ES2301445B1 - MARINE SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION AND INSTALLATION METHOD. - Google Patents

MARINE SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION AND INSTALLATION METHOD. Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2301445B1
ES2301445B1 ES200703172A ES200703172A ES2301445B1 ES 2301445 B1 ES2301445 B1 ES 2301445B1 ES 200703172 A ES200703172 A ES 200703172A ES 200703172 A ES200703172 A ES 200703172A ES 2301445 B1 ES2301445 B1 ES 2301445B1
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Prior art keywords
electrical energy
marine
production system
production
waves
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ES200703172A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2301445A1 (en
Inventor
Carlos Itoiz Beunza
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Acciona Generacion Renovable SA
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Acciona Energia SA
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Priority to ES200703172A priority Critical patent/ES2301445B1/en
Publication of ES2301445A1 publication Critical patent/ES2301445A1/en
Priority to PCT/ES2008/000740 priority patent/WO2009068712A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/442Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091Offshore structures for wind turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/61Application for hydrogen and/or oxygen production
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/62Application for desalination
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/708Photoelectric means, i.e. photovoltaic or solar cells
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/917Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure attached to cables
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/917Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure attached to cables
    • F05B2240/9176Wing, kites or buoyant bodies with a turbine attached without flying pattern
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/141Wind power
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/144Wave energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica y método de instalación.Marine power production system Electrical and installation method.

Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, estando basado en una estructura flotante tipo boya "spar" que mantiene el centro de gravedad por debajo del centro de flotación, comprendiendo el sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica una estructura flotante (1) tipo "spar" en la que se integra: un dispositivo (2) de producción de energía eléctrica a través del viento, y/o; un dispositivo (3) de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las olas, y/o; un dispositivo (12) de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.Marine power production system electric, based on a floating buoy structure "spar" that keeps the center of gravity below the flotation center, comprising the marine production system of electric energy a floating structure (1) type "spar" in which it is integrated: an energy production device (2) electric through the wind, and / or; a production device (3) of electrical energy through the waves, and / or; a device (12) of electric power production through the currents Marine

Description

Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica y método de instalación.Marine power production system Electrical and installation method.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

La siguiente invención, según se expresa en el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica y método de instalación, estando basado el sistema en una estructura flotante tipo boya "spar", de forma que la propia estructura flotante integra, al menos, un dispositivo productor de energía, pudiendo tratarse de un dispositivo de aprovechamiento del viento, tal como un aerogenerador y/o un dispositivo de aprovechamiento de la energía de las olas y/o un dispositivo de aprovechamiento de la energía de las corrientes marinas, teniendo por objeto obtener energía eléctrica a través del viento y/o de las olas.The following invention, as expressed in the set forth herein, refers to a marine electrical power production system and method of installation, the system being based on a floating structure buoy type "spar", so that the floating structure itself integrates at least one energy producing device, being able to it is a wind harness device, such as a wind turbine and / or a device to take advantage of the wave energy and / or a device for harnessing the sea currents energy, aiming to obtain electrical energy through wind and / or waves.

Asimismo, en la presente memoria se presenta un método para la instalación del sistema que permite su desinstalación, reparación y posterior nueva instalación.Also, this report presents a method for installing the system that allows its uninstallation, repair and subsequent new installation.

Campo de aplicaciónScope

En la presente memoria se describe un sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica y método de instalación, el cual es de especial aplicación para su instalación en el mar aprovechando la energía que proporcionan el viento y/o las olas, estando integrados en una sola estructura flotante tipo boya "spar".This system describes a system Marine electric power production and installation method, which is of special application for installation at sea harnessing the energy provided by wind and / or waves, being integrated in a single floating buoy structure "spar"

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

Son conocidos sistemas flotantes que incorporan un aerogenerador en su parte superior, así como sistemas de aprovechamiento energético de las olas.Floating systems that incorporate a wind turbine on top, as well as systems of energy use of the waves.

Asimismo, en relación a la combinación de estas tecnologías existe una patente (JP2002303454) que describe una gran estructura flotante en la que se integran muchos sistemas, con objeto de producir hidrógeno y oxígeno, mediante diversas tecnologías, entre ellas energía eólica y de las olas.Also, in relation to the combination of these technologies there is a patent (JP2002303454) that describes a large floating structure in which many systems are integrated, with object of producing hydrogen and oxygen, through various technologies, including wind and wave energy.

