ES2372106A1 - Self-supporting slab comprising glass blocks - Google Patents
Self-supporting slab comprising glass blocks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2372106A1 ES2372106A1 ES200901491A ES200901491A ES2372106A1 ES 2372106 A1 ES2372106 A1 ES 2372106A1 ES 200901491 A ES200901491 A ES 200901491A ES 200901491 A ES200901491 A ES 200901491A ES 2372106 A1 ES2372106 A1 ES 2372106A1
- Authority
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- Prior art keywords
- blocks
- tessellation
- self
- outgoing
- incoming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001795 light effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/46—Special adaptation of floors for transmission of light, e.g. by inserts of glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/42—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings of glass or other transparent material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
- E04C2/546—Slab-like translucent elements made of glass bricks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Forjado autoportante de bloques de vidrio.Self-supporting slab of glass blocks.
La presente invención, según lo expresa el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un forjado autoportante de bloques de vidrio, o similares, aportando notables ventajas para este sector de la técnica donde se pueden formar bóvedas planas con bloques, sin que existan armaduras entre ellos.The present invention, as expressed by the set forth in this specification, refers to a slab self-supporting glass blocks, or the like, providing notable advantages for this sector of the technique where they can be formed flat vaults with blocks, without any armor between they.
Es un objeto de la invención el ampliar las aplicaciones haciéndolo extensivo a cualquier teselación que cubra todo el plano.It is an object of the invention to extend the applications extending it to any tiling that covers The whole plane.
En la patente de invención P200301144 se reivindica un suelo de bloques de vidrio autoportante sin armaduras interiores, cuya estructura parte de un sistema de bóvedas planas de piedra ya conocido, con la utilización del vidrio en vez de la piedra para conseguir un efecto luminoso, además de prescindir de las armaduras entre bloques, imprescindibles hasta el momento.In the invention patent P200301144 claims a floor of self-supporting glass blocks without armor interiors, whose structure is based on a system of flat vaults of stone already known, with the use of glass instead of the stone to achieve a light effect, in addition to dispensing with the reinforcements between blocks, essential so far.
Como elemento de apoyo se utiliza exclusivamente un zuncho perimetral a toda la bóveda, de hormigón armado, de perfiles metálicos, etc.As a support element it is used exclusively a perimeter fence to the entire vault, of reinforced concrete, of metal profiles, etc.
Consiste en una bóveda plana realizada con bloques o dovelas de vidrio que tienen idéntica forma entre sí, partiendo en todos casos de una forma prismática, encajando unos en otros y estando unidos por un material de junta (mortero de cemento hidráulico, mortero de polímero o incluso juntas de material polímero elástico).It consists of a flat vault made with glass blocks or segments that have the same shape as each other, starting in all cases in a prismatic way, fitting some in others and being joined by a joint material (cement mortar Hydraulic, polymer mortar or even material joints elastic polymer).
En líneas generales el forjado autoportante de bloques de vidrio, que la invención propone, se forma a partir de bloques prismáticos, rectos u oblicuos, es decir, ortogonales o no respecto del plano donde se levantan o construyen, siendo además sus bases de formas muy variadas, cumpliéndose la condición de que se parte de una trama, retícula o "teselación" que cubra todo un plano.In general, the self-supporting slab of glass blocks, which the invention proposes, is formed from prismatic, straight or oblique blocks, that is, orthogonal or not regarding the plane where they rise or build, being also their bases of varied forms, fulfilling the condition that part of a plot, grid or "tessellation" that covers a whole flat.
La teselación puede ser regular (si está formada por un único tipo de polígonos regulares), semi-regular (si está formada por mas de un tipo de polígonos regulares), no regular (formada por polígonos no regulares), y variantes especiales de teselación (como son la llamada "teselación de El Cairo", o las variantes de Pen-Rouse).Tessellation can be regular (if formed for a single type of regular polygons), semi-regular (if it consists of more than one type of regular polygons), not regular (formed by non-polygons regular), and special tessellation variants (such as the called "tiling of Cairo", or the variants of Pen-Rouse)
Estos prismas se modifican realizándoles entrantes y salientes en sus caras laterales, teniendo también que cumplir las condiciones siguientes:These prisms are modified by performing incoming and outgoing on their side faces, also having to meet the following conditions:
- --
- Que encajen unos en otros, es decir, que sean complementarios para que la unión entre entrantes y salientes de los bloques adyacentes no deje espacio libre entre ellos.Than fit into each other, that is, to be complementary so that the union between incoming and outgoing adjacent blocks not Leave free space between them.
