ES2960715T3 - Filling element for formwork for the construction sector - Google Patents

Abstract

A filling element (1) for formwork (2) for the building sector, which is dome-shaped to form arch-shaped openings (3) that can be arranged between the perimeter walls (4) that delimit the access space. (5) and legs (6) supported by tubular elements (7) that are arranged vertically on the ground. The filling element (1) has a flat base (8) close to whose longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) protrude upwards. a first tab (15), which has a complementary shape to the opening (3) and is provided with a lip (17) to engage the first perimeter edge (16) of the opening (3), and at least a second tab ( 21), which acts as a gasket in case of resting against the walls (4). The longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) of the flat base (8) are arc-shaped. (Automatic translation with Google Translate, without legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Filling element for formwork for the construction sector

The present invention relates to a filling element for formwork for the construction sector used to provide ventilated interior spaces and ventilated floors, for example for the construction and renovation of civil and industrial buildings, accumulation or collection tanks, dispersion tanks , alveolar platforms, cooling chambers, swimming pools.

Currently, it is known to provide highly ventilated interior spaces and ventilated floors through the use of disposable formwork, made of thermoplastic material and having a shape substantially similar to a dome with a substantially square base whose corners are supported in a lower region by tubes made of plastic material that, filled with concrete, support the pavement slab or the foundation of the superimposed platform.

Document EP1092816B1 is known, which refers to a formwork to contain a concrete pour, adapted to form a support surface for a pavement, a tile or similar of a building, the formwork being constituted by stool-shaped elements, molded from plastic material, which are connected to each other by overlapping the respective side edges.

This formwork has legs supported by tubular elements that are arranged vertically on the ground to increase the height of the formwork; At the lower end of each leg of said stool-shaped elements there is also a protuberance that has a fork shape and is open downwards. Said fork-shaped protruding element is adapted to be assembled on the upper edge of one of the tubular elements.

A drawback found in this background of the technique is that, once said formwork has been placed, there remains a free space that corresponds to half the diameter of the tubular element and is located between the perimeter wall that delimits the casting area.

To avoid this inconvenience, it is known to insert into said free space a strip made of polystyrene that fills the free space between the wall and the formwork closest to said wall, so as to prevent concrete from being poured into the space. inside.

However, even this system suffers from drawbacks, since the strip made of polystyrene partially blocks the tubular elements on which it is placed, thus making it difficult to subsequently fill the tubular element with concrete and, thus, endangering the support of the superimposed structure, with the consequent structural instabilities.

Furthermore, since the strip made of polystyrene is not formed in one piece with the formwork, the pouring of concrete necessary to fill the tubular element risks displacing the strip.

Furthermore, polystyrene is subject to water absorption in the event of rain and this water is released even several months later, creating islands of humidity in the structure.

Furthermore, storage problems at the construction site are known, where such strips can easily spread/disperse in the construction site area even in a slight breeze.

Document EP1282750B1 is also known, which describes an accessory for modular support and ventilation elements for interior spaces, tiles, flooring or similar construction components, which has a front wall to which is adjacent a side wall that has a profile complementary to that of the the opening formed by each pair of vertical legs of a modular element.

This solution has the function of closing and lateral extension of the modular elements.

This solution also suffers from drawbacks: in fact, the front wall to close the accessory is not perfectly vertical, but is preferably inclined approximately between 5 and 15 degrees, and this does not allow optimal closure on the wall of the interior space, allowing, in this way, the passage of concrete during pouring.

Furthermore, this solution cannot be applied if the modular elements are used by placing tubular elements arranged vertically on the floor on their legs so as to increase the height of the modular elements.

For example, document US 2,602,323 is also known, which describes a disposable formwork that has a dome or stool shape with a substantially square plan that has, at its corners, legs to rest on a ceiling slab that are fused together. yes by means of arc-shaped elements that, once arranged adjacent to other arch-shaped elements of other formworks, form an empty space of the sanitary or technical type under the floor.

The connection between adjacent formwork is made in the arc-shaped elements using flanges provided for this purpose.

In any case, since the formwork is not supported by tubes, maximum heights of less than one meter are reached.

Furthermore, the production of a higher monolithic formwork would be technologically very expensive, its installation would not be easy due to the dimensions that the operators would have to handle, and the distribution logistics would hardly be efficient.

Also provided is the use of a filling element consisting of a semicircular filling element used to close the formwork, again corresponding to the monolithic type (not supported by tubes), in one or more of the arch-shaped elements that define the openings.

However, the use of said filling elements is not effective in the case of concrete pouring, since these elements can be detached from said formwork and also from said elements, occluding the formwork wall in order to prevent the pouring of the pouring concrete, not closing the space between the formwork and the wall that delimits the pouring region.

Furthermore, there would be the problem of compensating for the space that is formed, due to the modular dimension of the formwork in the changeable areas of the intervention, between the perimeter wall that delimits the interior space or floor and the formwork adjacent to said wall.

