ES2362513A1 - Transparent-block floor - Google Patents
Transparent-block floor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2362513A1 ES2362513A1 ES200800394A ES200800394A ES2362513A1 ES 2362513 A1 ES2362513 A1 ES 2362513A1 ES 200800394 A ES200800394 A ES 200800394A ES 200800394 A ES200800394 A ES 200800394A ES 2362513 A1 ES2362513 A1 ES 2362513A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- blocks
- transparent
- vault
- floor
- block floor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009424 underpinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/46—Special adaptation of floors for transmission of light, e.g. by inserts of glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/42—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings of glass or other transparent material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
- E04C2/546—Slab-like translucent elements made of glass bricks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Mejoras introducidas en el objeto de la patente principal nº P 200301144 por: "Suelo de bloques autoportante sin armaduras interiores".Improvements introduced in the object of the patent main number P 200301144 by: "Self-supporting block floor without interior trusses. "
La presente invención consiste en una serie de bloques realizados con material transparente con idéntica forma entre sí, los cuales mediante un sistema de encaje mutuo componen una bóveda plana transparente o translúcida quedando en contacto entre sí a través de una delgada junta sin armaduras dispuestas entre los bloques, aportando mayor ligereza y transparencia a la estructura sobre la que apoya dicha bóveda al reducir tanto el peso de esta bóveda como de sus correspondientes empujes horizontales.The present invention consists of a series of blocks made of transparent material with identical shape each other, which by means of a system of mutual fit make up a transparent or translucent flat vault being in contact each other through a thin joint without armor arranged between the blocks, providing greater lightness and transparency to the structure on which said vault rests by reducing both the weight of this vault as its corresponding thrusts horizontal.
La invención tiene su aplicación en el ámbito de la edificación tanto como forjado de piso como cubierta que ilumina una estancia inferior.The invention has its application in the field of the building both as floor slab and roof that illuminates a lower stay.
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Desde antiguo se han realizado bóvedas en diversos materiales. En las bóvedas es determinante el espesor de las piezas o dovelas y la relación entre la flecha y la luz de la bóveda, es decir, la altura de la bóveda en proporción a su anchura.Since ancient times vaults have been made in various materials In the vaults the thickness of the pieces or segments and the relationship between the arrow and the light of the vault, that is, the height of the vault in proportion to its width.
Una de las aspiraciones de arquitectos y canteros desde hace siglos era construir bóvedas planas que permitieran obtener techos planos más funcionales y por ello obtener también un trasdós (superficie exterior convexa de la bóveda, que no queda a la vista) lo más plano posible, para colocar encima un piso habitable u otra solución constructiva.One of the aspirations of architects and stonecutters for centuries was to build flat vaults that allowed to obtain more functional flat roofs and therefore obtain also a trasdós (convex outer surface of the vault, which does not is visible) as flat as possible, to place a floor on top habitable or other constructive solution.
En España existen ejemplos notables de bóvedas planas o casi planas, entre ellas: la bóveda plana bajo el sotocoro en la entrada a la Basílica del Escorial, con traza de Juan de Herrera (s. XVI) ó las bóvedas casi planas del la cripta de la catedral de Cádiz (s. XVIII-XIX, por Vicente Acero). En estos casos la bóveda se construye con dovelas cuya forma procede de un despiece radial. Por ello aparecen como mínimo tantos tipos de dovelas como el número de círculos en los que se dividan las bóvedas realizadas mediante este método de construcción.In Spain there are notable examples of vaults flat or almost flat, including: the flat vault under the basement at the entrance to the Basilica del Escorial, with a trace of Juan de Herrera (16th century) or the almost flat vaults of the crypt of the Cádiz Cathedral (18th-19th century, by Vicente Acero). In these cases the vault is built with segments whose shape comes of a radial exploded view. Therefore, at least so many types of make them as the number of circles in which the vaults are divided made using this construction method.
Otra de las aspiraciones desde antiguo es producir entradas de luz desde el techo.Another of the aspirations since ancient times is produce light inputs from the ceiling.
