ES2700679T3 - System of reinforced structures for intermediate and heavy loads for formwork, propping, scaffolding or similar - Google Patents

Abstract

System of armed structures for intermediate and heavy loads to form, prop, scaffold or similar, comprising metal beams of the "T" type, each beam having a length (A - F), a section height (w, and ) and a width (r), and composed of "C" shaped metal profiles, of parallel souls and folded wings (27) separated and fixed by reinforcement sleeves (29) equally spaced and mounted in the separations (20- 30) between the beams, where: - the system comprises two types of metal beams of different section, a heavy one (1) and a light one (1a), which are offset and are complementary to each other, but have different section height (w ,Y); and that respectively have different lengths (A to F); where - the heavy beams (1) and light beams (1a) have the same width (r) and are made of sheet metal; where - the light beam (1a) has through lightening (23 ') in its core of a diameter of 60 mm, arranged in a row that is centered on the longitudinal axis of the beam; and where - the two beams (1, 1a) are closed at their ends by the corresponding rectangular testa plates (24, 31), which have a section height (w, y) and a width (r) that respectively corresponds to each beam (1, 1a), which have lightening holes (26-35) coinciding with the parallel separations (20-30) of the beams' souls and their fixing holes (25 and 36); the system being characterized in that: - the heavy beams (1) have a section height (w) of 420 mm and the light beams (1a) have a section height (y) of 200mm; where - the thickness of the metal sheet of the heavy beam (1) and the light beam (1a) has a thickness of 6 mm and 5 mm respectively; where - the heavy beam (1) has through lightening (23) with a diameter of 60 mm in souls of the profiles (21-22) and arranged in two rows aligned with the longitudinal axis of the beam; transversely matched and spaced relative to said longitudinal axis; it has a plurality of fixing holes (100) of smaller diameter arranged around each through lightening (23) with an equidistance between them of 110mm both transversely and longitudinally; and where - the reinforcing sleepers (29) are held in the separations (20-30) between the beams (1, 1a), in grooves (28) cut in each of the souls; sleepers that have reliefs (28 ') fixed by welding, forming knots, around which sets of fixing holes (101) arranged in orthogonal position are presented.

Description

DESCRIPTION

ARMED STRUCTURES SYSTEM FOR INTERMEDIATE AND HEAVY LOADS

FOR MAKING, SHOOTING, SCAFFOLDING OR SIMILAR

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The system is substantially based on or supported by a set of double "T" metal beams, which will be called lightweight and heavy, of those integrated by the union of a double section profile "C" of folded wings joined by their respective souls , parallel, facing and separated reinforcement sleepers transversely welded, spaced apart and equidistant from each other.

Beams that in combination with a series of accessories fulfill diverse functions of structuring, reinforcing, shoring, scaffolding and for other purposes in construction processes or works of all kinds, public or private, giving simple solutions for the most diverse and complicated cases of structured; consisting of metal beams made of galvanized sheet or treated against oxidation due to its more extensive weathering function; beams which must preferably have great resistance to stresses in any working direction and to the large loads that must be supported, in this case, medium and heavy type, and preferably, the lighter and less heavy, in themselves, more recommendable may result.

The said beams are doubly lightened in the soul of each side and in cross-coincidence with their separations between souls. In short, it is the same inverted profile, faced by their souls and joined by reinforcement sleepers welded, 25 of special profile and arranged with an equidistance proportional to the length of the beam.

An arrangement of large diameter holes for lightening the weight of the beam and for some specific applications, combined with a set of holes of small diameter that are used for minor lightening, for braced, joining, anchoring and securing each other and for its complementary elements to the different functions of the beam.

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According to the invention, of the calculation of the dimensions, of the section of the sheets; of the arrangement and diameter of the lightening holes and of the mounting holes, a series of advantages will depend on both weight, material expense and beam utilization, which constitute a novelty in structural systems of this type. up to 35 the date are used or known as more current and relevant.

STATE OF THE ART

In reference to the state of the art we can highlight at least two systems in relation to this type of beams for the formation of armed structures, one corresponding to the British firm SGB FORMWORK, known as "Mk II Soldier System" and another of the firm RMD IBERICA, SA, known as "Super Slim" or "Slimshor

Both are constituted by beams in double "T" formed by two "C" profiles of folded wings, joined by their respective souls by reinforcement sleepers.

