ES2894345T3 - adjustable mezzanine - Google Patents

Abstract

It consists of a mezzanine floor provided with an extension system in all its components, which allows it to be placed anywhere as well as to change its location, being able to adapt the same structure to other spaces without the need for works or changes to the structure. It is made up of four extensible pillars (1) that support, by means of a capital (7), two extensible beams (12) to which a series of joists (17), also extensible, are attached by means of connectors, on which the flat floor is installed ( twenty-one). It also has a ladder (22) held by connectors to the upper part of the structure.

Description

DESCRIPTION

adjustable mezzanine

The present invention refers to a mezzanine provided with an extension system in all its components, which allows its placement in any suitable place, as well as the change of location, being able to adapt the same structure to other architectural spaces without the need to carry out construction works. masonry or structural changes.

It has its field of application within the industry of auxiliary construction components and particularly in the auxiliary industry of mezzanines.

In this sector of the technique, those effective developments and specifically dedicated to the function in question prevail, which give rise to a system that is easy to install, with low cost and technically appreciable results. The characteristics of the system presented in this invention are perfectly adapted to this concept, offering the state of the art a novel, simple, straightforward and highly economical manufacturing embodiment.

Some models are known in this sector of the industry that do not provide the state of the art with the novel characteristics proposed by the present invention. The state of the art provides fixed mezzanines, made to measure according to the details of the location in which it is going to be installed and another type of modular mezzanines consisting of fixed modules of preconceived sizes and that have to be adapted to the place at the time of your installation.

Compared to the novelties provided by the present invention, the known mezzanines have the following drawbacks: They cannot be reused for other locations, and for this reason the installed mezzanine must be disregarded and a new one installed in the case of transfer to another place. Specialized personnel are necessary to carry out the installation of the known mezzanines. The cost of transporting these conventional mezzanines is higher than that proposed by the present invention, since it entails the use of trucks of sufficient length to accommodate the necessarily fixed-measure components. It is necessary to dedicate more time for its installation. Modular mezzanines, being made up of modules attached to each other, have a lower firmness than those proposed by the present invention. They are less versatile. Its installation is complicated. They are accompanied by masonry works.

It implies the displacement of an operator to take the measurements of the location where the mezzanine should be located with the consequent economic cost. The manufacture of these conventional mezzanines, due to the fact that it is necessary to produce them by units, is considerably more expensive than those proposed by this invention. For the same reason, it is not possible to have an adequate stock, assuming a dilation of the service time.

Document WO 03/091514 A1 discloses a building system based on modules comprising a set of pillars and beams of a fixed size, thus presenting the drawbacks of the prior art as indicated above.

The present invention relates to a mezzanine comprising a floor surface extended on beams supported by columns, as defined in claim 1 attached.

According to the present invention, the mezzanine comprises at least four columns, at least two beams and at least two joists.

Faced with the drawbacks described above, the present invention provides the state of the art with novel, simple and easy-to-execute solutions that result in the following advantages:

They can be reused for other locations, not being necessary to disregard the installed mezzanine and install a new one in the case of moving to another place. Specialized personnel are not necessary to carry out the installation of the mezzanine proposed by the present invention. The cost of transport is lower than that of conventional mezzanines, since the use of large vehicles is not necessary. The time dedicated to its installation is significantly lower. The firmness offered by the mezzanine proposed by the present invention is superior to that offered by modular mezzanines. It is more versatile. Its installation is not complicated. It is not accompanied by masonry works. It is not necessary for an operator to move to take the measurements of the location where the mezzanine should be located, with the consequent economic savings. The manufacturing has a lower cost to be able to manufacture in series, since the measurements of its components are always the same. For the same reason, it is possible to have an adequate stock, assuming a saving in service time.

All these combined elements give rise to a final result in which significant differentiating characteristics are provided compared to the current state of the art.

Thus, the invention is constituted from four pillars of steel or a material with the same characteristics Composed of tubes with telescopic relationship. A metal plate, which can be circular or otherwise, with holes to fasten it to the ground using screws, is preferably welded off-center at the base of the lower tube, leaving the largest area oriented towards the interior of the structure and avoiding so the pillar is too far from the wall. The two tubes that form the pillar have matching perforations that regulate the height of the structure by means of a pin. At the upper end of the pillar there is a capital, which can be of the same material, formed by a plate bent essentially at a right angle, welded to the pillar on one of its sides and attached to the other side by screws to a beam, described later. . The plate bent essentially at right angles that forms the capital has, on the side welded to the pillar, a reinforcing plate welded to the pillar and to the capital.

