CN1103402C - Modular sandwich panel and method for housing construction - Google Patents
Modular sandwich panel and method for housing construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN1103402C CN1103402C CN98806010A CN98806010A CN1103402C CN 1103402 C CN1103402 C CN 1103402C CN 98806010 A CN98806010 A CN 98806010A CN 98806010 A CN98806010 A CN 98806010A CN 1103402 C CN1103402 C CN 1103402C
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- combined plate
- sheet material
- outer laminate
- core lamination
- edge
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
- E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/14—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
A composite panel (1) comprising at least two spaced apart outer laminates (2, 3) and a core laminate (4) sandwiched therebetween. The outer laminates (2, 3) and the core laminate (4) are off-set such that portions of the outer laminates protrude beyond the core by a predetermined margin (A) along a first edge of the panel and such that the core laminate protrudes beyond the outer laminates by a generally corresponding margin (B) along an opposite edge of the panel. The protruding portions of the outer laminates of one panel are adapted nestingly to receive and locate a complementary protruding core portion of an adjacent like panel in interlocking relationship to form a composite panel assembly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to combined plate, also relate to the method that forms combined plate.
Background technology
In traditional building construction, constructing of wall at first is that the structural framing of being made by timber usually is installed.Then, this framework inside is carried out by suitable laminate material such as plaster board bag, fits up then with concealed joint and last japanning.Exterior wall is usually with brick veneer layer formation or with also being the suitable clad material formation that is fixed on the wooden frame.Common external cladding material comprises weatherboard, fiber reinforcement cement or aluminium.The roof also is arranged on the wooden frame usually by corrugated iron or watt constitute.
This traditional Building technology is taken a lot of work especially owing to multiple reason and is with high costs.For example need the multiplex (MUX) to plant as many skilled workers such as building worker, tile work worker, carpenter, cabinet maker, tiler and plasterers, this has all strengthened total cost.Traditional technology also seriously relies on material resources, particularly timber expensive, that will exhaust, causes that owing to supply is deficient cost rises.In addition, traditional house must be constructed at the scene according to constructional project substantially.Scope prefabricated or sectional construction is very little, and the flexibility ratio of building again in low-cost mode after building up is minimum.In addition, if demolition is prepared in the house, the possibility that constructional materials reclaims and reuses is minimum, thereby causes very big waste.Another shortcoming of conventional art is that structure sound insulation, the thermal insulation built up are bad.This solves after often needing, and for example increases facility in the hole, roof, and this has increased cost again.
The building that present Building technology is produced is heavier relatively, particularly uses brick, top watt and during wooden frame.Because the weight of these materials, supporting construction again must be relatively large and firm, this has further increased weight again.Final result is that the original lightweight material that is suitable for does not possess the enough intensity that adopts in the conventional house Building technology.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above, existing people proposes the steelframe house.But, it has been found in practice that the benefit of resulting cost aspect is limited, and most of basic problem exists still.
In order further to overcome the problems referred to above, also the someone proposes to use combined plate.This sheet material generally has the lamination made with multiple material to reach intensity-weight characteristic of needing, sound-insulating and heat-insulating character etc.But the subject matter of this known manufacturing technology is that the maximum size to sheet material has the limit in the actual use.This causes needs to adopt various less sheet material needs the combined plate assembly of size with formation the technology that are used to splice again.A little less than but the technology shortcoming that in the past, is used to splice material causes this structure relatively.This structural integrity is impaired result mean, the possible intensity that provides of combined plate can not particularly be improved in the application of building construction in large-scale application to weight characteristic in practice.Therefore, combined plate generally is used to constitute in the past inner partition wall and the non that does not require very big structural integrity.Therefore, the basic problem that runs in the traditional architecture method is still unresolved.Therefore people need to feel the substitute technology to existing building construction technology more effective, that cost is lower always.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome or overcome substantially at least one in the above-mentioned defective of prior art.
Therefore, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of combined plate comprises at least two outer laminate spaced apart and clamping core lamination betwixt, outer laminate and core lamination are setovered, make outer laminate exceed predetermined edge of core lamination along first edge of sheet material, and the core lamination exceeds basic respective edges of outer laminate along the opposite edges of sheet material, thereby the ledge of the outer laminate of a sheet material is suitable for embedding and make its location by the outstanding core laminate portion of the shape complementarity of adjacent same sheet material with interlock mode, thereby form a combined plate assembly, described combined plate also comprises a groove member that takes the shape of the letter U substantially, this groove member is configured for the stud that engages with adjacent same sheet material interlocking, so that form described combined plate assembly.
