ES2691796T3 - Luminaires with asymmetric light radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

Optical lens plates preferably for luminaires with asymmetric light radiation, which as a light source have printed circuit boards (1) with SMD LEDs (2), with a lens plate (9) made of transparent material, preferably plastic , located immediately in front, in which an optical lens system to deflect light is integrated in front of each LED, where the optics (10) rests all around the LED (2) with its rear face on the printed circuit board (1) and has a hollow chamber that is divided by a lens rib (4) located to one side of the LED (2) in a main cavity (5) to house the LED (2) and in a secondary cavity (6) adjacent and where on the outer face there is formed a convex lens dome (7) on which a light guide rib (8) is preferably molded, characterized in that the part (11a) of the LED light (11) entering through the free-form surface (5a) of the cav The main unit (5) is completely deflected on the convex lens vault (7) and enters the environment through it, and because the other part (11b) of the light (11) enters through the converging lens (4a) of the lateral lens rib (4) and exits through the opposite surface (4b), is focused entirely on the lens surface (6a) of the secondary cavity (6), from there it falls on the reflecting surface (8b) of the light guide rib (8) and is essentially reflected entirely thereon and exits the environment by passing through the front lens surface (8a) of the light guide rib (8).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Luminaires with asymmetrical light radiation

The invention relates to an optics of lens plates for LED luminaires with asymmetrical distribution of light, according to the preamble of claim 1 and WO 2013 / 152199A1.

This paper shows a deviation of the light irradiated downwards by means of an optically active rib which is inside the optics and deflects the light that falls on it by means of a total reflection in a more favorable angular zone. The marginal geometrical conditions, especially an outer surface of lenses used together, certainly make it possible to make use of only a small part of the light radiated downwards, because many light rays are outside the total reflection angle or this surface does not exist at all, or they are diverted to irrelevant areas and in this way many desired distributions of light can not be effectively served.

Large light deviations require an optics of several lenses or a total reflection to deflect light. The document CN 10347 1033A describes based on figure 25, the passage of the rays of an optics of this type which with a totally reflecting surface reflects the rear light on the side of the rolling track. But it is also represented that in spite of this light is lost behind. Also document 2014 / 0085905A1 (Broughton) shows a similar way of operation, in figure 28 the loss of light can be recognized backwards.

The mission of the invention is to design an appropriate optics, which shifts all the part of the LED light against the post and the wall of the house (the back) and therefore lost and annoying so much so that this light is completely useful for the distribution of desired light and also allows a simple and economical manufacture on transparent plastic, in multiple arrangement in a lens plate,

In general it can be said: The LEDs, abbreviated LED's, have been used in the lighting technique as efficient sources of light. They present constructive forms and different qualities of light, but in their properties of luminous technique they differ relatively little from each other. Most of the LEDs are the so-called Cosinus reflector because they represent an optimum in light power and efficiency with very small manufacturing costs and very small construction sizes. The luminous power by LED is different according to the interior construction and the size of the semiconductors, in spite of this the LED's differ very little externally. For this reason optics can be developed that in their essential parameters are suitable for types of LED's that are in the market or that can be easily adapted. However, depending on the mission of the illumination plan to the opticians, they are faced with strongly different demands regarding the distribution of light that they have to produce.

Aqrn will only refer to an optics that finds application in street lighting. These luminaires are located mainly on the edge of the streets, in the area of access between the treads on straight poles without arms, also without being able to wait for annoying influences in the traffic. However, this causes an oblique light radiation to be able to illuminate also the opposite side of the street or a wider street. In addition, there are demands on glare and light pollution, which is why today we no longer want a simple inclination of the lamps for a wider lighting. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid a light that radiates backwards, in the direction of the post or towards the wall of the house or it must be disconnected so as not to disturb those who are nearby. The sum of these requirements requires lighting systems whose light output surface is horizontal, the light having to radiate essentially inclined away from the pole.

For a lamp such as this one offers a light source in the form of a flat, horizontal printed circuit board, on which the LEDs are located in more or less regular separations from one another and radiating their light downwards. The light is distributed as desired through lenses located in front of the LED's which are integrated in a common plate of transparent material called a lens plate that at the same time also protects against humidity and inclement weather. The technical requirement is now to develop an optics for these LEDs which gather all the light radiation in a hemispherical form of the LED and direct it precisely in the distribution of light that is needed. The better this is achieved, the more efficient the lighting is and the cheaper the cost of energy consumption. In addition, such an optics must be so easy to manufacture that it can be manufactured in dozens or even hundreds of places on a common lens plate of this type by the injection method, of a transparent plastic, such as plexiglas or polycarbonate, in where only attention should be paid to a wall thickness as uniform as possible with only small accumulations of material in the optics and a simple demoulding. The opticians known to date only meet these requirements insufficiently. A simple lens geometry is not able to deflect light as much as desired. Therefore we are suffering a relatively large loss of energy.

