ES2301443B1 - WATER RESOURCES MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AT SEA, ENERGY PRODUCER AND INSTALLATION METHOD. - Google Patents
WATER RESOURCES MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AT SEA, ENERGY PRODUCER AND INSTALLATION METHOD. Download PDFInfo
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- ES2301443B1 ES2301443B1 ES200703020A ES200703020A ES2301443B1 ES 2301443 B1 ES2301443 B1 ES 2301443B1 ES 200703020 A ES200703020 A ES 200703020A ES 200703020 A ES200703020 A ES 200703020A ES 2301443 B1 ES2301443 B1 ES 2301443B1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- F03D11/00—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Sistema de medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, productor de energía y método de instalación.Wind resource measurement system in the Sea, energy producer and installation method.
El sistema de medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, de la presente invención está basado en una estructura flotante tipo boya "spar" fijada por un dispositivo de fondeo para mantener su posición y estando provista de instrumentación que registra el movimiento de la estructura para corregir las mediciones de viento, de forma que la estructura (1) flotante, instalada en aguas profundas, incorpora: al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o; al menos, una estación meteorológica, un dispositivo (5) de aprovechamiento energético de las olas, y/o; un dispositivo (12) de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes; siendo utilizada la energía generada para abastecer a los diferentes sistemas de control, instrumentación, registro y transmisión de datos.The wind resource measurement system in the sea, of the present invention is based on a floating structure type "spar" buoy fixed by a funding device for maintain its position and being provided with instrumentation that records the movement of the structure to correct the measurements of wind, so that the structure (1) floating, installed in deep water, incorporates: at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, and / or; at least one weather station, a device (5) for energy use of waves, and / or; a device (12) for energy use of currents; the energy generated being used to supply the different control, instrumentation, registration and data transmission.
Description
Sistema de medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, productor de energía y método de instalación.Wind resource measurement system in the Sea, energy producer and installation method.
La siguiente invención, según se expresa en el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un sistema de medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, productor de energía y método de instalación, estando basado en una estructura flotante para instalar en aguas profundas y provista de instrumentación que registra el movimiento de la estructura, en sus distintas componentes, para corregir las mediciones de viento realizadas a nivel de montaje de una turbina eólica marina, esto es, a, al menos, una altura de 50 m.The following invention, as expressed in the set forth herein, refers to a wind resource measurement system at sea, producer of energy and installation method, being based on a structure floating to install in deep water and provided with instrumentation that records the movement of the structure, in its different components, to correct wind measurements made at the assembly level of a marine wind turbine, this It is at least 50 m high.
Asimismo, otro objeto de la invención es la producción de energía por el aprovechamiento energético de las olas y de las corrientes marinas.Also, another object of the invention is the energy production by the energy use of waves and sea currents.
Igualmente, el sistema puede incorporar unas placas fotovoltáicas con objeto de generar energía eléctrica para el consumo propio del sistema, y, asimismo, el sistema puede incorporar, en proximidad a la estructura flotante, una piscifactoría.Likewise, the system can incorporate some photovoltaic plates in order to generate electricity for the system's own consumption, and, likewise, the system can incorporate, in proximity to the floating structure, a fish farm.
Otro objeto de la invención es la presentación de un método de instalación del sistema que facilita el mantenimiento del mismo.Another object of the invention is the presentation of a system installation method that facilitates the maintenance of it.
En la presente memoria se describe un sistema de medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, productor de energía y un método de instalación, siendo de especial aplicación para su instalación en aguas profundas realizando las mediciones de viento a nivel de montaje de una turbina eólica marina, esto es, a, al menos, una altura de 50 m.This system describes a system of measurement of wind resources at sea, energy producer and a installation method, being of special application for deep water installation performing wind measurements at the assembly level of a marine wind turbine, that is, at, at less, a height of 50 m.
Con objeto de medir el viento sobre el mar son conocidos diferentes sistemas basados, todos ellos, en mediciones en aguas poco profundas, pero ninguno en aguas profundas y a una altura equivalente al montaje de una turbina eólica, esto es, a, al menos, 50 metros.In order to measure the wind over the sea are known different systems based, all of them, on measurements in shallow water, but none in deep water and at a height equivalent to the assembly of a wind turbine, that is, a, at less, 50 meters.