In preferred embodiment, the described groove member that takes the shape of the letter U substantially covers the ledge of core lamination to form a stud.This groove member is preferably limited by a flange spaced apart and a middle pectoral plate, and flange is parallel to relevant outer laminate and near within it, web extends to cover the ledge of core lamination along the respective edges of sheet material between flange.Being provided with of groove member preferably makes flange extend between core lamination and relevant outer laminate along border land.By this way, the groove member is suitable for being pressed in place and basic location automatically.
The compacting of the most handy sheet metal of groove member, in use its orientation is formed on the vertically extending stud between the adjacent wallboard, thereby provides structural integrity for combined wall.
In a kind of alternative structure, the groove member can be arranged on the opposite side of sheet material, and flange is embedded between the ledge of outer laminate, makes web and core lamination outwards spaced apart.In this structure, the groove member exceeds outer laminate to limit a tongue, and this tongue is similar to the outstanding core on the sheet material opposition side, simultaneously, forms recessed edge, the flange of groove member and a vertical cavity that web defines by the core lamination.This cavity can be used for house service pipelines such as hidden cable, water pipe, telecommunication circuit.
In first recommendation form of the present invention, the core lamination is to be formed by the polystyrene foam that expands, and an outer laminate is formed by veneer, and another outer laminate is formed by plasterboard or selenolite.This embodiment of the present invention is particularly suitable for as exterior wall, and layer of plywood is adornd so that accept final weather proof lacquer on the original position outwardly.In this structure, preferably an expansion steel mesh is followed closely on layer of plywood with stapler.Apply the cement coating layer then, make the fixture of expansion steel mesh as cement.Apply final protective coating then.Preferably fit up in a conventional manner with hidden seam and japanning inner plasterboard or gypsum rock stratum.
In second recommendation form of the present invention, two outer laminate can form with selenolite or plasterboard.The sheet material of making according to this configuration is particularly suitable for as the interior wall or the partition wall that do not need weather-proof.
In the various embodiments described above of the present invention, outer laminate preferably by the cross-linked polymer adhesive on the core lamination.
In a preferred embodiment, adjacent sheet material is fixed with the relation of overlapping tongue and groove by at least one securing member, above-mentioned securing member passes the outer laminate of a sheet material, the flange that passes the groove member or stud and stretches into the core lamination of adjacent sheet metal, thereby adjacent sheet material and middle stud are fixed together.One arranges threaded fastener spaced apart overlapping edge setting along each adjacent a pair of sheet material.
In the 3rd recommendation form of the present invention, but the clamping of foam core lamination is between the sheet metal skin.This layout is particularly suitable for as roof sheet material.Inner lamination preferably is made of the flat metal sheet, and the most handy corrugated metal of outer laminate sheet constitutes, and to gain in strength, improves drainage performance, and forms traditional corrugated iron outward appearance.Can assemble ridge cover fillet, eaves, panel, gutter etc. if desired.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a kind of method that forms combined plate may further comprise the steps: clamping one core lamination between outer laminate spaced apart, make outer laminate exceed predetermined edge of core lamination along first edge of sheet material, make the core lamination exceed basic respective edges of outer laminate along the opposite edges of sheet material, substantially a groove member that takes the shape of the letter U is set, this groove member is configured for the stud that engages with the shape complementarity edge interlocking of adjacent same sheet material, thereby the ledge of the outer laminate of a sheet material is suitable for the outstanding core with the shape complementarity of an adjacent same sheet material of interlock mode setting-in and location, so that form a combined plate assembly.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a kind of building structure comprises interior wall and exterior wall, and they all are made of the combined plate assembly of aforesaid substantially interlocking.
Above-mentioned building structure preferably also comprises a roof, and this roof forms the combined plate assembly of above-mentioned interlocking.Substantially the cover fillet that takes the shape of the letter U is preferably placed with structural strength that increase is provided and is beneficial to fastening roof sheet material along the top edge of wallboard.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of building structure may further comprise the steps: form exterior wall, form interior wall and form the roof, they all are made of the combined plate of aforesaid substantially a series of interlockings, and each sheet material is tightened together to form stable building structure.
