is slight curving below overlay area.In overlay area, form a groove 21.Inner surface 22 is vertical, has formed self locating device, does not therefore have groove to form; In the wall surface that is formed by continuous member, wall is a continuously smooth.

Fig. 8 represents one embodiment of the present of invention, and wherein the side surface 23 and 24 of member is to separate independent component, and the upper surface of member is to separate independent component with soffit 25 and 26.Side surface is preferably mold formed, and upper surface and soffit are straight plates.Side surface is slightly the thickest like upper surface and soffit.27 places slope inwardly the upper edge region of side surface in the position, and the zone 28 in, above position 27, be vertical.In lower limb zone 29, remove a tape by inboard, thereby correspondingly bring the effect of widening from this surface.Upper surface 25 preferably is fastened on the end surfaces of isolated part and side surface, and on the corresponding breach end surfaces 30 that is fastened on isolated part and side surface of soffit.The width of upper surface and soffit is identical.The narrower shaped upper part of member accurately is assemblied in the gap position in lower limb zone ordinatedly like this, and surface 25 and 26 is attached together mutually.Because the size of using has formed a groove 31 below overlay area.

Upper surface and soffit 25 and 26 can be made by material a kind of and that the side surface material is identical or different.

Fig. 9-18 represents building unit of the present invention, and wherein isolated part does not perhaps cover only by a upper surface or only covered by a soffit.

In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, isolated part wherein is a seal casinghousing.These embodiment are shown in Fig. 1-8.A veneer 3 is fixed on the

side surface

7 and 8 of isolated part securely, and the upper surface of building unit and

soffit

5 and 6 are pressed over respectively on the upper surface of isolated part and the soffit or are thereon fastening securely.If the core of isolated part constitutes bearing structure, available a kind of thin slice or some other plate come substituting for plywood.By some known method own, for example can realize the surface is fastened on the isolated part by laminating.

The housing shape feature of isolated part has increased its soundness and and then has increased its intensity.Certainly under the supposition side surface is airtight prerequisite, can guarantee that equally isolated part has tightness.

Yet the present invention also can adopt the building unit that includes only a soffit or a upper surface.Fig. 9-11 expression does not have the building unit of upper surface, and Figure 12-14 expression does not have the building unit of soffit.

As shown in figure 10, in a wall 31 that forms by building unit shown in Figure 9,, the soffit 6 of a member is always arranged between this isolated part 1 wherein, therefore guaranteed the tightness of isolated part because each isolated part 1 presses each other.Preferably realize each building unit mutual fastening with and self-align, so the side surface 7 of member and 8 and soffit 6 form a global facility, the angular zone 32 between each surface in this global facility is strengthened.In two angular zones 32, form receiving channel 33, with the top edge of the side surface that holds the member that is positioned at the below.Owing to form an inside slightly bend 12 in side surface, side surface continues vertically upward from this bend 12, and therefore, the distance between each top edge narrows down.Like this side surface 7 with 8 with stacked with for example identical mode embodiment illustrated in fig. 2.

Figure 11 represents that the opening 15 that it is illustrated in the soffit 6 extends in the angular zone 32 slightly along the horizontal sectional view of XI-XI intercepting.

Figure 12-14 represents a corresponding system, and its difference is that building unit only has a upper surface and do not have soffit.Side surface 7 and 8 and upper surface 5 form whole.Owing to form an inside bend 12 in side surface, side surface continues vertically upward from this bend 12, and therefore, the distance between the top edge of side surface 7 and 8 also narrows down.Lower limb at side surface is formed with a rib 34 with the downward triangular cross section in base.Be provided with a small gap 35 on the base of rib 34, this small gap 35 is on the height of lower limb of isolated part.In a side of breach 35, the side surface 7 and 8 of member is extended to a position that is positioned at isolated part lower limb below basically.At the upper surface of member, be provided with another small gap 37, it is used to admit the part 36 that is positioned at breach 35 opposite sides of rib 34.When each member is stacked in mode on another member end face and assembles with one of them member, the upper surface 5 of a member and have the shape that the sidewall lower limb utilization of rib 34 accurately cooperates and realize interlocking.Isolated part 1 is encapsulated between each upper surface 5 fully, has guaranteed the soundness of structure by described shape interlocking.

