ES2745454T3 - Vane pump - Google Patents

Abstract

A pump with a rotor (10) comprising two or more vanes (12a, 12b, ...) arranged to operate with edges (17a1, 17a2, 17b1, 17b2, ...) against a flat surface of the inner wall ( 2) in its complete axial extension in a rotor housing (1) with a lower wall (15) and a cover (16) and further arranged with an inlet (7) and an outlet (6), where the rotor (10 ) is arranged on a shaft (9) positioned mainly eccentrically in relation to the surface of the mainly cylindrical inner wall (2) of the rotor housing (1), whereby each vane (12a, 12b, ... ) is arranged to drive each one in a corresponding diametrical groove (141), 142 ...) in the rotor (10), and each vane (12a, 12b, ...) extends from the edge of one end (17a1 , 17b1, ...) to the edge of the opposite end (17a2, 17b2 ...) substantially over the entire internal diameter (Ø) of the rotor housing, between two opposite sides of the inner wall surface r (2) for all angles of rotation of the rotor (10), and characterized in that the cross section of the cylindrical rotor housing (1) is not circular with a radius (R) from the center of the rotor (10) to the surface of the interior wall (2) that increases from a base radius (R0), the base radius (R0) is one of 25 mm, 50 mm and 460 mm, with a speed (DeltaR) per degree counted from a higher point (T) at 180 degrees from the upper point (T), given by the relations for the base radius (R0) is 50 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 1/10 mm per degree, for the base radius (R0 ) is 25 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 1/20 mm per degree and for the base radius (R0) it is 460 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 80/180 mm per degree, and decreases with same speed (Delta R) continuously for the increasing arc length beyond the upper point (T), and because the blades (12a, 12b, ...) are provided with corresponding gaps (13a, 13b,. ..) arranged for a movement or mutual translation within the grooves (141, 142) of the rotor (10) and in addition an internal conduit in the grooves (141, 142) in the rotor allows the transport of fluid through the blades.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Vane pump

The invention relates to a pump for pumping most pumpable substances / media through the use of rotating vanes in a pump casing. The medium to be pumped can be in its pure state or in a mixture of more substances and more phases of aggregate, such as solid particles, liquids and gaseous matter.

Known problems related to pumps are abrasion and cavity within the pump casing, as well as loss of pump efficiency if there is an interruption in the supply of the pumped matter.

Prior art

WO90 / 14518A1 relates to a rotary machine with wings extending from a rotor. The pump casing is in the shape of half a cylinder and the rotor is eccentrically mounted with its axis off the center of the pump casing. Several wings extend from a shaft in the rotor towards the surface of the inner wall of the housing. To force movement of the wings, the wings have guide pins that fit into guide grooves in the end wall of the rotary machine.

US2443994A also covers a rotary machine, with wings with guide pins. The pump casing is circular and the rotor is mounted with its shaft outside the center of the pump casing. The wings extend from a shaft core to the inner wall surface of the pump casing. Forced wing movement results in continuous contact with the pump casing.

DE3108819A1 covers a similar rotary machine with a circular casing, wings that are less than the radius of the pump casing, forced guide grooves, or magnetism. GB262344A refers to a rotary machine comprising a pump casing of circular or oval shape and several forced wings moved by a piston or a spring arrangement such that continuous contact with the pump casing is achieved.

It is common for all of these to comprise pump vanes or wings that have an extension less than the radius of the pump casing. The pumps also consist of numerous quantities of moving components.

GB1013801A shows a rotary pump with at least two vanes with limited movement on one axis with a slot. Furthermore, the pump is provided with a rotating sleeve with openings.

US2495771A describes a rotary vane pump in the pump casing, in a round shape with four different radii. The blades are installed so that they can swing in a rotor that is eccentrically positioned. The extension of the vanes is less than the largest diameter inside the pump casing. The radius of the rotor body is identical to one of the radii in one of the sectors of the pump casing and forms a sealing zone with a fairly long contact area. Separation in such sectors as described in US2495771A can induce high noise and unwanted wear within the pump, as well as uneven flow of the pumped medium. Increasing pressure on the discharge side of the pump will lead to slight rotor movement and wear damage will occur on the diametrically opposite side of the pump casing. The rotor may slow down and heat will be generated, and in the worst case, the rotor will come to a complete stop. US2352941A and GB534510 describe a rotary vane pump in an ovalized pump casing. The vanes are arranged to swing in an eccentric installed rotor. The radius of the rotor body is in at least a sector of the pump casing identical to the radius of the pump casing and forms a sealing zone. The pump casing can have different embodiments with different non-rounded shapes, formed by two different radii, or by variable radii as in an Archimedean spiral. Within a sector of the pump casing, the radius of the rotor body is identical to the radius of the casing and therefore forms a sealing zone in the area of contact between the rotor and the inner wall surface of the housing.