Por otra parte, el sistema "spar" de boya flotante se refiere a sistemas que mantienen el centro de gravedad por debajo del centro de flotación, consiguiendo así la estabilidad deseada. Las partes básicas de un sistema "spar"
incluyen:
On the other hand, the floating spa "spar" system refers to systems that keep the center of gravity below the center of flotation, thus achieving the desired stability. The basic parts of a "spar" system
include:

1) Una estructura superior.1) A superior structure.

2) Un tanque de lastre superior ("hard tank").2) A top ballast tank ("hard tank ").

3) Una sección intermedia (configuración cilíndrica ciega o en celosía).3) An intermediate section (configuration cylindrical blind or lattice).

4) Un tanque de lastre inferior ("soft tank").4) A lower ballast tank ("soft tank ").

La estructura superior consta habitualmente de una configuración multi-nivel de cubiertas para así conseguir un área de trabajo suficiente, minimizando al mismo tiempo las superficies en voladizo.The upper structure usually consists of a multi-level roof configuration for this get a sufficient work area, minimizing it Cantilever surfaces time.

El tanque de lastre superior es el encargado de aportar la reserva de flotabilidad suficiente para soportar el peso de los demás elementos, ya que ninguno de ellos tendría flotabilidad positiva por sí mismo. El término "hard tank" viene del hecho de que sus compartimentos están dimensionados para soportar toda la presión hidrostática sin necesidad de inundar los mismos. Habitualmente está dividido en 5 ó 6 niveles de compartimentos estancos separados por cubiertas y cada uno de estos se subdivide a su vez en otros 4 mediante mamparos radiales.The upper ballast tank is responsible for provide sufficient buoyancy reserve to support the weight of the other elements, since none of them would have positive buoyancy by itself. The term "hard tank" it comes from the fact that its compartments are sized to withstand all hydrostatic pressure without flooding the same. It is usually divided into 5 or 6 levels of watertight compartments separated by covers and each of these It is further subdivided into another 4 by radial bulkheads.

El tanque situado a la altura de la flotación dispone usualmente de doble casco o mamparos dobles ("cofferdams") para minimizar el volumen inundable en caso de colisión con otro buque. En cualquier caso lo usual es que sólo el nivel más bajo de tanques esté inundado con una cantidad variable de lastre dependiendo de la condición de carga de la plataforma, quedando el resto vacíos.The tank located at the height of the flotation usually has double hulls or double bulkheads ("cofferdams") to minimize flood volume in case of collision with another ship. In any case, the usual thing is that only the lowest level of tanks is flooded with a variable amount of ballast depending on the loading condition of the platform, leaving the rest empty.

La sección intermedia se extiende a partir de la base inferior del "hard tank" para dotar del calado de diseño a la estructura. En las "spar" clásicas éste no era sino una extensión de la chapa que constituye el forro exterior del tanque superior sin apenas ninguna estructura interna. Los escantillones de este cuerpo central se dimensionan a partir de los momentos flectores a resistir durante la fase de adrizamiento tras el remolque hasta el punto de emplazamiento final. En una posterior evolución se reemplazó este cuerpo central por una estructura en celosía menos pesada y de construcción más simple y barata.The intermediate section extends from the lower base of the "hard tank" to provide design draft to the structure. In the classic "spar" this was only a extension of the sheet that constitutes the outer lining of the tank superior with hardly any internal structure. The escantillones of this central body are dimensioned from the moment flectors to resist during the phase of adrizamiento after the trailer to the final location point. In a later evolution this central body was replaced by a structure in less heavy lattice and simpler and cheaper construction.

Existen otros conceptos de sistemas flotantes, distintos al "spar", tales como, por ejemplo, el TLP (Tension Leg Platform) y el semisumergible.There are other concepts of floating systems, other than "spar", such as, for example, the TLP (Tension Leg Platform) and the semi-submersible.

