ES2593267B1 - Offshore wind and wave energy conversion plant to electric - Google Patents

Offshore wind and wave energy conversion plant to electric Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2593267B1
ES2593267B1 ES201500424A ES201500424A ES2593267B1 ES 2593267 B1 ES2593267 B1 ES 2593267B1 ES 201500424 A ES201500424 A ES 201500424A ES 201500424 A ES201500424 A ES 201500424A ES 2593267 B1 ES2593267 B1 ES 2593267B1
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wind
energy
wave
generator
responsible
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ES2593267A1 (en
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Ramón FERREIRO GARCÍA
Ramón BORRÁS FORMOSO
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Universidade da Coruna
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Universidade da Coruna
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/08Tide or wave power plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines

Abstract

La invención denominada planta offshore de conversión de energías eólica y undimotriz a eléctrica, convierte eficientemente las energías eólica y undimotriz a energía eléctrica en base al aprovechamiento de la estructura flotante (torre) que hace de soporte tanto del generador eólico como a las instalaciones de conversión de energía undimotriz.The invention called offshore wind and wind energy to electric power conversion plant efficiently converts wind and wave energy to electric energy based on the use of the floating structure (tower) that supports both the wind generator and the conversion facilities of wave energy.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION

Planta offshore de conversión de energías eólica y undimotriz a eléctrica. Offshore plant for converting wind and wave energy to electricity.

Campo técnico de la invención 5 Technical Field of the Invention 5

La presente invención pertenece al campo técnico de la conversión de las energías eólica y undimotriz (energía procedente de las olas oceánicas) a energía eléctrica en instalaciones flotantes a modo de plataformas flotantes ubicadas en el mar. The present invention belongs to the technical field of the conversion of wind and wave energy (energy from ocean waves) to electrical energy in floating installations as floating platforms located in the sea.

10  10

Objetivo de la invención Object of the invention

El objetivo de la presente invención denominada PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍAS EÓLICA Y UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA, es la conversión altamente eficiente de las energías eólica y undimotriz a energía eléctrica en base al 15 aprovechamiento de la estructura flotante que hace de soporte tanto del generador eólico como de las instalaciones de conversión de energía undimotriz. The objective of the present invention called OFFSHORE PLANT OF CONVERSION OF WIND AND UNDIMOTRIZ ENERGIES TO ELECTRICAL, is the highly efficient conversion of wind and wave energy to electrical energy based on the use of the floating structure that supports both the wind generator as of the facilities of conversion of wave energy.

Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention

20  twenty

En el estado actual de la técnica aplicada a la producción energía eléctrica mediante energía procedente de las olas oceánicas existe desde hace décadas gran variedad de modelos, dada la sencillez constructiva de estos dispositivos. In the current state of the art applied to the production of electric energy by means of energy from ocean waves, there have been decades of great variety of models, given the constructive simplicity of these devices.

La energía transportada por las olas oceánicas depende de la altura y la frecuencia. 25 The energy transported by ocean waves depends on the height and frequency. 25

Por tanto en aguas profundas en las cuales la profundidad sobrepasa la mitad de la longitud de onda, el flujo de energía definido como potencia viene dado como Therefore, in deep waters in which the depth exceeds half the wavelength, the energy flow defined as power is given as

30  30

siendo being

P, el flujo de energía o potencia P, the flow of energy or power

35  35

ρ, la densidad del agua (kg/m3) ρ, the density of water (kg / m3)

g, la aceleración de la gravedad (m/s2) g, the acceleration of gravity (m / s2)

Hmo, la altura significativa de la ola (m) 40 Hmo, the significant height of the wave (m) 40

T, es el período de la ola (s). T, is the period of the wave (s).

La potencia específica (potencia por unidad de frente de ola) neta aportada a la red está dada como 45 The specific power (power per unit of wavefront) contributed to the network is given as 45

donde η es la eficiencia total de conversión. where η is the total conversion efficiency.

50  fifty

Así, en el caso de oleaje oceánico cuya altura significativa de ola sea de 4 m, con una frecuencia de 7 s bajo una eficiencia de conversión del 50%, la energía proporcionada a Thus, in the case of ocean waves whose significant wave height is 4 m, with a frequency of 7 s under a conversion efficiency of 50%, the energy provided to

red sería aproximadamente P = η · 0.5 · Hmo · T ≈ 0.5 x 0.5 x 42 x 7 = 28 kW/m. Esto supone unos 28 kW por metro de frente de ola, equivalente a 2800 kW por cada 100 metros de longitud de plataforma, lo cual significa una potencia considerable. network would be approximately P = η · 0.5 · Hmo · T ≈ 0.5 x 0.5 x 42 x 7 = 28 kW / m. This means about 28 kW per meter of wavefront, equivalent to 2800 kW per 100 meters of platform length, which means considerable power.