This building structure preferably is suitable for being assembled on the concrete slab.In this case, the lower edge of the outer laminate outwardly of each wallboard preferably exceeds core lamination and lamination inwardly downwards to form the rebate at a right angle, and this rebate is suitable for partly placing along the respective edges of concrete base slab.Securing member is as " dynamically bolt (dyna-bolts) preferably also is provided with to such an extent that pass outer laminate outwardly and stretches into the foundation slab side and started in big wind condition to prevent building structure.In preferred embodiment, between foundation slab and superjacent wallboard, be provided with weather proof flashing bar.
Description of drawings
Contrast the following drawings is only described preferred embodiment of the present invention with way of example now.
The stereogram of Fig. 1 is represented a combined plate, and it is used as according to the exterior wall part in the building structure of the present invention;
The outer wall board of the stereogram presentation graphs 1 of Fig. 2, it has skin, and this skin has expansion steel mesh arrangement of reinforcement and cement coating at last;
The partial plan layout of Fig. 3 represents that as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 a pair of sheet material with the concerning interlocking and tighten together of tongue and groove, forms according to combined plate assembly of the present invention;
The stereogram of Fig. 4 is represented the groove member or the stud of the reinforcing of sheet material shown in Fig. 1 and 2;
The stereogram of Fig. 5 represents and similar combined plate shown in Figure 1 that it is suitable for use as according to inner wall section of the present invention;
The stud that the plan representation of Fig. 6 uses reverse configuration to be connecting adjacent sheet metal according to the moon to the relation of the moon, thereby limits the passage of a hidden service pipeline;
The partial perspective view of Fig. 7 represents a combined plate, and it is suitable for use as the part according to roof assembly of the present invention;
The partial perspective view of Fig. 8 represents a combined plate, and it is suitable for use as according to structural beams of the present invention;
Fig. 9 represents to use a saddletree, and it is suitable for the beam of Fig. 8 is installed on the wallboard of a butt;
Figure 10 represents a bilateral saddletree, and it is suitable for the structural beams of coaxial alignment is installed on the two opposite sides of centre housing;
The cross-sectional figure of Figure 11 represents according to of the present invention outer wall board to be installed in method on the concrete base slab;
The front elevation drawing of Figure 12 is represented the installation details of Figure 11;
The plan representation of Figure 13 is according to the thin portion structure of wall of the present invention to the bight of wall;
The cross-sectional figure of Figure 14 represents according to the fastening method of wall of the present invention on the roof;
The front elevation drawing of Figure 15 represents to use the building structure of making according to combined plate of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
At first consult Fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a kind of combined plate 1, it comprises two outer laminate spaced apart 2 and 3 and clampings core lamination 4 betwixt.Outer laminate and the biasing of core lamination, thereby the marginal portion 5 of outer laminate and 6 exceeds predetermined edge A of core along sheet material first edge.Equally, the core lamination exceeds basic respective edges B of outer laminate along the opposite edges of sheet material.This layout of lamination defines a kind of tongue and groove structure, thereby the ledge 5 and 6 of the outer laminate of sheet material is suitable for interlocked relationship setting-in and the core ledge 7 of complementation of locating adjacent similar sheet material to form shown in Figure 3 and combined plate assembly in greater detail hereinafter.
In a preferred embodiment, core lamination 4 is thick by 20mm to 100mm, is preferably that the thick expanded polystyrene foams of 50mm to 60mm constitutes.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, outer laminate 2 is to be made of the thick veneer of about 3mm, and another outer laminate 3 is made of plasterboard or selenolite, thick about 10mm.Outer laminate is to be bonded on the core with the extraordinary cross-linked polymer adhesive that is suitable for this purpose.The sheet material of this form is particularly suitable for as exterior wall, and layer of plywood is decorated to accept weather proof outwardly.
A kind of recommendation form of extraneous adornment is illustrated among Fig. 2, and one deck expansion steel mesh 10 usefulness staplers are followed closely on the veneer lamination, then apply one deck cement coating 11.By this way, steel mesh is as the reinforcing rib of cement coating.Apply last weather proof protective coating then.Plasterboard inwardly or gypsum rock stratum are filled and led up seam, are decorated and last japanning with this professional known manner.
In illustrated preferred embodiment, a groove member that takes the shape of the letter U substantially 15 covers the ledge of core lamination 4 to form stud.But it should be noted that a kind of alternative structure also is possible, wherein, the U-lag member is arranged in groove, and described groove is to be made of the ledge 5,6 of the outer laminate opposite edge along sheet material.