       \newpage\ newpage
    

El TLP (Tension Leg Platform) está verticalmente sujeto, mediante ataduras tensionadas al suelo marino, de esta forma evita el movimiento ascensional ("heave") y las rotaciones de los ejes contenidos en el plano de la superficie marina ("pitch and roll")The TLP (Tension Leg Platform) is vertically subject, by means of tensions attached to the sea floor, of this form prevents the ascensional movement ("heave") and rotations of the axes contained in the surface plane marina ("pitch and roll")

El semisumergible es una estructura flotante con una gran cubierta, de la que salen varias columnas que conectan bajo el agua con elementos flotantes horizontales (llamados pontones).The semi-submersible is a floating structure with a large deck, from which several columns connect underwater with horizontal floating elements (called pontoons)

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

En la presente memoria se describe un sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, estando basado en una estructura flotante tipo boya "spar" que mantiene el centro de gravedad por debajo del centro de flotación, de forma que el
sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica comprende una estructura flotante tipo "spar" en la que se integra:
A marine electrical energy production system is described herein, being based on a "spar" buoyant floating structure that maintains the center of gravity below the center of flotation, so that the
Marine electric power production system comprises a floating structure type "spar" in which it integrates:

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un dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica a través del viento, y/o;a production device of electrical energy through the wind, and / or;

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un dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las olas, y/o;a production device of electrical energy through the waves, and / or;

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un dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.a production device of Electric power through sea currents.

Así, el sistema propuesto presenta la ventaja de que los diferentes dispositivos de producción de energía eléctrica, independientemente o combinados entre sí, se integran en una única estructura flotante tipo "spar", a la vez que presenta una gran simplicidad. Al integrarse en una sóla estructura flotante tipo "spar", se obtienen sinergias, tanto en la construcción como en el aprovechamiento de los distintos componentes de los dispositivos integrados en la misma.Thus, the proposed system has the advantage of that the different electric power production devices,  independently or combined with each other, they are integrated into a single floating structure type "spar", while presenting a large  simplicity When integrated into a single floating structure type "spar", synergies are obtained, both in construction and in taking advantage of the different components of the integrated devices in it.

El dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica a través del viento, se define por un aerogenerador.The power production device electric through the wind, is defined by a wind turbine.

El dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las olas, se define por unos generadores verticales, los cuales pueden ser generadores eléctricos lineales, dispositivos de compresión de aire que tengan un generador eléctrico acoplado o unos dispositivos de compresión de agua marina o fluidos que tengan un generador acoplado a una turbina como dispositivo final.The power production device electric through the waves, is defined by some generators vertical, which can be linear electric generators, air compression devices that have a generator electric coupled or seawater compression devices or fluids that have a generator coupled to a turbine such as final device

Los generadores verticales quedan montados entre dos plataformas, pudiendo tratarse de generadores eléctricos lineales o unos compresores de aire, agua marina, u otro fluido, a nivel del agua, constituidos por unos elementos cilíndricos y su correspondiente flotador desplazable a lo largo de él por la acción de las olas, generando electricidad si se trata de un generador eléctrico o comprimiendo el fluido correspondiente si se trata de unos compresores.Vertical generators are mounted between two platforms, being able to be electric generators linear or compressors of air, seawater, or other fluid, to water level, consisting of cylindrical elements and their corresponding float movable along it by action of the waves, generating electricity if it is a generator electric or compressing the corresponding fluid if it's Some compressors

La plataforma superior de montaje de los generadores verticales queda a una altura tal del nivel del agua que las olas no llegan a contactar con él.The top mounting platform of the vertical generators are at such a height of the water level that the waves do not get to contact him.

El sistema incorpora una electrónica de potencia (controladores) necesaria para la adecuación de las señales eléctricas generadas, según la aplicación final de la energía generada.The system incorporates a power electronics  (controllers) necessary for the adequacy of the signals generated electric, according to the final application of energy generated.

Asimismo, el dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas se define por, al menos, un brazo solidario a la estructura flotante por debajo del nivel de agua, dotado de una hélice giratoria.Also, the production device of Electric power through marine currents is defined by, at least one arm attached to the floating structure below of the water level, equipped with a rotating propeller.

El sistema puede incorporar, al menos, un controlador que adecua e integra las señales de los distintos generadores del sistema, en una sola señal.The system can incorporate at least one controller that adapts and integrates the signals of the different system generators, in a single signal.

