ES2476255T3 - Load disconnector - Google Patents

Abstract

Load-break switch with a casing (1) and a cover (2) arranged above it in such a way that it can be lowered, with a snap-closing mechanism (16) to establish or break an electrical connection between associated contacts and with an operating lever for connecting and disconnect, with a release element (6) and a locking mechanism (18, 20) characterized in that the release element (6) to release the lid (2) is controlled by the locking mechanism (18, 20), in in which the release element (6) is coupled with a locking device (24, 25) for locking the cover (2), the release element (6) being operable in the disconnected position of the actuation lever (5). ), moving the locking device (24, 25) and with a closing device (40), designed to move engaging and disconnecting with the locking device (24, 25).

Description

Load disconnector

[0001] The invention relates to a load disconnector, in particular for mounting on busbars according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Document DE 91 01 973 U1 discloses a load disconnector, in particular a load disconnector with NH fuses with a housing and a cover arranged above it that can be folded down, with a mechanism

10 for connecting the current to establish or interrupt an electrical connection between associated contacts, as well as with a drive lever for connecting and disconnecting and a release element for the cover and a locking mechanism according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0003] Load disconnectors of the type mentioned above are known and essentially characterized

15 because in addition to the housing itself, a separate abrupt closing mechanism is provided, which can be operated by means of a separate swivel lever, with which it is possible to connect and disconnect the load disconnector from the service with current to the service without current or in reverse . The load disconnectors available so far are predominantly constituted according to the principle of the modular construction form. If there are abrupt closing mechanisms, they are located next to the disconnecting switch or between the fuses.

20 To operate the abrupt closing mechanism, rotating handles are used here.

[0004] The objective of the invention is to configure a load disconnector such that the switching thereof between the service with current and the service without current can be configured in a safe and simple manner, the lid being able to be opened in service without current, that is, being disconnected In this regard, a

25 interlock when disconnected disconnector is disconnected.

[0005] This objective is achieved according to the invention with a load disconnector of the type mentioned at the beginning, by means of the characteristics of the characterizing part of claim 1.

[0006] Other configurations of the invention result from the dependent claims.

[0007] The invention achieves a load disconnector consisting of a housing with an articulated lid there such that it can be folded down and which has an actuating lever which, when opening the lid, can move along with it around a common axis of rotation. The opening of the lid can only be achieved here when disconnected

35 the load disconnector, that is to say, in a predetermined position of the operating lever and further pressing a release element, which can be operated in the predetermined position of the operating lever. A locking mechanism is provided for this purpose, which releases the release element for actuation only when the actuation lever assumes a certain position in which the load disconnector is switched without power.

[0008] The release element is coupled with an interlocking device and moves the interlocking device as soon as the release element itself is released by the locking mechanism and is actuated. The interlocking device is moved by actuating the release element in a predetermined direction, preferably in the direction of the axis of the load disconnector, such that the cover is

45 released by the interlocking device. In addition, the interlocking device preferably has protruding segments with respect to an anterior front wall of the load disconnector, which can be fitted to fit with a closing device, such that when the turning movement of the lid is released, the interlocking device can be blocked. by means of the closing device and with this the movement of the operating lever and the cover to the connection state is prevented.

[0009] Next, the load disconnector corresponding to the invention will be described based on the drawing, to describe other characteristics. It is shown in:

Figure 1 a perspective view of a load disconnector corresponding to the invention with housing walls completely removed;

Figure 2 a view corresponding to that of Figure 1 without cover to show other details,

Figure 3 a representation of the load disconnector in which the interlocking device for the lid is deactivated,

Figure 4 a representation corresponding to that of Figure 3, in which the locking device for the cover is activated,

5 Figure 5 a partial view of the load disconnector with a closing device that is in a state of retention against the interlocking device,

Figure 6 a representation corresponding to that of Figure 5, in which the closing device releases the movement of the interlocking device,

Figure 7 a representation of the release element with the corresponding control element,

Figure 8a a representation of the release element together with one of the interlocking arms,

Figure 8b a side view of an interlocking arm to represent the guide groove 32a formed by the oblique surfaces,

Figure 9 a representation of the load disconnector with the cover removed in its connection position to show 20 other details and

Figure 10 an exploded view of the load disconnector corresponding to the invention.