As a partial solution to this drawback, the use, as filling elements, of sheets or blocks or strips made of expanded polystyrene is known, sometimes also shaped to allow a certain adjustment with respect to the perimeter wall; However, even this solution is not effective, since said sheets or blocks or strips are not formed in one piece with the formwork and, therefore, they can move under the pressure of the concrete.

Another problem is that, since the elements are solid, there is no cavity beneath them and therefore no real ventilated interior space is formed.

Furthermore, they are not stackable and therefore take up a large volume during transport.

In addition, they are subject to the absorption of water by the expanded polystyrene in the event of rain, releasing said water even several months later, creating islands of humidity in the structure.

Additionally, storage problems are known in the construction area, where said blocks or sheets or strips can be easily spread/dispersed in the construction area, even under the effect of a light breeze.

Finally, many buyers tend to limit or eliminate the use of expanded polystyrene in the construction area due to problems of flammability during storage and loss of granules during placement, since these granules dirty the construction area.

Document US 2015/260313 A1 discloses a filling element according to the preamble of claim 1.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned above, providing a filling element for formwork that allows, when placing disposable formworks whose legs are supported on tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, to quickly and effectively close the opening. defined by the arc-shaped elements of a formwork.

Within this purpose, an objective of the present invention is to obtain a filling element for formwork that allows, in the placement of disposable formworks that rest on tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, to obtain an optimal coupling and, at the same time, allow optimal and easy filling of the tube with concrete.

Another objective is to provide a filling element for formwork that allows, during the placement of the disposable formwork that rests on tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, to prevent concrete from flowing between the formwork and the perimeter wall that delimits the casting area.

Another objective is to design a filling element for formwork that allows, during the placement of disposable formwork that rests on tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, to obtain an optimal closure to the passage of concrete, absorbing possible differences in length of the invention due to the use of recycled plastic material, which does not always have the same uniform shrinkage.

Another objective is to obtain an optimal closure to the passage of concrete, absorbing the irregular and protruding areas normally present on the adjacent wall to which the tubular support must be placed.

Another objective is to obtain an optimal closure, in the series arrangement, between the filling elements.

Another objective is to conceive a filling element for formwork that allows, during the placement of disposable formwork that rests on tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, to adapt quickly and easily if a closure of between 270 degrees of a corner that protrudes towards the floor.

Another objective is to provide a filler element for formwork that is structurally simple, has low supply costs and can be manufactured with normal plants of known type.

This purpose and these and other objectives, which will become clearer, are achieved by a filler element according to claim 1.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become clearer from the detailed description of a particular, but not exclusive, embodiment, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of some devices, with the filling element of the invention associated therewith, associated with each other;

Figure 2 is a first perspective side view of the filling element of the invention;

Figure 3 is a second perspective side view of the filling element of the invention;

Figure 4 is a third perspective side view of the filling element of the invention;

Figure 5 is a bottom view of the filling element of the invention;

Figure 6 is a top view of the filling element of the invention;

Figure 7 is a sectional view, taken along the section plane VN-VII of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a lower perspective view of the filling element of the invention, with the ends of which tubular elements are associated;

Figure 9 is a sectional view, taken along the section plane IX-IX of Figure 1.

Referring to the figures, the reference number 1 designates a formwork filling element 2 for the construction sector that has a dome shape, so that arc-shaped openings 3 are formed that can be arranged between the walls. perimeter 4 that delimit the interior space 5.

The formwork 2 has legs 6 supported by tubular elements 7 that are arranged vertically on the ground.

The filling element 1 has a flat base 8 that is longer than the dimension of the diameter of the base of the opening 3 (that is, greater than the measurement between the free lower ends of the opening 3), whose longitudinal ends 9a, 9b are shaped substantially complementary to the lateral surface 10 of the tubular element 7.

At the longitudinal ends 9a, 9b, means are provided for temporary coupling with the upper end of each of said tubular elements 7, said means being constituted by a fork 11 that has the shape of an inverted letter C, between whose wings 12a, 12b said upper end of each of said tubular elements 7 can be inserted.

A wing 14 of chosen height protrudes on the outer longitudinal edge 13 of the base 8 along the entire length and in the direction of said tubular element 7.

A first tongue 15 that protrudes longitudinally, on the opposite side with respect to said wing 14, close to the longitudinal ends 9a, 9b of the flat base 8, has a curved shape that is substantially complementary to the opening 3 and is provided with a first upper perimeter edge 16 provided with a lip 17 for coupling with the second perimeter edge 18 of the opening 3 which, advantageously, is shaped in the shape of the letter C directed upwards.

Therefore, the connection of the filling element 1 to the formwork 2 occurs by superimposing the first perimeter edge 16 on the outermost wing 19 of the second perimeter edge 18.

Advantageously, two pairs of projections 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are provided for the connection between the flat base 8 and the ends of the first tongue 15 that begin to protrude therefrom near the longitudinal ends 9a, 9b.

The filling element 1 is further provided with a plurality of second tabs 21, which are substantially identical to each other and protrude from the outer longitudinal edge 13 of the base 8 on the opposite side with respect to said wing 14.