Igualmente, el sistema puede incorporar, en proximidad a la estructura flotante, una piscifactoría junto al propio dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas, permitiendo darle un valor añadido a la instalación, tanto económico como ecológico.Likewise, the system can incorporate, in proximity to the floating structure, a fish farm next to the own wave energy use device, allowing to add value to the installation, both Economic as ecological.

Asimismo, el sistema es susceptible de incorporar un dispositivo de producción de hidrógeno mediante electrólisis de agua, de forma que con la energía eléctrica producida, y mediante la electrónica de potencia adecuada y un dispositivo electrolizador, se obtendrá hidrógeno puro para diversos usos.Also, the system is susceptible to incorporate a hydrogen production device by water electrolysis, so that with electrical energy produced, and through the appropriate power electronics and a electrolyzer device, pure hydrogen will be obtained for various uses

El agua pura que necesita el electrolizador para producir hidrógeno, se podrá obtener mediante la incorporación de un dispositivo de desalación de agua marina, integrado, igualmente, en el propio sistema.The pure water that the electrolyser needs to produce hydrogen, can be obtained by incorporating a seawater desalination device, also integrated In the system itself.

Con objeto de generar energía eléctrica para autoconsumo el sistema puede incorporar unas placas fotovoltaicas, permitiendo que sea autónomo.In order to generate electricity for self-consumption the system can incorporate photovoltaic panels, allowing it to be autonomous.

En la presente memoria también se describe un método de instalación, que, además, permite y facilita el mantenimiento del sistema.Also described herein is a installation method, which also allows and facilitates the system maintenance.

Así, el método de instalación se basa en la construcción del sistema completo en puerto, el posterior arrastre en flotación del conjunto hasta el emplazamiento elegido y la final sujeción al fondo marino, mediante cadenas u otros dispositivos de fondeo.Thus, the installation method is based on the construction of the complete system in port, the subsequent drag in floating of the set to the chosen site and the final subject to the seabed, by chains or other devices anchoring

Además, el método de instalación propuesto facilita el mantenimiento y se basa en la idea de que, en caso de avería grave, se sueltan los dispositivos de fondeo, se arrastra el sistema a puerto y se realizan las labores de reparación, posteriormente se lleva nuevamente al emplazamiento y se vuelve a sujetar con el sistema de fondeo.In addition, the proposed installation method facilitates maintenance and is based on the idea that, in case of serious breakdown, the anchoring devices are released, the system to port and repair work is carried out, subsequently it is taken back to the site and returned to fasten with the anchoring system.

Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar, y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, de un juego de planos, en cuyas figuras de forma ilustrativa y no limitativa, se representan los detalles más característicos de la invención.To complement the description that then it will be done, and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention is accompanied by the present descriptive report, of a set of planes, in whose figures in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the more characteristic details of the invention.

Breve descripción de los diseñosBrief description of the designs

Figura 1. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un aerogenerador productor de la energía eléctrica a través del viento.Figure 1. Shows a perspective view of an installation of an energy producing system, being based in a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates a wind turbine producing electric power to through the wind

Figura 2. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las olas.Figure 2. Shows a perspective view of an installation of an energy producing system, being based in a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates an electric power producing device through waves.

Figura 3. Muestra una vista frontal de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.Figure 3. Shows a front view of a installation of an energy producing system, based on a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates an electric power producing device through The sea currents.

Figura 4. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un aerogenerador productor de energía eléctrica a través del viento y un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las olas.Figure 4. Shows a perspective view of an installation of an energy producing system, being based in a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates a wind turbine producing electricity through of the wind and a device producing electricity through wave.

Figura 5. Muestra una vista frontal de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un aerogenerador productor de energía eléctrica a través del viento y un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las olas.Figure 5. Shows a front view of a installation of an energy producing system, based on a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates a wind turbine producing electricity through of the wind and a device producing electricity through wave.

Figura 6. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un aerogenerador productor de energía eléctrica a través del viento y un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.Figure 6. Shows a perspective view of an installation of an energy producing system, being based in a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates a wind turbine producing electricity through of the wind and a device producing electricity through of sea currents.

Figura 7. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una instalación de un sistema productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las olas y un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.Figure 7. Shows a perspective view of an installation of an energy producing system, being based in a floating structure that integrates a "spar" type buoy, and incorporates an electric power producing device through the waves and an electric power producing device through of sea currents.