As shown in Figure 4, groove member or stud 15 are limited by flange spaced apart 16 and a middle pectoral plate, and the rebate that has a longitudinal extension is to gain in strength.Should be noted that, middle pectoral plate can be interrupted, promptly, it can comprise one or more holes, perforation or similar structures along its length, after in place, flange 16 is parallel to relevant outer laminate 2 and 3 and be close to its inboard along the respective edges of sheet material, and web 17 extends the ledge 7 to cover the core lamination between flange.Flange extends between core lamination and relevant outer laminate along border land, in case be pressed in placely, stud is location automatically substantially, but preferably also uses adhesive.
In this alternative structure, U-lag member 15 is arranged in the groove that forms along the sheet material opposite edge, thereby web 17 is positioned near the core lamination, and flange 16 is positioned at outer laminate 2,3 inboards, stretches out from groove.
Groove member 15 is with pressing metal plates, and in use its orientation makes that in wall vertical extent is to provide structural integrity between adjacent sheet material.
In recommendation form of the present invention, the standard size of outer wall board is approximately that 900mm is wide, 2500 to 4000mm height, 65 to 90mm dark.But it should be noted that according to concrete application and production capacity, sheet material can be made into size or shape arbitrarily.Cuts sheet material as required after making for example, can't harm structural strength so that adapt to the needs of window, door, beam, roof sheet material and other configuration.
The modification of the sheet material of Fig. 5 presentation graphs 1, wherein, two outer laminate 2 are identical with 3 substantially, are made of plasterboard or selenolite.The sheet material of making according to this configuration is particularly suitable for as the interior wall that need not weather-proof.
Fig. 6 represents a kind of modification of assembly, the ledge 5 of a pair of sheet material and 6 is docking together with the relation of the moon to the moon, additional groove member or stud 15 are located at therebetween, make the outer laminate of the web of groove and a sheet material spaced apart, in this reverse structure, the groove member exceeds the outer laminate of (looking among the figure) left side sheet material according to the outstanding similar mode of core with the sheet material opposite side, forms a tongue.Like this, left side sheet material engages with right side sheet material with the relation of tongue and groove.Simultaneously, stud constitutes a longitudinal void or passage 20, and it is defined by recessed edge, the flange of groove and the web of groove of the core lamination of left side sheet material.This hole can be used to buildings such as hidden cable, water pipe, telecommunication circuit and serves pipeline and need not any independent wiring method and other material, also can not slacken overall structure.
As shown in Figure 3, adjacent sheet material is fixed with the relation of overlapping tongue and groove by a series of threaded fasteners 21, each threaded connector pass a sheet material an outer laminate, pass the adjacent ribs of groove member or stud and stretch into the following core lamination of being placed on of adjacent sheet metal, thereby sheet material is fixed together.One row's threaded fastener extends along the joining edge of adjacent every pair of sheet material in this wise.Sheet material is also fixing by top cover fillet 22, and this cover fillet also is used for covering with the envelope wall plate top surface and the globality of additional general structure is provided.Cover fillet is illustrated in Fig. 9 best, in 11 and 14.
Fig. 7 represents another kind of modification, wherein, core lamination 4 clampings of the foam of special shape are between the outer laminate 2 and 3 of metal sheet, lamination 2 on top is undulatory, so that gain in strength, improve drainage performance and form traditional ripple outward appearance, this layout is particularly suitable for as roof sheet material 24, owing to be from supporting basically, except the following central support that will describe, it need not the roof framework structure.
Fig. 8 represents that the basic building block of plate system is suitable for constituting the situation of the extremely light structural beams of high strength, weight 25.Beam forms a long compoboard like this, and as above-mentioned sheet material, it comprises identical outer laminate 2 and 3, and they constitute by being preferably the thick veneer of 3mm, and expanded polystyrene foams of clamping therebetween forms, and is preferably the thick core lamination 4 of 50mm.Use identical cross-linked polymer adhesive that lamination is bonded together.A pair of groove member 15 is provided with so that additional flexural strength to be provided along the top and the bottom of beam respectively.The groove member is also as the cover fillet that seals and protect softer foam core lamination.Have been found that the framework truss that this beam can provide enough intensity to need not to add with supporting combinations thereof sheet material roof structure, also can significantly not increase the gross weight or the total cost of building.