- --
- Que cada bloque posea tanto entrantes como salientes en número igual o superior a dos de cada, es decir, al menos dos entrantes y al menos dos salientes, y a ser posible distribuidos en caras opuestas saliente-saliente, entrante-entrante. Se trata de una condición de estabilidad. En el caso de tramas con base triangular esta condición obliga a que cada cara posea a la vez al menos un entrante y un saliente.Than each block has both incoming and outgoing in equal number or greater than two of each, that is, at least two starters and at least two projections, and if possible distributed on opposite faces outgoing-outgoing, Incoming-Incoming It is a condition of stability. In the case of frames with triangular base this condition forces each face to have at least one entree and one outgoing.
- --
- Que la forma geométrica de los entrantes o salientes respecto de las caras laterales puede ser cualquiera, definida por caras planas o por superficies curvas ya sean con simple o con doble curvatura, sinclásticas o anticlásticas. Por tanto la trama original del reticulado (es decir, las juntas que aparecen entre los bloques) se puede ver modificada por estos entrantes o salientes en cualquiera de las superficies vistas del conjunto de bloques, ya sea la inferior o la superior, en ambas superficies, o sólo en secciones intermedias y por tanto no visible desde las superficies superior e inferior.That geometric shape of incoming or outgoing faces laterals can be any, defined by flat faces or by curved surfaces with either single or double curvature, synclastic or anticlastic. Therefore the original plot of crosslinked (i.e. the joints that appear between the blocks) are you can see modified by these incoming or outgoing in any of the seen surfaces of the block set, either the lower or upper, on both surfaces, or only in sections intermediate and therefore not visible from the upper surfaces and lower.
Se obtienen así uno o dos tipos de bloques, tantos como tipos distintos de polígonos que compongan la teselación. Los bloques de cada tipo serán por tanto idénticos entre sí en forma.One or two types of blocks are thus obtained, as many as different types of polygons that make up the tessellation The blocks of each type will therefore be identical between Yes fit.
Como resultado, los bloques encajan unos en otros, perfectamente, sin dejar huecos. La unión de los bloques forma un volumen marcadamente superficial. Cada uno de los bloques apoya al menos en dos de sus vecinos situados en direcciones sensiblemente opuestas y recibe el apoyo también de al menos dos de sus vecinos, también situados en direcciones sensiblemente opuestas. Se exceptúan por lógica los bloques del perímetro, que apoyan en el zuncho perimetral.As a result, the blocks fit some into others, perfectly, without leaving gaps. The union of the blocks It forms a markedly superficial volume. Each of the blocks support at least two of its neighbors located in directions substantially opposed and also receives support from at least two of its neighbors, also located in significantly opposite directions. The perimeter blocks, which support the perimeter fence.
Acorde con la invención, también se pueden usar bloques que no sean macizos y utilizar otros materiales transparentes que no sean vidrio.In accordance with the invention, they can also be used non-solid blocks and use other materials Transparent other than glass.
Para facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención y formando parte de esta memoria descriptiva, se acompañan unas hojas de dibujos en las que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente.To facilitate the understanding of characteristics of the invention and forming part of this report descriptive, some sheets of drawings are accompanied in which, with illustrative and non-limiting nature has been represented next.
Figura 1.- Es una vista parcial, en perspectiva, de un forjado autoportante de bloques de vidrio, acorde con la invención.Figure 1.- It is a partial view, in perspective, of a self-supporting slab of glass blocks, in accordance with the invention.
Figura 2.- Es una vista parcial, en planta, de un ejemplo de teselación regular compuesta por triángulos equiláteros, a partir de la cual se puede construir el forjado con bloques acorde con la invención.Figure 2.- It is a partial plan view of an example of regular tiling composed of triangles equilaterals, from which the slab can be built with blocks according to the invention.
Figura 3.- Es una vista similar a la figura 2, de una teselación regular semi-regular.Figure 3.- It is a view similar to Figure 2, of a regular semi-regular tessellation.
Figura 4.- Es una vista en planta de la llamada "teselación de El Cairo".Figure 4.- It is a plan view of the call "tiling of Cairo".