Así, la solución usual es poner un mástil sobre un mono-pilote clavado en el fondo marino, de forma que este sistema conlleva un impacto en la fauna marina muy alto, debido al ruido en la fase de construcción.Thus, the usual solution is to put a mast on a monkey-pile nailed to the seabed, so that this system has an impact on very high marine fauna, due to noise in the construction phase.
Además existen anemómetros sobre boyas y barcos flotantes, pero siempre con una altura máxima de 10 metros, y situados sobre estructuras que distorsionan las medidas de viento, como puede ser un barco o una plataforma petrolífera.There are also anemometers on buoys and boats floating, but always with a maximum height of 10 meters, and located on structures that distort wind measurements, such as a ship or an oil rig.
Asimismo, son conocidos otros sistemas como el LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) o el SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging) para medición de viento, de forma que el sistema LIDAR necesita una provisión de agua pura para limpiar la lente, que es difícil de proporcionar en el mar y el sistema SODAR necesita mantenimiento y electricidad y tiene problemas con el movimiento y con la precisión de la medida.Likewise, other systems such as the LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) or the SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, from so that the LIDAR system needs a supply of pure water to clean the lens, which is difficult to provide at sea and the SODAR system needs maintenance and electricity and has problems with movement and measurement accuracy.
Igualmente, podemos hacer referencia a las denominadas boyas "spar" de pequeña altura que son utilizadas para medir los parámetros del mar, incluyendo las características del viento, pero debido a la variabilidad del viento entre la superficie y la altura adecuada (estimable en más de 50 metros), y por la estabilidad del aire, es poco aconsejable utilizar este sistema para los parques eólicos.Likewise, we can refer to the called small spar buoys that are used to measure the parameters of the sea, including the characteristics of the wind, but due to the variability of the wind between the surface and adequate height (estimated at more than 50 meters), and Due to the stability of the air, it is not advisable to use this system for wind farms.
El sistema de boyas de flotación "spar" se refiere a sistemas flotantes que mantienen el centro de gravedad por debajo del centro de flotación, consiguiendo así la estabilidad deseada y suelen ser sistemas esbeltos.The buoyancy buoyancy system "spar" is refers to floating systems that maintain the center of gravity below the center of flotation, thus achieving stability desired and are usually slender systems.
Las partes básicas de una boya flotante "spar" incluye:The basic parts of a floating buoy "spar" includes:
1) Estructura superior.1) Upper structure.
2) Tanque de lastre superior ("hard tank").2) Upper ballast tank ("hard tank ").
3) Sección intermedia (configuración cilíndrica ciega o en celosía).3) Intermediate section (cylindrical configuration blind or lattice).
4) Tanque de lastre inferior ("soft tank").4) Lower ballast tank ("soft tank ").
La estructura superior consta habitualmente de una configuración multi-nivel de cubiertas para así conseguir un área de trabajo suficiente, minimizando al mismo tiempo las superficies en voladizo.The upper structure usually consists of a multi-level roof configuration for this get a sufficient work area, minimizing it Cantilever surfaces time.
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El tanque de lastre superior es el encargado de aportar la reserva de flotabilidad suficiente para soportar el peso de los demás elementos, ya que ninguno de ellos tendría flotabilidad positiva por sí mismo. El término "hard tank" viene del hecho de que sus compartimentos están dimensionados para soportar toda la presión hidrostática sin necesidad de inundar los mismos. Habitualmente está dividido en 5 ó 6 niveles de compartimentos estancos separados por cubiertas y cada uno de estos se subdivide a su vez en otros 4 mediante mamparos radiales. El tanque situado a la altura de la flotación dispone usualmente de doble casco o mamparos dobles ("cofferdams") para minimizar el volumen de llenado de agua en caso de colisión con otro buque. En cualquier caso lo usual es que sólo el nivel más bajo de tanques esté inundado con una cantidad variable de lastre dependiendo de la condición de carga de la plataforma, quedando el resto vacíos.The upper ballast tank is responsible for provide sufficient buoyancy reserve to support the weight of the other elements, since none of them would have positive buoyancy by itself. The term "hard tank" it comes from the fact that its compartments are sized to withstand all hydrostatic pressure without flooding the same. It is usually divided into 5 or 6 levels of watertight compartments separated by covers and each of these It is further subdivided into another 4 by radial bulkheads. He tank located at the height of the flotation usually has double hull or double bulkheads ("cofferdams") to minimize the water filling volume in case of collision with another vessel. In In any case, it is usual that only the lowest level of tanks is flooded with a variable amount of ballast depending on the loading condition of the platform, leaving the rest empty.