The rotary pumps described in US2352941A and GB534510 are improvements to the pump described in US2495771A in such a way that the transition points between two radii are reduced which could cause noise and uneven flow of the pumped matter, but the design with contact between the rotor and the housing in a specific sector will still give the same risk as the previous one. Increasing pressure on the discharge side of the pump will cause slight rotor movement and wear damage will occur on the diametrically opposite side of the pump casing. The rotor may slow down and heat will be generated, and in the worst case, the rotor will come to a complete stop.

WO97 / 04216A1 describes a rotary machine for a motor or a pump with two blades that extend completely through the diameter of a non-circular pump casing. The internal shape of the housing is formed by two sectors with constant radius connected by two sectors with variable radius. The sector with the smallest radius has the same radius as the radius of the shaft body and forms a sealing zone.

The rotary machine described in WO97 / 04216A1 can cause unwanted noise and abrasion in the rotary machine, and uneven flow of pumped / driven matter. Pressure rise on the discharge side pump movement will cause slight rotor movement and wear damage will occur on the diametrically opposite side of the pump casing. The rotor may slow down and heat will be generated, and in the worst case, the rotor will come to a complete stop.

Document FR1383047 refers to vane type fluid motors or pumps. A fluid motor or pump of the type in question primarily comprises a casing which is in the form of a straight hollow cylinder comprising two end walls with parallel inner surfaces and one endless wall. A rotating drum having the shape of a cylinder of straight revolution is arranged in the hollow cylinder. The drum is provided with a slot through it diametrically and a paddle is slidably guided in the slot, extending axially between the end faces of the housing perpendicular thereto. The pallet has opposite edges each in contact with the guide surface along a line. A fluid inlet and outlet communicating with the interior of the hollow cylinder are respectively arranged on each side of the anterior plane of symmetry. The device further comprises an axis which coaxially extends with the rotating drum through one of the end walls of the housing, said axis rotatingly connected to the drum so that when the shaft and drum rotate, the paddle it rotates with these in reciprocity in relation to the drum to push the fluid that enters, with increasing pressure, to the outlet, the device then works like a pump, while, when the pressurized fluid is applied to the inlet of the device, it works as a shaft drive motor.

US5044910 describes a rotary vane machine having rotary cams between annular rings that can be rotated in a housing and vanes that can radially slide in a rotor, the cams rotatably drive the annular rings and prevent the vanes from coming into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing.

Brief compendium

The present invention is a pump with a rotor (10) comprising two or more vanes (12a, 12b, ...) arranged to operate with edges (17a1, 17a2, 17b1, 17b2, ...) against a flat surface of the inner wall (2) in all its axial extension in a rotor housing (1) with a lower wall (15) and a cover (16) and is furthermore arranged with an inlet (7) and an outlet (6), in where the rotor (10) is arranged on a shaft (9) positioned mainly eccentrically in relation to the surface of the inner wall (2) of the rotor housing (1), where each blade (12a, 12b,. ..) is arranged to drive each one in a corresponding diametrical groove (141, 142 ...) in the rotor (10), which each blade (12a, 12b, ...) extends from the edge of one end ( 17a1, 17b1, ...) to the edge of the opposite end (17a2, 17b2 ...) substantially across the entire inside diameter (0) of the rotor housing, between two opposite sides of the wall surface interior (2) for all the angles of rotation of the rotor (10), and where the cross section of the cylindrical rotor housing (1) is not circular with a radius (R) from the center of the rotor (10) to the surface of the interior wall (2) increasing from a base radius (R0), R0 is one of 25 mm, 50 mm and 460 mm, with a speed (DeltaR) per degree counted from an upper point (T) to 180 degrees from the upper point (T), given by the relations for the base radius (Ro) is 50 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 1/10 mm per degree, for the base radius (Ro) it is 25 mm, the speed (DeltaR ) is 1/20 mm per degree and for the base radius (Ro) is 460 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 80/180 mm per degree, and it decreases with the same speed continuously to increase the length of the arc beyond the upper point (T). The blades (12a, 12b, ...) are provided with corresponding cavities (13a, 13b, ...) arranged for mutual translational movement within the grooves (141, 142) of the rotor (10) and also a conduit Internal in the grooves (141, 142) on the rotor allow fluid transport through the vanes. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the dependent claims.