Figura 5.- Es una vista en planta de una trama irregular compuesta por paralelogramos, como otro ejemplo de teselación.Figure 5.- It is a plan view of a plot irregular composed of parallelograms, as another example of tessellation
Figura 6.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una teselación cuadrangular sobre la que se formará el forjado.Figure 6.- It is a perspective view of a quadrangular tessellation on which the floor will be formed.
Figura 7.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una fase de formación de un prisma a partir de la teselación de la figura 6.Figure 7.- It is a perspective view of a phase of formation of a prism from the tessellation of the figure 6.
Figura 8.- Es una vista similar a la figura 7, de la modificación del prisma resultante mediante la formación de entrantes y salientes laterales que afectan solo a la cara superior.Figure 8.- It is a view similar to Figure 7, of the modification of the resulting prism through the formation of incoming and outgoing laterals that affect only the face higher.
Figura 9.- Es una vista similar a la figura 8, pero modificando el prisma de forma que los entrantes y salientes afecten solo a la cara inferior.Figure 9.- It is a view similar to Figure 8, but modifying the prism so that the incoming and outgoing only affect the lower face.
Figura 10.- Es una vista similar a la figura 8, pero con los entrantes y salientes dispuestos interiormente sin afectar a las caras superior e inferior.Figure 10.- It is a view similar to Figure 8, but with the incoming and outgoing arranged internally without affect the upper and lower faces.
Figura 11.- Es un esquema de construcción de un prisma en el que las caras laterales pueden contener más de un entrante o saliente, en este caso dos.Figure 11.- It is a construction scheme of a prism in which the lateral faces can contain more than one Incoming or outgoing, in this case two.
Figura 12.- Es un esquema similar al de la figura 11, de la construcción de un prisma en una teselación triangular donde cada cara lateral ha de contener al menos un entrante y un saliente.Figure 12.- It is a scheme similar to that of the Figure 11, of the construction of a prism in a tessellation triangular where each side face must contain at least one Incoming and outgoing.
Haciendo referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras, podemos ver cómo el forjado autoportante de bloques de vidrio, que la invención propone, tal como se representa en la figura 1, está formado por una pluralidad de bloques (1) de vidrio o similar, obtenidos a partir de una forma prismática cuyas caras laterales presentan entrantes y salientes que se complementan en caras enfrentadas de un mismo bloque y en caras adosadas de dos bloques (1) adyacentes, sin huecos intermedios.Referring to the numbering adopted in the figures, we can see how the self-supporting block slab of glass, which the invention proposes, as depicted in the Figure 1, is formed by a plurality of blocks (1) of glass or similar, obtained from a prismatic form whose faces laterals present incoming and outgoing that complement each other in faces facing the same block and in two-sided faces adjacent blocks (1), without intermediate gaps.
Se cubre así la totalidad del forjado cualquiera que sea el tipo de trama, retícula o teselación elegida como punto de partida para formar los bloques (1), tal como las diseñadas para formar un pavimento y que veremos en relación con las figuras 2 a 6.Thus, the entire floor is covered that is the type of plot, grid or tessellation chosen as the point starting to form the blocks (1), such as those designed to form a pavement and we will see in relation to figures 2 a 6.
Los bloques 1 se apoyan unos en otros y descansan todos en un zuncho perimetral (2) que soporta los empujes horizontales y sirve de apoyo o incluso de viga. No existen armaduras de ningún tipo entre los bloques (1).Blocks 1 support each other and they all rest in a perimeter loop (2) that supports the thrusts horizontal and serves as support or even beam. They do not exist reinforcements of any kind between the blocks (1).
En la figura 2 se representa una teselación regular (3) formada en este caso por triángulos equiláteros (4).Figure 2 shows a tessellation regulate (3) formed in this case by equilateral triangles (4).
Otro ejemplo conocido de teselación (5) es del tipo regular semi-regular mostrado en la figura 3, denominado así por la combinación de triángulos (6) y cuadrados (7) cubriendo perfectamente el plano del forjado.Another known example of tessellation (5) is from regular semi-regular type shown in figure 3, named for the combination of triangles (6) and squares (7) perfectly covering the floor plan.
En la figura 4 se representa la conocida "teselación de El Cairo" (8) formada por pentágonos irregulares (9).Figure 4 depicts the known "Cairo tessellation" (8) formed by irregular pentagons (9).