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The first ones have rhombic openings with rounded vertices in their souls with a very short equidistance and wide light that have nerves interspersed in the form of a blade, which are nerves parallel to the sides of each draft and that in the center of these present one or two drills , depending on the section, in this case aligned according to the vertical axis.

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The second ones have aligned openings of circular form, of something less of light in relation to the section that is approximately of 40% and counting with circumscribed drills arranged in orthogonal formation with respect to the central draft. The soul has reinforcements in the area affected by the draft and by the drills. This arrangement of holes is made on the first two extreme drafts and in the rest sauteed every three drafts.

The section of the beams, both in the first case and in the second, is invariable.

In both cases, connectors are used which, as a whole, consist of eight connection paths, a circumstance that makes it unfeasible to bend the horizontal axis of the structure, which, logically, has certain resistance conditions.

But mainly the invention is based on the Spanish patent ES2244253 A1 of the same applicant and inventor D. Julio Barba Castro which refers to: "SYSTEM OF 30 LIGHTWEIGHT ARMED STRUCTURES FOR MAKING, STRIKING, SCAFFOLDING OR SIMILAR" which is anticipated from 19/06 / 2002, prior to said D1 and in which substantially the light beam of the beam set of the present invention is substantially the same as this one with advantageous changes of location, location and measurements of the different elements of this and of the development of a beam related, heavy or 35 to support large loads, which is in itself reinforced with equal ones joined together, which has the same basic structure and above all the equivalent means for unions or junctions in the assembly of the structures, among themselves and between each other in different combinations, for the purposes set forth in the title of these patents.

EP1566504A1 discloses a structural system according to what is described in the preamble of claim 1.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention seeks to rationalize and take advantage of the working moments of said beams to adapt them so that, combined with each other, it is not necessary to use beams of a dimension exceeded in relation to the average, high and very high stresses and loads that must be supported. in this case, therefore, two beams of different sections and wings have been provided but directly complementary to be combined or joined using practically ambivalent means and pieces; very specific and lightened beams 15 that according to the developed calculation effectively fulfill the work mission that must be performed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The new development offered by the beams of the invention, in its two versions, are defined by a series of lightening arranged with the same strategy as in the aforementioned previous patent, by the same inventor, for the coupling of a group of additional complements that the they become the only known beam that, with smaller dimensions and thicknesses than existing ones, better defines its resistant capacities by understanding its 25 lightening as merely functional and not primarily aesthetic or commercial.

The object of the present invention is the definition of a structural system according to what is described in claim 1.

Since the metallic beams are prefabricated, the object of the invention is to allow them to be used in any sector that needs structural solutions of the type included in the title of the invention, however complex they may be, without necessarily having to manufacture said structures for exclusive use. in that job. As is known, they are especially designed to assemble formwork boards, to form scaffolding structures, for shoring armatures or other such as shoring, buttresses and the like in which, additionally, reinforcement means are established such as simple struts for separations between low-light beams or combined with jacks having tensioning organs for reinforcing entrevigas having very light separations.

The light and heavy beams according to the invention share the same lightnesses of equal measure (60 mm) implanted in the souls of each of them, unique and centered in the first case and axially aligned in the second, in a number of three recommended in relation to the width of it. As it has been said, and in terms of thicknesses, the difference is minimal, being its application in load functions of very different effort and that in complementary order they act as a very versatile and resistant belt that, when sharing the same distances between axes in the plates at the beginning and end of the beam that have the souls and wings or side soles, both beams, can be combined perfectly and exchange accessories that in this case become common to the two beams .

It has therefore been treated with the two versions of beams of the invention, a direct relationship between structure and installer, therefore, the heavy beam or larger section and the light beam or smaller section and the entire set of elements additional, can be assembled by hand with maximum safety, creating even from the assembly procedures of a series of auxiliary elements that guarantee the safety of the installer in any structure to be executed or assembled.

The invention consists of the development of two hollow double "T" beams, composed of "C" profiles of 5 and 6 mm thickness respectively, of wings folded like soles and flat webs separated by corresponding reinforcement sleepers. transverse spaced, equidistant and in two versions of different width, with a ratio of 47.62% smaller the smallest, which we will call lightweight, and the longest beam, which we will call heavy. Both beams are equal in height, that is to say, coinciding with the own measurements that are given between the wings or soles, so that the additional plates of closing to end, beginning and end of the beams have different sizes and formats, but equal 30 distribution and complementary measures in the lightening and anchoring holes or fixation, making possible its connection or union, between each other and between them, even if they are the same or different in span or configuration.