Fig. 9 represents to use a saddletree 26 that structural beams shown in Figure 8 is anchored on the vertical wallboard.This saddletree is to use template from 90 ° of angle metal sheets cuttings of a straight section and folding forming, be hooked on the upper limb of wallboard in position then, fixing on the throne with threaded fastener, the some of them threaded fastener penetrates top metal cover fillet 22, some threaded fasteners directly penetrate sheet material, preferably penetrate vertical stud to be formed on the joint of the direct metal to metal between the above-mentioned main components.This layout can be structural beams sufficient supporting is provided, and need not originally to cut out groove, recess or rebate on one's body at sheet material.This has significantly accelerated the progress of constructing and harmless structural integrity.As the common situation of interior wall,, so, also can use a kind of similar bilateral saddletree 27 if structural beams continues to extend from the wallboard opposition side.This situation is illustrated among Figure 10.
Figure 11 is illustrated in building and the building construction application, and wallboard fastens the situation on the concrete base slab 30.At first use traditional framework technology that concrete slab is poured into suitable size.The soffit of each outer wall board is made rebate, make the lower edge 31 of the outer laminate 2 of each sheet material exceed downwards core lamination 4 and another towards 3 one edge C of outer laminate.90 ° the rebate that obtains like this can be placed sheet material along the outer rim of foundation slab, and the lower edge 31 of outer laminate forms reliably accurate lateral register.Then, place the flashing bar 32 of a respective shapes,, also seal and protect the soffit of sheet material so that take precautions against wind and rain along the edge of foundation slab.Locate wallboard then as shown in figure 11, make the tight clamping of flashing bar between the respective edges of the rebate of sheet material and foundation slab.On this stage, wallboard is fixing on the throne by dynamic bolt 34 or similar securing member, and above-mentioned securing member passes the lower edge of outer laminate, and directly stretches in the hole that gets out in advance on the foundation slab.
Use a metal anchoring bar 35 at suitable wallboard joint.As shown in figure 12, so that cover on the external vertical face of foundation slab, the upper end 37 of the bar of anchoring simultaneously covers wallboard through the location in the lower end 36 of this anchoring bar, or rather, and covering vertical panel joist 15.By this way, bottom securing member such as dynamic bolt 34 pass the lower end 36 of anchoring bar, pass the lower edge 31 of outer laminate, and stretch into foundation slab.Top securing member 21 passes the upper end 37 of anchoring bar, passes adjacent outer laminate, passes and is pressed in following stud, and stretch in the core.By this means, whole sheet material assembly is an outer laminate and have more than, and directly is anchored on the foundation slab.In addition, stud is provided with to such an extent that load is directly reached concrete foundation from wall and roof.Have been found that the structure that above-mentioned anchoring process provides can bear extreme weather conditions, comprise the load of cyclone, and the cyclone load can damage many structures according to the conventional art building.
Figure 13 represents the corner detail of amplifying, and expression wallboard 1 is with 90 jiaos of butt joints, and situation about combining by metal angle bead 40.With covering joints, and provide additional structural strength in the stud of each surface below shown position is fastened on respective plates of angle bead.
Figure 14 represents a kind of arrangement of recommendation, is fixed on the vertical wallboard 1 by angle the holder 43 and 44 roof sheet materials 24 with inclination.As shown in the figure, use threaded fastener that the soffit of each angle holder 43 and 44 is fixed on other position of top cover fillet and wallboard, and ask upper surface to be fastened on the downside of roof sheet material at the angle.Cover and the inner sealing seam by cornicing, for heat insulation and strick precaution wind and rain an outside cover fillet (not shown) can be set also simultaneously.
Summary now at first uses traditional mould plate technique to lay concrete base slab 30 according to method of constructing house or other building of the present invention.Then, around foundation slab flashing bar 32 is set.Outside wallboard 1 is set then, makes the outer rim of concrete base slab embed rebate, the lower edge 31 of each sheet material extends in downwards on the outer rim of foundation slab.With dynamic bolt or similar securing member wallboard is fixed on the foundation slab then, and anchoring bar 35 is crossed seam fix in position between the adjacent sheet metal.In this stage, the overlapping edge of threaded fastener along each adjacent a pair of sheet material installed.Use angle bead to engage the bight then, as shown in figure 13.Cover and seal the outer rim of wallboard then with U-shaped cover fillet 40, shown in Fig. 9 and 11, this has further increased the structural integrity of sheet material assembly.On wallboard, cut out window and doorframe as needs, as needs with timber or aluminium sash component decoration.In this stage, external wall structure is finished, has saved decoration, and this will be described below.
Next can increase the sort of main roof beam shown in Figure 8 by difference saddletree 26 and 27 as shown in Figures 9 and 10.Increase the sort of roof sheet material 24 shown in Figure 6 then, as shown in figure 14.With cover fillet 50 and gutter 51 last finishing roof structures, as shown in figure 15.