La figura 5 es un ejemplo de teselación irregular (10) compuesta por una trama de romboides (11).Figure 5 is an example of tessellation irregular (10) composed of a frame of rhomboids (11).
A partir de la teselación seleccionada para formar el forjado autoportante que la invención propone, tal como la teselación (12) que se muestra en perspectiva en la figura 6 definida por cuadrados (13) en dos alineaciones perpendiculares; se levantan bloques (14) virtuales que en este caso son cúbicos como se muestra en la figura 7. Los bloques (14) podrían ser ortoedros en posición vertical y levantarse no solamente en forma recta sino inclinada definiendo prismas oblicuos. Si la malla o teselación fuera rectangular los prismas podrían adquirir una posición yacente, u otra geometría sin limitaciones.From the tessellation selected for form the self-supporting slab proposed by the invention, such as the tessellation (12) shown in perspective in Figure 6 defined by squares (13) in two perpendicular alignments; be they raise virtual blocks (14) that in this case are cubic as they shown in figure 7. The blocks (14) could be orthohedra in vertical position and stand up not only straight but inclined defining oblique prisms. If the mesh or tessellation outside the prisms could acquire a lying position, or other geometry without limitations.
Los bloques (14) virtuales son modificados mediante entrantes (15) y salientes (16) en las caras laterales, quedando enfrentados los unos y los otros, como se observa en la figura 8, obteniéndose así el bloque (17) real. En esta figura 8 los entrantes y salientes afectan solamente a la base o cara superior del bloque (17), no alterándose la cara inferior. En la formación del forjado al adosar este tipo de bloques (17) la cara superior del forjado se formará una teselación integrada por polígonos (18) irregulares cóncavos de ocho lados. En la figura 9, los entrantes (15) y salientes (16) solo afectan a la cara inferior del bloque, pero al tener idéntica geometría que los bloques (17) se formará la teselación de polígonos (18) en la cara inferior del forjado.The virtual blocks (14) are modified by incoming (15) and outgoing (16) on the side faces, facing each other, as seen in the Figure 8, thus obtaining the real block (17). In this figure 8 the incoming and outgoing only affect the base or upper face of the block (17), the lower face not being altered. In the formation of the slab when this type of blocks is attached (17) the upper face of the Forged a tessellation composed of polygons will be formed (18) irregular concave eight sides. In figure 9, the entrees (15) and projections (16) only affect the underside of the block, but having identical geometry as the blocks (17) will form the tessellation of polygons (18) on the underside of the floor.
Acorde con la invención también puede conseguirse el mantener la trama o teselación (12) en ambas caras del forjado como lo muestra la figura 10, practicando un tipo distinto de entrantes (19) y salientes (20) complementarios que afectan exclusivamente a la zona central de las caras laterales. Se obtienen así unos bloques (21).In accordance with the invention can also achieved by maintaining the plot or tessellation (12) on both sides of the slab as shown in figure 10, practicing a type other than complementary incoming (19) and outgoing (20) that exclusively affect the central area of the lateral faces. Be they thus obtain blocks (21).
Haciendo ahora especial referencia a la figura 11, la formación de un forjado puede hacerse a partir de bloques construidos sobre una trama o teselación definida por cuadrados virtuales con un entrante (22) y saliente (23) en cada uno de sus lados, en este caso arqueados, configurando un entramado de formas planas (24) de contorno curvilíneo, lo que dará lugar a la formación de superficies laterales en los bloques (no representados) levantados a partir de este diseño, de geometría alabeada y de engrane perfecto entre bloques, cumpliéndose en todos los casos las condiciones exigidas al principio para constituir un forjado plano autoportante.Making special reference to the figure now 11, the formation of a floor can be done from blocks built on a plot or tessellation defined by squares virtual with an incoming (22) and outgoing (23) in each of its sides, in this case arched, configuring a network of shapes flat (24) curvilinear contour, which will lead to the formation of side surfaces in the blocks (not shown) raised from this design, warped geometry and Perfect gear between blocks, complying in all cases with conditions required at the beginning to constitute a flat floor self-supporting
Por último, en la figura 12 se representa una teselación triangular virtual (25) a partir de la que se forman entrantes y salientes del tipo últimamente comentado, donde cada cara lateral del bloque construido sobre ella (no representado) ha de llevar necesariamente un entrante (22) y un saliente (23) para estabilidad del forjado.Finally, in figure 12 a virtual triangular tessellation (25) from which they are formed incoming and outgoing of the type recently commented, where each side face of the block built on it (not shown) has of necessarily carrying an incoming (22) and an outgoing (23) for stability of the floor.