Esto fue posible desde el s. XIX gracias a la extensión del vidrio y del hierro (ya fuera fundición o acero). En el s. XX se extendió un sistema de forjado que puede ser usado al exterior y que se denomina "pavés" y de forma más precisa "forjado de hormigón translúcido". Las características esenciales de este tipo de forjado son: que se trata de una losa armada, que posee por tanto una armadura de redondos de acero que resisten los esfuerzos de flexión; y que sustituye las bovedillas u otro sistema de aligeramiento por bloques de vidrio transparente o translúcido.This was possible since s. XIX thanks to the extension of glass and iron (either cast iron or steel). In the s. XX extended a floor system that can be used when exterior and that is called "pavés" and more precisely "forged of translucent concrete". The characteristics Essentials of this type of slab are: that it is a slab armed, which therefore has a round steel armor that resist bending efforts; and that replaces the vaults u other clear glass block lightening system or translucent.
Existen también diversas patentes relativamente recientes que modifican este sistema de pavés aportando diversas ventajas adicionales, como son el uso de una rejilla de soporte que simplifica la construcción (PCT/US96/18.268 y US4999964), o la patente a la que se adiciona este documento (ES 2 237 989 B1, P200301144) en la que se dispone el uso de bloques de vidrio sin necesidad de armadura intercalada.There are also several relatively patents Recent changes in this system of pavements providing various additional advantages, such as the use of a support grid that simplifies construction (PCT / US96 / 18.268 and US4999964), or the patent to which this document is added (ES 2 237 989 B1, P200301144) in which the use of glass blocks without need for interleaved armor.
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Figura 1.- Dos vistas en perspectiva de un bloque tipo.Figure 1.- Two perspective views of a type block
Figura 2.- Vista en perspectiva de una losa constituida por bloques aligerados, parcialmente seccionada, siendo:Figure 2.- Perspective view of a slab constituted by lightened blocks, partially sectioned, being:
- 1)one)
- bloque transparentetransparent block
- 2)2)
- junta entre bloques transparentesboard between transparent blocks
- 3)3)
- vigas perimetralesperimeter beams
- 4)4)
- armadura longitudinal y transversal de las vigas perimetraleslongitudinal and transverse reinforcement of the beams perimeter
- 5)5)
- encofrado provisional de las vigas perimetrales y de los bloques.provisional formwork of perimeter beams and the blocks.
Figura 3.- Vista de un bloque hueco en su interior, parcialmente seccionado para su mejor comprensión.Figure 3.- View of a hollow block in its interior, partially sectioned for better understanding.
Figura 4.- Vista de un bloque ahuecado por su parte inferior, parcialmente seccionado para su mejor comprensión.Figure 4.- View of a block hollowed out by its bottom, partially sectioned for best understanding.
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La presente invención consiste en una bóveda plana transparente o traslúcida compuesta por una serie de bloques realizados en material transparente (1). Todos estos bloques tienen la misma forma, y poseen un sistema de encaje mutuo. Dicha bóveda debe apoyar sobre una estructura perimetral, constituida por ejemplo con vigas (3), que resista tanto el peso de esta bóveda como de sus correspondientes empujes horizontales.The present invention consists of a vault transparent or translucent flat composed of a series of blocks made of transparent material (1). All these blocks have the same way, and they have a mutual fit system. That vault must support on a perimeter structure, constituted for example with beams (3), that resists both the weight of this vault and its corresponding horizontal thrusts.
Los bloques transparentes o translúcidos (1) pueden estar realizados con resinas sintéticas y pueden presentar aligeramientos diversos, o formas cóncavas, lo que permite varias posibilidades, por ejemplo, bloques de vidrio aligerados, bloques de resina sin aligerar o bloques de resina aligerada.Transparent or translucent blocks (1) they can be made with synthetic resins and can present various lightening, or concave shapes, allowing several possibilities, for example, lightened glass blocks, blocks of Unlightened resin or lightened resin blocks.
La estructura de apoyo se compone de una serie de vigas perimetrales (3), que pueden estar realizados en cualquiera de los materiales habituales en edificación para estructuras: hormigón armado o acero.The support structure consists of a series of perimeter beams (3), which can be made in any of the usual building materials for structures: reinforced concrete or steel.