Figure 14 represents along a level cross-sectionn of X IV-X IV intercepting, and its expression opening 15 is arranged in the zone between breach 37 and the isolated part.

An embodiment of Figure 15-18 expression building unit, this building unit neither has the member upper surface and does not also have the member soffit.The substitute is, the side surface 7 of member is made following polymorphic structure, promptly is provided with two L shaped shaped

pieces

38 and 39 between side surface 7 and isolated part 2, the former in the upper edge region of side surface towards above, the latter in the lower limb zone towards below.Be provided with an inside bend 12 in the upper area of side surface 7, side surface continues vertically to extend on this bend 12.The lower limb of side surface is extended to a position that is positioned under the isolated part lower limb basically.

Another side surface 43 of member directly is fastened on the side surface of isolated part.It has the height identical with isolated part 2, but slight modification downwards the position.Like this, the self-align proper position on the top of aforementioned components of member, and because

side surface

7 and 43 stacked and realize shape locking in this position.An isolated part directly is pressed on another isolated part.

Figure 17 and 18 cross-sectional view represent that opening 15 is formed in the horizontal component of shaped piece 38 and 39.At this, side surface 7 constitutes outer surface, and side surface 8 constitutes inner surface.Side surface 8 can be gypsum plank or other the similar plate that for example is suitable for inwall.The side surface 7 that has by the horizontal part of shaped

piece

38 and 39 made band openings 15 can not be replaced by a side surface that directly is fastened on the isolated part.In this case, will lack the vented exhaust that is provided by continuous air chamber, wall construction is with inoperative like this.

On the other hand, the side surface 8 that is fastened on the isolated part can be by a special-shaped

wall

7,38, and 39 replace.In this case, the continuous air chamber of inwall can be used to carry out concealed type wiring and stringing in wall.

The embodiment of Figure 19-21 expression building unit, wherein self locating device provides in another way.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 19,

side surface

7 and 8 does not all have self locating device.In the construction phase, a servicing unit is put in each opening stacked on top of each other, can make full use of the opening 15 in upper surface and soffit by this way, the cross-sectional dimension of described servicing unit is corresponding with the minimum diameter of opening.Each member can be stacked in the direct placed in position of mode on another member end face with one of them member by this way.By the securing member (not shown) that uses a kind of adhesive and/or engage with opening, each member can be fastening mutually.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 20, one of them side surface has for example self locating device of Fig. 1, and opposite side surface 40 does not have self locating device.By using the self locating device of a side, can more easily successfully realize making a member to be arranged on the end face of another member.Can adopt and carry out fastening with the described identical mode of Figure 19.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 21, either side does not have self locating device.But in the soffit of member and upper surface, form a projection 41 and a corresponding breach 42 respectively.Realize " automatically " location by these structures.

Obvious its design of building unit of the present invention and be equipped in and do extensive variation according to the purposes of its plan in the appended claims book restricted portion.

And obviously term " low-rise building " can not be interpreted as and only represent to separate an independently house; The house of intending expression can be the hall arbitrarily, industrial premises, school, hospital, apratment building etc.

Because its mechanical performance and variability, building unit of the present invention can be used in many other zones.

Claims

1. a self-supporing log-like building component (10), it has the outer surface (7 of a perpendicular; 19; 23) and the inner surface (8 of a perpendicular; 17; 24), isolated part (1) between two side surfaces, the structure of a supports vertical load, and the parts that make isolated part and the interconnection of described side surface, each building unit is stacked self-alignly to form a kind of bearing structure in the mode that one of them member is positioned on another member end face, it is characterized in that isolated part (1) is the bearing structure that can bear vertical load, and the height of it and member is basic identical but width is narrower, is therefore pointing to one of them side surface, is preferably having a space (14) on that side on directed outside surface; And in described space or each space, be provided with the cross member (5,6 on the apparent surface who is anchored on side surface and isolated part; 25,26; 38,39).

2. a building unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the space (14) of directed outside surface (7) is passed through the interior opening (15) of cross member and is communicated with on every side.

