ES2671022T3 - Device for crushing metal shavings - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (10) for grinding metal shavings (12) - with at least one blade shaft (20) rotatably housed, in which at least two cutting modules (34) are detachably attached, the cutting modules being (34) placed individually and respectively on the blade axis (20) and detachably attached so that, seen in the direction of rotation (26) of the blade shaft (20), there are at least two modules of respective cutting (34), - with a motor drive for the rotation of the blade axis (20), - with at least one fixed blade bar (40) cooperating with the cutting modules (34) of the of the blade shafts (20), - with at least one endless conveyor (50) for metal shavings (12), the metal shavings (12) being transported by the endless conveyor (50) being able to be detached by scratching the conveyor without end (50) by means of the cutting modules (34) attached to the blade axis (20), character It is driven by the fact that the endless conveyor (50) can be driven by the motor drive of the blade shaft (20).

Description

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

DESCRIPTION

Device for crushing metal shavings TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a device for crushing metal chips. When lathes are used, large amounts of metal chips are usually produced, for example steel chips. These metal shavings are removed from the lathe by an endless conveyor and are transported to a container. The volume of metal chips can be clearly reduced by a device for crushing metal chips, so that these containers have to be emptied less frequently.

CURRENT STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

[0002] In particular in the metalworking industry, very long spiral metal shavings with live edges are often produced, which require a lot of space. If these chips become entangled with each other, chip clews are formed that may require even more space. Metal shavings are a recyclable raw material that is collected in recycling containers. Normally, the available volume of the container has already been occupied long before reaching the carrying capacity of the container in terms of weight. Therefore, it is advantageous to obtain chips as small as possible to reduce the volume occupied by them and thus be able to accommodate the largest possible mass of chips in a container.

[0003] Normally, chips have very sharp edges, so they cannot be compressed with bare hands to create more space in the container. The risk of injury to workers would be too great. For this purpose, devices for crushing metal chips having one or more rotating shafts that are respectively equipped with cutting blades are known. For example, a corresponding device is known from DE 44 06 675 A1. A number of discoidal cutting blades slide in a row on the rotating blade axis, which are fixed on the axis of knives skewered in this order.

[0004] The individual cutting teeth of the cutting blades can be dull or broken during service, which necessitates a replacement of the cutting blades. In this case, it is usually necessary to disassemble the blade shaft from the housing with all the cutting blades, in order to be able to remove the outer cutting blades from the blade shaft until it reaches the cutting blade that is to be replaced. After replacing the defective cutting blade with a new cutting blade, the removed operative cutting blades must be reattached to the blade shaft, and then it must be reassembled into the housing. A repair process of this type implies a great expense of work and time and, therefore, is economically unfavorable. In addition, during the repair process it is not possible to crush the chips, which may also result in a production stop of the lathes.

[0005] For this reason, devices for shredding metal shavings are known, in which the rotating blade shafts are respectively equipped with several cutting blade modules that can be placed individually on the blade shafts and which are detachably fixed in the blade axis such that, seen in the direction of rotation of the blade axis, there are at least two respective cutting modules. For example, corresponding devices are already known from DE 94 18 544 U1 or DE 20 2009 017 062 U1.

[0006] These devices consist of independent devices, which are often not located directly next to the lathe. As long as there is no endless conveyor from the lathe to the device for crushing metal chips, the chips must be transported manually to the device and there they must be supplied to the device, often also manually. In this case there is also the possibility of injury from shavings with sharp edges.

[0007] In addition, a tangle of the metal chips can be produced in the endless conveyor, especially in the case of very long chips. This can lead to the chips no longer falling from the endless conveyor to the device for crushing metal chips, but rather they get caught in the endless conveyor and are transported again by it back to the lathe. As a result, a jam of the endless conveyor and / or the lathe can occur, which can result in a production stop. In this case, before the winch and the endless conveyor can work again, it is necessary to open the endless conveyor and / or the winch and remove the dragged chips. Maintenance work of this type takes a lot of time and therefore is economically disadvantageous. In addition, as a general rule, the removal of metal chips must be carried out manually, which implies a high risk of injury from chips with sharp edges.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] From this current state of the art previously known, the invention aims to indicate an improved device for crushing metal chips that allows operation with the least possible maintenance.