Claims (7)
- --
- que encajen unos en otros al ser complementarios,that fit into each other by being complementary,
- --
- que cada bloque (17, 21) posea tanto entrantes (15, 19) como salientes (16, 20) en número igual o superior a dos de cada, y a ser posible distribuidos en caras opuestas saliente-saliente, entrante-entrante,that each block (17, 21) has both incoming (15, 19) and outgoing (16, 20) in a number equal to or greater than two of each, and if possible distributed on opposite outgoing-outgoing faces, incoming-incoming,
- --
- que la forma geométrica de los entrantes (15, 19) o salientes (16, 20) respecto de las caras laterales puede ser cualquiera, definida por caras planas o por superficies curvas ya sean con simple o con doble curvatura, sinclásticas o anticlásticas.that geometric shape of the incoming (15, 19) or outgoing (16, 20) with respect to the lateral faces it can be any, defined by flat faces or curved surfaces with either single or double curvature, synclastic or anticlastic.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200901491A ES2372106B1 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | GLASS BLOCK SELF-FORGED FORGING. |
| PCT/ES2010/000279 WO2010149807A2 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-06-23 | Self-supporting slab comprising glass blocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200901491A ES2372106B1 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | GLASS BLOCK SELF-FORGED FORGING. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2372106A1 true ES2372106A1 (en) | 2012-01-16 |
| ES2372106B1 ES2372106B1 (en) | 2012-08-03 |
Family
ID=43386956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200901491A Active ES2372106B1 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | GLASS BLOCK SELF-FORGED FORGING. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2372106B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010149807A2 (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190508392A (en) * | 1905-04-19 | 1906-03-01 | William Porritt Ingham | Improvements in Bricks or Blocks for Building, Paving, the Construction of Floors or other purposes. |
| US888530A (en) * | 1906-01-23 | 1908-05-26 | John H Pugh | Tile. |
| FR612885A (en) * | 1926-03-17 | 1926-11-03 | Improvements to road, floor and wall coverings | |
| FR2034809A1 (en) * | 1969-03-11 | 1970-12-18 | Cusco Juan | |
| US3931700A (en) * | 1974-08-16 | 1976-01-13 | The Raymond Lee Organization, Inc. | Surfaces produced by interlocking members |
| FR2279899A1 (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1976-02-20 | Busseuil Jacques | Interlocking wall or paving elements - has laminated form with edge mortises and tenons |
| GB2134561A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1984-08-15 | Christopher Douglas Hodson | Paving blocks |
| ES2237989A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2005-08-01 | Universidad De Sevilla | Self-supporting glass block for use during construction of floor, has flat roof combined with band, gasket material filled between flat roof and band, and hoop provided with band to absorb horizontal thrusts |
-
2009
- 2009-06-26 ES ES200901491A patent/ES2372106B1/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-06-23 WO PCT/ES2010/000279 patent/WO2010149807A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190508392A (en) * | 1905-04-19 | 1906-03-01 | William Porritt Ingham | Improvements in Bricks or Blocks for Building, Paving, the Construction of Floors or other purposes. |
| US888530A (en) * | 1906-01-23 | 1908-05-26 | John H Pugh | Tile. |
| FR612885A (en) * | 1926-03-17 | 1926-11-03 | Improvements to road, floor and wall coverings | |
| FR2034809A1 (en) * | 1969-03-11 | 1970-12-18 | Cusco Juan | |
| FR2279899A1 (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1976-02-20 | Busseuil Jacques | Interlocking wall or paving elements - has laminated form with edge mortises and tenons |
| US3931700A (en) * | 1974-08-16 | 1976-01-13 | The Raymond Lee Organization, Inc. | Surfaces produced by interlocking members |
| GB2134561A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1984-08-15 | Christopher Douglas Hodson | Paving blocks |
| ES2237989A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2005-08-01 | Universidad De Sevilla | Self-supporting glass block for use during construction of floor, has flat roof combined with band, gasket material filled between flat roof and band, and hoop provided with band to absorb horizontal thrusts |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2372106B1 (en) | 2012-08-03 |
| WO2010149807A2 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| WO2010149807A3 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
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