El material de junta entre los bloques (2) puede ser cualquiera adecuado de entre los productos convencionales de sellado y junta que se usan en edificación, por ejemplo: morteros de cemento, morteros poliméricos, o resinas sintéticas, o incluso carecer de dicho material "a hueso".The joint material between the blocks (2) can be any suitable among the conventional products of sealing and gasket used in building, for example: mortars cement, polymeric mortars, or synthetic resins, or even lacking said material "to the bone".
Entre las vigas perimetrales (3) y los bloques (1) se interpondrá un material de junta adecuado, ya sea hormigón, mortero de resina o resina, de manera similar a como se ha descrito antes.Between the perimeter beams (3) and the blocks (1) a suitable joint material, whether concrete, will be interposed resin or resin mortar, similar to what has been described before.
Como resultado se obtiene una losa que es en realidad una bóveda plana. Puede usarse para iluminar estancias inferiores a través suyo, se pueden aprovechar los efectos decorativos que ofrece, y puede ser pisado por su parte superior.As a result you get a slab that is in actually a flat vault. It can be used to illuminate rooms lower through you, you can take advantage of the effects decorative offered, and can be stepped on your part higher.
En caso de disponer esta invención a la intemperie, el material de junta entre los bloques (2) debe resolver el sellado impermeabilizante o bien se debe realizar un sellado para lograr dicha impermeabilización. Se debe tener en cuenta que cuando este forjado acuse las deformaciones propias de su peso podrá sufrir una fisuración similar a la de cualquier otra placa apoyada en el perímetro.If this invention is provided to the weathering, the joint material between the blocks (2) must resolve the waterproofing seal or a seal must be made to achieve said waterproofing. It should be borne in mind that when this forging acknowledges the deformations of its weight may suffer a cracking similar to that of any other plate supported by the perimeter.
Su ventaja principal respecto de las soluciones de bóveda plana es que gracias a la posibilidad de disponer piezas aligeradas o cóncavas, y al hecho de usar resinas sintéticas como material de dichas piezas, se obtiene una construcción más ligera, lo que redunda en un ahorro evidente en la estructura que lo soporta, por tanto en las vigas perimetrales (3), ya que se reducen los pesos y los empujes. Frente a soluciones de forjado de hormigón traslúcido, la presente invención aporta también mayor ligereza y transparencia, teniendo en cuenta que en esta invención no existen armaduras dispuestas entre los bloques.Your main advantage over solutions flat vault is that thanks to the possibility of arranging parts lightened or concave, and the fact of using synthetic resins as material of said parts, a lighter construction is obtained, which results in an obvious saving in the structure that supports, therefore in the perimeter beams (3), since they are reduced Weights and thrusts. Facing concrete forging solutions translucent, the present invention also provides greater lightness and transparency, taking into account that in this invention there are no armor arranged between the blocks.
Además de la reducción de peso y empuje se obtienen otras ventajas:In addition to weight reduction and thrust it They get other advantages:
- --
- Poder usar materiales menos rígidos como bloques.Power use less rigid materials as blocks.
- --
- Que las deformaciones y por tanto las flechas que sufra este tipo de forjado son menores a igualdad de dimensiones.Than the deformations and therefore the arrows that suffer this type of Forged are less than equal dimensions.
- --
- Que como consecuencia de lo anterior el forjado se fisura menos y es más fácil lograr la impermeabilización de la cara superior para evitar filtraciones del agua de lluvia.Than as a consequence of the above, the slab cracks less and is more easy to achieve waterproofing of the upper face to avoid rainwater leaks.
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El ejemplo de realización que se describe se apoya en vigas perimetrales de hormigón armado (3), según se muestra en la figura 2.The exemplary embodiment described is supports perimeter beams of reinforced concrete (3), as shown in figure 2.
Se disponen los encofrados (5) debidamente apuntalados que soportarán la nueva losa a base de bloques (1) y las vigas perimetrales de apoyo (3).Formwork is arranged (5) properly underpinnings that will support the new block-based slab (1) and the perimeter support beams (3).