[0010] Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the load disconnector corresponding to

The invention. The load disconnector has a housing 1, on whose upper face a cover 2 is provided such that it can be folded down. The axis of rotation is designated in Figure 1 with 3. In this construction it is provided that the cover 2 can rotate by means of the arm 4 on the side of the housing around the axis 3. It is also provided in the area of the cover 2 a drive lever 5 preferably configured in the form of a tilting lever, the position shown in Figure 1 being chosen such that the drive lever is in a position

30, which corresponds to the disconnection position of the load disconnector. In front of the operating lever 5 is a release element 6, preferably in the form of a push-button, which can move vertically downwards, when a locking mechanism described later releases the release element 6. The release element 6 thus serves to move an interlocking device that we will then describe acting on the cover 2, to unlock the cover. As seen in Figure 1, it is

35 shown the fully open housing 1, that is, the walls of the housing are not shown in Figure 1.

[0011] The drive lever 5 acts according to Figure 2 on a coupling shaft 8, the drive lever 5 being composed of a handle 5a and side arms 5b and 5c. The arms 5b and 5c are connected to the coupling shaft 8 by means of a pair of latches 10 housed in the coupling shaft 8. Figure 2

40 shows only one latch of the pair of latches 10. The arms 5b, 5c of the actuating arm 5 are provided with the corresponding recess or a groove 12, which can be inserted over the corresponding latch 10.

[0012] Actuating the actuating lever 5 rotates the coupling shaft 8, whereby a sharp closing mechanism 16 is activated by a straight gear 14. The abrupt closing mechanism is coupled with a control member 18. The control member 18 is functionally connected to another control element 20 such that by moving the control member 18, preferably by turning the control member 18, the control element 20 can be moved in the direction of an x-axis, which runs axially with respect to the load disconnector, to retain or release the release element 8. When the abrupt closing mechanism 16 is activated by a displacement of the lever 5 in the clockwise direction from the position of the

50 figure 9 to the position of figure 2, the control member 18 is moved, preferably rotating, which causes the movement of the control element 20 in the direction of an arrow A, whereby the release element 6 is released .

[0013] For this purpose the control member 18 and the control element 20 are embedded, such that

55 by movement of the control member 18 along a control curve, which may be provided on the underside of the plate-shaped control element 20, the control element 20 can be pulled against the direction of the arrow A to release the release element 6.

[0014] The release element 6 fits with an interlocking device 22, this interlocking device 22 being represented in detail in Figures 3 and 4. The interlocking device 22 is preferably composed of two interlocking arms 24, 25 arranged symmetrical, of which each arm 24, 25 has a front end 24a, 25a and a rear end 24b, 25b. The rear ends 24b, 25b serve to fit into openings or grooves 28, 29 configured in a front front wall of the front cover 2, is

5 that is, these ends 24b, 25b are removed when the release element 6 of the openings 28, 29 is operated and thus release the cover 2, while when the release element 6 is not activated they fit in the openings 28, 29 and retain the cover 2. The interlocking arms 24, 25 are preferably driven symmetrically to the housing axis on both sides of the release element 6 such that they can slide.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the release element has 6 pins 30, 31 that protrude laterally, as will be described later in detail, which are in contact with oblique surfaces, configured in the locking arms 24, 25 according to Figures 3 and 4. By actuating the release element 6, which is preferably prestressed upwards by means of a spring 36 (Figure 4), the pins 30, 31 fit the oblique surfaces 32, 34, which are configured such that in a movement

15 descending from the releasing element 6 and the corresponding movement of the pins 30, 31, the locking arms 24, 25 are moved against the direction of the arrow A, that is, they move in the front front wall 38 against of the direction of the arrow A. The oblique surfaces 32, 34 are preferably provided parallel to each other laterally in the locking arms 24, 25 to fix respective guide grooves 32a for each pin 30, 31.