Figura 8. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una instalación de un sistema global productor de energía, estando basado en una estructura flotante que integra una boya tipo "spar", e incorpora un aerogenerador, un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las olas y un dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas basado en unos brazos dotados de unas hélices.Figure 8. Shows a perspective view of an installation of a global energy producing system, being based on a floating structure that integrates a buoy type "spar", and incorporates a wind turbine, a producing device of electrical energy through the waves and a device electric power producer through sea currents based on arms endowed with propellers.

Figura 9. Muestra una vista en detalle de la zona exterior del dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas basado en unos generadores verticales.Figure 9. Shows a detailed view of the outer area of the energy use device of the waves based on vertical generators.

Figura 10. Muestra un esquema general de la instalación, pudiendo observar un aerogenerador y un sistema de aprovechamiento de las olas, cada uno con su correspondiente electrónica de potencia.Figure 10. Shows a general outline of the installation, being able to observe a wind turbine and a system of use of the waves, each with its corresponding power electronics

Figura 11. Muestra un esquema general de la instalación, pudiendo observar un aerogenerador, un sistema de aprovechamiento de las olas y un controlador común para ambos dispositivos.Figure 11. Shows a general scheme of the installation, being able to observe a wind turbine, a system of use of the waves and a common controller for both dispositives.

Figura 12. Muestra un detalle esquemático de los generadores lineales con movimiento relativo del elemento flotador respecto del cuerpo cilíndrico por la acción de las olas.Figure 12. Shows a schematic detail of the  linear generators with relative movement of the float element respect to the cylindrical body by the action of the waves.

Figura 13. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la instalación, en la que están situadas unas placas fotovoltaicas en la parte superior del aerogenerador.Figure 13. Shows a perspective view of the installation, in which photovoltaic panels are located at the top of the wind turbine.

Figura 14. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la instalación, con una piscifactoria integrada junto al sistema de aprovechamiento de las olas.Figure 14. Shows a perspective view of the installation, with an integrated fish farm next to the system use of the waves.

Figura 15. Muestra un detalle esquemático del proceso de conversión de agua marina en hidrógeno.Figure 15. Shows a schematic detail of the process of converting seawater into hydrogen.

Descripción de una realización preferenteDescription of a preferred embodiment

A la vista de las comentadas figuras y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada podemos observar como el sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, se basa en una estructura 1 flotante tipo boya "spar" que mantiene el centro de gravedad por debajo del centro de flotación, cuya estructura 1 flotante integra, al menos, un dispositivo de producción de energía eléctrica, el cual puede estar basado en un aerogenerador 2 que aprovecha el viento y/o un dispositivo 3 de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las olas y/o un dispositivo 12 de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.In view of the commented figures and of according to the numbering adopted we can observe how the system Marine electric power production, is based on a structure 1 floating buoy type "spar" that keeps the center of gravity below the center of flotation, whose structure 1 floating integrates at least one energy production device electric, which can be based on a wind turbine 2 that take advantage of the wind and / or an energy production device 3 electric through the waves and / or a production device 12 of electrical energy through marine currents.

De esta forma, la estructura 1 flotante tipo boya "spar" podrá montar aquel o aquellos dispositivos de producción energética más convenientes de acuerdo a las condiciones ambientales y marítimas existentes en el lugar de instalación para un óptimo rendimiento energético.In this way, the floating structure type 1 buoy "spar" may mount that or those devices of more convenient energy production according to the conditions environmental and maritime existing at the installation site for Optimum energy efficiency.

Así, la estructura 1 flotante tipo boya "spar" podrá montar un único dispositivo productor de energía eléctrica de los citados previamente o cualquier combinación de ellos.Thus, the buoy-type floating structure 1 "spar" can mount a single power producing device electric of the aforementioned or any combination of they.

Por otra parte, cada uno de los dispositivos de producción de energía eléctrica que incorpore la estructura 1 flotante dispondrá de su correspondiente electrónica de potencia (controladores). Esta electrónica de potencia tiene la misión de adecuar la señal de salida del dispositivo correspondiente a las características que requiere la salida del sistema.On the other hand, each of the devices electric power production incorporating structure 1 floating will have its corresponding power electronics (drivers). This power electronics has the mission of adapt the output signal of the corresponding device to the characteristics that the system exit requires.