Se colocan las armaduras de las vigas (4). A continuación se colocan los bloques transparentes (1) con la junta entre ellos (2) de mortero polimérico. Se hormigona el volumen que corresponde a las vigas perimetrales (3) hasta el contacto con los bloques (1) del perímetro.The reinforcement of the beams (4) are placed. TO then the transparent blocks (1) are placed with the gasket among them (2) polymeric mortar. The volume is concreted corresponds to the perimeter beams (3) until contact with the blocks (1) of the perimeter.
Una vez endurecido suficientemente el hormigón se retiran los encofrados (5). Una vez asentado el nuevo forjado, transcurridos varios días, se procede al sellado de las juntas (2) por la cara superior mediante silicona transparente para asegurar la impermeabilización.Once the concrete has hardened sufficiently formwork is removed (5). Once the new floor is settled, After several days, the seals are sealed (2) by the upper face by transparent silicone to ensure the waterproofing
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200800394A ES2362513B1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2008-02-06 | IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE OBJECT OF THE MAIN PATENT P200301144 BY "SOIL OF SELF-SUPPORTING BLOCKS WITHOUT INTERIOR ARMORS". |
| PCT/ES2009/000063 WO2009098338A2 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2009-02-05 | Transparent-block floor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200800394A ES2362513B1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2008-02-06 | IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE OBJECT OF THE MAIN PATENT P200301144 BY "SOIL OF SELF-SUPPORTING BLOCKS WITHOUT INTERIOR ARMORS". |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2362513A1 true ES2362513A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
| ES2362513B1 ES2362513B1 (en) | 2012-02-14 |
Family
ID=40952500
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200800394A Expired - Fee Related ES2362513B1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2008-02-06 | IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE OBJECT OF THE MAIN PATENT P200301144 BY "SOIL OF SELF-SUPPORTING BLOCKS WITHOUT INTERIOR ARMORS". |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2362513B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009098338A2 (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190508392A (en) * | 1905-04-19 | 1906-03-01 | William Porritt Ingham | Improvements in Bricks or Blocks for Building, Paving, the Construction of Floors or other purposes. |
| GB191021130A (en) * | 1909-11-20 | 1911-03-09 | Friedrich Ludwig Keppler | Improvements in Glazed Ferro-concrete Structures such as Floors. |
| GB857635A (en) * | 1958-02-27 | 1961-01-04 | Friedrich Karl Johnssen | Improvements in or relating to roof, ceiling, pavement or wall lights |
| GB1473455A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1977-05-11 | Kurata T | Wall structure of interfitting glass blocks |
| WO1994025700A1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-10 | Turnstone Construction Limited | A method of glazing and glazing elements for use therein |
| US5836125A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-11-17 | Regina; Samuel R. | Interlocking translucent blocks |
| EP0898028A2 (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-02-24 | General Electric Company | Thermoplastic building blocks |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2237989B1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2006-12-01 | Universidad De Sevilla | SOIL OF SELF-SUPPORTING GLASS BLOCKS WITHOUT INTERIOR ARMORS. |
-
2008
- 2008-02-06 ES ES200800394A patent/ES2362513B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-02-05 WO PCT/ES2009/000063 patent/WO2009098338A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190508392A (en) * | 1905-04-19 | 1906-03-01 | William Porritt Ingham | Improvements in Bricks or Blocks for Building, Paving, the Construction of Floors or other purposes. |
| GB191021130A (en) * | 1909-11-20 | 1911-03-09 | Friedrich Ludwig Keppler | Improvements in Glazed Ferro-concrete Structures such as Floors. |
| GB857635A (en) * | 1958-02-27 | 1961-01-04 | Friedrich Karl Johnssen | Improvements in or relating to roof, ceiling, pavement or wall lights |
| GB1473455A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1977-05-11 | Kurata T | Wall structure of interfitting glass blocks |
| WO1994025700A1 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-10 | Turnstone Construction Limited | A method of glazing and glazing elements for use therein |
| US5836125A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-11-17 | Regina; Samuel R. | Interlocking translucent blocks |
| EP0898028A2 (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-02-24 | General Electric Company | Thermoplastic building blocks |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009098338A2 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| ES2362513B1 (en) | 2012-02-14 |
| WO2009098338A3 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
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