FI100902B - Turning device - Google Patents

Description

, 100902 Turning device

The invention relates to a turning device for turning an excavator or a similar boom, which device comprises boom and bucket 5 mounting plates with connecting members, frame, clutch shoes, friction material, frame mounting plate, sliding bearing arrangement control cylinder and locking cylinder necessary electrical and hydraulic wiring. The turning device is fastened between two booms or the like, such as an excavator bucket, and the boom, whereby the position of the bucket can be infinitely changed to the desired and advantageous for the respective work step.

The invention makes it possible to quickly turn an excavator, a rock drilling machine, a forestry tractor, a hoist, a mobile crane or similar booms into a favorable working position. For example, when working with an excavator in tight spaces, near walls and in busy areas on street construction sites, the invention allows the bucket to be turned to an arbitrary angular position, thereby substantially improving the reach and visibility of the driver to the target. By means of the invention, it is also possible to achieve a circular or arcuate working movement. Bucket turning and working movements can also be carried out either semi-automatically or fully automatically by controlling the hydraulic system with a suitable control system. Earthmoving costs decrease as the number of earth masses transferred and the number of relocations required decrease. This is a good example. 1: situation where a backhoe with a turning device can be dug .30 .: a column pit can be excavated without moving the machine during work and without having to dig an oversized pit. The digging method • V can be changed by turning the bucket 180 ° from the more commonly used so-called from the position required for hoe digging, after which it is possible to dig with the machine. Changing the digging method gives an extra dimension to the work, which allows you to dig sharp-edged and rectangular ditches. The device according to the present invention is simple and reliable and inexpensive, whereby its acquisition is, for example, an accessory of an excavator. · 4Q. is also economically feasible.

• · · •

With a standard excavator, excavation is carried out in such a way that the excavator '' f; is positioned as cheaply as possible for future work and supported in place by outriggers, after which excavation can be started. Excavation takes place vertically towards the machine '. *: (Hoeing) or away from the machine (point digging) , which means that the position of the machine has to be changed relatively often in order to be able to carry out the excavation from all the necessary 2 100902. Relocation significantly reduces the effective working time, especially in tight spaces and difficult terrain, it takes a lot of time to find a firm foothold. In some areas, it is often even impossible to complete earthmoving work with an excavator because the machine cannot be positioned in the right place, and it is also a known problem that relatively small excavations require large amounts of mass to be transferred unnecessarily due to the excavator or backhoe loader. n disadvantaged.

10

Various turning devices are already known for eliminating the above-mentioned problems. Among other things, in connection with the quick-fastening device disclosed in U940322, there is a solution in which the bucket pivots in a kind of guide and can be locked in place by an expandable locking device. In Finnish patent application 843454, the turning of an excavator bucket is solved with nested material tubes, support wheels and turning cylinders. Swedish publication 464644 discloses a device in which a bucket is turned to different angular positions 20 by means of a gear and locked in place using friction. However, the devices on the market are relatively complex in structure, which is why there have been significant shortcomings in their operation, e.g. malfunctions and durability caused by pollution. In the latter structure 25, for example, a sufficiently high frictional force is not produced, whereby the gearing is subjected to excessive stresses due to digging forces. Due to the complex structure, the manufacturing costs of the above-mentioned solutions are high, in which case the acquisition prices become too high and their acquisition is not possible. eg as an excavator accessory.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. and eliminates the shortcomings of the prior art, and * · * · enables working with the excavator in tight spaces, so that the good reach of the 5351 allows digging to be carried out with fewer machine movements and at the same time • the number of raw masses to be moved is smaller.

Said advantages are achieved by a turning device according to the invention. la, which is characterized by what is defined in the characterizing part of the claims.

«♦ · ···· In the following, the invention will be explained in detail by means of some: preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying 45> drawings.

<· ·: Figure 1 shows a device cut along the line A-A.

100902 3

Figure 2 shows the device seen from the direction of the tractor boom.

Figure 3 shows a side view of the device.

Figure 4 shows the device cut along the line C-C.

Figure 5 shows the hydraulic system included in the device by means of standard drawing marks.

Fig. 6 shows the turning device as in Fig. 7, but with the bucket turned at an angle from the vertical plane and viewed from the direction of the excavator boom, cut along the line B-B.

Figure 7 shows a side view of a turning device attached between an excavator-15 bucket and a boom.

Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 show a boom mounting plate 1 and a bucket mounting plate 2, which are fastened to the frame 3 preferably by screw and nut connections 9 and 10. The massive frame 3 receiving bending moments and shear forces consists of a tubular web with a circular flange at both ends and for bearing. The tubular structure of the body allows the necessary passage of the necessary electrical, hydraulic-25 or other conductors 35 through the openings 34, whereby the conductors become well protected against damage. It is not necessary to present the detailed structure and manufacturing method of the body in this context. The frame 3 is connected to the boom mounting plate 1 by the above-mentioned joint 9 and by means of a frame flange-like fastening plate 6 and a plain bearing arrangement. made,: * 3 · 5 that is formed between the surfaces in connection with the tightening of the joint 9 *. suitable bearing clearance, which clearance can be adjusted in ways well known in bearing technology, such as • between the boom mounting plate 1 and the frame mounting plate 6 Γ.Ι. by means of thin adjusting plates to be fitted, which, however, are not ** 0 'shown in the figures. The bearing arrangement also includes one or more lubrication channels 11 and a sealing. organs 7. The bearing allows only one degree of freedom in the joint ’··· * i.e. only the rotation of the parties relative to each other is possible—’ · / · ·. The boom mounting plate 1 is fixed by welding the buckle 45 cylinder lugs 29 and the boom mounting lugs 27.