Entre los documentos de patente de máquinas de conversión de energía undimotriz en 5 energía eléctrica se conoce la solicitud de patente WO2010058047-A1 denominada "Dispositivo de transformación de energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica" consiste en un dispositivo de transformación de energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica caracterizado por estar constituido esencialmente por un campo de boyas que son las que por el movimiento de las olas facilitan a un conjunto de ejes y engranajes esta fuerza que se 10 transforma en movimiento notorio de ejes que impulsan los generadores de energía eléctrica. Among the patent documents of converters of wave energy in 5 electric power is known the patent application WO2010058047-A1 called "Device for transforming wave energy into electrical energy" consists of a device for transforming wave energy into electrical energy characterized Being essentially constituted by a field of buoys that are the ones that, due to the movement of the waves, provide a set of shafts and gears with this force that is transformed into a notorious movement of shafts that drive electric power generators.

Asimismo, actualmente se conocen diversas estructuras de artefactos marinos que constituyen el soporte de generadores eólicos convencionales ubicados en campos de 15 explotación de vientos oceánicos para la conversión de energía eólica a eléctrica, los cuales en general llevan cerca de un par de décadas en operación con alta eficiencia partiendo de que la calidad del viento es más alta que en zonas montañosas. Likewise, various marine artifact structures are currently known that constitute the support of conventional wind generators located in fields of exploitation of ocean winds for the conversion of wind to electrical energy, which in general have been in operation for about a couple of decades with high efficiency on the basis that the wind quality is higher than in mountainous areas.

La estimación de la potencia de energía eólica susceptible de conversión idealmente se 20 obtiene partiendo de que toda masa de aire m con movimiento uniforme unidireccional a velocidad v va asociada a una energía cinética que definida como The estimation of the power of wind energy capable of conversion is ideally obtained from the fact that every mass of air m with uniform unidirectional movement at speed v is associated with a kinetic energy that is defined as

25  25

Siendo ρa es la densidad del aire de la corriente uniforme y Vol. el volumen de la masa m, la energía por unidad de volumen resulta ser: Since ρa is the density of the air of the uniform current and Vol. The volume of the mass m, the energy per unit volume turns out to be:

30  30

entonces, al ser el caudal volumétrico a través de una superficie de control estacionaria de sección frontal A igual al producto de la sección transversal o normal a la dirección del viento por la velocidad del mismo v, se tiene: then, being the volumetric flow rate through a stationary control surface of frontal section A equal to the product of the cross section or normal to the wind direction by the speed of the same v, it has:

35  35

resultando que el flujo de energía o potencia eólica de la corriente de viento a través de A vale: resulting that the flow of wind power or wind power through A is worth:

40  40

La expresión que define la potencia prueba que existe una alta dependencia de la potencia con la velocidad de orden exponencial al cubo. Del mismo modo permite deducir que operando a nivel del mar, donde la densidad del aire es máxima, con un valor medio de 1,225 kg/m3, se obtienen los mejores resultados. 45 The expression that defines the power proves that there is a high dependence on the power with the exponential speed of the cube. In the same way it allows to deduce that operating at sea level, where the air density is maximum, with an average value of 1,225 kg / m3, the best results are obtained. Four. Five

No obstante, en el estado actual de la técnica relacionada con la conversión de energía eólica procedente de los vientos marinos así como la energía undimotriz procedente del oleaje oceánico, no se conocen artefactos flotantes marinos (offshore) habilitados para soportar y operar simultáneamente los dos tipos de generadores (eólicos y undimotrices) 50 en un solo artefacto marino de soporte. However, in the current state of the art related to the conversion of wind energy from marine winds as well as wave energy from ocean waves, there are no known offshore floating marine artifacts enabled to simultaneously support and operate the two types of generators (wind and wave) 50 in a single marine support device.

