ES2415982B1 - LIGHT CLOSURE ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, CONDUCTED WITH CONCRETE BLOCKS WITH RECYCLED CRUSHED GLASS AIDES. - Google Patents

Abstract

Lightly assembled enclosure, with high thermal and acoustic insulation, made of concrete blocks with recycled crushed glass aggregates. # This façade enclosure system consists of a factory or rig, consisting of manually manageable parts, locked and assembled using connectors. and joined together with adhesive or mortar. # The rig is formed by prefabricated calibrated three-layer blocks, made of concrete composed of cement, additives and aggregates of crushed glass for recycling. The interior of the blocks contains thermal and acoustic insulating materials. # The coupling between blocks is executed with the help of tubular pieces of plastic material, coupled as a guide-connector, which guarantee a perfect lock. It is used as a gripping material between blocks, adhesive, or a conventional mortar suitable for this type of factories. # The resulting factory presents: geometric perfection, low density, high mechanical resistance, absence of thermo-acoustic bridges, vertical grid of conduits for pre-installations and, above all, speed and simplicity of execution.

Description

Lightweight assembled enclosure, with high thermal and acoustic insulation, made of concrete blocks with aggregates of recycled crushed glass.

The present invention is indicated for use in the "Construction Sector".

5 It refers to a new construction system for the realization of façade enclosures or interior compartments, consisting of the use of various prefabricated parts described below.

At present, the State of the Art in this sector and specifically, in the chapter of factories and enclosures, is characterized by the use of medium-sized pieces, of manual handling, constituted mainly by stone materials. There are also pieces combined with insulating materials as a sandwich.

10 There is no record, as of the date, of the existence of prefabricated pieces with concrete to which crushed glass from recycling is added. Nor is there evidence of the use of auxiliary parts as connectors to achieve the perfect lock and geometry of the factory. There is also no evidence that, once finished without coatings, factories comply with thermal and acoustic bridges in a single phase of implementation of work. Finally, there is no evidence that after a factory was executed

15 locked, have a vertical network of pipes that can be used for pre-installation, avoiding rubbing or rolling in this direction.

The improvements that give the enclosures or factories executed with this type of parts, are mainly based on: Low weight per square meter, great mechanical resistance, great thermal-acoustic insulation, thermal and acoustic bridges break between exterior and interior, presence network of vertical ducts for

20 pre-installations, and, above all, great simplicity, perfection and speed of execution, among other advantages.

Another important optimization from the ecological point of view, consists in the use of recyclable materials as aggregate for the manufacture of the basic parts or blocks of this construction system. It contributes accordingly to the reduction of solid waste discarded into the environment.

Finally, the coupling between the blocks is planned to be interleaved between them, tubular pieces 25, which we call guide connectors, which guarantee a perfect lock.

It is preferably used as a bonding material between blocks, polyurethane adhesive, or a conventional mortar suitable for this type of factories.

DESCRIPTION:

The pieces that make up the wall have the following characteristics:

30 These are blocks composed of outer layers of stone materials and inner core of insulating materials and acoustic sheets, with the particular feature that the outer layers have no connection point to each other.

The base material with which the outer layers are manufactured are perfectly dosed concretes made with cements, additives, stone aggregates and aggregates from crushed glass with an adequate dosage in terms of granulometry scale, obtaining a material, which once hardened, exceeds widely the

35 characteristic resistance determined in the current applicable regulations. (CTE).

The external configuration or external geometry of the range of blocks that can intervene in the composition of the enclosure, is always cubic or cubic-rectangular, of various dimensions depending on the type and thickness of the factory to be built, considering the following approximate thicknesses for enclosures or partitions : 30 cm, 25 cm, 20 cm, 15 cm and 8 cm. The length and height of each block or piece can be 25x20, 50x20, 100x20. But

40 Depending on the particularities of each work, a range of measures can be manufactured depending on the design of the architectural project. L-shaped corner pieces are also provided, which in the case of a 25 cm thick enclosure, will be 50x50x25x20. In figure-1, the 4 different models of block pieces, as well as the connecting element, are plotted in perspective.

The external calibration and planimetry of the pieces is characterized by not presenting deviations greater than 45% more, in the measures of their edges, in any of the pieces.

The interior configuration of each of the blocks that make up the factory is characterized by the inclusion of a

or two acoustic sheets preferably constituted by high density bituminous materials, as well as the internal solidification with insulating material (polystyrene or rigid porexpan) of various densities to achieve a perfect thermal insulation.

50 The insulating material has vertical cylindrical holes provided for the correct coupling and perfect locking of the blocks. This coupling and locking will be done by inserting in the through holes, some connector-guides designed for this purpose, which are described below.

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The connectors-guides of union between blocks, consist of pieces in the form of a tube, of plastic or metallic or mixed material, of variable length whose outer diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the through holes. In the center of the tube there is a wing or disk in the form of a washer, intended to distribute the pipe embedment equally between the upper and lower rows.

The geometric shapes and features set out are plotted in Figures 2, 3 and 4 as follows: In Figure-2, the exploded view of a 50x25x20 type block and the connecting parts, where:

(one)

 It is concrete made with aggregates of different grain sizes.