[0009] The device according to the invention for grinding metal chips has the characteristics indicated in the main claim 1. The other claims following the main claim are intended to improve the invention.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

[0010] The device according to the invention for grinding metal chips has at least one rotating shaft of blades. At least two cutting modules that cooperate with at least one fixed blade bar can be removably attached to each blade axis and thereby crush the chips. The cutting modules can be placed individually on the blade axis respectively and detachably fixed on the blade axis such that, seen in the direction of rotation of the blade axis, there are at least two respective cutting modules . In addition, the device can be positioned in such a way that the metal shavings transported by an endless conveyor can be scraped off the endless conveyor by means of the cutting modules fixed on the blade axis. According to the invention, the blade shaft and the endless conveyor are driven by the same motor drive.

[0011] The endless conveyor can be produced and sold together with the blade shaft. However, it would also be possible to equip a previously existing endless conveyor used in an establishment accordingly.

[0012] Thanks to the use of a common drive for the blade shaft and the endless conveyor, the two components can be put into service, and therefore can also be stopped together. Therefore, if there was a jam of the chip crusher that made it necessary to stop the rotation of the blade shaft, at the same time the movement of the endless conveyor would also stop, so that no more metal chips could fall into the chipper. chips that would make the chip breaker jam worse. Until now the endless conveyor had to be stopped independently, which implied a certain delay, since the controls of the two components were not arranged directly next to each other. It could also happen that the endless conveyor was not stopped for some time because the responsible worker initially relied on being able to clear the chip breaker jam so quickly that the path to the endless conveyor control could be saved. Frequently, because of this, the traffic jam would become clearly more serious and the elimination of it would last much longer than would have been necessary. Furthermore, with the configuration according to the invention, both the chip crusher and the endless conveyor could be reversed simultaneously and together, if necessary, to eliminate or avoid a jam. A brief reversal of the blade axis may already be sufficient to avoid a jam as long as during the reversal no more metal chips fall into the gap between the blade axis and the fixed blade bar. On the other hand, by using a common motor drive, a motor drive with a corresponding control can be saved, which is economically advantageous. In addition, it is only necessary to maintain a drive, which reduces maintenance costs.

[0013] Preferably, the endless conveyor may have a drive shaft coupled with at least one blade shaft rotatably housed. This can be done especially easily from the point of view of the construction through a toothed belt or chain.

[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, the blade axis (s) can be rotatably housed in a bearing block. In this bearing block the endless conveyor can also be attached through at least one spacer element. Therefore, the endless conveyor and the blade axis are at a defined distance from each other and arranged very close to each other. Thanks to this spatial proximity between the crushing unit itself and the endless conveyor, chips that do not fall by themselves from the endless conveyor can be detached by scratching the endless conveyor by the cutting modules fixed on the blade axis. By means of a corresponding cutting edge of the cutting teeth of the cutting modules, they can be caught in the chips and move the chips away from the endless conveyor by transporting them to the fixed knife bars, where the chips can be crushed.

[0015] To further reduce the risk of injury to workers, the rotating shaft (s) housed and the end area of the endless conveyor close to the blade axes can be covered by a common cover.

[0016] The modular clamping type of the individual cutting modules makes it possible to individually release and replace a defective cutting module of the blade axis without affecting other adjacent cutting modules. It is also not necessary to disassemble the blade axis from the housing. Therefore, the replacement of the individual cutting modules can be carried out easily and quickly, so that only a short time of stopping of the device occurs during maintenance.

[0017] The clamping of the cutting modules in the blade axis can take place through at least one screwed connection. Preferably, the individual cutting modules can be screwed into the blade shaft with at least two screws. In a preferred embodiment, the blade shaft rotatably housed can have several openings in its lateral surface, in each of which a cutting module can be positioned. Thus, in addition to the clamping, simple positioning of the individual cutting modules on the blade axis can also be made possible, which may be desirable in particular for the first assembly of the individual cutting modules. The cutting modules can be inserted exactly in the openings and have an exactly defined position with respect to adjacent cutting modules, so that an optimal cutting result can be achieved. The assembly and replacement of the cutting modules can continue to be carried out quickly, so that both during the first assembly and during the replacement of one or more cutting modules only a short assembly time is required. Preferably, the openings may be made by milling on the side surface.