Breve descripción de la invención Brief Description of the Invention

La PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍAS EÓLICA Y UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA consiste en una instalación marina capaz de soportar un generador eólico y un generador undimotriz. Tal instalación marina puede estar diseñada para operar a flote 5 y anclada al lecho marino, cuando opera en aguas profundas (mayor de 100 metros) o estar diseñadas para operar cerca de la costa en donde la profundidad (menor de 100 metros) permite artefactos cuya estructura (no es flotante) y se halla pilotada y empotrada en el lecho marino. En cada uno de ambos tipos de soporte se hallan la instalación eólica de generación y la instalación undimotriz de generación, ambas constituidas por 10 tecnologías convencionales. The OFFSHORE PLANT FOR CONVERSION OF WIND ENERGIES AND UNDIMOTRIZ A ELECTRICAL consists of a marine installation capable of supporting a wind generator and a wave generator. Such a marine installation may be designed to operate afloat 5 and anchored to the seabed, when operating in deep water (greater than 100 meters) or be designed to operate near the coast where the depth (less than 100 meters) allows artifacts whose structure (not floating) and is piloted and embedded in the seabed. In each of both types of support are the wind power generation plant and the wind turbine power generation system, both consisting of 10 conventional technologies.

Descripción de las figuras Description of the figures

En esta sección se describen a modo ilustrativo y no limitativo, los componentes 15 esenciales que constituyen la PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍAS EÓLICA Y UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA para facilitar la comprensión de la invención en donde se hace referencia a las siguientes figuras: This section describes, in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the essential components that constitute the OFFSHORE PLANT OF WIND ENERGY CONVERSION AND ELECTRICAL UNDIMOTRIZ to facilitate the understanding of the invention where reference is made to the following figures:

Figura 1. PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍAS EÓLICA Y 20 UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA flotante y anclada al lecho marino constituida por los siguientes componentes fundamentales: Figure 1. OFFSHORE PLANT OF CONVERSION OF WIND ENERGIES AND 20 UNDIMOTRIZ A ELECTRICAL floating and anchored to the seabed constituted by the following fundamental components:

1. torre de soporte flotante de los generadores eólico y undimotriz 1. floating support tower of wind and wave generators

25  25

3. góndola 3. gondola

4. turbina eólica 4. wind turbine

5. generador undimotriz 30 5. wave generator 30

6. superficie marina 6. marine surface

7. anclajes de la torre flotante 7. floating tower anchors

35  35

8. lecho marino 8. seabed

9. compartimiento de lastre de la torre de soporte flotante (1) 9. Ballast compartment of the floating support tower (1)

Figura 2. PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍAS EÓLICA Y 40 UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA pilotada y empotrada en el lecho marino constituida por los siguientes componentes: Figure 2. OFFSHORE PLANT FOR CONVERSION OF WIND ENERGIES AND 40 UNDIMOTRIZ A ELECTRICAL piloted and embedded in the seabed consisting of the following components:

2. torre de soporte pilotada de los generadores eólico y undimotriz 2. Piloted support tower of wind and wave generators

45  Four. Five

3. góndola 3. gondola

4. turbina eólica 4. wind turbine

5. generador undimotriz 50 5. wave generator 50

6. superficie marina 6. marine surface

8. lecho marino 8. seabed

Descripción detallada de la invención Detailed description of the invention

La PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGIA EÓLICA Y ENERGIA UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA, convierte las energías eólica y undimotriz a energía eléctrica mediante un generador eólico y un generador undimotriz ubicados en la misma 5 torre. La PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGIAS EÓLICA Y UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA está soportada por uno de los dos tipos de torre y se describe en las secciones, (a), y (b), en donde la sección (a) describe la torre de soporte flotante (1), y la sección (b) describe la torre de soporte pilotada y empotrada al lecho marino (2). 10 The OFFSHORE PLANT OF CONVERSION OF WIND ENERGY AND UNDIMOTIVE ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL, converts wind and wave energy to electrical energy by means of a wind generator and a wave generator located in the same 5 tower. The OFFSHORE PLANT OF CONVERSION OF WIND ENERGIES AND UNDIMOTRIZ TO ELECTRICAL is supported by one of the two types of tower and is described in sections, (a), and (b), where section (a) describes the support tower floating (1), and section (b) describes the support tower piloted and embedded in the seabed (2). 10

(a) La torre de soporte flotante (1), está constituida por los siguientes elementos fundamentales con referencia a la figura 1: (a) The floating support tower (1), is constituted by the following fundamental elements with reference to figure 1:

- la torre de soporte flotante de los generadores eólico y undimotriz (1) ubicada en 15 posición vertical y semi-sumergida en el agua hasta la profundidad necesaria para equilibrar su peso con el empuje vertical hacia arriba ejercido por el agua, la cual es responsable de soportar las instalaciones de los dos tipos de generadores: el generador eólico formado por la góndola (3) y la turbina eólica (4) y el generador undimotriz (5) ubicado a nivel del mar (6). 20 - the floating support tower of the wind and wave generators (1) located in a vertical position and semi-submerged in the water to the depth necessary to balance its weight with the vertical upward thrust exerted by the water, which is responsible to support the installations of the two types of generators: the wind generator formed by the gondola (3) and the wind turbine (4) and the wave generator (5) located at sea level (6). twenty

- la góndola (3), que realiza la función de alojar el generador eléctrico, el cual se halla acoplado por medio de un eje rígido a la turbina eólica (4). - the gondola (3), which performs the function of housing the electric generator, which is coupled by means of a rigid shaft to the wind turbine (4).