La sección intermedia se extiende a partir de la base inferior del "hard tank" para dotar del calado de diseño a la estructura.The intermediate section extends from the lower base of the "hard tank" to provide design draft to the structure.
En las "spar" clásicas éste no era sino una extensión de la chapa que constituye el forro exterior del tanque superior sin apenas ninguna estructura interna.In the classic "spar" this was only a extension of the sheet that constitutes the outer lining of the tank superior with hardly any internal structure.
Los escantillones de este cuerpo central se dimensionan a partir de los momentos flectores a resistir durante la fase de adrizamiento tras el remolque hasta el punto de emplazamiento final. En una posterior evolución se reemplazó este cuerpo central por una estructura en celosía menos pesada y de construcción más simple y barata.The escantillones of this central body are dimension from the bending moments to resist during the phase of adrizamiento after the trailer to the point of final location In a later evolution this was replaced central body by a less heavy lattice structure and of Simpler and cheaper construction.
Existen otros conceptos de sistemas flotantes, distintos al "spar", como pueden ser, por ejemplo, el TLP ("Tension Leg Platform") y el semisumergible.There are other concepts of floating systems, other than "spar", such as, for example, the TLP ("Tension Leg Platform") and the semi-submersible.
El sistema TLP está verticalmente sujeto, mediante ataduras tensionadas al suelo marino, de esta forma evita el movimiento ascensional (heave) y las rotaciones de los ejes contenidos en el plano de la superficie marina ("pitch and roll").The TLP system is vertically attached, by means of tensions attached to the sea floor, in this way avoids the upward movement (heave) and the rotations of the axes contents in the plane of the marine surface ("pitch and roll ").
El sistema semisumergible es una estructura flotante con una gran cubierta, de la que salen varias columnas que conectan bajo el agua con elementos flotantes horizontales (llamados pontones).The semi-submersible system is a structure floating with a large deck, from which several columns come out that connect underwater with horizontal floating elements (called pontoons).
La instrumentación depende de la precisión que se quiera y del coste que se esté dispuesto a asumir. La solución del giróscopo es cara, y el elemento es pesado y grande.The instrumentation depends on the accuracy that you want and the cost you are willing to bear. The solution The gyroscope is expensive, and the element is heavy and large.
Igualmente, existen acelerómetros lineales, acelerómetros angulares, inclinómetros y GPS (Global Positioning System).There are also linear accelerometers, angular accelerometers, inclinometers and GPS (Global Positioning System)
El uso de más de un tipo de instrumentación, permite la comprobación de mediciones, y, además, la ubicación de la instrumentación en más de un sitio, por ejemplo la cima de la boya "spar" y la cima del mástil, permite un conocimiento mayor de las características del movimiento.The use of more than one type of instrumentation, it allows the verification of measurements, and, in addition, the location of instrumentation in more than one site, for example the top of the buoy "spar" and the top of the mast, allows a knowledge greater of the characteristics of the movement.
En la presente memoria se describe un sistema de
medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, productor de energía y un
método de instalación, estando basado en una estructura flotante
tipo boya "spar" fijada por un dispositivo de fondeo para
mantener su posición y estando provista de instrumentación que
registra el movimiento de la estructura para corregir las
mediciones de viento, de forma que la estructura flotante,
instalada en aguas profundas,
incorpora:This report describes a system for measuring wind resources at sea, an energy producer and an installation method, being based on a floating structure type "spar" fixed by a anchoring device to maintain its position and being provided of instrumentation that records the movement of the structure to correct wind measurements, so that the floating structure, installed in deep water,
incorporates:
- \bullet?
- al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o; at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, and / or;
- \bullet?