Likewise, both beams, light and heavy, have the same developments and equivalent distribution and measures of their means of lightening their complementary and anchoring means and rigorously identical in the fixing holes, even in the arrangement orthogonal around the knots of the reinforcement sleepers. That is to say, the lightening, are equal vertical vertical openings of 60 mm in diameter in the webs of one and another beam, but varying in number, and the anchorage fixing holes are preferably equal to 18 mm in diameter lightening passages and the anchoring of the closing plates 5 are also equal in one beam and another, 50 mm in diameter, and the fixing ones are preferably 20mm for the heavy beam and 18mm for the light beam, the distribution of the former being formed by pairs equidistant between centers, at an equal distance of 110 mm, and interspersing sets of pairs variable in number depending on the length of the beam, carrying a set of four fixing holes, circumscribed, distributed in 10 orthogonal position with respect to the lightening in both beams, of the ties of the sleepers and of the lightening of the closing plates to the end that also have an equidistant spacing between centers, as has been said, equal to 110 mm in both cases and define, around lightening, a regular square perimeter.

The aforementioned bead closing plates of the beams according to the invention have a rectangular shape adapted to the section of the heavy and light beams respectively. Each one in its respective proportions but of equal section in both cases and have preferred thicknesses of 18 mm for the heavy beam plate and 15 mm for the light beam plate, the same distribution being that of the lightening holes and drills of fixation, 20 one equicentro, the one of greater diameter and the other four, of smaller diameter, circumscribed orthogonally with respect to this, with equal distance between centers (110 mm), with the particularity that the plate of the heavy beam has preferably three lightening holes axially and horizontally aligned and the plate of the light beam preferably has one in the center.

25

Said beams, heavy and light, are established according to the invention in different lengths, preferably five lengths included: four of them between 2500mm and 500mm decreasing from 500 in 500mm; a fifth that is half of the latter (250 mm) and a last sixth that is 44% of the previous one, which is a piece to compensate measures 30 when we alternate double connectors with simple connectors in the same structure to have the same length than the axle spacing of the fixing holes (110 mm).

The aforementioned known connectors are essential elements for the execution of any structure, they are defined by plates in hexahedral arrangement in the simple case, with so many connection paths for the beams and for the plates in disposition parallelepiped of double connectors, for a greater number of connection routes for the beams, forming two joined bodies equivalent to two simple connectors, in which the plates of closing to testa contain the same lightening of greater diameter and fixation of smaller diameter in equal disposition and equidistance that in the case referred in the 5 antecedent of the patent of the own applicant.

These connectors, according to the invention, for a better rationalization of the assembly operations and to guarantee a greater resistance, have incorporated, on the inside, on the smaller diameter lightening, respective fixing nuts of the different joining members of the corresponding beams. Nuts that allow direct threading of the union members by rotating them in one direction or another, depending on their position, to ensure tightening.

The invention also comprises adjustable jacks, with a typical function of shoring 15 of the structure of the beams, composed of corresponding spindle mounted on a support formed by a threaded cylinder supported on a rectangular plate with holes for fixing and triangular buttresses of reinforcement of the cylinder and one end with anchorage for braced to the beams. Anchoring that, by means of a corresponding pin, threaded and complementary lateral means is mounted on the larger diameter lightening of the 20 beams. Thus a screw threaded to the left at one end and threaded right at the other end, allow the beam to be installed by opening or closing the diagonal simply by turning said beam. Likewise, another complementary means with a typical function of bracing the structure of the beams is used to fix a rod to the beam that fits against the inner diameter of two lighter, larger, parallel diameters, and is fastened by means of respective nuts. above and below the wedge.

In the invention, as specified above, this jack is completed with a diagonal reinforcement for the rod and a diagonal reinforcement for the jack. The first is a piece in the form of a semi-cylindrical half-round with a perpendicular drill and milled laterals in its 30 perimeters and the other is a discoidal piece with a concentric central drawing and a circular hole equally concentric to the drawing. The first is arranged between two parallel lightening of greater diameter with the milling grooves locked against their edges and held by means of nuts, one above and one below the wedge. The second one is mounted on said lifts one on each side serving as fastening to the pin and nuts passing through the anchor of the jack.

A broader idea of the characteristics of the invention will be made below, when referring to the sheets of the drawings that are attached here, where the preferred details of the invention are represented in a somewhat schematic manner and only by way of example. .