[0016] We will briefly describe the operation of the load disconnector in the positions of Figures 1 and 9 as follows.

[0017] When the actuation lever 5 assumes its vertical position shown in Figure 1 with respect to

25 the housing 1, is the abrupt closing mechanism 16 in its starting position, in which a connection carriage 17 (figure 2) assumes a position corresponding to the disconnection state, that is, in which the contacts 18 fixedly arranged on the connection carriage are not electrically connected with counter-contact blades on the side of the housing, which are not shown.

[0018] In the operating state shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, the control member 18 coupled with the abrupt closing mechanism 16 causes the control element 20, so that we will later describe, release the control element. 6 release for a downward movement. To open the lid 2, it is necessary to move the release element 6 down, preferably in the form of a button. This results in the locking arms 24, 25 moving in the opposite direction to the direction of the arrow A (figure 1) and thereby reaching their ends

35 24b, 25b to be separated from the openings 28, 29 that are in the front wall 2a of the cover 2, that is, that the cover is released and then can be folded up along with the operating lever 5 around the axis 3 clockwise, to open the lid 2.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment it is provided that by means of an interlocking device

40, not described in more detail, the operating lever 5 is interlocked with its arms 5b, 5c with respect to the cover 2 such that it is rigidly on the cover 2 and thereby the cover 2, with the help of the operating lever 5 and together with it, it can rotate upwards around axis 3.

[0020] As soon as the locking arms 24, 25 protrude completely from the front wall 38

45 against the direction of arrow A, that is, when the cover 2 is unlocked, as shown in Figure 5, a closure device 40, preferably in the form of a plate, can be moved over the bent ends 24a, 25a and perform a retention thereof, as shown in Figure 6.

[0021] The closure device 40 is driven laterally into the housing of the guide devices 42, 44

50 and can thus move vertically with respect to the housing 1. The closing device 40 has two grooves 46, 48, which have a width such that the bent ends 24a, 25a of the locking arms can move through these grooves 46 , 48, as well as stepped segments 50, 52, which cause a reduction or narrowing of these grooves such that in the upwardly displaced position of the closure device 40 according to Figure 5, the bent ends 24a, 25a are carried up to these steps 50, 52 of the closure device 40. Thus

55 prevents a return movement of the locking arms 24, 25 in the direction of the arrow A. This means that in the state of figure 5 the switch remains disconnected, preventing the actuation of the actuation lever 5 from moving towards the state of connected and such that in this state manipulations can be carried out inside the housing of the load disconnector without the danger of current flow. This state is also assured by excluding a displacement of the control element 20 in the direction of retention of the release element 6 and thereby the displacement of the control element 18 and the abrupt closure mechanism 16 coupled thereto to the connection position. of the load disconnector.

[0022] Figure 5 shows the position in which the closing plate 40 is raised and prevents retraction

5 of the ends 24a, 25a in the direction of the arrow A, because the bent ends are fitted with the steps 50, 52 or are on them. In this state, mechanisms 54 that prevent the movement of the closing device downwards to the position shown in figure 6 can also be accommodated in openings 54, 56, 58 configured in the upper part 40. In figure 6 it is moved the closing device 40 to that lower position in which the locking arms 24, 25 can

10 move in the direction of the arrow A, that is, in the direction of the axis and towards the direction of the front wall 38, so that the locking arms 24, 25 move towards the corresponding openings 28, 29 of cover 2 to lock cover 2.