- al menos, una estación meteorológica. at least one station weather
Asimismo, la estructura flotante puede incorporar un mástil de, al menos 50 metros, altura mínima equivalente al posicionamiento de una turbina eólica marina, permitiendo obtener medidas de viento de una gran fiabilidad para valorar la posterior instalación de un parque eólico marino.Also, the floating structure can incorporate a mast of at least 50 meters, minimum height equivalent to the positioning of a offshore wind turbine, allowing to obtain wind measurements of great reliability for assess the subsequent installation of a offshore wind farm.
Además, la estructura flotante puede incorporar unas placas fotovoltáicas generando energía eléctrica a los sistemas de control, instrumentación, registro y transmisión de datos, es decir, para autoconsumo.In addition, the floating structure can incorporate photovoltaic panels generating electrical energy to control, instrumentation, registration and transmission systems of data, that is, for self-consumption.
Igualmente, el sistema puede incorporar una piscifactoría junto al propio dispositivo de aprovechamiento de energía de las olas, permitiendo dar un valor añadido a la instalación, tanto económico como ecológico.Similarly, the system can incorporate a fish farm next to the device of use of wave energy, allowing added value to the installation, both economic and ecological.
El sistema se construye total o parcialmente en puerto, posteriormente es arrastrado en flotación hasta el emplazamiento elegido y finalmente se sujeta al fondo marino con dispositivos de fondeo, de manera que, dicho método de instalación, permite realizar labores de reparación, en el caso de avería grave, para lo cual se sueltan los dispositivos de fondeo, se arrastra en flotación el sistema hasta puerto, se realizan las labores de reparación y finalmente se vuelve a llevar hasta el emplazamiento y se vuelve a sujetar con los dispositivos de fondeo.The system is built totally or partially in port, later it is dragged in floating until the site chosen and finally fastened to the seabed with anchoring devices, so that said installation method, allows repair work, in the case of serious breakdown, for which the anchoring devices are released, it is dragged into flotation the system to port, the work of repair and finally carried back to the site and is restrained with anchoring devices.
Además, en una variante de ejecución practica de la invención, el sistema que se describe permite, además, la producción de energía para lo cual, la estructura flotante, instalada en aguas profundas, incorpora:In addition, in a practical execution variant of the invention, the system described allows, in addition, the energy production for which, the floating structure, installed in deep water, incorporates:
- \bullet?
- al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o; at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, and / or;
- \bullet?
- al menos, una estación meteorológica, y, at least one station meteorological and
- \bullet?
- un dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas, y/o; a device of energy use of waves, and / or;
- \bullet?
- un dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes; a device of energy use of currents;
siendo utilizada la energía generada para abastecer a los diferentes sistemas de control, instrumentación, registro y transmisión de datos, es decir, para autoconsumo.energy being used generated to supply the different control systems, instrumentation, registration and transmission of data, that is, for self-consumption
Además, la estructura flotante puede incorporar un mástil de, al menos 50 metros, altura mínima equivalente al posicionamiento de una turbina eólica marina, permitiendo realizar medidas de viento de una gran fiabilidad.In addition, the floating structure can incorporate a mast of at least 50 meters, minimum height equivalent to positioning of a offshore wind turbine, allowing to perform wind measures of great reliability.
Por otra parte, el dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas, integrado en la estructura flotante, se define por unos generadores verticales, montados entre dos plataformas, pudiendo tratarse de un generador eléctrico lineal o unos compresores de aire, agua marina u otros fluidos.Moreover, the device of energy use of waves, integrated into the structure floating, is defined by vertical generators, mounted between two platforms, being able to be a linear electric generator or some air, seawater or other fluid compressors.
Los generadores verticales montados entre las dos plataformas, a nivel del agua, se definen por unos elementos cilíndricos y su correspondiente flotador desplazable a lo largo de él, por la acción de las olas, generando electricidad si se trata de un generador eléctrico o comprimiendo aire, agua marina u otro fluido si se trata de unos compresores.Vertical generators mounted between two platforms, at the water level, are defined by elements cylindrical and its corresponding movable float along he, by the action of the waves, generating electricity if it is of an electric generator or compressing air, seawater or other fluid if it is a compressor.