Short legend of the figures

Figure 1 shows in perspective view an outline of a pump casing according to the invention with a shaft and grooves for vanes and two vanes.

Figure 2a is a front view of a pallet with guide pins and recesses.

Figure 2b shows a palette in perspective view.

Figure 2c shows two pallets in internal coupling.

Figure 2d shows two vanes internally coupled within the grooves in the rotor.

Figure 3 is an end view of the rotor housing according to the invention, with guide tracks for the guide fins and the hole for the shaft, and a perspective view of an empty housing without any rotor, shaft or vanes.

Figure 4a is an end view of a rotor according to the invention with diametrical grooves for the blades.

Figure 4b is a side elevation view of the rotor with an axis and a diametrically arranged groove.

Figure 4c is a perspective view of the rotor with a shaft and diametrical grooves.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a cover according to the invention with guide tracks.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the invention, cut through the rotor shaft, housing and vane connected in the guide tracks. Please note that the cap is not shown.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of inlet and outlet manifolds for an embodiment of the invention. Component list

-Case

2- Interior surface wall

3- Exterior surface of the guide track

4- Inner surface of the guide track

5- Hole for rotor shaft (9)

- Outlet for the pumped medium

7- Inlet for the pumped medium

8- Guiding tracks at the bottom (15) and the cover (16) where the pallets move by force

9- Rotor shaft

10- Slotted rotor (14a, 14b ...)

1- Guide pins on the pallets

12a, 12b ... Pallets

13a, 13b ... Gaps

141, 142 ... Slots for the blades on the rotor

15- Bottom plate

6-Cap

17a1, 17a2, 17b1, 17b2 ... End edge

Embodiments of the invention

An embodiment of the invention comprises a pump with a rotor (10) comprising one or more vanes (12a, 12b, ...) arranged to operate with edges (17a1, 17a2, 17b1, 17b2, ...) against a surface flat of the inner wall (2) in its complete axial extension in a rotor housing (1) with a lower wall (15) and a cover (16) and further arranged with an inlet (7) and an outlet (6), wherein the rotor (10) is arranged on a shaft (9) positioned mainly eccentrically in relation to the surface of the inner wall (2) of the rotor housing (1), where the new and characteristic elements are that each vane (12a, 12b, ...) is arranged to drive each one in a corresponding diametrical groove (141, 142 ...) in the rotor (10), that each vane (12a, 12b, ...) is extends from the edge of one end (17a1, 17b1, ...) to the edge of the opposite end (17a2, 17b2 ...) substantially through the entire internal diameter (0) of the r housing otor, between two opposite sides of the interior wall surface (2) for all the angles of rotation of the rotor (10), and where the cross section of the cylindrical rotor housing (1) is not circular with a radius ( R) from the center of the rotor (10) to the surface of the inner wall (2), increasing from a base radius (R0) with a speed (DeltaR) per degree, according to the following table, from an upper point (T) at 180 degrees from the upper point (T), and decreases with the same speed continuously for the length of the increasing arc beyond the point (T). There may be two or more palettes. Two paddle plates on the rotor are illustrated in the figures. The pallets are preferably rigid plates.