[0023] Figure 7 shows the release element 6, preferably in the form of a push-button, with its

15 pins 30, 31 that exit laterally and in addition the control element 20, which has the form of a plate and which according to a preferred embodiment has arms 60, 62 that rest on its lower side, which under the release element 6 can fit into the recesses configured thereto, to prevent the movement of the release element 6 in the direction of an arrow Z. In this position is the control element 20 in the form of a plate, when the operating lever 5 has to move from the position shown in the

20 Figure 1 for example counterclockwise at a predetermined angle, to connect the load disconnector. In the release position, on the other hand, the arms 60, 62, together with the plate-shaped control element 20, are removed from the release element 6, in the direction of the arrow A, which corresponds to address A of figure 1.

[0024] Figure 7 also shows the part of the control curve 66 in which the control member 18 which for example can rotate could fit, so as to rotate it with the corresponding guide with respect to the control element 20 to move it together with arms 60, 62 in a direction A or in the opposite direction. As can be seen, the control element 20, like the release element 6, is driven in the corresponding direction of movement by means of guide devices not shown in more detail. The control body 18

30 is arranged on or near the abrupt closing mechanism 16 and moves through its movement.

[0025] Figure 8a shows the connection between the release element 6 and one of the arms 24, 25, showing in figure 8 the arm 24 with the oblique surface 32, in front of which the pin 30 is moved for movement of the corresponding interlocking arm in the direction of arrow A or in the opposite direction.

[0026] As already described, it is necessary in the position of the operating lever 5 of Figure 1 to open the cover 2 to press the release element 6 against the force of a spring back. The spring is, as shown in Figure 4, preferably inside the release element 6 facing a bottom of the housing 7 and is designated in Figure 4 with 36. The oblique surfaces 32 form in the arms of

40 interlocking 24 and 25 respective grooves that run obliquely, as deduced from Figures 3 and 4, each oblique groove running from the front end 24a down towards the rear end 24b of each interlocking arm 24, 25. By the movement of the release element 6 downwardly moves each interlocking arm 24, 25 in the direction of the arrow A, while when the releasing element 6 moves up the interlocking arms 24, 25 move in address

45 contrary to A. By activating the release element 6, the cover 2 is released, as already described, activating the aforementioned interlocking device inside the cover 2, preferably due to the release by the interlocking arms 24, 25 and interlocks the actuation lever 5 in front of the cover 2, whereby the cover 2 together with the actuation lever 5 can rotate about the axis 3 upwards in a clockwise direction. While the release element 6 is pressed down, the device can be pushed upwards.

50 closing 40 to the position shown in Figure 5, which excludes a retraction of the locking arms 24, 25 in the direction of the arrow A, because the end segments 24a, 25a are blocked by the closing device 40 as a consequence of the narrowing of the grooves 46, 48 defined by the steps 50, 52 against a movement in the direction of the arrow A.

[0027] When the cover 2 is released, it can be folded down, as soon as the lever 5 assumes the vertical position shown in Figure 1, around the axis of rotation 3 together with the actuation lever 5, precisely in the clockwise around the axis of rotation 3, the release element 6 being released by the locking mechanism. When the locking mechanism 6 has removed the locking device 24, 25 from the openings 28, 29 and the locking device has assumed the position shown in

Figure 3, the lid 2 can be opened or folded down.

[0028] To complete the description of the operation, figure 9 shows schematically details to clarify the connection and disconnection process. The abrupt closing mechanism 16 is schematically represented 5 in Figure 9 and is composed of a wheel with partial toothed crowns according to a preferred embodiment and causes by its activation, as a consequence of an angular displacement of the actuating lever 5 from the position shown in figure 1 to the position shown in figure 9, a rotation of the coupling shaft 8, which in turn activates the abrupt closing mechanism 16 and on the one hand rotates the control member 18, which in the The embodiment shown is provided as a vertical finger on a part of the abrupt closing mechanism, by means of which the control element 20 performs the displacement movement described above in the A direction or the opposite direction. At the same time, the connection carriage 17 is moved by means of the abrupt closing mechanism 9 in the direction of the arrow A shown in figure 9, the abrupt closing mechanism 9 presenting in the embodiment three contacts in a load disconnector three-pole, of which only one contact 18a has been shown, to arrive in the position shown in figure 9 to fit with a

15 countercontact or contact blade, fixedly provided on the side of the housing, in order to establish an electrical contact.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, fuse elements are housed in the housing 1 under the cover 2, even though this has not been shown in more detail in the drawings of Figures 1-9.