Then as required, use interior wall sheet material shown in Figure 5 to constitute interior wall.Cut out the space of inner window, door and add frame from sheet material as required once more.Use common plastering technique will separate the hidden and last japanning of inner-seam between the plasterboard of sheet material.Foot pedal and cornice also can increase as required, with hidden floor-wall and wall-roof seam, increase the weather proof protection, and the traditional beauty outward appearance is provided.
Outside sheet material also can increase protection against weather and decoration as required.But a concrete recommendation form of finishing relates to the step of at first expansion steel mesh 10 usefulness staplers being followed closely on the veneer lamination 2 externally, and then applies cement coating layer 11, and the expansion steel mesh is as reinforcing rib in the cement coating layer.Wipe one's face and paint at last, so that form the outward appearance of the brick facing shelter of traditional cement coating.
Advantageously, house, factory building or other building of constructing according to the present invention can complete in the short time, only adopt traditional Building technology, and cost are lower.Because structure is very light, less demanding to basis and structural framing, this can reduce material and labor cost again.Because a complete set of sheet material can be not prefabricated at the scene, thereby can use minimum skilled worker when construction and installation, this can further reduce cost again.Because the laminated construction of sheet material particularly adopts the polystyrene foam core substantially, thereby building has inherently and is far superior to heat insulation, the sound insulation value that traditional architecture has, and need not to use additional materials such as glass fiber material etc.Because sheet material is anchored in the unique way on the concrete base slab, but the special wind resistance power load of structure, even under the whirlwind situation.Another advantage of the structure of constructing according to the present invention is the flexibility that designs.Even after building had been finished, inner, external wall can increase as required, removes or change and not be subjected to the restriction of following frame construction, and this being limited in the traditional structure exists.
In addition, whole house can quite easily be dismantled, pack, is carried to another place, rebuild then.Even when the house was demolished fully, independent sheet material and other member also can use in new object of construction production simply once more, unlikelyly caused raw-material waste.
The reason of above-mentioned many advantages is, provide himself intrinsic structural integrity according to sheet material of the present invention, thereby system as a whole need not independent panel work.Therefore, the present invention obviously provides improvement practicality, that have great commercial value to prior art.
Described the present invention though contrasted specific embodiment, those skilled in the art is understood the present invention can many forms of implementation.
Claims (41)
1. combined plate, it comprises at least two outer laminate spaced apart and clamping core lamination betwixt, outer laminate and the biasing of core lamination, make outer laminate give prominence to predetermined edge of core along sheet material first edge, and make the core lamination exceed predetermined edge of outer laminate along the opposite edge of sheet material, thereby the ledge of the outer laminate of a sheet material is suitable for the outstanding core with the shape complementarity of an adjacent same sheet material of interlocked relationship setting-in and location, so that form the combined plate assembly, described combined plate also comprises a groove member that takes the shape of the letter U substantially, and this groove member is configured for engaging to form the stud of described combined plate assembly with adjacent same sheet material interlocking.
2. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described groove member covers the ledge of core lamination to form stud.
3. combined plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described groove member is to be limited by a flange spaced apart and a middle pectoral plate, described flange is provided with parallel along the outer laminate of sheet material respective edges and near its inboard, described web extends between flange to cover the ledge of core lamination.
4. combined plate as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described flange extends by border land between core lamination and relevant outer laminate, thus the groove member to be suitable for pressurized in place, and be location automatically basically.
5. combined plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described groove member becomes with pressing metal plates, in use be directed the stud that extends substantially vertically between the adjacent sheet metal to be formed on, thereby when being used for constituting compound wall, provide additional structural integrity for the combined plate assembly.
6. combined plate as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the groove member is with the reverse described opposition side that is arranged on sheet material, and flange is inserted between the ledge of outer laminate, and web is outwards spaced apart from the core lamination.
7. combined plate assembly as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: reverse groove member exceeds outer laminate to limit a tongue, so that engage with similar sheet material, simultaneously, constitute the hole that the web of the flange of a recessed edge by the core lamination, groove and groove defines, described hole is suitable for hidden building service pipeline.
8. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the core lamination is made of expanded polystyrene foams, and an outer laminate is made of veneer, and another is made of plasterboard.
9. combined plate as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described sheet material is suitable for use as exterior wall, and layer of plywood outwardly.
10. combined plate as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: also comprise an expansion steel mesh on the layer of plywood that is applied to outwardly, this expansion steel mesh is as the reinforcing rib of cement coating.
