ES2570811B2 - System to prevent, by containment, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship due to one or more waterways - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention is a system to prevent, by containment, not by clogging, the entry of water into one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship, ship or vessel, due to one or more waterways, comprising one or several sheets or sheets flexible, waterproof and resistant, fastened throughout its contour; that are placed on the inner surface of the hull of a ship, ship or vessel, and that are held firmly by sections, forming watertight surfaces at the entrance of the water.

Description

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SYSTEM TO AVOID, BY CONTAINMENT, WATER ENTRY TO ONE OR MORE INTERIOR VOLUMES OF THE LIVING WORK OF A VESSEL BECAUSE OF ONE OR SEVERAL WATER WAYS.

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a system to prevent, by containment, not by clogging, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship, ship or vessel, because of one or more waterways.

SECTOR OF THE INVENTION

Maritime Security Naval building. SEVIMAR regulation. Regulations of the Classification Societies.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The exercise of maritime navigation is always a risk. An emergency is defined as the situation that has caused or may cause an accident or critical situation in which they put themselves at serious risk:

a) The health or life of people

b) The safety of the ship and its cargo

c) The environment

In each vessel, as part of its safety management system, procedures for emergency action must be implemented through the adoption of appropriate contingency plans.

The main causes that may be the origin of an emergency situation on board are: beached or embarked, boarding or collision, fire or explosion, bad weather, flood, loss of stability, loss of government, propulsion failure, trailer, structural failures of the ship, and waterway.

We are going to talk only about the last type of emergency, via water, understood as an uncontrolled entry of water, coming from the sea through the hull, inside the ship.

In order not to jeopardize buoyancy, one of the measures to be applied is to reduce the embarked water by means of the on-board bilge pumps, two situations being possible: when the incoming water flow is lower than the capacity of the bilge pumps of the ship and

2nd, more serious, when the inflow exceeds that of the bilge.

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Although it may have another origin, the most frequent causes of a waterway are: embarked with a violent contact on rock, collision with another vessel or impact with floating object. Also, when it comes to sailboats, a broken mast hitting the hull; rupture of the horn of the propeller shaft when it is blocked when entangled on a submerged rope or chain; impact of the orza with the bottom .... In boats with wooden hulls, a strong blow of the sea can break some damaged boards of the hull, causing a waterway.

When an anomalous presence of water is detected on board, the actions to be followed by the crew can be:

1) Immediate commissioning of the bilge system.

2) Locate the origin of the waterway.

3) Plug the water inlet with the available means.

If it is not possible to stop the rise in the water level inside the vessel, it may be necessary:

4) Ask for help by radio or with senators, and prepare if necessary

5) Leave the ship

To plug the waterways, today, several methods are used:

When it comes to small surface waterways, a spike can be placed or cement or fast hardening putty applied; for slightly larger waterways (gaps), clogging with cots or soft, conical corks, wrapped with thick cloth (for caulking) can be effective. For larger gaps, plugs constructed with a mattress or rolled mattress can be used. If the gap is much larger, an extended mattress or mattress and backed by a wooden plank propped up with planks can be used. These methods seen are applied from the inside of the helmet. Acting on the outside of the helmet you can place the Iona quadrilateral called "pallet or collision mat" held by the four angles, the lower one passing under the keel, maneuver not without difficulty. On sailboats, performing the functions of the collision pallet, a sail can be used.

As can be seen, in all the cases mentioned it is about plugging the waterway. When the waterway is important, the water intake is abrupt and can quickly flood, in a few minutes, the volume of the machine room, pump chamber, cargo hold, ... with the situation of danger to which It can lead.

The system to prevent, by contention, not by clogging, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of a ship's live work, because of one or several waterways, which the present invention proposes, addresses the solution to Waterway problem through a totally different strategy. The aim is to provide the interior volume of the vessel, in the areas to be protected, with a coating formed by a flexible, waterproof surface, in contact with the inner face of the hull, with sufficient resistance to water pressure, of such that in the presence of a waterway it contains seawater preventing it from entering the interior of the vessel.