- turbina eólica (4) responsable de convertir la energía eólica a energía mecánica de 25 rotación, así como transferir la energía mecánica al generador eléctrico. - wind turbine (4) responsible for converting wind energy to 25-rotation mechanical energy, as well as transferring mechanical energy to the electric generator.

- generador undimotriz (5), responsable de convertir la energía undimotriz (energía de las olas marinas) a energía eléctrica vía energía mecánica. - wave generator (5), responsible for converting wave energy (sea wave energy) to electrical energy via mechanical energy.

30  30

- anclajes de la torre de soporte pilotada (7) al lecho marino (8), los cuales son responsables de mantener la torre de soporte flotante en una determinada posición geográfica. - Anchors of the piloted support tower (7) to the seabed (8), which are responsible for maintaining the floating support tower in a certain geographical position.

- compartimiento de lastre (9) de la torre de soporte flotante (1) el cual es responsable 35 proporcionar la estabilidad vertical de la torre flotante de soporte. - ballast compartment (9) of the floating support tower (1) which is responsible for providing the vertical stability of the floating support tower.

(b) La torre de soporte pilotada y empotrada al lecho marino (2) (apoyada y afirmada mediante pilotes) y empotrada en el lecho marino (8), está constituida por los siguientes elementos fundamentales con referencia a la figura 2: 40  (b) The support tower piloted and embedded in the seabed (2) (supported and affirmed by piles) and embedded in the seabed (8), consists of the following fundamental elements with reference to Figure 2: 40

- la torre de soporte pilotada (2) de los generadores eólico y undimotriz (2) ubicada en posición vertical y empotrada en el lecho marino (8), la cual es responsable de soportar las instalaciones de los dos tipos de generadores: el generador eólico formado por la góndola (3) y la turbina eólica (4) y el generador undimotriz (5) ubicado a nivel del mar 45 (6). - the piloted support tower (2) of the wind and wave generators (2) located vertically and embedded in the seabed (8), which is responsible for supporting the installations of the two types of generators: the wind generator formed by the gondola (3) and the wind turbine (4) and the wave generator (5) located at sea level 45 (6).

- la góndola (3), que realiza la función de alojar el generador eléctrico, el cual se halla acoplado por medio de un eje rígido a la turbina eólica (4). - the gondola (3), which performs the function of housing the electric generator, which is coupled by means of a rigid shaft to the wind turbine (4).

50  fifty

- turbina eólica (4) responsable de convertir la energía eólica a energía mecánica de rotación, así como transferir la energía mecánica al generador eléctrico. - wind turbine (4) responsible for converting wind energy to rotating mechanical energy, as well as transferring mechanical energy to the electric generator.

- generador undimotriz (5), responsable de convertir la energía undimotriz (energía de las olas marinas) a energía eléctrica vía energía mecánica. - wave generator (5), responsible for converting wave energy (sea wave energy) to electrical energy via mechanical energy.

Descripción de las realizaciones preferentes de la invención Description of the preferred embodiments of the invention

5  5

Las figura 1 y 2 muestran la realización preferente de la PLANTA OFFSHORE DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍAS EÓLICA Y UNDIMOTRIZ A ELÉCTRICA la cual puede ser implementada bajo dos modelos de la torre de soporte: Figures 1 and 2 show the preferred embodiment of the OFFSHORE PLANT FOR CONVERSION OF WIND ENERGIES AND UNDIMOTRIZ A ELECTRICAL, which can be implemented under two models of the support tower:

- torre de soporte flotante (1), está constituida por los siguientes elementos 10 fundamentales con referencia a la figura 1. - floating support tower (1), is constituted by the following fundamental elements 10 with reference to figure 1.

- torre de soporte pilotada (2) (apoyada y afirmada mediante pilotes) y empotrada en el lecho marino (8) según la figura 2. - piloted support tower (2) (supported and affirmed by piles) and embedded in the seabed (8) according to figure 2.