The frame 3 and the boom mounting plate 1 can be locked rigidly relative to each other or rotated relative to each other by a pivoting cylinder 1 and a friction clutch arrangement comprising two supporting clutch shoes 4, a mounting member 16, 4 100902 single acting locking cylinder 14, clamping member 15 and friction member 15 5. The torque transmitted by the friction clutch arrangement is directly proportional to the tightening force produced by the locking cylinder and to the friction-5 action between the friction surfaces. The double-acting pivoting cylinder 12 is fixed to the clutch shoe 4 and the boom mounting plate by means of eye bearings, pins 18 and suitably welded lugs 11 attached to the clutch shoe 4 and by means of similarly welded lugs 13 attached to the boom mounting plate.

10

Figure 5 shows a hydraulic system belonging to the device, comprising a locking cylinder 14, a reversing cylinder 12, a pressure accumulator 19, a shut-off valve 20, for example a pressure-controlled non-return valve, directional control valves 22, 23 and 30, limit switches 15, preferably electrically operated, control system system 33 and the necessary hydraulic or electrical lines 17, 21 and 31 with their respective components, connectors and accessories, the latter not indicated in the figure.

Figure 7 shows the connection of the bucket 24, the boom 26, the bucket cylinder 25 and the turning device 28 in principle. In this embodiment, the turning device is mounted between the boom and the bucket when turned 180 ° compared to Fig. 3. The boom mounting plate of the turning device and the mounting plate of the bucket are connected to the turning device in the normal way by pin and ear connection and welding.

Figure 6 illustrates the turning device turned vertically. The turning device according to the invention can be turned 30 to any arbitrary angular position.

The operation of the turning device when carried out manually is in principle. the following. Initially, the turning device is' ·. locked by a locking cylinder 14 which receives the required pressure energy from the pressure accumulator 19. With the directional control valve 23 controlling the turning cylinder 12 in the middle position, there is a turning device and a bucket *. rigidly connected to each other, allowing normal excavation movements to take place. By controlling the reversing cylinder with the directional control valve t, it is also possible to achieve an arcuate movement 1alle) on the bucket within the limits allowed by the stroke length of the cylinder. If the driver wishes to change the position of the bucket * · **, the driver drives the swivel cylinder + movement to its extreme position and releases it by means of the locking valve 20,. pressure accumulator to the pressure tank and turn the clutch shoes to the new '• j · * position using the swivel cylinder. He then '• 05' directs the pressure on the locking cylinder and the pressure accumulator, allowing the locking to take place again and the bucket / boom to be turned.

If desired, the system can be controlled by a control system 33 Ί ', which is preferably a programmable logic δθ': or equivalent. In this case, it is possible to connect the limit switches 32 ', ··. and other possible system monitoring devices, such as sensors, as input signals for programmable logic s 100902 and necessary control commands, such as directional valve control voltages as output signals. Fig. 5 shows a preferred solution for implementing control, in which solution limit switches 32, cylinders 12 and 5 14 and directional valves 22 and 30 are connected to each other on a sequential basis, whereby control system 33 controls only directional valve 23. However, connection of directional valve 23 to control system is not shown. .

10

The figures and the related description are intended to illustrate the present invention only. The details of the turning device may vary within the scope of the inventive idea set forth in the appended claims and the description of the invention. It is clear to 15 professionals in the field e.g. the fact that the device may include one or more pivoting cylinders, a locking cylinder or a clutch shoe, and the components may also be located asymmetrically. It is also clear that the method of attaching the turning device to the boom of an excavator or the like and to a bucket, for example, depends on the shapes and dimensions of the structures in question. Furthermore, it is self-evident to a person skilled in the art that the embodiment of the invention may vary within the framework of working conditions, customer needs, low-cost serial work methods and structural solutions to be implemented in connection with mass production. Examples include the construction of a body and mounting plates as an integrated whole of two or a few physical pieces, and the integral integration of a hydraulic and electrical system with equipment or the implementation of commercially available components. Furthermore, the mutual operation and order of operation of the control system and the hydraulic system may differ from the preferred embodiment mentioned in the description of the invention.

·: · 3ί5 ♦ »» • · * · »· · • · · * *: $ o • * * •« · ♦ · · * * · • ·. : * #: • »· 4 ·»

$ * I

· 50.

4 · • «· * • · • ·

Claims (4)

A swinging device for swinging the boom to an excavator or the like, comprising a body (3), a fastening plate (1), a fastening plate (2), characterized in that swinging of the bucket or boom takes place by utilizing the friction force with by means of a rotating cylinder (12) and a friction clutch arrangement, which arrangement comprises one or more clutch jaws (4), a fastener (16), a single-acting locking cylinder (14), a clamping member (15) and friction material (5). Swing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises a hydraulic system consisting of a locking cylinder (14), a turning cylinder (12), a pressure accumulator (19), a locking valve (20), directional valves (22), (30). and (23) and necessary hydraulic and electrical lines (17), (31), and (21) with associated connectors. Swing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the function of the device is operated by a control system comprising electric limit switches (32), electrically operated directional valves (22), (23), (30) and a programmable logic (33) or the like and necessary hydraulic and electrical lines (17), (21) and (31) with associated circuit components, connectors and equipment. 4. Swing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (3) is tubular, whereby the wires contained in the system can be arranged to pass through the body to various work units. »* - f ·