Advantageously, the plurality of second tabs 21 has an inclination such that its third upper perimeter edge 22 protrudes in the opposite direction with respect to the first tab 15, so that the function of a gasket is achieved in case of contact at rest of the element. of filling 1 against said walls 4, given the possibility that each of the second tabs 21 adapts to the not always flat shape of the part of said wall 4 against which it rests.

Advantageously, the plurality of second tabs 21 protrude beyond the longitudinal ends 9a, 9b of the flat base 8.

In each of the longitudinal ends 9a, 9b of the flat base 8, a pre-cut 23 is also provided that connects the outer longitudinal edge 13 of the flat base 8 with the wing 12b of the fork 11.

The pre-cuts 23 are arranged with an inclination so that, in the event of their breakage, they produce a decrease in the radius of curvature of the longitudinal ends 9a, 9b.

In this way, it has been proven that the invention fully achieves the purpose and objectives pursued, obtaining a filling element that allows, during the placement of disposable formworks whose legs are supported by tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, to close the quickly and efficiently the opening, defined by the arc-shaped elements, of a formwork.

Furthermore, during the placement of disposable formworks that rest on tubular elements arranged vertically on the ground, the invention allows obtaining an excellent coupling and, at the same time, allows an optimal and simple filling of the tube with concrete, while avoiding that said concrete passes between the formwork and the perimeter wall that delimits the pouring area.

Likewise, the invention allows, during the placement of disposable formwork, to achieve an optimal closure to the passage of concrete, accommodating the possible differences in length of said invention due to the use of recycled plastic material, which does not always present the same uniform contraction, absorbing the at the same time any irregularities and protuberances normally present on the wall against which the tubular support is arranged.

The invention also allows obtaining an optimal closure, in the series arrangement, between said filling elements and allows the user, during the placement of the disposable formwork, to adapt quickly and easily if a closure of a corner that protrudes towards the floor at 270 degrees.

Obviously, the invention is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all of them within the scope of the attached claims.

When the technical characteristics mentioned in any claim are followed by reference symbols, these reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and, consequently, said reference symbols do not present any limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by said reference symbols.

Claims (9)

1. Filling element (1) for formwork (2) for the construction sector, which has a shape similar to a dome so that arc-shaped openings (3) are formed that can be arranged between the perimeter walls. (4) that delimit the interior space (5) and legs (6) supported by tubular elements (7) that are arranged vertically on the floor, said filling element (1) presenting a flat base (8) close to the longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) from which a first tongue (15) protrudes upwards, which has a complementary shape to said opening (3) and is provided with a lip (17) for coupling with the first perimeter edge (16). ) of said opening (3), and at least one second tongue (21), which acts as a gasket in case of resting against said walls (4), presenting said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) of said flat base (8 ) an arch shape, characterized in that said flat base (8) is longer than the dimension of the diameter of the base of said opening (3), the longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) thereof presenting a complementary shape to the lateral surface (10) of said tubular element (7), with said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) having temporary coupling means with the upper end of each of said tubular elements (7), said means being constituted by a fork (11) shaped like a inverted letter C between whose wings (12a, 12b) said upper end of each of said tubular elements (7) can be inserted. 2. Filling element according to claim 1, characterized in that a wing (14) of chosen height protrudes on the outer longitudinal edge (13) of said flat base (8) along the entire length and in the direction of said tubular element (7). 3. Filling element according to claim 2, characterized in that the first tab (15) protrudes longitudinally, on the opposite side with respect to said wing (14), close to said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) of said flat base ( 8) and has a curved shape that is substantially complementary to said opening (3) and is provided with a first upper perimeter edge (16) provided with the lip (17) for coupling with the second perimeter edge (18) of said opening ( 3) and is shaped in the shape of the letter C directed upward. 4. Filling element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that its connection to said formwork (2) is produced by superimposing said first perimeter edge (16) on an outermost wing (19) of said second perimeter edge (18). ). 5. Filling element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are two pairs of projections (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) for the connection between said flat base (8) and the ends of said first tongue (15). ) that begin to protrude from it near said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b). 6. Filling element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a plurality of second tabs (21) that are substantially identical to each other and protrude from said outer longitudinal edge (13) of said base (8) in the opposite side with respect to said wing (14). 7. Filling element according to claim 6, characterized in that said plurality of second tabs (21) has an inclination such that its third upper perimeter edge (22) protrudes in the opposite direction with respect to said first tab (15) so that the function of a gasket is achieved in case of rest contact of said filling element (1) against said walls (4), given the possibility that each of said second tabs (21) adapts to the shape of the part of said wall (4) against which it rests. 8. Filling element according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said plurality of second tabs (21) protrude beyond said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) of said flat base (8). 9. Filling element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each of said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b) of said flat base (8), there is a pre-cut (23) that connects said outer longitudinal edge ( 13) from said flat base (8) to said wing (12b) of said fork (11), said pre-cuts (23) being arranged with an inclination such that they produce, in the event of their breakage, a decrease in the radius of curvature of said longitudinal ends (9a, 9b).