La plataforma superior de montaje del mástil y montaje de los generadores verticales entre ella la plataforma inferior, queda a una altura tal del nivel del agua que las olas no llegan a contactar con ella.The upper mast mounting platform and assembly of the vertical generators between it the platform lower, it is at such a height of the water level that the waves do not They get to contact her.
Asimismo, el dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes se define por, al menos, un brazo, por debajo del nivel del agua, que en su extremo libre presenta un dispositivo giratorio.Also, the use device Energetic currents are defined by at least one arm, by below the water level, which at its free end presents a rotating device
En una ejecución preferente dispondrá de una pareja de brazos en posición contrapuesta a la estructura flotante.In a preferred execution you will have a pair of arms in opposite position to the structure floating.
La estructura flotante puede incorporar unas placas fotovoltáicas generando energía eléctrica a los sistemas de control, instrumentación, registro y transmisión de datos, es decir, para autoconsumo.The floating structure can incorporate some photovoltaic plates generating electrical energy to the systems of control, instrumentation, registration and transmission of data, is say, for self consumption.
Igualmente, el sistema puede incorporar una piscifactoría junto a la estructura flotante tipo boya "spar", permitiendo dar un valor añadido a la instalación, tanto económico como ecológico.Similarly, the system can incorporate a fish farm next to the floating structure type "spar", allowing to add value to the installation, both economical as ecological
El sistema se construye total o parcialmente en puerto, posteriormente es arrastrado en flotación hasta el emplazamiento elegido y finalmente se sujeta al fondo marino con dispositivos de fondeo, de manera que el descrito método de instalación permite labores de reparación, ya que, en el caso de avería grave, se sueltan los dispositivos de fondeo, se arrastra en flotación el sistema hasta puerto, se realizan las labores de reparación y finalmente se vuelve a llevar hasta el emplazamiento y se vuelve a sujetar con los dispositivos de fondeo.The system is built totally or partially in port, later it is dragged in floating until the site chosen and finally fastened to the seabed with anchoring devices, so that the described method of installation allows repair work, since, in the case of serious breakdown, anchoring devices are released, creeps on flotation the system to port, the work of repair and finally carried back to the site and is restrained with anchoring devices.
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar, y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, de un juego de planos, en cuyas figuras de forma ilustrativa y no limitativa, se representan los detalles más característicos de la invención.To complement the description that then it will be done, and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention is accompanied by the present descriptive report, of a set of planes, in whose figures in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the more characteristic details of the invention.
Figura 1. Muestra una vista en perspectiva del conjunto de la estructura flotante basada en una boya tipo "spar" y un mástil de gran altura.Figure 1. Shows a perspective view of the set of the floating structure based on a buoy type "spar" and a high-rise mast.
Figura 2. Muestra una vista frontal de la estructura flotante, de la figura anterior.Figure 2. Shows a front view of the floating structure, from the previous figure.
Figura 3. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la estructura flotante, con el dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas integrado.Figure 3. Shows a perspective view of the floating structure, with the use device integrated wave energy.
Figura 4. Muestra una vista frontal de la estructura flotante, con el dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas integrado, dispuesto a ras del nivel del agua.Figure 4. Shows a front view of the floating structure, with the use device energy wave integrated, arranged at the level of the Water.
Figura 5. Muestra una vista en detalle de la zona exterior del dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas basado en unos generadores verticales.Figure 5. Shows a detailed view of the outer area of the energy use device of the waves based on vertical generators.
Figura 6. Muestra una vista en perspectiva del sistema flotante, con el dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes basado en unos brazos dotados de unas hélices giratorias.Figure 6. Shows a perspective view of the floating system, with the device of energy use of the currents based on arms endowed with propellers swivel
Figura 7. Muestra una vista en perspectiva del sistema flotante, con una piscifactoría colocada en su base.Figure 7. Shows a perspective view of the floating system, with a fish farm placed at its base.
Figura 8. Muestra una vista en perspectiva del sistema flotante, con un sistema fotovoltáico integrado.Figure 8. Shows a perspective view of the floating system, with an integrated photovoltaic system.