A steel beam or other resistant material whose cross-section has a rectangular shape is joined to the capital by means of screws. One of the longest sides of the rectangle, which draws the profile of the beam, has an opening along the entire length of the beam wide enough to house a connector, made up of a plate that can be made of the same material as the previous components, bent essentially at right angles. One of the sides of the connector is coupled by screws inside the rectangle formed by the beam, the other side of the connector is coupled in the same way inside a joist, similar to the beam but smaller in size. On the side of the beam opposite the one that is cut along its entire length, there are perforations that coincide with the perforations of the capital and the connector, and there are also other larger perforations that act as cable glands.

The beams and joists are made up of two pieces inserted one inside the other, with a telescopic relationship that, fixing them with bolts through their perforations, will give the width and depth of the mezzanine. Each beam is joined at its ends to a pillar, forming a beam and two pillars in one set, and the mezzanine is made up of two sets, one at the front and one at the back, joined by the joists that in turn support the flat floor, made up of plates of a hard material, screwed to the joists. On this bare floor, the final floor is placed according to the use to which the mezzanine is intended.

On the most convenient side of the structure there is a staircase made of two stringers, formed by extensible beams provided at their upper ends with a connector, formed by a plate bent twice at right angles, joined by screws, one side to the stringers and the other two sides to a beam or joist and to the bare floor. The lower end of the beams that make up the ladder incorporate other anchors formed by a plate bent at the appropriate angle depending on the inclination of the ladder.

Attached by screws to the perforations of both beams, the steps are made of resistant material.

A different embodiment is made of another type of material with sufficient strength and stiffness to support the design load.

Another different embodiment is constituted by more than four pillars.

Another different embodiment incorporates polygonal or other shaped pillars.

Indistinctly, the base plate located at the lower end of the pillar has a polygonal or other shape.

Indistinctly, the reinforcing plate of the capital located at the upper end of the pillar, has a polygonal shape or another. For illustrative purposes and which does not form part of the invention, the profile of the beams and joists have a sigma, zeta, omega, "u" or similar shape.

Another different embodiment is made up of square-shaped profile beams and joists.

In a different way, the mezzanine incorporates a railing located in the upper part,

The staircase has a railing.

In another different embodiment, the ladder can be folded upwards, having the axis of rotation in its upper part.

Alternatively, the staircase is hidden under the beams of the mezzanine, moving it horizontally towards the interior of the mezzanine.

Indistinctly, the ladder is supported by a foot that hangs from the lower part of the ladder on one of its sides so that free passage is left under it.

In a different way, the ladder pivots to one side, having the axis of rotation in one of its stringers or in the support beams of the steps and the folding handrails.

In another different embodiment, the staircase is located inside the mezzanine, between two joists, opening a hole in the floor of the upper floor for access.

For a better understanding of this description, some drawings are attached that, by way of non-limiting example, describe a preferable embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 - Overview

Figure 2 - Pillar

Figure 3 - Capital

Figure 4 - Beam

Figure 5 - Joist to Beam Connector

Figure 6 - Ladder

Figure 7 - Stair to Mezzanine Connector

Figure 8 - Ladder Base Plate

In these figures the following numbered elements stand out:

1. - Pillar

2. - Upper part of the pillar

3. - Lower part of the pillar

4. - Pillar base plate

5. - Perforations of the lower part of the pillar

6. - Perforations of the upper part of the pillar

7. - Capital

8. - Face of the capital welded to the pillar

9. - Beam fastening face

10. - Perforations of the capital

11. - Reinforcement plate

12. - Beam

13. - Longitudinal section of the beam

14. - Beam to Beam Connector

15. - Beam perforations

16. - Parts of the beam

17. - Joist

18. - Face of the joist to the beam

19. - Beam-to-joist drilling

20. - Face of the connector attached to the joist

21. - Flat floor

22. - Staircase

23. - Ladder Connector

24. - Slide perforations

25. - Ladder connector plate

26. - Ladder fastening plate

27. - Perforations of the welded plate

28. - Stair beams

29. - Ladder base connector

30. - Face of the base connector to the beam

31. - Face of the base connector to the ground

32. - Drilling of the base connector to the ground

33. - Steps

34. - Pin

A preferable embodiment of the invention is constituted from four cylindrical steel pillars 1, composed of two pieces, upper pillar 2 and lower pillar 3, which fit one inside the other, one located in the upper part 2 and with a smaller diameter, which slides inside the other 3 located in the lower part and with a larger diameter, with enough tolerance to allow it to slide. The lower part of the pillar 3 has at one end a base plate of the pillar 4 of the same material, rounded, with several perforations, it is welded to the pillar off-center. The lower part of the pillar 3 has at least two perforations of the lower part of the pillar 5 at the same level and opposite ones located at the other end where the aforementioned base plate of the pillar 4 is located. The upper part of the pillar 2, with a diameter smaller than that of the lower part of the pillar 3, has perforations along its entire length and spaced from one another in the upper part of the pillar 6 equal to those of the lower part of the pillar 3. Joining with a pin 34 perforates the lower part of the pillar 3 with one of those made in the upper part of the pillar 2, the height of the mezzanine is obtained. At the upper end of the upper part of the pillar 2 with a smaller diameter, there is a capital 7 of the same material, formed by a plate bent at a right angle so that it has two vertical faces with respect to each other, one face of the capital welded to the pillar 8, with a width equal to the upper part of the pillar 2, it is welded to it, the other fastening face to the beam 9 with a width equal to the beam 12, described later, has some perforations of the capital 10 coinciding with others made in the beam 12. On the outside of this same support face of the beam 9, there is at least one reinforcing plate 11 in the form of an arch, the flat part of which is welded to the capital 7 and to the upper part of the pillar 2 together.

To the capital 7, already described, a beam 12 of the same material as the previous components, rectangular in shape, with a longitudinal cut of the beam 13 on one of the larger sides of the rectangle, made in its entire length with sufficient width to house a beam-to-joist connector 14, described later. On the face opposite to this longitudinal section of the beam 13 there are perforations of the beam 15 throughout the length of the beam 12 coinciding with the perforations of the capital 10.

These beams 12, like the pillars 1, are made up of two pieces of the beam 16 inserted one inside the other, with sufficient tolerance to allow them to slide, and fixing them with bolts through their perforations 15 will give the width of the mezzanine. .

A beam 17 of the same shape, material and composition as the beams 12, of the same length and somewhat smaller in section, its extensibility regulates the depth of the structure. It incorporates at each of its ends a beam-to-joist connector 14 formed by a plate made of the same material as the previous components, bent at a right angle, leaving two faces perpendicular to each other. One of these faces, which is the joist-to-beam face 18, has sufficient dimension to fit inside the rectangle formed by the beam and with the necessary beam-to-joist perforations 19 that coincide with those made in the beam 12 and joined to it by screws. The other face, that of the connector attached to the beam 20, has the necessary measurements to be coupled in the same way as the previous one to the end of the beam 17. Each of its ends is coupled to the corresponding beam 12 through the connector of beam to beam 14 previously described, arranging along the entire length of the beams 12 enough beams 17 to support the weight to which the structure is intended.

Each beam 12 is joined at its ends to a pillar 1, forming one beam 12 and two pillars 1, and the mezzanine is formed by two sets, one front and one rear, joined by joists 17 which in turn support the flat floor 21 , formed by plates of a hard material, screwed to the joists 17. On this level floor 21 the final floor is placed according to the use to which the mezzanine is intended.

On the most convenient side of the structure there is a ladder 22 formed by two extendable ladder beams 28 provided at their upper ends with a ladder connector 23, formed by a ladder fastening plate 26 bent at right angles, at the that on each of its faces incorporates a slide-shaped perforation 24, which is screwed to a beam 12 or joist 17 using the perforations that these have and to the flat floor 21. To this plate and welded to the edge of one of its faces vertically, another plate of the connector of the ladder 25 is incorporated that forms an angle with the previous one greater than 90°, and that gives the inclination to the ladder 22, this plate of the connector of the ladder 25 has some perforations of the welded plate 27 coinciding with the perforations of the beams of the ladder 28 that support and form the ladder 22 to which they are fastened by means of screws. The other end of the ladder beams 28 forming the ladder 22 incorporates ladder base connectors 29 formed by a plate bent at a right angle to which one of its faces, the face of the base connector to the beam 30, is screwed. to each of the ladder beams 28. The other face of the plate, which is the base-to-floor connector face 31, has at least one base-to-floor connector perforation 32 through which the ladder 22 is attached. to the ground by expansion anchor.