[0018] Preferably, the blade shaft rotatably housed may be cylindrically shaped. In this case, the cross section of the blade shaft rotatably housed - apart from the openings present on the side surface - would be circular.

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

35

40

Four. Five

fifty

55

60

65

[0019] The fixed knife bar can also be modularly configured. For this, the blade bar can have several blade units that can be held, for example, in a common knife holder. In this way, the individual modules of the fixed knife bar can also be replaced easily if one of the knife units is defective. The fastening of the individual knife units can take place, for example, by means of one or more screws.

[0020] Other advantages and features of the invention emerge from the features indicated further in the claims as well as from the following exemplary embodiment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0021] The invention is described and explained in more detail below by means of the embodiment shown in the drawing. In this:

- Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of the device according to the invention, in which no cutting module has yet been mounted on the blade axis; Y

- Figure 2 shows a cross section through the device according to the invention with mounted cutting modules.

EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0022] The device 10 according to the invention for grinding metal shavings 12 is schematically represented in Figures 1 and 2. The device 10 has a blade shaft 20 which is rotatably housed in a bearing block 22. The blade shaft 20 can be rotatably driven around the axis of rotation 24 by means of a motor drive not shown. In the case of the present example, the direction of rotation 26 is the clockwise direction. In order to drive the blade shaft 20, the blade shaft 20 is equipped with a drive shaft 28 that can be driven by motor drive.

[0023] In the case of the present example, the blade axis 20 has a circular cross-section. In the case of the present example, the side surface 30 has several openings 32. In each of the openings 32 a cutting module 34 can be placed and held. For this, each of the cutting modules 34 has a hole in the that a screw can be inserted to hold the cutting modules 34 in the blade axis 20 by means of a screw connection. Each cutting module 34 is provided with a cutting tooth.

[0024] The cutting modules 34 can be individually removed from the blade shaft 20. After loosening the clamping screw, the cutting module 34 to be replaced can be removed from the blade shaft 20. This is not necessary. disassemble the blade axis 20 from the bearing block 22. It is also not necessary to remove other cutting modules 34 that are not to be replaced. Therefore, the replacement of defective cutting modules 34 is rapid and does not pose problems and, consequently, is economically advantageous.

[0025] The cutting teeth of the cutting modules 34 cooperate with a fixed blade bar 40 to crush the metal chips 12. The fixed blade bar 40 is held in the substructure 44 of the device 10 by means of a knife holder 42. In this substructure 44 the bearing block 22 for the blade axis 20 is also attached.

[0026] In the case of the present example, the blade bar 40 has a modular structure and has several blade units 46. The number of blade units 46 may correspond to the number of cutting modules 34 seen in the longitudinal direction. of the blade axis 20. The individual blade units 46 are secured in the knife holder 42 by means of one or more screws. Thanks to the modular structure of the fixed knife bar 40, the individual knife units 46 can also be easily replaced in case of a defect.

[0027] The device 10 also has an endless conveyor 50 for metal shavings 12, whose end area 52 is located so close to the blade axis 20 rotatably housed that the individual cutting modules 34 can serve as scrapers for the shavings. metallic 12 that do not fall by themselves from the endless conveyor 50. In this way it is possible to prevent some chips 12 from being transported again by the endless conveyor 50 back towards a lathe not shown here, as this could lead to jams of the lathe.

[0028] In this context it has been found that it is sufficiently close if the distance 54 between the cutting teeth of the cutting modules 34 and the conveyor belt 56 of the endless conveyor has a magnitude between three and four centimeters. With this distance 54 it can be ensured that the cutting teeth cannot damage the conveyor belt 56 and, at the same time, in this way the metal shavings 12, normally very long, can be reliably dragged by the cutting modules 34.

[0029] The endless conveyor 50 is disposed in a housing 60, which is held by several spacers 62 in the substructure 44 of the bearing block 22 of the blade shaft 20. This ensures that the preset distance 54 between the belt Conveyor 56 and the cutting teeth is maintained and not accidentally modified.