A la vista de las comentadas figuras y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada podemos observar como el sistema de medición de recursos eólicos en el mar, está basado en una estructura flotante tipo boya "spar" fijada por un dispositivo de fondeo para mantener su posición controlada y estando provista de instrumentación que registra el movimiento de la estructura para corregir las mediciones de viento, de forma que la estructura 1 flotante, instalada en aguas profundas, se conforma por una boya 2 tipo "spar" y un mástil 3.In view of the commented figures and of according to the numbering adopted we can observe how the system of measurement of wind resources at sea, is based on a floating structure type "spar" fixed by a device of funding to maintain its controlled position and being provided of instrumentation that records the movement of the structure to correct wind measurements, so that structure 1 floating, installed in deep water, it is formed by a buoy 2 type "spar" and a mast 3.
Así, la estructura 1 flotante, en una realización preferente, será atracada por, al menos, un medio 4 de fondeo, con objeto de mantenerla sin sufrir cambios significativos en su posición.Thus, the floating structure 1, in a preferred embodiment will be docked by at least a means 4 of funding, in order to maintain it without undergoing significant changes in position
De esta forma, con objeto de efectuar medidas de viento, la estructura 1 flotante podrá incorporar, al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o, al menos, una estación meteorológica.In this way, in order to carry out measures of wind, the floating structure 1 may incorporate at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, and / or at least one station weather
Asimismo, la estructura 1 flotante incorpora un mástil 3 de, al menos 50 metros, altura mínima equivalente al posicionamiento de una turbina eólica marina, permitiendo que las medidas obtenidas sean de una gran fiabilidad.Also, the floating structure 1 incorporates a mast 3 of at least 50 meters, minimum height equivalent to positioning of a offshore wind turbine, allowing the Measures obtained are highly reliable.
Por otra parte, la estructura 1 flotante puede incorporar unas placas fotovoltáicas 15 generando energía eléctrica a los sistemas de control, instrumentación, registro y transmisión de datos, es decir, siendo utilizada para autoconsumo.On the other hand, the floating structure 1 can incorporate photovoltaic plates 15 generating electrical energy to control, instrumentation, registration and transmission systems of data, that is, being used for self-consumption.
Asimismo, el sistema incorpora una piscifactoría 16 junto al propio dispositivo de aprovechamiento de energía de las olas, permitiendo dar un valor añadido a la instalación, tanto económico como ecológico.Also, the system incorporates a fish farm 16 next to the energy use device of the waves, allowing to add value to the installation, both Economic as ecological.
En una variante de ejecución practica, además de medida de viento se puede obtener energía eléctrica para lo cual, la estructura flotante tipo boya "spar" instalada en aguas profundas y fijada por un dispositivo de fondeo para mantener su posición, provista de instrumentación que registra el movimiento de la estructura para corregir las mediciones de viento, puede incorporar:In a practical execution variant, in addition to measure of wind you can get electrical energy for which, the floating structure type "spar" buoy installed in water deep and fixed by a funding device to keep your position, equipped with instrumentation that records the movement of The structure to correct wind measurements, can to incorporate:
- \bullet?
- al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o; at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, and / or;
- \bullet?
- al menos, una estación meteorológica, y, at least one station meteorological and
- \bullet?
- un dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las olas, y/o; a device of energy use of waves, and / or;
- \bullet?
- un dispositivo de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes a device of energy use of currents
de manera que se genera una energía eléctrica para autoconsumo del sistema.so that an energy is generated self-consumption electric system.
Asimismo, la estructura flotante 1 puede incorporar un mástil 3 que tendrá una altura de, al menos, 50 metros, altura equivalente al posicionamiento de una turbina eólica marina, con objeto de poder obtener mediciones del viento con la suficiente seguridad que permita acometer la instalación de un parque eólico marino.Also, the floating structure 1 can incorporate a mast 3 that will have a height of at least 50 meters, height equivalent to the positioning of a wind turbine marine, in order to obtain wind measurements with the sufficient security to allow the installation of a offshore wind farm
El citado mástil 3 dispondrá de la instrumentación precisa para registrar el movimiento de la estructura 1 y realizar las correcciones precisas en las mediciones de viento.The aforementioned mast 3 will have the precise instrumentation to record the movement of the structure 1 and make precise corrections in measurements of wind.