An advantage with this rotary pump design is that the vanes, which are the pump vanes, extend over approximately the entire diameter of the pump casing, regardless of the rotary position of the vanes. For the pump according to the invention, the vanes provide the necessary sealing to prevent backflow of the pumped medium, see Figure 1. Due to the design of the pump according to the invention, one will have few moving parts, few components that can fail and low risk of wear. A large rotor diameter combined with a vane that extends over the entire diameter in the pump casing provides a large contact area between the rotor and vane, in contrast to pumps where the vane only extends from one location between the center of the rotor and the outer diameter of the rotor and to the inside surface of the pump casing as shown, for example, in WO9014518 and GB262344. The large contact area results in a reduced local compression force compared to the prior art. Due to the fact that the vanes extend over the entire diameter of the pump casing, it is possible to use the pump without forcing the movement of the vanes. Rotor diameter is smaller than the cylinder diameter of the pump casing. The difference is the length of the stroke with the addition of a necessary margin. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the rotor may be 100mm and the diameter of the cylinder will then measure 120mm. The maximum length of the stroke will then be 20 mm. The pump as a rotary machine can be used as a compressor, an extractor, a vacuum pump and a combustion engine, among other applications.

In one embodiment of the invention, the shaft bearing is a bearing shaft that forms an asymmetrical extension of the pump casing (1) and is formed as a component.

A great advantage of the pump is that it is very simple to produce and easy to assemble. The pump comprises in one embodiment mainly five components, of which three are mobile. In an embodiment of the invention with a removable end cap, maintenance will be very easy. Components exposed to wear such as pallets will be easily accessible.

In an embodiment of the invention, the rotor housing (1) is cylindrical and the two or more blades (12a, 12b, ...) are rectangular. Such an embodiment of the housing is easy to mill and makes assembly very easy. You can also imagine that the rotor housing is more or less drum-shaped and that the blades are formed to fit and fill the drum-shape of the rotor housing.

The components of the pump can be made, for example, of metal or ceramic material, depending on the interval of use.

In pump geometry

In one embodiment of the invention, the radius (R), counted from the center of the rotor (10) to the surface of the interior wall (2), from a base radius (R0) with a speed (DeltaR) per degree, according to the following table, counted from a top point (T) to 180 degrees from the top point (T), and decreased with the same speed additionally to increase the arc length back to the top point (T), so that, although the rotor shaft is out of the center of the pump housing, an entire paddle plate centered in the rotor can rotate and extend across the entire diameter of the pump casing. In this way, it will not be necessary to press the vanes out and toward the wall surfaces within the pump casing with other means to maintain pump efficiency. The cross section of the cylindrical pump housing thus formed will not have an actual mathematical center point. The casing, the cylinder, in this embodiment will be egg or heart shaped. At 0 and 180 degrees, transitions can be smoothed to avoid paddle strokes at those points.

According to the invention, the speed, Delta R, is 1/10 mm per degree and R0 is 50 mm, or R0 is 460 mm and the speed is 80/180 mm per degree, or R0 is 25 mm and the speed is 1/20 mm per degree according to the following table.

The cross section of the rotor housing does not have an actual center. The geometry of the interior walls will be defined as described for example in claim 2.

According to the invention, the blades (12a, 12b, ...) are provided with corresponding recesses (13a, 13b, ...) arranged for mutual translational movement within the recesses (141, 142) of the rotor (10) . This allows the use of more vanes that extend over the entire diameter of the pump casing and are arranged on the rotor that is outside the approximate center point of the center of the pump casing. The cylindrical pump casing does not have an actual axis of revolution, but only an approximate circular shape of the cross section. The rotor in one embodiment has a radius less than the smallest diameter of the pump casing. In such an embodiment, the rotor will not form a sealing zone with the cylindrical inner wall in the pump casing. In this embodiment, the rotor is arranged with a margin for accommodation, see Figure 1, where the vane rests against the upper point (T) on the cylinder wall and at the same time has some extension outside the rotor. An advantage of this embodiment is that the rotor can have some movement caused by the pressure generated without inflicting any wear on either the housing or the rotor.

The vanes will travel independently of each other following the inside wall of the pump casing. In an embodiment comprising two vane plates, the vanes will be identical and will be arranged 180 degrees from each other and crosswise within the grooves of the rotor.

According to the invention, an internal conduit in the grooves of the rotor allows the transport of fluid through the blades so that the blades slide easily and avoids mechanical blockage or jamming due to liquid pressure when moving the blades. This can be done by not letting the gaps squeeze each other.