11. combined plate as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: also comprise the final weather proof protective paint coating that is applied on the cement coating.
12. combined plate as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: gypsum fiber flaggy inwardly through joint filling and the finishing with hidden seam.
13. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the core lamination is made of expanded polystyrene foams, and two outer laminate are made of plasterboard.
14. combined plate as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: it is suitable for use as interior wall or partition wall.
15. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: outer laminate by the cross-linked polymer adhesive on the core lamination.
16. combined plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: being fixed by the relation of at least one securing member of a sheet material assembly with overlapping tongue and groove in abutting connection with sheet material, described securing member passes the outer laminate of a sheet material, pass a flange of groove member and stretch into the core lamination of adjacent sheet material, thereby the sheet material of adjacency is fixed together.
17. combined plate as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: one arranges threaded fastener spaced apart overlapping edge setting along each adjacent a pair of sheet material.
18. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the core laminated thickness is 20mm to 100mm.
19. combined plate as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that: the core lamination is made of expanded polystyrene foams, and thickness is 50mm to 60mm.
20. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the sheet material width is about 600mm to 1200mm, highly is about 2500mm to 4000mm, and the degree of depth is about 65mm to 90mm.
21. combined plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it comprises the foam core lamination of a clamping between the metal sheet outer laminate.
22. combined plate as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that: it is suitable for use as roofing slab.
23. combined plate as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that: outer laminate inwardly is to be made of flat substantially metal sheet, and outer laminate outwardly is that metal corrugated plate constitutes.
24. combined plate as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that: use ridge cover fillet, eaves and gutter to be assembled into the roofing slab assembly of interlocking as required.
25. as each described combined plate in the claim 1 to 21, it is characterized in that: described combined plate constitutes the part of composite board assembly, and in described combined plate assembly, the edge interlocking of adjacent combined plate is to form the wall of building structure.
26. as each described combined plate in the claim 1 to 21, it is characterized in that: described combined plate constitutes the part of a combined plate assembly, and in described combined plate assembly, the edge interlocking of adjacent combined plate is to form the roof of building structure.
27. combined plate as claimed in claim 26, it is characterized in that: described structural beams is that outer laminate and the cover fillet by the core lamination of expanded polystyrene foams, veneer constitutes, and described cover fillet is made of the groove member that takes the shape of the letter U substantially of the longitudinal edge of the exposure that covers the core lamination.
28. combined plate as claimed in claim 27, it is characterized in that: described structural beams is anchored on the vertical wallboard by a saddletree, described saddletree is by being the cutting of straight sheet gusset, folding forming originally, thereby need not groove, recess or rebate on the wallboard.
29. combined plate as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: the cover fillet that takes the shape of the letter U substantially is along the top edge setting of wallboard, so that for wallboard provides additional structural strength, and is beneficial to thereon fastening of roofing slab.
30. combined plate as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: described building structure is suitable for being installed on the concrete base slab.
31. combined plate as claimed in claim 30, it is characterized in that: the lower edge of the outer laminate outwardly of each wallboard extends beyond core lamination and outer laminate inwardly downwards to limit a rectangular substantially rebate, and this rebate is suitable for partly placing along the concrete base slab respective edges.
32. combined plate as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that: also comprise the outer laminate of passing outwardly, and the securing member that stretches into foundation slab is to prevent that building structure is started in disadvantageous weather conditions.
33. combined plate as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that: described wallboard is fixed on the foundation slab by " dynamically bolt (dyna-bolts) ".
34. combined plate as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that: also comprise being arranged on foundation slab and covering weather-proof flashing bar between the wallboard on it.
35. method that forms combined plate, this method may further comprise the steps: the clamping of a core lamination is being separated by between the outer laminate that comes, make outer laminate exceed the predetermined marginal portion of core along first edge of sheet material, and make the core lamination exceed basic respective edges part of outer laminate along the opposite edge of sheet material, substantially a groove member that takes the shape of the letter U is set, and this groove member is configured for the stud that engages with the shape complementarity edge interlocking of adjacent same sheet material.Thereby the ledge of the outer laminate of a sheet material is suitable for interlocked relationship setting-in and the outstanding core of a shape complementarity of locating adjacent same sheet material to form a combined plate assembly.
36. method as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that: described method also comprises following additional step: form exterior wall; Form interior wall; And forming a roof, each is that combined plate by a series of interlockings constitutes, and each sheet material is combined to form stable building structure.
37. method as claimed in claim 36 is characterized in that: the step that also is included in assembled house structure on the concrete base slab.