Asimismo, la propia estructura de la boya "spar" integra un dispositivo 5 de aprovechamiento energético de las olas y/o un dispositivo 12 de aprovechamiento de las corrientes, de forma que el dispositivo 5 de aprovechamiento energético de las olas esta integrado en la estructura 1 flotante, el mismo se define por unos generadores verticales, montados entre dos plataformas 9 y 10, pudiendo tratarse de un generador eléctrico lineal o unos compresores de aire.Also, the buoy structure itself "spar" integrates an energy utilization device 5 of the waves and / or a device 12 for use of the currents, so that the use device 5 Energetic wave is integrated in the floating structure 1, it is defined by vertical generators, mounted between two platforms 9 and 10, being able to be an electric generator linear or air compressors.
Los generadores verticales montados entre las dos plataformas 9 y 10 quedan dispuestos a nivel 11 del agua y se definen por unos elementos cilíndricos 7 y su correspondiente flotador 8 desplazable a lo largo de él por la acción de las olas, de manera que genera electricidad si se trata de un generador eléctrico o comprime aire si se trata de unos compresores de aire, o comprime agua marina, o comprime un fluido determinado.Vertical generators mounted between two platforms 9 and 10 are arranged at level 11 of the water and are defined by cylindrical elements 7 and its corresponding Float 8 movable along it by the action of the waves, so that it generates electricity if it is a generator electric or compresses air if it is an air compressor, or compress seawater, or compress a particular fluid.
La plataforma 9 superior de montaje de los generadores verticales queda a una altura tal del nivel 11 del agua que las olas no llegan a contactar con ella, con objeto de evitar la gran carga que tendrían que soportar en tal caso. Así, la distancia entre las plataformas inferior y superior vendrá determinada en función de las condiciones oceanográficas propias de cada emplazamiento.The top 9 mounting platform of the vertical generators is at a height of water level 11 that the waves do not get to contact her, in order to avoid the great burden that they would have to bear in such a case. So, the distance between the lower and upper platforms will come determined according to the oceanographic conditions of each location.
Por otra parte, el dispositivo 12 de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes se define por, al menos, un brazo 13, por debajo del nivel de agua, que en su extremo libre presenta un dispositivo 14 giratorio.Moreover, the device 12 of energy use of currents is defined by less, an arm 13, below the water level, than at its end Free features a rotating device 14.
Además, la estructura 1 flotante puede incorporar unas placas fotovoltáicas 15 generando energía eléctrica para autoconsumo.In addition, the floating structure 1 can incorporate photovoltaic plates 15 generating electrical energy for self consumption.
Asimismo, el sistema puede incorporar, junto al sistema flotante, una piscifactoría 16 lo que permite dar un valor añadido a la instalación tanto económico como ecológico.Likewise, the system can incorporate, together with the floating system, a fish farm 16 which allows to give a value added to the installation both economic and ecological.
Como realización preferente también se describe un método de instalación, el cual, se basa en la construcción del sistema completo en puerto, el posterior arrastre en flotación del conjunto hasta el emplazamiento elegido y la final sujeción al fondo marino, mediante cadenas u otros dispositivos de fondeo.As a preferred embodiment, it is also described an installation method, which, is based on the construction of the complete system in port, the subsequent floating drag of the set to the chosen location and the final subject to seabed, by chains or other anchoring devices.
Mediante este método de instalación se facilita el mantenimiento y el mismo se basa en la idea de que, en caso de avería grave, se sueltan los dispositivos de fondeo, se arrastra el sistema a puerto y se realizan las labores de reparación, posteriormente se lleva nuevamente al emplazamiento y se vuelve a sujetar con el sistema de fondeo.This installation method facilitates maintenance and the same is based on the idea that, in case of serious breakdown, the anchoring devices are released, the system to port and repair work is carried out, subsequently it is taken back to the site and returned to fasten with the anchoring system.
Claims (16)
- \bullet?
- al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o; at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for measurement of the wind, and / or;
- \bullet?
- al menos, una estación meteorológica. at least one station weather
- \bullet?
- al menos, un dispositivo LIDAR (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) para la medida del viento, y/o; at least one LIDAR device (Light-Imaging Detection And Ranging) for wind measurement, and / or;
- \bullet?
- al menos, una estación meteorológica, y, at least one station meteorological and
- \bullet?