[0030] The displacement of the locking arms 24, 25 in the locked position with respect to the cover 2 can also be carried out additionally by another spring device, which acts directly on the locking arms 24, 25.

[0031] Instead of the described finger-shaped control organ 18, any other mechanical connection, for example a sequential cam control or the like, can be provided between the abrupt closure mechanism and the control element 20.

[0032] From the above description it is clear that in a movement of the operating lever 5 from

30 the position shown in figure 1 to the position shown in figure 9, a force transmission is made from the actuating lever 5 through the coupling shaft 8 and from it through a straight gear 14 on the mechanism of abrupt closure 16, which after a predetermined movement in the direction of the arrow A makes a displacement, which moves the connection carriage 17 to the connection state and at the same time causes the movement of the control element 18, whereby the element of control 20 moves against the direction of

35 the arrow A, to block the release element 6. Let us further indicate that the interlocking arms have an oblique surface at ends 24b, 25b, so that in the position of the interlocking arms according to figure 4 the edge of the front wall 2a of the cover 2 when turning the cover 2 around the axis 3, it hits this oblique surface and the locking arms 24, 25 retract against the direction of the arrow A, until these ends 24b, 25b can be introduced into openings 28, 29. Consequently

40 performs a new automatic interlocking of the cover 2 when it turns back to the closed state. At the same time, an interlocking of the interlocking device provided between the cover 2 and the operating lever 5 and not shown in the drawings is carried out.

[0033] As can be deduced from Figures 1 and 9, the symmetrical interlocking arms 24, 25 run one

45 to another on both sides of the release element 6 and the control element 20 and are configured such that they can fit into the openings 28, 29 of the cover 2 by one of its ends. Thus, the interlocking arms 24, 25 are practically provided with specular symmetry with respect to the axis of the housing.

[0034] The load disconnector corresponding to the invention is preferably inserted with the aid of an adapter 70 on usual busbars, the adapter 70 serving to establish an electrical contact between the load disconnector and the current busbar system.

[0035] The load disconnector corresponding to the invention is designed in particular for high

55 currents of, for example, 6300 amps and have an independent operation of the operator, that is to say, an abrupt closing mechanism is used that contains a force accumulator to switch the contacts between the connection state and the disconnection state of the disconnector in load.

[0036] An essential advantage of the present invention is that the actuation lever or tilting lever includes two functions, which are the switching between the connection state and the disconnection state of the load disconnector on one side and the opening of the cover to replace fuse elements or for manipulation inside the housing on the other hand, the rocker lever being retained to open the cover during the opening process fixedly with the cover, so that the cover itself should not be grasped, but only the rocker to open or

5 close the lid. Compared to the known load disconnectors, the advantage is achieved that a rotating handle can be renounced to activate the abrupt closing mechanism and instead a single lever with two functions is provided, as already indicated.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the load disconnector, they are arranged in the housing in the

10 lower side of the cover fuse elements, so to replace the fuse elements in the manner described above, the cover must be opened and closed.

[0038] Another additional feature of the preferred embodiment consists in that in the disconnected state, in which the rocker lever is preferably perpendicular to the bottom of the housing, 15 to open the lid an additional release element must be operated. and that the lid can only be opened during actuation of the release element. According to another embodiment, a closing device can be activated, and the locking device, preferably in the form of a locking frame, in the deactivated position can be closed or fixed in the disconnected state after actuating the release device. In this operating state, fusible elements can be replaced or other manipulations can be carried out on the disconnector loaded with the cover.

20 open.

[0039] Figure 10 shows an exploded view of the load disconnector corresponding to the invention, the same elements being provided with respect to Figures 1 to 9 of the same reference numbers.