38. method as claimed in claim 37, it is characterized in that the outer laminate outwardly that also comprises the steps: each wallboard forms a lower edge that extends beyond core lamination and outer laminate inwardly downwards, thereby limit a rectangular substantially rebate, this rebate is suitable for partly placing along the respective edges of concrete base slab.
39. method as claimed in claim 38 is characterized in that further comprising the steps of: securing member is installed passing outer laminate and to stretch into a side of foundation slab, thereby is prevented that building structure is started in disadvantageous weather conditions.
40. method as claimed in claim 39 is characterized in that: described securing member is " a dynamically bolt ".
41. method as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that: also be included in foundation slab and cover the step that weather-proof flashing plate is set between the wallboard on it.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPO6687 | 1997-05-08 | ||
| AUPO6687A AUPO668797A0 (en) | 1997-05-08 | 1997-05-08 | Modular sandwich panel and method for housing construction |
| AUPO7520 | 1997-06-25 | ||
| AUPO7520A AUPO752097A0 (en) | 1997-06-25 | 1997-06-25 | Roofing system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1260020A CN1260020A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| CN1103402C true CN1103402C (en) | 2003-03-19 |
Family
ID=25645417
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98806010A Expired - Fee Related CN1103402C (en) | 1997-05-08 | 1998-05-07 | Modular sandwich panel and method for housing construction |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20010012388A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1103402C (en) |
| AP (1) | AP1073A (en) |
| ID (1) | ID29312A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ500989A (en) |
| OA (1) | OA11215A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998050646A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2403958B (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2006-09-20 | T J Crump Oakwrights Ltd | Infill panel system |
| ES2209669B1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-10-01 | Jose Antonio Asumendi Garcia | CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FROM PREFABRICATED PANELS AND PREFABRICATED PANEL USED. |
| WO2005090702A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-29 | Jose Antonio Asumendi Garcia | System for construction with pre-fabricated panels, and pre-fabricated panel |
| AT504130B1 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-03-15 | Jakob Hraschan | EASY COMPONENT |
| IT1392090B1 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2012-02-09 | Aurea S R L | BUILDING STRUCTURE PROVIDED WITH VERTICAL WALLS INCLUDING A THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER. |
| CN102425277B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-10-10 | 苏州多凯复合材料有限公司 | Lighting skylight |
| RU2505648C1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-01-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "МЕТТЭМ-Строительные технологии" | Method for construction of wall of structural panels |
| AT517545B1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-05-15 | Karl Msc Nickel Fritz | Prefabricated elements made of planked steel frames for the construction of a building |
| FR3054574B1 (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | Univers & Conseils | MODULAR PANEL OF WALL OF DETACHABLE HOUSE |
| EP3406815B1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2023-08-16 | Cantona System A/S | Construction system |
| GB2575701B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-09-30 | Zicon Ltd | A building element |
| MA54957A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2022-02-09 | Build Ip Llc | ENCLOSURE COMPONENT PERIMETER STRUCTURES |
| WO2021116779A1 (en) * | 2019-12-08 | 2021-06-17 | Aliabadi Farahani Mansoor | Flat two-stage heeled waffle ceiling |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3101370A1 (en) * | 1981-01-17 | 1982-09-02 | Jörg 7550 Rastatt Overlack | Insulating-material panel |
| DE3116444A1 (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1983-03-10 | Konrad 8261 Winhöring Voringer | Heat-insulating composite panel |
| SE500350C2 (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-06-06 | Ericsson Karl Gustav | Device for a joint between two elements |
| US5638651A (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1997-06-17 | Ford; Vern M. | Interlocking panel building system |
-
1998
- 1998-05-07 WO PCT/AU1998/000330 patent/WO1998050646A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-07 ID IDW991340A patent/ID29312A/en unknown
- 1998-05-07 AP APAP/P/1999/001691A patent/AP1073A/en active
- 1998-05-07 CN CN98806010A patent/CN1103402C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-07 KR KR1019997010341A patent/KR20010012388A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-07 NZ NZ500989A patent/NZ500989A/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-11-05 OA OA9900245A patent/OA11215A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1998050646A1 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
| AP9901691A0 (en) | 1999-12-31 |
| OA11215A (en) | 2003-07-17 |
| KR20010012388A (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| ID29312A (en) | 2001-08-16 |
| CN1260020A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| AP1073A (en) | 2002-06-05 |
| NZ500989A (en) | 2001-04-27 |
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