- un dispositivo (5) de aprovechamiento energético de las olas, y/o; a device (5) of energy use of waves, and / or;
- \bullet?
- un dispositivo (12) de aprovechamiento energético de las corrientes; a device (12) of energy use of currents;
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200703020A ES2301443B1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2007-11-15 | WATER RESOURCES MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AT SEA, ENERGY PRODUCER AND INSTALLATION METHOD. |
| PCT/ES2008/000708 WO2009063112A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2008-11-14 | System for measuring sea-based wind resources, power generator and installation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200703020A ES2301443B1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2007-11-15 | WATER RESOURCES MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AT SEA, ENERGY PRODUCER AND INSTALLATION METHOD. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2301443A1 ES2301443A1 (en) | 2008-06-16 |
| ES2301443B1 true ES2301443B1 (en) | 2009-08-25 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200703020A Withdrawn - After Issue ES2301443B1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2007-11-15 | WATER RESOURCES MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AT SEA, ENERGY PRODUCER AND INSTALLATION METHOD. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2301443B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009063112A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2388102B8 (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2013-11-08 | Investigación Y Desarrollo De Energías Renovables Marinas, S.L. | MARINE METEOROLOGICAL MASTER FOR WIND RESOURCE MEASUREMENT. |
| DE102010060663B4 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2018-03-08 | Ssb Wind Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Meteorological measuring arrangement |
| EP2629101A1 (en) | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-21 | SSB Wind Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Floating wind measuring system |
| CN102662180A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-12 | 广东省电力设计研究院 | Seaborne anemometry device and measuring method |
| ES2524491B2 (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2015-06-17 | Universidad De Cantabria | Floating platform for open sea applications |
| DK2818395T3 (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2016-09-12 | Alstom Renovables Espana Sl | Liquid offshore structures |
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| US5347186A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1994-09-13 | Mcq Associates, Inc. | Linear motion electric power generator |
| EP0970308B1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 2003-05-21 | Forskningscenter Riso | A wind turbine with a wind velocity measurement system |
| ES2182702B1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-06-01 | Felipe Prats Jove | FLOATING PLANT TO PRODUCE ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM THE SEA, COMBINED BY SWELL AND WIND THAT CAN BE SUBMERGED AND RECOVERED BEFORE A TEMPORARY. |
| GB2398841A (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-01 | Qinetiq Ltd | Wind turbine control having a Lidar wind speed measurement apparatus |
| ES2221571B1 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2006-02-16 | Agustin Uriarte Aldama | SOLAR BOYA OF WATER QUALITY MEASUREMENT. |
| DE20310089U1 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2004-12-02 | Wobben, Aloys | Wind turbine |
| GB0316241D0 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2003-08-13 | Qinetiq Ltd | Wind speed measurement apparatus and method |
| AU2005223056B2 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2011-06-23 | Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. | Wave energy converters (WECs) with linear electric generators (LEGs). |
| FI20040857A (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-12-19 | Jorma Kalevi Lindberg | Wind, wave and flow power plants with various basic solutions as well as procedures for the production, transport, installation and use of power plants |
| US7100438B2 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-09-05 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for determining a site for an offshore wind turbine |
| ITBA20040027U1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2005-01-06 | Enertec Ag | (METHOD OF) CONSTRUCTION OF A SUBMERGED PLATFORM WITH A THRUST BLOCKED TO BE USED AS A SUPPORT FOR THE INSTALLATION OF AIRCONDITIONER, OF ELECTROLISER FOR THE ELECTROLYSIS OF WATER AND OF OTHER PLANTS AND / OR MACHINERY, COMBINED WITH ACTIVITY |
| JP2007002721A (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2007-01-11 | Teruo Kinoshita | Lever type marine windmill pump device, windmill artificial fishery, and marine floating wind power station |
| US20070228739A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-04 | John Troy Kraczek | Offshore Energy Capture and Storage Device |
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- 2007-11-15 ES ES200703020A patent/ES2301443B1/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
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- 2008-11-14 WO PCT/ES2008/000708 patent/WO2009063112A1/en active Application Filing
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| ES2301443A1 (en) | 2008-06-16 |
| WO2009063112A1 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
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