5

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevational view of the side and floor of the heavy beam in its versions of length A- to -F all inclusive.

10

Figure 1A is a longitudinal foreshortening perspective seen in profile of the beam of Figure 1.

Figure 1B is a perspective in longitudinal foreshortened view of the beam of the figure.

Figure 2, are views equal to the previous of the light beam also in their versions of length A-F, all inclusive.

Figure 2A is a longitudinal foreshortening perspective seen in profile of the beam of Figure 2.

Figure 2B is a perspective in longitudinal foreshortened view of the beam of Figure 2.

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Figure 3 is a plan view of the end plate of the heavy beam of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heavy beam of Figure 1 closed end by end plate.

Figure 5 is a view analogous to the previous one of the heavy beam of Figure 1, without end plate to end, and reinforcement cross member.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the web of a heavy beam belt of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a plan view of detail A 'of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the reinforcing cross member of either of both beams.

Figure 9 is a plan view of the end closure plate of the light beam of Figure 2.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the light beam of Figure 2 with the closure plate.

Figure 11 is a view analogous to the previous one of the light beam of Figure 2, without end plate, and with reinforcement sleeper.

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PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

A preferred embodiment of the invention is interpreted in accordance with the representations of said drawings and with the alphanumeric references that are given therein.

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Thus, in general, the heavy beam is marked with (1) and the light beam with (1a) which in their respective souls consists of large diameter through-lifts to 60mm (23 -23 '), in two rows, paired and facing vertically in the heavy beam (1), and in a single row and centered (34 - 34 '), also faced vertically of 60mm in the 25 light beam (1a). Each one is surrounded by smaller holes (10) of 18 mm of 0 in both beams, in a preferred orthogonal arrangement with an equidistant distance and in both axes of coordinates, at a preferred distance (x) (Fig.7) of 110mm between axes , as aligned with the longitudinal axis, in the same orthogonal arrangement the welding knots of the transverse reinforcement sleepers (29) housed in the spaces (20) and 30 (30) of each beam and engaging in the sockets (28 ) (Figs. 7 and 8), of the soul of both beams, also consist of fixing holes (10) at a distance (x) between axes, also of 110mm, the thicknesses of the sheet metal of the beams (1) being 6 mm and the sheet of the beams (1a) of 5mm.

35 It should also be noted that the distance between the axes of the fixing holes (10), both in one beam and in another is (x) in all cases and that the distance at the end of the beams (1) and (1a) and the axis of the lightening (23 - 23 '), (34-34'), is proportionally variable in all cases but equal in both beams (1), (1a), being for their respective dimensions "A - F

5 A = long (a) 2500.0 mm

B = long (b) 1500.0 mm

C = long (c) 1000.0 mm

D = long (d) 500.0 mm

E = length (e) 250.0 mm

10 F = long (f) 110.0 mm; which is the distance (x) between axes of the fixing holes.

A to F = section height (w) 420.0 mm

A to F = width (r) 162.0 mm

Said heavy (1) and light (1a) girders of spaced-apart, parallel (2) and 15 (3) slabs respectively, delimit a space (20) for the first and (30) for the second of equal opening to 50 mm; which are formed by respective profiles in "C" (21-22) and (32 33), faced by their souls and with folded wings (27) towards their interior. Wings (27) also provided with corresponding fixing holes (100), with the same 0 of 18 mm and at the same distance (x) at 110 mm between axes.

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In the openings or separations (20-30) of the beams (1) and (1a), the reinforcement sleepers (29) are mounted by holding in three grooves (28), cut in each of the webs with 49 mm long , with spaces of 77 mm, by enhancements (28 ') of 48 mm in length, spaced transverse direction at distances of 78 mm, in which the highlights 25 (28') are fixed by means of welding, forming knots, environment to which sets of fixing holes (101) are presented in the same orthogonal arrangement and spacing (x) as the previous ones to 110 mm between axes and which, according to the length of the beams (1- 1a), are distributed from the following form (representation in Fig.1a):

30 Length (a) = Divided by four transverse reinforcements (29) with equidistant spaces (h) between them; space (g) between these and the ends, and a central space (i).

Length (b) = Divided by two transverse reinforcements (29), with spaces 35 equidistant between these and the ends (k) and a central space (l).

Length (c) = Divided by a transversal reinforcement (29) leaving equidistant spaces (m) to one side and another of this.