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The Chinese documents CN 102102851 A, CN 201764411 U and CN 101699148 A show such optics that above all distribute the light in the longitudinal direction of the street, the oblique radiation is generated by a hollow space for the LED correspondingly inclined, but where for a sufficiently oblique illumination the illumination itself must be further inclined as approximately presented in the document CN 102102851 A, which in Europe is not desired due to the glare and the fouling of the light.

Other manufacturers work with partially complicated individual optics that are formed by LEDs and that by turns and mixtures can modify the light distribution of a lamp.

In order to be able to deflect light, large deviations of light require an optics formed by several lenses or a total reflection. The document CN already mentioned describes in figure 25 the path of the rays of an optics of this type, which with a total reflective surface reflects on the path of rolling the light that goes backwards. But it is also represented that in spite of this light is lost backwards.

The mission of the invention consists in designing an adequate optics in such a way that all the part of the LED light directed towards the post or the walls of the house so far lost and therefore annoying, is diverted so much that this complete light is useful for the desired light distribution and also, in a simple arrangement in a lens plate, allow a simple and economical manufacture with a transparent plastic. This will be solved by the features set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The invention will now be finished on the basis of the drawings. It shows:

Figure 1, the optics according to the invention cut in plan, from top and side with all the rays in the form of a representation of wire,

Figure 2, the optics according to the invention from the front and from the back in an axiometric view,

Figure 3, the distribution of simulated light in two usual graphical representations, and

Figure 4, a section through a lens plate according to the invention, with printed circuit board and

details of mold plates of the injection tool.

Figure 1 shows the principle assembly of an optical 10. On a printed circuit board sits a SMD 2 LED usual on the market whose semiconductor 3 represents the light source itself. In high power LED's, an LED lens is placed on it as protection. Medium power LEDs have a recess in which the semiconductor is located and is protected by cast iron. Regardless of this, a light radiation is generated in a hemispherical manner with decreasing intensity towards zero towards the outside, generally known as the Lambert or Cosinus distribution.

The LED is surrounded by a hollow camera of the optics, which through a lens rib 4 is divided into a main cavity 5 that houses the LED 2, and a secondary cavity 6. On the side of the main cavity 5 the nerve of lens 4 has an optical surface that acts as a converging lens 4a convex which is one side of the secondary cavity 6, here a flat surface 4b, but could also be curved as desired. The main cavity 5 is bounded on one side by the converging lens 4a, on the other side by a free-form curved free-form surface 5a which cooperates especially by partial dispersion and concentration of the light to the formation of the light distribution desired. The next surface 5b has no optical mission, it only closes the main cavity 5 towards the printed circuit board 1.The secondary cavity 6 is formed on one side by the surface 4b of the lens rib, on the other hand by a lens surface 6a concave that acts at least scattering light. The surface 6b bordering on it has no optical importance, it only closes the secondary cavity 6 towards the printed circuit board 1.

The outer face of the optics 10 is formed by a lens vault 7 with changing curvature which essentially extends over the hollow optical chamber. Directly attached to it is a rib 8 for light deflection which mainly appears curved which most of the time is introduced a little into the lens vault 7, but could also be completely separated from it. It extends over the secondary cavity 6 and protrudes clearly from it. The rib 8 for light deflection is formed by a convex lens surface 8a on the side of the lens vault 7 and by a reflection surface 8b of free form responsible mainly for the total reflection, on the other side.

The optics 10 limits on all sides with a lens plate 9 with generally constant thickness, in which it is integrated.

The semiconductor 3 of the LED 2 radiates light 11 in a hemispherical shape which falls either on the free-form surface 5a or on the converging lens 4a of the lens rib 4. The light 11a falling on the free-form surface 5a is deflected by complete to the lens vault 7 from where it radiates to the environment. Its intensity and direction will be determined by the joint play of the free-form surface 5a and the lens-vault 7.

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The light 11b falling on the converging lens 4a of the lens rib 4 exits through the surface 4b outside the lens rib, where it was first gathered vertically and oriented horizontally so that it strikes all of it against the lens surface 6a concave From there it is deflected and dispersed so that at the next encounter with the reflection surface 8a it is fully reflected and exits the lens surface 7a of the light deflection rib. In this way the light 11b suffers for the most part a deviation of more than about 90 ° to about 180 °, wherein additionally the four reflection surfaces 4a, 4b, 6a, 8a and the reflection surface 8b are responsible for a result favorable distribution.

As you can see, each ray of light is profitably driven through the optics and diverted to the desired zone of distribution. In the direction of the post or the facade of the house there is practically no light radiating, which together also provides a very effective solution. It is public that the exact symptom of each other, of both light loops and the distributions of light thus generated, the possibilities of directing the light inside this optics and the design variables of the free-form surfaces can only be determined through the path of simulation. It is also known that an optics according to the invention can generate strongly different light distributions when some geometries are modified only a bit while maintaining the principles of operation.