Así, a modo de ejemplo, en una primera ejecución práctica de la invención, tal como se observa en la figura 10 de los diseños, cada uno de los dispositivos de producción de energía 2 y 3 a través del viento y de las olas, respectivamente, dispone de su electrónica de potencia 4 y 5, mientras que en una segunda ejecución práctica, tal como se observa en la figura 11 de los diseños, la electrónica de potencia individual para cada dispositivo 2 y 3 de aprovechamiento energético del viento y las olas es sustituido por un solo controlador 15 a la salida de los mismos, el cual realiza la misma función de adaptación de la señal. Esto es extensible a cualquier combinación de dispositivos de producción energética.Thus, by way of example, in a first run practice of the invention, as seen in figure 10 of the designs, each of the energy production devices 2 and 3 through wind and waves, respectively, have of its power electronics 4 and 5, while in a second practical execution, as seen in figure 11 of the designs, individual power electronics for each device 2 and 3 for energy use of wind and waves is replaced by a single controller 15 at the exit of the same, which performs the same signal adaptation function. This is extensible to any combination of devices energy production

En una realización preferente la salida del sistema puede estar conectada, a través de un transformador o directamente a una red de evacuación eléctrica, según la tensión a la que se produzca electricidad con este sistema.In a preferred embodiment the exit of the system can be connected, through a transformer or directly to an electrical evacuation network, according to the voltage to the one that produces electricity with this system.

Respecto al sistema de aprovechamiento de las olas, como puede verse, por ejemplo en las figuras 2 y 9, constará de generadores dispuestos verticalmente, situados entre una plataforma 8 superior y una plataforma 9 inferior.Regarding the system of exploitation of waves, as can be seen, for example in figures 2 and 9, will consist of vertically arranged generators, located between a upper platform 8 and a lower platform 9.

Estos generadores pueden ser lineales de generación eléctrica directa o sistemas de compresión de aire con una segunda etapa de expansión del aire, y generando electricidad, o sistemas de compresión de agua marina/fluidos con un generador eléctrico acoplado a una turbina en su fase final.These generators can be linear from direct power generation or air compression systems with a second stage of air expansion, and generating electricity, or seawater / fluid compression systems with a generator electric coupled to a turbine in its final phase.

En la figura 9 se puede ver un detalle de los generadores de disposición vertical, los cuales se constituyen por un eje central 6, que se extiende entre las dos plataformas 9 y 8 inferior y superior, respectivamente, y de un flotador 7 con menor extensión, que a través de su movimiento relativo (ascendenteldescendente) genera electricidad en el caso del generador lineal o comprime aire/líquidos/fluidos en el caso del sistema de compresión.In figure 9 you can see a detail of the vertical layout generators, which are constituted by a central axis 6, which extends between the two platforms 9 and 8 lower and upper, respectively, and of a float 7 with smaller extension, which through its relative movement (ascending descending) generates electricity in the case of linear generator or compresses air / liquids / fluids in the case of compression system

La plataforma superior 8 deberá estar a una altura determinada de la superficie del agua 10 para no ser impactada nunca por las olas, debido a la gran carga que tendrían que soportar en tal caso.The upper platform 8 should be at a determined height of the water surface 10 so as not to be never hit by the waves, due to the great load they would have What to endure in such a case.

Debido a esto, entre la plataforma superior 8 y la plataforma inferior 9 tendrá que haber una distancia determinada para poder evitar los impactos, que vendrá dada en función de las condiciones oceanográficas propias de cada emplazamiento, lo que implica que toda esta zona tendrá una función estructural, y por tanto, tendrá que ser calculada acorde a esto.Because of this, between the upper platform 8 and the lower platform 9 will have to be a certain distance in order to avoid the impacts, which will be given according to the oceanographic conditions of each site, which implies that this whole area will have a structural function, and by Therefore, it will have to be calculated accordingly.

El sistema dispondrá de medios de fondeo 11 para el posicionado, con el objeto de no sufrir cambios significativos en la localización del sistema.The system will have funding means 11 for the positioned, in order not to undergo significant changes in the location of the system.