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Within the serious accidents, in the field of marine fishing, .. the water vlas occupy the first place in the statistics throughout the years and the fires follow ... ”. On the other hand, ”... taking into account all accidents with sick leave, ... fishing is an activity of medium loss ... However, the severity of the injuries and the number of deaths caused by them, place it in the first place, even above coal mining. ”

There is currently a system to prevent the sinking of the boat, once a part of the live work is flooded by water, by means of floats that automatically inflate. It is the KAFLOAT system, this system operates differently, does not prevent flooding, prevents subsidence.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The system to prevent, by contention, not by clogging, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of a ship's live work, because of one or several waterways consists of incorporating, preferably during the construction phase of the ship, a sheet or sheet, of flexible, resistant and waterproof material, covering the inner face of the hull that is desired to be protected against the entry of water due to a waterway. If a waterway occurs in this hull area, the effect will be that seawater will enter by pushing the blade into the vessel. The sheet will lose its original shape, forming a bagging, but once equilibrium is reached, the sheet will not deform anymore, forming a watertight surface containing the volume of water, without letting it pass into the interior of the vessel. The sheet will form an impermeable barrier marking the boundary between seawater and the interior volume. The robust fixation of the sheet or sheet in its entire contour will be done at small intervals, for example by fixing the sheet or sheet to the frames by means of vertical slats. Between these slats, so that the blade follows the shapes of the helmet, you can make the soft fixation of the sheet or laminate to the helmet by means of glue.

The system that the invention proposes presents the following advantages over existing systems (conventional plugging):

-The protection acts immediately and automatically. In conventional plugging there is a time delay until the intervention by the crew occurs.

-You do not need the immediate intervention of the crew. Advantage of special importance in vessels of reduced crew or with inaccessible spaces (for example cargo tanks or warehouses) or temporary navigation.

-Before a waterway, the closure is tight. In conventional clogging, depending on the size and shape of the waterway, after clogging, leaks can still be important.

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-It is an effective method. In conventional plugging, depending on where the waterway occurs, it can be difficult to act. Think, for example, if the waterway is produced in a full cargo hold or an oil or fuel tank.

-On the other hand, it is an economic system that does not present significant technical difficulties.

-Once the waterway occurs, navigation can continue and when it reaches the port or boathouse - out of danger and with the necessary human and technical means - it will proceed to timely repair.

-The system proposed by the invention supposes a supplementary protection against spills comparable to the double hull.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to complete the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of figures with an illustrative and non-limiting character is attached as an integral part thereof.

In the figure 1, in the part superior, part of the side of a ship with its lining and the cuademas is shown. It can correspond to any part: machine room, pump chamber, cellars, fuel tank, oil tank, ballast tank, cargo tank, ... It corresponds to the representation of a ship without damage, without water ways and therefore seawater cannot enter the interior volume of the vessel.

1.- sea

2. - lining, side

3. - Cuademas

The lower part of figure 1 corresponds to the case in which a waterway is presented.

4. - waterway

Now, through this waterway, seawater can enter freely inside the ship. If the inlet flow is higher than the flow of the bilge pumps on board, there will be a progressive flood, raising the water level inside the ship. If the waterway is not blocked, the water level inside the vessel will reach the height of the sea level.

In the upper part of figure 2, part of the side of a ship with its liner and its headings is represented, but now with the system to avoid, by content, not by

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clogging, the establishment of one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship, because of one or more waterways, which the present invention proposes.

5. - lamina, flexible, resistant and waterproof sheet.

6. - vertical fixing bar.

Figure 3 shows another alternative to place the sheets. Here the fastening strips, instead of being attached directly to the frames, are attached to the transverse bulkheads that take the place of adjacent frames. In this case, instead of being a continuous sheet, the sheets are independent, where one ends the next does not start.

5. - lamina, flexible, resistant and waterproof sheet.

6. - vertical fixing bar.

7. - transverse bulkhead.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The particular realization shown in the upper part of Figure 2 will be described.