[0040] The load disconnector is composed of a cover 2, on the lower side of which there are, for example, three fusible elements 73, of which only one fusible element is indicated with 73. In a three-pole load disconnector it is provided In addition, a contact holder device 72 is provided, being housed for each contact pole 72a, 72b, which serve to house the contacts of the fuse element 73 when the cover 2 is closed. The same goes for the other pairs of contacts. Under the contact device 72 is the carriage

30 connection 17, which also has a pair of contacts 18a, 18b for each pole, protruding from the connection carriage both up and down. Below the connection carriage 17 is a connection device 71 with input and output connections, of which only one contact is indicated in each case with 74 and 75 respectively. These connections 74, 75 are in the embodiment represented in each case on the front side of the load disconnector. As for the designated connection with 74 and 75, it presents the

35 connection device two contacts 71a, 71b, which form an interruption of the conductor inside the housing and which in the known way can come into contact by means of contacts 18a, 18b of the connection carriage 17. The contacts 18a, 18b also provided by each pole in the connection carriage 17, protrude upwards and downwards and can therefore be brought into contact with both the contacts 71a, 71b of the connection device and also with the countercontacts of the contact holders 72a, 72b no longer represented in detail

40 when the disconnecting switch is connected by the corresponding movement of the connection carriage 17. In the disconnected state the connection carriage 17 is moved such that its contacts 18a, 18b do not make contact with the connection device 71 nor with the contact holder device 72, whereby the current flow between the connections 74, 75 is interrupted through the fuse elements 73.

[0041] In Figure 10 it is further observed that the equipment described above is essentially arranged one above the other, whereby the load disconnector has an extraordinarily compact configuration. The fuse elements 73 are directly below and on the lower surface of the cover 2, whereby the fuse elements are directly accessible after opening the cover 2.

[0042] The connection device 71 is preferably electrically connected by means of an adapter with the current busbar system not shown.

[0043] In Figure 10, the housing that is under cover 2 and that wraps the units shown has been left out for ease of description.

Claims (8)

1. Load disconnector with a housing (1) and a cover (2) arranged above it that can be folded down, with an abrupt closing mechanism (16) to establish or interrupt an electrical connection between associated contacts 5 and with a drive lever for connecting and disconnecting, with a release element (6) and a locking mechanism (18, 20) characterized in that the release element (6) for releasing the cover (2) is controlled by the locking mechanism (18, 20 ), in which the release element (6) is coupled with an interlocking device (24, 25) to interlock the cover (2), being able to be operated in the disconnection position of the operating lever (5) the release element (6), displacing the interlocking device (24, 10 25) and with a closing device (40), intended to move by engaging and disconnecting with the interlocking device (24, 25). 2. Load disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing device (40) it has grooves (46, 48) configured in the form of a step, through which end segments 15 (24a, 25a) of the interlocking device (24, 25) are carried. 3. Load disconnector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing device (40) is provided such that it can be moved on a front side (38) of the housing (1) along guide devices (42). , 44).

Four.

Load disconnector according to claim 2, characterized in that the end segments (24a, 25a) of the interlocking device (24, 25) have bent segments.

5.

Load disconnector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the

The interlocking device (24, 25) is composed of two interlocking arms (24, 25) arranged essentially symmetrically with respect to the axis of the housing. 6. Load disconnector according to claim 5, characterized in that the interlocking arms (24, 25) have oblique surfaces (32), which with pins (30, 31) protruding laterally on the release elements (6) are supported during the movement of the release element (6). 7. Load disconnector according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interlocking arms (24, 25) for locking the cover (2) fit into openings or grooves (28, 29) configured on a front face (2a) of the cover (2). A load disconnector according to claim 6, characterized in that each interlocking arm (24, 25) has guide grooves (32a) configured by oblique surfaces parallel to each other (32). 9. Load disconnector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the housing (1) under the cover (2) cameras are provided to house fuse elements. 40