(2)

 It is asphalt layer of high density and variable thickness, acoustic barrier.

(3)

 It is low density thermal insulating material.

(4)

 It is vertical through hole of constant inside diameter.

(5)

 It is connector-guide piece.

In Figure-3, a connector-guide piece is drawn in perspective. In figure-4 the start-up of an assembly of LIGHTWEIGHT CLOSED ASSEMBLY in which its basic components are appreciated, is plotted in perspective. Once the masonry phase is finished, the enclosure will have a network of vertical ducts every 25

cm approximately, from floor to ceiling, allowing to use these ducts for any type of installation (water, electricity, teleco, heating, etc.), avoiding the execution of rigolas or rubs, which reduce the mechanical and thermal properties of the enclosures, in addition of considerably reducing the generation of debris.

The mechanical characteristics, compressive strengths, thermal transmittance and acoustic insulation of the enclosures or factories executed with these blocks, far exceed the basic requirements determined in the current applicable regulations (CTE).

A possible mode of execution or manufacturing of the block pieces may consist of the following process: Preparation of the inner core of insulating material and acoustic material. Insertion of the core into the molds that make up the outer dimensions of the blocks. Application of release agent in the outer mold. Preparation of concrete with the dosages provided in fixed concrete mixers and subsequent pouring into

molds that serve as a negative to shape the exterior geometries of the blocks. Concrete setting. Demolished of the pieces of blocks. Hardened and Cured of the blocks. With this last process, the pieces are prepared for palletizing and transfer to the point of use. The connectors-guides could be manufactured by an extrusion process of plastic material or any other

rigid material The application or use of parts in the construction industry follows the same manual methods traditional that for the execution of factories and masonry enclosures, significantly improving the process of commissioning with the use of component parts (blocks of various sizes, connectors-guides and

adhesive or mortar between blocks) of this enclosure system by the following characteristics Main: Lightness of the pieces, which result in work ergonomics, simplicity and easy handling, and speed of execution. Perfection in the Assemblies and in the part locks, guarantee of greater quality in the planimetry of the

factories, suppression of gaps or cracks in the unions. Absence of thermal and acoustic bridges. Union between pieces: Made using a thin cord of suitable adhesive. Absence of waste of material.

Absence of debris generation or remains of fresh mortar. Parts format: wide range of measures to cover any need for execution, particularly according to work. Debris reduction of parts.

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The factory as a whole will have a network of vertical ducts that can be used for the installations, which results in savings in the execution of rubbers or rigolas, provision of pipes, covering of rubbers, and significant savings in generation of rubble.

As a consequence of these characteristics, we obtain the following advantages in the enclosures executed with this system: generalized high quality in the masonry factories, savings in execution times, reduction of skilled labor costs and reduction of debris.

From the ecological and environmental point of view, the use of this system contributes, on the one hand, with the recycling of disposable materials (crushed glass), and on the other hand, the reduction and management of waste from generated debris in construction.

10 Another application that this base block can have would be its use as a caseton or lightening element in horizontal flat concrete structures (slabs or slabs) reticular or unidirectional. The order of main advantages that this type of block would provide, with respect to those that currently exist in the market, consist of: In the manufacturing phase, it would not be necessary to blind the upper face of the blocks; fewer parts to be placed per unit area; quick set-up of the blocks to configure the slab grid or slab;

15 reduction of block breaks in handling; reduction of the weight and density of the slabs or slabs; increased insulation of slabs or slabs, and as a result of the above, the overall reduction of the costs of foundations and structures.

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Claims (1)

1st LIGHTWEIGHT CLOSURE ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, characterized by being formed by modular pieces of prefabricated blocks, of geometries in the form of parallelepipeds composed of: core of rigid thermal insulating material and outer layers of concrete or any other type of hydraulic binder or aerial that once hardened presents stony consistency. 2nd LIGHTWEIGHT CLOSURE ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claim, characterized in that the binders with which the outer layers of the blocks are made, can be added with aggregates of recycled crushed glass and other suitable additives. 3rd ASSEMBLED LIGHTWEIGHT CLOSURE, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that acoustic sheets can be inserted between the core of the block and the outer layers. 4th ASSEMBLED LIGHTWEIGHT CLOSURE, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that the outer stone layers of the block pieces have no connection point to each other. 5th CLOSURE LIGHTWEIGHT ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that the block pieces can be of various geometries of length, height, thickness and other special pieces. 6th CLOSED LIGHTWEIGHT ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that the core of the blocks, has through holes in vertical direction. 7th CLOSED LIGHTWEIGHT ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that for the execution of the wall, we are helped by tubular pieces that we call guide-connectors, whose outer section is equal to the inner section of the through holes of the nuclei of the blocks, being inserted inside them permanently. 8th CLOSED LIGHTWEIGHT ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that the connectors-guides of union between blocks, have in the center of the tube, a wing or disk in the form of a washer perpendicular to its axis. 9th LIGHTWEIGHT CLOSURE ASSEMBLY, HIGH THERMAL AND ACOUSTIC INSULATION, according to previous claims, characterized in that, once the wall is executed with this system, an equidistant network of vertical ducts from floor to ceiling is generated in the inner core.