In one embodiment of the invention, the blades are arranged with guide pins (11) arranged to run on guide tracks (8) on at least the bottom wall (15) or the cover (16) in the rotor housing (1 ), where the guide grooves (8) are arranged to guide the blades (12a, 12b, ...) to operate near the cylindrical surface of the inner wall (2). The guide arrangement comprising guide pins and guide grooves can be arranged as, for example, a ball bearing to reduce the risk of wear. Oil or another type of lubricant can also be used for the risk of wear. Such a force movement will guide the blades to follow the cylinder wall.

In one embodiment of the invention, inlet 7 is radially disposed. In another embodiment of the invention, the entrance (7) is arranged parallel to the axis. In one embodiment of the invention, the outlet (6) is radial. In another embodiment of the invention, the outlet (6) is parallel to the axis. The inlet and outlet can be arranged and vary according to the desired pressure conditions and the interval of use. Outside of outlet (6) and inlet (7) there will be pipe fittings or connections to a pipe manifold as required. It is important that at least one of the paddles always functions as a seal between the inlet and outlet as shown in Figure 1. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment there will be two or more paddle plates.

In one embodiment of the invention, the pump casing comprises a lid. The lid may have a hole for a guide pin at the top to ensure the correct position of the guide grooves at the bottom and the lid during assembly to properly guide the rotation of the vanes.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cap may have a hole near the center of the rotor to connect two pumps, for example, to a combustion engine or other intervals of use.

Claims (10)

1. A pump with a rotor (10) comprising two or more vanes (12a, 12b, ...) arranged to operate with edges (17a1, 17a2, 17b1, 17b2, ...) against a flat wall surface internal (2) in its complete axial extension in a rotor housing (1) with a lower wall (15) and a cover (16) and further arranged with an inlet (7) and an outlet (6), where the rotor (10) is arranged on a shaft (9) placed mainly eccentrically in relation to the surface of the mainly cylindrical inner wall (2) of the rotor housing (1), whereby each vane (12a, 12b,. ..) is arranged to drive each one in a corresponding diametrical groove (141), 142 ...) in the rotor (10), and each vane (12a, 12b, ...) extends from the edge of one end (17a1, 17b1, ...) to the edge of the opposite end (17a2, 17b2 ...) substantially over the entire internal diameter (0) of the rotor housing, between two opposite sides of the inter wall surface ior (2) for all angles of rotation of the rotor (10), and characterized in that the cross section of the cylindrical rotor housing (1) is not circular with a radius (R) from the center of the rotor (10) to the surface of the interior wall (2) that increases from a base radius (R0), the base radius (R0) is one of 25 mm, 50 mm and 460 mm, with a speed (DeltaR) per degree counted from a higher point (T) at 180 degrees from the upper point (T), given by the relations for the base radius (R0) is 50 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 1/10 mm per degree, for the base radius (R0 ) is 25 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 1/20 mm per degree and for the base radius (R0) it is 460 mm, the speed (DeltaR) is 80/180 mm per degree, and decreases with same speed (Delta R) continuously for the increasing arc length beyond the upper point (T), and because the blades (12a, 12b, ...) are provided with corresponding gaps (13a, 13b,. ..) ready for a move Mutual translation point within the grooves (141, 142) of the rotor (10) and in addition an internal conduit in the grooves (141, 142) in the rotor allows the transport of fluid through the blades. 2. The pump according to claim 1, wherein the rotor housing (1) is cylindrical and the two or more vanes (12a, 12b, ...) are rectangular. 3. The pump according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the vanes are arranged with guide pins (11) arranged to operate on guide tracks (8) on at least the bottom wall (15) or the cover (16) in the rotor housing (1), where the guide grooves (8) are arranged to guide the blades (12a, 12b, ...) to be operated near the cylindrical surface of the inner wall (2). 4. The pump according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet (7) is arranged radially. 5. The pump according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the outlet (6) is radial. 6. The pump according to one of claims 1-3 or 5, wherein the inlet (7) is axial. 7. The pump according to one of claims 1-4 or 6, wherein the outlet (6) is axial. The pump according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the radius of the rotor (10) is less than the smallest radius (R0) of the rotor casing (1). 9. The pump according to any of the preceding claims, wherein there is a margin between the rotor (10) and the surface of the inner wall (2) of the rotor housing (1). 10. The pump according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the vanes (12a, 12b, ...) form the required seal between the inlet (7) and the outlet (6).