15 fifteen

Claims (1)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Planta offshore de conversión de energías eólica y undimotriz a eléctrica, caracterizada por convertir las energías eólica y undimotriz a energía eléctrica mediante un generador eólico y un generador undimotriz ubicados en la misma torre. 5 1. Offshore plant for the conversion of wind and wave energy to electricity, characterized by converting wind and wave energy to electric energy through a wind generator and a wave generator located in the same tower. 5 Y donde la torre de soporte de los generadores eólico y undimotriz puede ser de tipo flotante (1) o de tipo pilotada (2). And where the support tower of the wind and wave generators can be of floating type (1) or of piloted type (2). Y donde la torre de soporte de tipo flotante (1) está constituida los siguientes elementos 10 fundamentales: And where the floating support tower (1) consists of the following fundamental elements: - la torre de soporte flotante de los generadores eólico y undimotriz (1) ubicada en posición vertical y semi-sumergida en el agua hasta la profundidad necesaria para equilibrar su peso con el empuje vertical hacia arriba ejercido por el agua, la cual es 15 responsable de soportar las instalaciones de los dos tipos de generadores: el generador eólico formado por la góndola (3) y la turbina eólica (4) y el generador undimotriz (5) ubicado a nivel del mar (6). - the floating support tower of the wind and wave generators (1) located in a vertical position and semi-submerged in the water to the depth necessary to balance their weight with the vertical upward thrust exerted by the water, which is responsible to support the installations of the two types of generators: the wind generator formed by the gondola (3) and the wind turbine (4) and the wave generator (5) located at sea level (6). - la góndola (3), que realiza la función de alojar el generador eléctrico, el cual se halla 20 acoplado por medio de un eje rígido a la turbina eólica (4). - the gondola (3), which performs the function of housing the electric generator, which is coupled by means of a rigid shaft to the wind turbine (4). - turbina eólica (4) responsable de convertir la energía eólica a energía mecánica de rotación, así como transferir la energía mecánica al generador eléctrico. - wind turbine (4) responsible for converting wind energy to rotating mechanical energy, as well as transferring mechanical energy to the electric generator. 25  25 - generador undimotriz (5), responsable de convertir la energía undimotriz (energía de las olas marinas) a energía eléctrica vía energía mecánica. - wave generator (5), responsible for converting wave energy (sea wave energy) to electrical energy via mechanical energy. - anclajes de la torre de soporte flotante (7) al lecho marino (8), los cuales son responsables de mantener la torre de soporte flotante en una determinada posición 30 geográfica. - anchors of the floating support tower (7) to the seabed (8), which are responsible for maintaining the floating support tower in a certain geographical position. - compartimiento de lastre (9) de la torre de soporte flotante (1) el cual es responsable proporcionar la estabilidad vertical de la torre flotante de soporte. - ballast compartment (9) of the floating support tower (1) which is responsible for providing the vertical stability of the floating support tower. 35  35 Y donde la torre de soporte de tipo pilotado (2) (apoyada y afirmada mediante pilotes) y empotrada en el lecho marino (8), está constituida por los siguientes elementos fundamentales: And where the piloted support tower (2) (supported and affirmed by piles) and embedded in the seabed (8), is constituted by the following fundamental elements: - la torre de soporte pilotada (2) de los generadores eólico y undimotriz ubicada en 40 posición vertical y empotrada en el lecho marino (8), la cual es responsable de soportar las instalaciones de los dos tipos de generadores: el generador eólico formado por la góndola (3) y la turbina eólica (4) y el generador undimotriz (5) ubicado a nivel del mar (6). - the piloted support tower (2) of the wind and wave generators located in a vertical position and embedded in the seabed (8), which is responsible for supporting the installations of the two types of generators: the wind generator formed by the gondola (3) and the wind turbine (4) and the wave generator (5) located at sea level (6). 45  Four. Five - la góndola (3), que realiza la función de alojar el generador eléctrico, el cual se halla acoplado por medio de un eje rígido a la turbina eólica (4). - the gondola (3), which performs the function of housing the electric generator, which is coupled by means of a rigid shaft to the wind turbine (4). - turbina eólica (4) responsable de convertir la energía eólica a energía mecánica de rotación, así como transferir la energía mecánica al generador eléctrico. 50 - wind turbine (4) responsible for converting wind energy to rotating mechanical energy, as well as transferring mechanical energy to the electric generator. fifty - generador undimotriz (5), responsable de convertir la energía undimotriz (energía de las olas marinas) a energía eléctrica vía energía mecánica. - wave generator (5), responsible for converting wave energy (sea wave energy) to electrical energy via mechanical energy.
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