The spaces according to the lengths of each beam correspond to the following 5 measures:

g) = 540.5 mm

h) = 423.0 mm

i) = 573.0 mm

k) = 502.0 mm

10 l) = 496.0 mm

m) = 500.0 mm

The beams (1) and (1a) are closed at their ends by the corresponding end plates (24) and (31) respectively, figures 3 and 4 and figures 9 and 10 also respectively.

These axially aligned central lightening plates (26) and the plate (31) have a central lightening (35) equal to the previous ones, all of larger diameter, at 50 mm and in the contour of these fixing holes others. of smaller diameter (25-36), respectively, in the same orthogonal distribution than in the webs of the profiles (21 22) and (32-33) of the beams (1) and (1a) in such a way that the distance ( x) between centers of the 20 holes (25-36) is the same in the two plates (24) and (31) and that, 0 of the holes (25) in the plate (24) is 20 mm and the holes (36) in the plates (31) is 18mm.

That the vertical section is equal in both plates (24 and 31) equivalent to the thickness (r) of the beams (1) and width of the beams (1a). The horizontal section of said beams (1) and 25 (1a) therefore varies so that the latter is (y) 47.62% (200 mm), of the first, that is, the first beam (1) has twice the length 20 mm (w) (420 mm). The thickness of the plate (24), of greater length is 18 mm and the thickness of the plate (31), shorter, is 15 mm.

Claims (5)

1.- System of reinforced structures for intermediate and heavy loads for formwork, propping, scaffolding or similar, comprising metal beams of the "T" type, each 5 beam having a length (A - F), a section height (w, y) and a width (r), and composed of metal profiles facing in a "C" shape, of parallel souls and folded wings (27) separated and fixed by reinforcing sleepers (29) equidistantly spaced and mounted on the separations (20-30) between the beams, where: - the system comprises two types of metal beams of different section, one heavy (1) 10 and one light (1a), which are compensated and complementary to each other, but have a different height section (w, y); and having respectively different lengths (A to F); where - the heavy beams (1) and light beams (1a) have the same width (r) and are made of sheet metal; where 15 - the light beam (1a) has through-holes (23 ') in its core of a diameter of 60 mm, arranged in a row that is centered on the longitudinal axis of the beam; and where - the two beams (1, 1a) are closed at their ends by the corresponding end plates (24, 31) of rectangular shape, having a section height (w, y) and a width (r) which respectively corresponds to each beam (1, 1a), which have holes of 20 lightening (26-35) coinciding with the parallel spacings (20-30) of the beams of the beams and their fixing holes (25 and 36); the system being characterized in that: - the heavy beams (1) have a section height (w) of 420 mm and the light beams (1a) have a section height (y) of 200mm; where 25 - the thickness of the metal sheet of the heavy beam (1) and of the light beam (1a) has a thickness of 6 mm and 5 mm respectively; where - the heavy beam (1) has through-lifts (23) with a diameter of 60 mm in the webs of the profiles (21-22) and arranged in two rows aligned with the longitudinal axis of the beam; transversely paired and spaced relative to said longitudinal axis; 30 has a plurality of fixing holes (100) of smaller diameter arranged around each through lightening (23) with an equidistance between them of 110mm both transverse and longitudinally; and where - the reinforcement sleepers (29) are fastened in the separations (20-30) between the beams (1, 1a), in grooves (28) cut in each of the webs; sleepers having 35 raised parts (28 ') fixed by welding, forming knots, around which sets of fixing holes (101) arranged in an orthogonal position are presented. 2. - System of reinforced structures for intermediate loads and heavy for formwork, propping, scaffolding or similar, according to claim 1, where the grooves (28) in the heavy beams (1) are characterized by being three and are located longitudinally of 5 equidistant form and are transversely aligned. 3. - System of reinforced structures for intermediate loads and heavy for formwork, propping, scaffolding or similar, according to claim 2, wherein said grooves (28) are characterized by having a length of 49 mm and are equidistantly arranged about 10 the others at 77 mm. 4. - System of reinforced structures for intermediate and heavy loads for formwork, propping, scaffolding or similar, according to claim 1, wherein the fixing holes (100) of the folded wings (27) of the beams (1, 1a) are they characterize because they are located at a wheelbase of 110mm. 5. - System of reinforced structures for intermediate loads and heavy for formwork, propping, scaffolding or similar, according to claim 1, where the fixing holes (101) that surround the welded knots are characterized by that they are located at a distance between axes 20 of 110mm. 25 30