[0030] The drive shaft 64 of the endless conveyor 50 is rotatably housed in the housing 60. In the case of the present example, the drive shaft 64 of the endless conveyor 50 and the drive shaft 28 of the blade shaft 20 are connected to each other through a toothed belt 70. For this reason, the two drive shafts 64, 28 are provided with a respective sprocket 72, 74. The toothed belt 70 connects the two sprockets 72, 74, and therefore also the two drive shafts 28, 64, each other. Consequently, the

5

10

fifteen

twenty

25

30

Endless conveyor 50 is driven through the same motor drive as the blade shaft 20. Therefore, only one common motor drive is required, which clearly reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the device 10.

[0031] Furthermore, by means of the common motor drive, the two drive shafts 28, 64 can be put into service and also stopped together. In this way it can be ensured that, in the event of a threatening jam in the area of the fixed knife bar 40, not only does the rotation of the blade axis 20 stop, but at the same time the conveyor belt 56 of the endless conveyor In addition, at the same time a reversal of the blade axis 28 and the endless conveyor 50 is also possible, that is, the simultaneous change of the direction of rotation. Such reversal may be necessary to avoid or undo an incipient jam in the area of the blade bar 40. However, if in this case only the rotation of the blade axis 20 is stopped while the endless conveyor 50 continues to transport metal chips 12 to the area of the knife bar 40, as a rule the jam does not clear, but rather it worsens even more. Therefore, the endless conveyor 50 would also have to be stopped and reversed. However, in the case of independent controls and independent motor drives, this is not possible so quickly, since longer paths have to be traveled to get from one motor drive to the next.

[0032] Unlike the exemplary embodiment shown here, the two sprockets 72, 74 can also be connected to each other by means of a chain. It would also be possible for the sprockets 72, 74 to engage directly with each other.

[0033] To prevent rotating cutting teeth 36 from causing injury to workers with the rotation of the blade axis 20, in the case of the present example the device 10 is arranged in a housing 80. The housing 80 is closed with a cover 82 in the area of the blade axis 20 and the end area 52 of the endless conveyor 50. Preferably, the cover 82 may be transparent in order to observe the crushing process.

[0034] The cover 82 cannot be opened while the blade shaft 20 is rotating, so that it is not possible to reach the fixed blade bar area 40 with your hands, which could lead to serious injuries. The cover 82 can only be opened after stopping the blade axis 20, thus allowing free access to the crushing area. Therefore, with the blade axis 20 stopped, a threatening jam can be carefully removed. In case of a reversal of the blade axis 20, an opening of the cover 82 may also be possible. On the contrary, commissioning of the device 10 requires that the cover 82 be closed. On the other hand, with the cover 82 open, no rotation of the blade axis 20 in the clockwise direction is possible.

Claims (7)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 1. Device (10) for crushing metal chips (12) - with at least one blade axis (20) rotatably housed, in which at least two cutting modules (34) are detachably attached, the cutting modules (34) being placed individually and respectively on the one or more blade shafts (20) and detachably held in such a way that, seen in the direction of rotation (26) of the blade shaft (20), there are at least two respective cutting modules (34), - with a motor drive for the rotation of the blade axis (20), - with at least one fixed blade bar (40) cooperating with the cutting modules (34) of the blade axes (20), - with at least one endless conveyor (50) for metal shavings (12), the metal shavings (12) being transported by the endless conveyor (50) can be removed by scratching the endless conveyor (50) by means of the cutting modules (34) subjects in the blade axis (20), characterized by that - the endless conveyor (50) can be driven by the motor drive of the blade shaft (20). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that - the endless conveyor (50) has a drive shaft (64), - the rotating shaft (20) housed in the swivel are connected to the drive shaft (64) of the endless conveyor (50). Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the or (s) of the blades (20) rotatably housed are connected to the drive shaft (64) of the endless conveyor (50) through a chain or toothed belt (70). 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the blade axis (20) is rotatably housed in a bearing block (22), - the endless conveyor (50) is held in the bearing block (22) through at least one spacer element (62). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade axis (20) rotatably housed and the end area (52) of the endless conveyor (50) can be covered by a cover (82) common. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the blade shaft (20) rotatably housed has several openings (32) in its lateral surface (30), - a cutting module (34) can be placed in each of the openings (32). Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the axis of blades (20) rotatably housed is configured in a cylindrical shape.