ES8300863A1 - Procedimiento para controlar un alto horno dotado de tres zonas para la produccion de gas reductor. - Google Patents

Procedimiento para controlar un alto horno dotado de tres zonas para la produccion de gas reductor.

Info

Publication number
ES8300863A1
ES8300863A1 ES503004A ES503004A ES8300863A1 ES 8300863 A1 ES8300863 A1 ES 8300863A1 ES 503004 A ES503004 A ES 503004A ES 503004 A ES503004 A ES 503004A ES 8300863 A1 ES8300863 A1 ES 8300863A1
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
slags
hot metal
operating
blast furnace
zone controlled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
ES503004A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
ES503004A0 (es
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of ES8300863A1 publication Critical patent/ES8300863A1/es
Publication of ES503004A0 publication Critical patent/ES503004A0/es
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/04Making slag of special composition
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/006Automatically controlling the process
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06Continuous processes
    • C10J3/08Continuous processes with ash-removal in liquid state
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30Fuel charging devices
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/721Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/723Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/74Construction of shells or jackets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093Coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943Coke
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956Air or oxygen enriched air
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959Oxygen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0966Hydrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973Water
    • C10J2300/0976Water as steam
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0983Additives
    • C10J2300/0996Calcium-containing inorganic materials, e.g. lime
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1253Heating the gasifier by injecting hot gas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1892Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

PROCEDIMIENTO PARA CONTROLAR UN ALTO HORNO DOTADO DE TRES ZONAS PARA LA PRODUCCION DE GAS REDUCTOR. CONSISTE EN LA UTILIZACION DE TOBERAS AUXILIARES, MEDIOS PARA EL TRANSPORTE DE GASES E INSTALACIONES DE CONTROL, Y ES APLICABLE EN LOS ALTOS HORNOS DEDICADOS A LA PRODUCCION DE METAL CALIENTE (MBF) O A LOS DEDICADOS A LA PRODUCCION DE GASES DE ALTA ESPECIFICACION (GBF). EN AMBOS CASOS LA ZONA 1 ESTA FRENTE A LAS TOBERAS PRIMARIAS, SIENDO LA ZONA 2 EL RESTO DEL ATALAJE Y LA 3 LA QUE SE EXTIENDE POR ENCIMA DE LA CUBA. EXISTEN CUATRO CONJUNTOS DE TOBERAS: EN EL FONDO DEL ATALAJE (21, 43), POR DEBAJO DE LA CUBA (19, 45), ENCIMA DE LA CUBA (16, 47) Y CERCA DEL FONDO DE LA ZONA 3 (13, 49). POR LAS TOBERAS INFERIORES SE INTRODUCE UN GAS CONTENIENDO CO Y H O, QUE REACCIONA ENDOTERMICAMENTE CON CARBONO A TEMPERATURA SUPERIOR A 1.000<025>C, SE PRODUCE CO Y H , Y SE EXTRAE POR LAS TOBERAS SUPERIORES UN GAS CON CONTENIDO TERMICO DE 1.800 KILOCALORIAS/M , CONTENIENDO CO, H Y N Y ESTA EXENTO DE CO , H O YS.
ES503004A 1980-06-12 1981-06-12 Procedimiento para controlar un alto horno dotado de tres zonas para la produccion de gas reductor. Granted ES503004A0 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/158,709 US4381938A (en) 1980-06-12 1980-06-12 Multi-purpose zone controlled blast furnace and method of producing hot metal, gases and slags

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES8300863A1 true ES8300863A1 (es) 1982-11-01
ES503004A0 ES503004A0 (es) 1982-11-01

Family

ID=22569354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES503004A Granted ES503004A0 (es) 1980-06-12 1981-06-12 Procedimiento para controlar un alto horno dotado de tres zonas para la produccion de gas reductor.