The aim is to cover the volume of the live work of the ship that you want to protect against the entry of seawater due to a waterway, with a flexible, waterproof and resistant sheet. If we refer, for example, to a monohull ship, it is about covering each one of the surfaces between contiguous cuademas of each of the sides of the ship, as a horizontal dimension and, for example, from the margin plate to a somewhat above sea level in the condition of the ship at maximum load, as a vertical dimension. Let's call each of these surfaces “module”. If it is a reduced strut vessel, each module could be coated generating a single volume between the flexible sheet and the inner face of the hull. If it is a ship with a high prop, there may be one or more decks, suppose there are two. In this case, a first volume will have to be generated from the margin plate to the first deck, a second volume from the first deck to the second deck. The last volume will be formed from the second deck to a little above sea level ending, for example, in a palmejar. Instead of forming, for example, the first volume as stated, it could be formed, for example, between the margin plate and a palm located two meters above, then another volume from this palm to another palm located another two meters more top ... The mechanical resistance to traction that the flexible sheet or sheet must possess will depend on the ship's prop. It should be more resistant in the lower sections of ships with high strut. The sheet material must be resistant to fuel, lubricating oil and water, high temperature ... and also resistant to abrasion and impacts. It should be resistant to the passage of time. A suitable material for the flexible and waterproof sheet can be

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the vulcanized synthetic rubber or, to have greater mechanical resistance, rubber carrying a metal mesh inside (soul). Another possibility is to add a metal mesh between the helmet and the flexible blade. To provide resistance to fire and chemical agents, the inner surface can be coated with aluminum foil. An additional advantage of this coating is that its surface is easier to clean and improves the aesthetics and luminosity of the protected space.

To be able to inspect the volume between the helmet and the flexible sheet, it may be convenient to provide it with openings with a cap, which allows visual inspection and also, if necessary, to drain the accumulated liquids. The caps could consist of the classic rosea metal caps used in some beverage containers.

The system that the present invention proposes is especially interesting for some medium-sized vessels, such as Civil Guard patrols, customs surveillance, .... because of their working conditions (high speeds, navigation near the coast, noctuma navigation, ...) are subject to greater impact risks. Also, within the Navy, it would be very suitable for cazaminas and dragaminas (since its hull is not made of steel and because of its work they are very exposed to waterways); for coastguards, patrol boats, auxiliary ships, ...

The system that the present invention proposes is especially interesting for boats of the Red Cross of the Sea, for small boats for passenger transport ...

The system that the present invention proposes is also especially interesting for yachts, as they are boats that sail near the coast and are usually patronized by fans with low mantima formation.

Figures 1,2 and 3 are simplified figures, representing only the fundamental components.

The terms in which this report has been described should always be returned in a broad and non-limiting sense.

Claims (7)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 RE1V1ND1CACIONES 1. - System to avoid, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways comprising one or several sheets or sheets flexible, waterproof and resistant; that conform to the inner surface of the hull of a ship and that are held tightly by sections, forming watertight volumes, to which a sheet or sheet of aluminum or other flexible material adheres, on the inside, to provide greater resistance to fire and chemical agents. 2. - System to prevent, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways, according to revindication 1, and comprising one or more sheets or sheets flexible, waterproof and resistant; that conform to the inner surface of the hull of a ship and that are held firmly in sections, vertically to the paddles and horizontally to the palms or horizontal slats added. 3. - System to prevent, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways according to claims 1 and 2 comprising one or more continuous sheets or sheets , flexible, waterproof and resistant. 4. - System to prevent, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways according to claims 1, 2 and 3 comprising the flexible sheet or sheet which incorporates a metal mesh inside to increase its resistance. 5. - System to prevent, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways according to claims 1 to 4 which also comprises a metal mesh on the face outside, between the hull and the flexible sheet or sheet, to increase its mechanical resistance. 6. ~ System to prevent, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways according to claims 1 to 5 which also includes a metal mesh on the face Inside the flexible sheet or sheet to increase its mechanical strength. 7. - System to prevent, by content, the entry of water to one or more interior volumes of the live work of a ship because of one or more waterways according to claims 1 to 7 which also includes one or more openings with a plug to be able to shrink or inspect the volume between the helmet and the flexible sheet or sheet.