Tal como se ha indicado en una realización práctica se puede integrar un dispositivo 12 de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes (como puede verse en la figura 3) de tal manera que se dispongan 2 dispositivos simétricamente colocados respecto de la estructura flotante, y dispuestos bajo el nivel 10 del agua, así como también pueden disponerse placas fotovoltaicas 13 que generen electricidad para el consumo propio del sistema, como puede verse en la figura 13.As indicated in one embodiment practice a device 12 can be integrated energy of the currents (as can be seen in figure 3) of such that 2 symmetrically placed devices are arranged with respect to the floating structure, and arranged under level 10 of water, as well as photovoltaic panels 13 that generate electricity for the system's own consumption, as can be seen in figure 13.

En una realización preferente se instala una piscifactoría 14 junto al sistema 3 de producción energética mediante olas, lo que permite dar un valor añadido a la instalación, tanto económico como ecológico.In a preferred embodiment, a fish farm 14 next to the energy production system 3 through waves, which allows to add value to the installation, both economic and ecological.

Además, puede añadirse un sistema de producción de hidrógeno mediante electrólisis, tal como se observa en la figura 15 de los diseños, de forma que con la electricidad producida, y mediante la electrónica de potencia adecuada y un dispositivo electrolizador, se obtiene hidrógeno puro para diversos usos.In addition, a production system can be added of hydrogen by electrolysis, as seen in the Figure 15 of the designs, so that with electricity produced, and through the appropriate power electronics and a electrolyzer device, pure hydrogen is obtained for various applications.

El agua pura, que necesita el electrolizador 16 para producir hidrógeno, se puede obtener mediante un dispositivo 17 de desalado (planta desatadora) de agua marina integrado dentro de todo el sistema global.Pure water, which needs the electrolyser 16 to produce hydrogen, it can be obtained by a device 17 desalination (desalination plant) of seawater integrated into of the entire global system.

Como realización preferente también se describe un método de instalación, mediante el cual se facilita el mantenimiento del sistema que se trata.As a preferred embodiment, it is also described an installation method, by which the system maintenance in question.

El método de instalación se basa en la construcción del sistema completo en puerto, el posterior arrastre en flotación del conjunto hasta el emplazamiento elegido y la final sujeción al fondo marino, mediante cadenas 11 u otros medios de fondeo.The installation method is based on the construction of the complete system in port, the subsequent drag in floating of the set to the chosen site and the final subject to the seabed, by chains 11 or other means of anchoring

Asimismo, mediante el método propuesto se facilitan las tareas de mantenimiento, ya que, en caso de avería grave, se sueltan los medios de fondeo, se arrastra el sistema a puerto y se realizan las labores de reparación, posteriormente se lleva nuevamente al emplazamiento y se vuelve a sujetar con los medios de fondeo.Likewise, through the proposed method, facilitate maintenance, since, in case of breakdown serious, the funding means are released, the system is dragged to port and repair work is carried out, subsequently takes you back to the site and restrains with the funding means.

Claims (13)

1. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, estando basado en una estructura flotante tipo boya "spar" que mantiene el centro de gravedad por debajo del centro de flotación, caracterizado porque el sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica comprende una estructura flotante (1) tipo "spar" en la que se integra:1. Marine electrical energy production system, being based on a floating spar "spar" structure that keeps the center of gravity below the center of flotation, characterized in that the marine electrical energy production system comprises a floating structure (1 ) type "spar" in which it is integrated:
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un dispositivo (2) de producción de energía eléctrica a través del viento, y/o;a production device (2) of electrical energy through the wind, and / or;
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un dispositivo (3) de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las olas, y/o;a production device (3) of electrical energy through the waves, and / or;
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un dispositivo (12) de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas.a device (12) of electric power production through the currents Marine
2. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el dispositivo (2) de producción de energía eléctrica a través del viento, se define por un aerogenerador.2. Marine electrical energy production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (2) for producing electrical energy through the wind is defined by a wind turbine. 3. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el dispositivo (3) de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las olas, se define por, al menos, un generador eléctrico lineal y/o una turbina de aire y/o una turbina de agua marina y/o una turbina de un fluido determinado.3. Marine electrical energy production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (3) for producing electrical energy through waves is defined by at least one linear electric generator and / or an air turbine and / or a turbine of seawater and / or a turbine of a particular fluid. 4. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicaciones 1ª y 3ª, caracterizado porque los generadores verticales (6-7) quedan montados entre dos plataformas (8-9), pudiendo tratarse de un generador eléctrico lineal o unos compresores de aire, a nivel del agua, constituidos por unos elementos cilíndricos (6) y su correspondiente flotador (7) desplazable a lo largo de 61, por la acción de las olas, generando electricidad si se trata de un generador eléctrico o comprimiendo aire si se trata de unos compresores de aire, compresión de agua marina u otros fluidos.4. Marine electrical power production system, according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the vertical generators (6-7) are mounted between two platforms (8-9), being able to be a linear electric generator or air compressors, at the water level, constituted by cylindrical elements (6) and their corresponding float (7) movable along 61, by the action of the waves, generating electricity if it is an electric generator or compressing air if it is air compressors, seawater compression or other fluids. 5. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 4ª, caracterizado porque la plataforma (8) superior de montaje de los generadores verticales (6-7) queda a una altura tal del nivel (10) del agua que las olas no llegan a contactar con M.5. Marine electrical power production system, according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper mounting platform (8) of the vertical generators (6-7) is at such a height as the level (10) of the water that the waves do not reach to contact M. 6. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el dispositivo (12) de producción de energía eléctrica a través de las corrientes marinas se define por, al menos, un brazo solidario a la estructura flotante por debajo del nivel (10) de agua, dotado de una hélice giratoria.6. Marine electrical energy production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (12) for producing electrical energy through sea currents is defined by at least one arm integral to the floating structure below the level (10) of water, equipped with a rotating propeller. 7. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el sistema incorpora, al menos, un controlador que adecua e integra las señales de los distintos generadores del sistema, en una sola señal.7. Marine electrical power production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the system incorporates at least one controller that adapts and integrates the signals of the different generators of the system into a single signal. 8. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el sistema incorpora una piscifactoría (14) junto al propio dispositivo flotante.8. Marine electrical power production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the system incorporates a fish farm (14) next to the floating device itself. 9. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el sistema incorpora un dispositivo (16) de producción de hidrógeno mediante electrólisis de agua.9. Marine electrical energy production system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system incorporates a device (16) for producing hydrogen by means of water electrolysis. 10. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el sistema incorpora un dispositivo (17) de desalación de agua marina, obteniendo agua pura, para ciertas aplicaciones, como la producción de hidrógeno.10. Marine electrical energy production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the system incorporates a seawater desalination device (17), obtaining pure water, for certain applications, such as hydrogen production. 11. Sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque el sistema incorpora unas placas fotovoltaicas (13) que proporcionan energía eléctrica para los diferentes sistemas de control, instrumentación, registro y transmisión de datos.11. Marine electrical energy production system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the system incorporates photovoltaic panels (13) that provide electrical energy for the different control, instrumentation, recording and data transmission systems. 12. Método de instalación del sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, de acuerdo con las reivindicaciones 1ª a 11ª, caracterizado porque el sistema se construye totalmente en puerto, posteriormente es arrastrado en flotación hasta el emplazamiento elegido, y, finalmente, se sujeta al fondo marino con medios (11) de fondeo.12. Method of installation of the marine system for the production of electrical energy, according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the system is built entirely in port, then it is dragged in flotation to the chosen location, and, finally, it is attached to the seabed with funding means (11). 13. Método de instalación del sistema marino de producción de energía eléctrica, según reivindicación 12ª, caracterizado porque en el caso de avería grave, se sueltan los medios (11) de fondeo, se arrastra en flotación el sistema hasta puerto, se realizan las labores de reparación, y, finalmente, se vuelve a llevar hasta el emplazamiento y se vuelve a sujetar con los medios (11) de fondeo.13. Method of installation of the marine system for the production of electric energy, according to claim 12, characterized in that in the case of a serious breakdown, the anchoring means (11) are released, the system is floated to the port, the work is carried out of repair, and, finally, it is taken back to the site and it is restrained with the means (11) of anchorage.
ES200703172A 2007-11-29 2007-11-29 MARINE SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION AND INSTALLATION METHOD. Active ES2301445B1 (en)

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