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4381938A (es)
EP (1) EP0042147A1 (es)
JP (1) JPS57500986A (es)
KR (1) KR830006438A (es)
BR (1) BR8108648A (es)
CA (1) CA1165568A (es)
ES (1) ES503004A0 (es)
GB (1) GB2090871B (es)
SU (1) SU1138036A3 (es)
WO (1) WO1981003668A1 (es)
YU (1) YU147781A (es)
ZA (1) ZA813975B (es)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8300288A (nl) * 1983-01-26 1984-08-16 Hengelmolen Eng Oven voor het smelten van metalen.
JPS62290841A (ja) * 1986-06-10 1987-12-17 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 含クロム銑の製造方法
JPH01195226A (ja) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-07 Kobe Steel Ltd 溶融還元方法
JPH01195225A (ja) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-07 Kobe Steel Ltd 製鉄原料の溶解方法
US5198190A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-03-30 Enviroscience, Inc. Method of recycling hazardous waste
US6030430A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-02-29 Material Conversions, Inc. Blast furnace with narrowed top section and method of using
DE102008014044B4 (de) * 2008-03-13 2013-04-04 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von silikatischen Schmelzen
EA018553B1 (ru) 2008-03-25 2013-08-30 Агк Гласс Юроп Способ ведения плавки в стеклоплавильной печи
EA020084B1 (ru) * 2008-03-25 2014-08-29 Агк Гласс Юроп Способ ведения плавки в стеклоплавильной печи
JP4697340B2 (ja) * 2009-05-29 2011-06-08 Jfeスチール株式会社 高炉操業方法
LU92151B1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-18 Wurth Paul Sa Blast furnace installation

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790711A (en) * 1957-04-30 Molten
FR535528A (fr) * 1921-05-14 1922-04-15 Perfectionnements aux hauts fourneaux
GB191764A (en) * 1921-07-14 1923-01-15 Richard Franchot Improvements in processes for the manufacture of iron
US1836005A (en) * 1928-06-04 1931-12-15 Harold R Berry Process for the heat treatment and reduction of ores
US2216727A (en) * 1938-02-15 1940-10-08 Little Inc A Blast furnace process
US2727816A (en) * 1952-10-03 1955-12-20 Raick Julien Method for reduction-smelting of ferrous materials in a modified blast furnace with a specific combination of gaseous injection at two levels
US2793946A (en) * 1952-10-04 1957-05-28 George R Paschal Methods and apparatus for the production of iron
US2795497A (en) * 1953-04-23 1957-06-11 Hans I Elvander Method and apparatus for producing molten iron
US2799576A (en) * 1953-11-11 1957-07-16 Strikfeldt & Co W Process for operating shaft blast furnaces
US2952533A (en) * 1956-02-21 1960-09-13 Cuscoleca Otwin Method of operating a furnace in which the material treated is reduced
US3375098A (en) * 1964-07-22 1968-03-26 Armco Steel Corp Gaseous reduction of iron ores
US3458307A (en) * 1967-03-07 1969-07-29 Armco Steel Corp Method of blast furnace reduction of iron ores
GB1218912A (en) * 1968-01-04 1971-01-13 British Iron Steel Research Blast furnace operation
BE748895A (en) * 1970-04-13 1970-10-13 Centre Rech Metallurgique Control of blast furnace reducing zone
NL157056B (nl) * 1970-06-20 1978-06-15 Nippon Kokan Kk Werkwijze voor het reduceren van ijzererts in een hoogoven.
BE760948A (en) * 1970-12-28 1971-06-28 Centre Rech Metallurgique Hearth furnace operation
FR2156456A1 (en) * 1971-10-20 1973-06-01 Nippon Kokan Kk Blast furnace combined operation - by blowing a reducing gas and an oxygen enriched flux
US3814404A (en) * 1972-01-31 1974-06-04 Kaiser Steel Corp Blast furnace and method of operating the same
US3928023A (en) * 1972-01-31 1975-12-23 Kaiser Steel Corp Method of treating off gases from iron processes
US3909446A (en) * 1972-03-31 1975-09-30 Nippon Kokan Kk Method of manufacturing high quality reducing gas by two stage reforming processes
JPS4994592A (es) * 1973-01-16 1974-09-07
JPS5717038B2 (es) * 1973-04-23 1982-04-08
US4052173A (en) * 1974-07-29 1977-10-04 Dynecology Incorporated Simultaneous gasification of coal and pyrolysis of organic solid waste materials
US4187672A (en) * 1977-11-17 1980-02-12 Rasor Associates, Inc. Apparatus for converting carbonaceous material into fuel gases and the recovery of energy therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0042147A1 (en) 1981-12-23
YU147781A (en) 1983-12-31
GB2090871A (en) 1982-07-21
ZA813975B (en) 1982-06-30
KR830006438A (ko) 1983-09-24
SU1138036A3 (ru) 1985-01-30
US4381938A (en) 1983-05-03
JPS57500986A (es) 1982-06-03
ES503004A0 (es) 1982-11-01
WO1981003668A1 (en) 1981-12-24
GB2090871B (en) 1985-06-26
BR8108648A (pt) 1982-04-27
CA1165568A (en) 1984-04-17

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