3. a building unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the inner surface of member is made by a kind of inside panel (43), for example gypsum plank, and this inside panel is fastened on that surface of the isolated part (1) towards inner surface.

4. a building unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that having a space (14) on each side of isolated part (1), and two spaces (14) are passed through the interior opening (15) of cross member (5,6) and are communicated with on every side.

5. one kind as each described building unit among the claim 2-4, it is characterized in that opening (15) member vertically on be ovalize.

6. one kind as each described building unit among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that isolated part (1) and side surface (7 with building unit, 8) Hu Lian cross member is made up of the upper surface (5) and/or the soffit (6) of building unit, it is resisted against on the upper surface of isolated part or is thereon fastening, and/or be resisted against respectively on the soffit of isolated part or thereon fastening, and described cross member is connected with the top and/or the lower part of outer surface and inner surface.

7. a building unit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that its soffit (6) has the U-shaped vertical cross-section and its branch (11) is anchored on the inboard of outer surface and inner surface (7,8).

8. one kind as each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that making by a kind of polymorphic structure with the isolated part (1) of building unit and the cross member of side surface (7) interconnection, this polymorphic structure comprises at least two transverse branch, one end of this transverse branch is connected with the side surface of building unit, and its other end is connected with the sidewall (3) of isolated part.

9. a building unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that polymorphic structure comprises two L shaped beads (38,39), and its transverse branch is connected with a side surface (7) of building unit, and its vertical branch is connected with the sidewall (3) of isolated part.

10. one kind as each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 1-9, the upper surface and the soffit (5 that it is characterized in that building unit, 6) has the self locating device (28 that is complementary, 29,30), this self locating device these building units that one of them member is positioned on another member end face can be in the alignment in a lateral direction of member.

11. a building unit as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that self locating device is to make one of them member be assemblied in inboard or stacked thereon the device of another member, this device (28; 7; 7,37; 42) be arranged in the upper surface of building unit another this device (29,30; 7,33; 35,36; 41) be arranged in the interior corresponding position of soffit.

12. a building unit as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that self locating device is formed in the arbitrary edge or two edges of outer surface and inner surface.

13. a building unit as claimed in claim 10 it is characterized in that self locating device is in the upper surface of isolated part respectively and in the soffit, and self locating device cooperates with protrusion and recessed device (41,42) also.

14. building unit as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that interior outer surface (7,8) top edge slope inwardly (12), and a position that is positioned at soffit (6) below is pointed in its following directly continuity, so the top of member is assemblied in the shape of accurate cooperation in the sidewall of downward continuity of a upper member.

15. one kind as each described building unit among the claim 6-12, it is characterized in that upper surface and soffit are straight plate (25,26), outer surface and inner surface are molded panel (23,24).

16. one kind as each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 6-12, it is characterized in that upper surface (5) and outer surface and inner surface (7,8) are molded as parts (9).

17. one kind as each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 1-16, it is characterized in that the shaped piece that a surface in outer surface and the inner surface or each surface have a non-straight, preferably the shaped piece of a bending (20) or one decorate shaped piece (19).

18. one kind as each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 1-17, it is characterized in that its outer surface and inner surface and/or upper surface and/or soffit by a kind of panelling, a kind of wooden mixture, a kind of recovery mixture, a kind of building stones mixture or arbitrarily other similar mixture make.

19. a building unit as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that certain material layer of lamination on the surface of building unit, for example a ply of paper, a metal level, a melamine layer or a plastic layer.

20. one kind as claim 18 or 19 described building units, it is characterized in that in order to increase fireproof performance, certain material layer of lamination, for example a metal level on the inboard of outer wall surface and/or inner wall surface.

21. one kind as each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 1-20, it is characterized in that isolated part (1) is airtight.

22. a building unit as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that isolated part (1) comprises an isolated core of for example being made by polyurethane or mineral wool (2), has the loaded plate of for example being made by veneer (3) on the side surface that is fastened to core.

23. a building unit as claimed in claim 21, the isolated core (2) that it is characterized in that isolated part (1) are by a kind of loading material, for example structural mineral wool is made, fibrous face is vertical in this structural mineral wool.

24. a building or a wing is characterized in that it is made by each or multinomial described building unit among the claim 1-23.