Figure 2 shows the optics previously presented in visible representation, to the right from the front or from the outside, to the left from behind or from the side of the printed circuit board.

Figure 3 shows, in two usual representations, the distribution of light obtained by simulation according to the light technique of the represented optical geometries. The graph above is a typical polar representation in section through the cone of light along and across the street, the lower representation shows the entire distribution of light in an isocandela diagram.

Figure 4 shows a cut through a lens plate 9 with optics 10 according to the invention. The smallest possible distance between two neighboring optics is determined by the mutual shadow, which can be determined in the safest way by simulation. It depends on the distribution of light, the exact path of the rays and the position of the neighboring optics. For this, both optics must be tested in opposite shades. The light-emitting rays 11c determine a minimum separation of the optics in the direction shown.

For the rest it can be recognized that the above-represented optics does not present any intersection and both the outer shape 12a and also the inner shape can be molded without any problem. With this, the tool costs remain very low. The differences in wall thickness are also kept within limits, so that the outer surfaces of the lenses can also be molded very accurately, even in large lens plates.

In general, all optics present the same orientation on a lens plate. However, there are logical applications with different orientation, when a symmetrical light distribution obtainable by placing the optics in front of each other is needed. Likewise, with a circular arrangement of the optics, a symmetrical light distribution can be obtained for the rotation, approximately for the illumination of squares.

In a design of the invention, different optics can be provided in a lens plate to approximately obtain a distribution of light by mixing existing optical geometries.

Modifying the position of the LED in the optics also changes the distribution of light. With this, adaptations to different street widths or to different post relationships are possible, without having to modify the optical geometry of the lens plate and thus without having to modify the casting tool.

According to the invention, several LEDs can be placed, especially geometrically minimized LED-LEDs, or LEDs with several semiconductors or printed circuit boards with COB (Clip-on Board) realization. With this, the light output will be greater, however, the light distribution will be less penetrating. In many applications it is obtained with this, better econoirna with an acceptable quality of illumination.

Claims (11)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 1. Lens plate optics preferably for luminaires with asymmetrical light radiation, which as a light source have printed circuit boards (1) with SMD LEDs (2), with a lens plate (9) of transparent material, preferably plastic, located immediately in front, in which in front of each LED is integrated an optical lens system to divert light, where the optics (10) rests all around the LED (2) with its rear face on the plate printed circuit (1) and presents a hollow chamber that is divided by a lens rib (4) located on one side of the LED (2) in a main cavity (5) to accommodate the LED (2) and in a secondary cavity (2). 6) adjacent and where on the outer face there is formed a convex lens vault (7) on which there is preferably molded a light rib (8) of the light, characterized in that the part (11a) of the LED light ( 11) that enters through the free-form surface (5a) of the main cavity ipal (5) is deviated in its entirety on the convex lens vault (7) and leaves the environment through it, and because the other part (11b) of the light (11) enters through the converging lens ( 4a) of the lateral lens rib (4) and exits through the surface (4b) located opposite, is focused in its entirety on the lens surface (6a) of the secondary cavity (6), from there it falls on the surface Reflective (8b) of the light rib (8) and is reflected essentially in its entirety on it and leaves the environment through the front lens surface (8a) of the light rib (8). 2. Optics of lens plates according to claim 1, characterized in that the light (11) of the LED (2) divided and irradiated to the environment through two optical lens systems (10) tuned to one another, generates in joint action the prescribed light distribution. 3. Optics of lens plates according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lens rib (4) is formed by two lens surfaces (4a, 4b) which limit one another, at least partially. 4. Optics of lens plates according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that to accommodate the LED (2) the main cavity (5) is formed by two surfaces of lenses (4a, 5a) limttrofes with each other. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the secondary cavity (6) is formed by two lens surfaces (4b, 6a) bordering one another. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the front lens surface (8a) of the light guide rib (8) faces the lens vault (7) and its Reflection surface (8b) posterior limit one another forming an acute angle. 7. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that optical elements (10) according to the invention are arranged in regular or irregular arrangement inside the lens plate (9) and the same or different orientation. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that optics (10) according to the invention are mixed with other optics in a regular arrangement or in the interior of the lens plate (9). irregular. 9. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that several LEDs (2) are located under an optics according to the invention. 10. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the printed circuit board (1) or its LEDs (2) can adopt different positions with respect to the lens plate (9) and thereby You can modify the characteristics of the light distribution. Optics of lens plates according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that for the manufacture of the printed circuit board (9) with favorable costs, in an injection tool the inclinations of all the exterior surfaces do not they can form any intersection that prevents an immediate demolding.