Attached by screws to the perforations of both beams of the ladder 28, the rungs 33 of resistant material are located.

Claims (11)

1. Mezzanine comprising a floor surface extended on beams supported by columns, where at least one column (1) is composed of an upper part of the column (2) and a lower part of the column (3) inserted one inside the other with telescopic relationship, where the lower part of the pillar (3) has at least two perforations of the lower part (5) and the upper part of the pillar (2) has at least two perforations of the upper part (6) located coincidentally to join both pieces (2, 3) by means of a pin (34); at least one beam (12) made up of pieces of the beam (16) inserted one inside the other in a telescopic relationship and that have perforations of the beam (15) that coincide in both pieces for their union; and the pillar (1) at its upper end has a capital (7), the capital has a beam fastening face (9) that has perforations in the capital (10) that coincide with the perforations in the beam (15) to join the beam (12) to the pillar (1), where the mezzanine also comprises at least two assemblies each formed by two pillars (1) joined by the beam (12) held by the capital (7), said assemblies are joined together by a joist (17) made up of pieces inserted one inside the other with a telescopic relationship and that have perforations that coincide in both pieces for their union; where said beam (12) and said joist (17) have a rectangular cross-section, where one of the longest sides of the rectangle has a longitudinal cut made throughout the entire length of the beam, respectively of the joist, with sufficient width to house a beam-to-joist connector (14), said beam (17) incorporates at each of its ends a beam-to-joist connector (14) that has a beam-to-beam face (18) and a of the connector (20), where the face of the joist to the beam (18) is joined to the beam (12) within the section of the rectangle formed by the beam (12) by means of screws with the corresponding beam-to-joist perforations (19) on said face of the joist to the beam (18) coincident with the perforations of the beam (15) and the face of the connector (20) is joined with the joist (17) inside the cut of the rectangle formed by the joist by means of screws with the corresponding beam perforations a beam (19) on said face of the connector (20) coinciding with the perforations of the beam (17) to join said assemblies. 2. Mezzanine according to claim 1, characterized in that said assemblies joined by the joists (17) support the raised floor (21). Mezzanine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capital (7) has at least one reinforcing plate (11) on its face for holding the beam (9). Mezzanine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part of the pillar (3) has at one end a base plate of the pillar (4) with perforations for its attachment to the floor. 5. Mezzanine according to claim 4, characterized in that the base plate of the pillar (4) is attached to the pillar (1) in an offset manner, with the largest area facing the interior of the structure. Mezzanine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper part of the pillar (2) and the lower part of the pillar (3) are made of resistant material with steel characteristics and have a cylindrical, polygonal or similar shape. Mezzanine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam (12) or the joist (17) are made of resistant material. 8. Mezzanine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a staircase (22) formed by the stair beams (28), each stair beam (28) is made up of parts inserted one inside the other with a telescopic relationship that have perforations that coincide in both pieces for their union, said ladder incorporates rungs (33) joined to the beams of the ladder (28) by means of their perforations. Mezzanine according to claim 8, characterized in that the stair beams (28) have a stair connector (23) at their upper ends. Mezzanine according to claim 9, characterized in that the ladder connector (23) is formed by a ladder fastening plate (26) adapted to the shape of the beam (12) or joist (17) and which has in each one of its faces has a slide perforation (24) for its connection to the beam (12) or joist (17), said ladder connector (23) incorporates a ladder connector plate (25) that has perforations of the plate (27) coinciding with the perforations of the stair beams (28) for joining the stair (22) to the mezzanine. 11. Mezzanine according to claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the stair beam (28) incorporates a stair base connector (29), formed by one face of the base connector to the beam (30) that has perforations coinciding with the perforations of the beam of the ladder (28) for its fastening, and on one side of the connector to the ground (31) that has at least one perforation of the base connector to the ground (32) for the union of the ladder (22) to the ground.