ES2340132A1 - Self-levelling foundation system for transportable buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-levelling foundation system for transportable buildings, especially designed for mobile modular dwellings or buildings. Said system is characterised in that it has a set of mechanical jacks (hydraulic, pneumatic or electric) (1) strategically arranged in the vertical of some structural supports of the modular building (15) (15') (15''), the lower frame thereof being traditional or consisting of transformed semi-trailers (11) (11') (11'') that can laterally couple together and adopt different levels until they are horizontally fixed together, by means of the lengthening (or shortening) of the struts (6) (6') of the jacks (1) that can also maintain, at any moment, the pre-determined level of the building, whatever the height of the foundation support plate (13) selected or the slump that said support can be subjected to over time, due to a regulation that is manual or automated using domotics.

Description

Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to resolve efficiently, the temporary or permanent foundation of a transportable property from one place to another, either transitory or definitive, whose support ground is not sufficiently prepared to avoid the lack of settlement of said building or because may have significant unevenness between the different points of support of said transportable building.

Background of the invention

The denomination of "property" makes reference, as the name implies, to something that "does not move," of there that in this category are the lots and the buildings as opposed to movable elements that may stand in them.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, and given the great development of the automotive and the roads of communication, together with the greatest mobility of people and their activities in the current society, have led to develop calls "mobil home "or transportable houses.

Within this line of mobile buildings and therefore included in the consideration of "furniture" in place of "real estate", and depending on its weight and size to transport, the well-known "roulottes" or small caravans dragged by cars, or houses Transportable large prefabricated modules, which they are carried on loading platforms dragged by the head tractor of a truck.

While the caravans have low townhouses they, light retractable systems to support on any terrain complementing the wheels on which it loads when trailed circulate, prefabricated houses by modules, require of a land prepared to support or cement definitively, to what is required complement the necessary attachments to achieve said definitive support with concrete or small blocks foundations, or a land already prepared for this purpose.

It is common for the weather and in particular rains, change the surface state of the land (when it is not a rocky area), losing compactness and altering its bearing or resistant capacity.

In the camping caravans, the previous fact does not have the greatest importance, given the usual short duration of the camping together with the easy manual control of the retractable supports by its owner, during his temporary trip, which cannot be allowed in modular buildings Transportable larger, which therefore require a preparation of the land, being its most definitive settlement and not having to depend on post adjustments
riores.

Faced with these two opposing situations between caravans or mobile homes of small loads and exempt from foundation, in front of the large modular prefabricated houses with higher loads and the need for a support surface paved next to cement accessories, this patent raises the solution to the need to find an intermediate option to be able to cement permanently or temporarily, houses of various loads on non-level terrain, which usually suffer from various settlements, due to weather changes or seismic movements and either for a temporary or definitive location.

Description of the invention

The system that the invention proposes solves in a fully satisfactory way the previously exposed problem, so that with it it is feasible to lay the foundations of the two types of transportable buildings described above, although slightly modified, thus being able to settle on any terrain, either this horizontal or not, and whether it is a surface that has been compacted or asphalted, or has not been affirmed
mado

Specifically, the system that is recommended, It is based on achieving the proper interrelation of hydraulic cats characteristic of automotive technology, incorporated into the structural organization of the supports and footings of the houses mobile or modular real estate transported, coordinated with each other from manually or through a self-leveling home automation system, which is applicable to homes carried by a vehicle, as transported on the platform of a truck.

The self-leveling foundation system for Transportable buildings proposed, offers a double clearly differentiated possibility referred to the form of incorporated into it, as it is incorporated directly into the own structure of the mobile building to be transported, or that by on the contrary, it is the building that is incorporated on the structure of the mobile automotive platform, where previously the self-leveling foundation system has been arranged.

So, starting from the basic components of a hydraulic or electric cat and disposing it between the building structure and support on the ground, we will have a vertical lengthening or shortening distance, which together with the incorporation of rotating and tilting wheels in the part lower, will allow us to seat the modular building to different heights and even move it horizontally on rails, to can be coupled side modules with others.

The system also allows, when incorporated over a properly transformed semi-trailer, which the structure of it becomes the lower floor of the building, including with the possibility of removing the undercarriage from the semi-trailer to be available at different levels of transport.

In both cases, with the incorporation of each of the cats in the vertical of the different supports (either directly in each of them or previously going through the transport support platform) the same goal is achieved desired, consisting of reaching a horizontal leveling height uniform, interrelated with each other (regularizing by hand or domotically each of the jacks of the supports with their respective settlements) the height differences of the base of each support of the various foundations until reaching the level prefixed. And this whether the level variations occur in the same time of assembly or are out of date due to reasons of deferred settlement of land or earthquakes.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that is being performing and in order to reach a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, is accompanied herein descriptive, as an integral part of it, a set of drawings that for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the next:

Figure 1.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective and exploded, the synthesis detail of a mechanical, hydraulic or electric jack.

Figure 1A.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective and in detail, the previous mechanical jack, without waking up

Figure 1B.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective and in detail, the previous cat with its medium elongated rod and with its tilting support wheels semigiradas with respect to figure 1A.

Figure 1C.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective and in detail, the previous cat with its fully elongated rod and with its wheels rotated 90º with respect to Figure 1A

Figure 2.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the detail of the cat of figure 1A, before looking at building beams and before enter into a metal support.

Figure 2A.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the detail of the cat of figure 2, a once fixed in the building beams and already introduced within a metal support of it.

Figure 2B.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the detail of the cat of figure 2A, with its extended rod and with its wheels located on the rail prepared in the foundation shoe, where it can slide.

Figure 3.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the transformed semi-trailer of a truck, with corresponding rear wheels and front legs resting, to which four cats like those of the Figure 1, as if it were the setting of a building prefabricated whose beam structure, constitutes the structure of the semi-trailer, following what is stated in figure 2A.

Figure 4.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the semi-trailer of the previous figure, where cats have lengthened to support plates foundation, as shown in Figure 2B in detail.

Figure 5.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the same semi-trailer of figure 3, raised by its four elongated cats and supported on the foundation plates, in order to remove the undercarriage from I platform, having raised enough to a height "H" maximum.

Figure 6.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the semi-trailer of figure 3, where the cats have lowered their height, thanks to having previously retired the undercarriage, up to a minimum "h" height.

Figure 7.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the base of the semi-column with its four cats added, at the time of coupling the upper part of the structure of a prefabricated building, embedding the cats

Figure 7A.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the semi-column with four cats added, once the aerial structure of a building is finished prefabricated.

Figure 8.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, two semi-trailers equivalent to those of Figure 7A, next to the foundation plates where they will support, being a third central semi-trailer (which does not incorporate jacks) ready to place it in line with the other two.

Figure 8A.- Sample, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the three semi-trailers of the figure previous, located already in parallel, and before proceeding to its assembly assembly.

Figure 9.- Shows, according to an elevation view later, the three semi-trailers of figure 8A, having both side semitrailers extended jacks, to lift the train of ground filming.

Figure 9A.- Sample, according to a view in side elevation, one of the semi-trailers of figure 8A, where appreciate that the undercarriage is in the air, having lifted the structure by the corresponding extended cats.

Figure 10.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the three semi-trailers of figure 8A, having raised the sides with their corresponding cats, allowing to separate from them the respective undercarriages.

Figure 10A.- Sample, according to a view in side elevation, the semi-trailer of figure 9A, or one of the sides of figure 10, but once it has been disengaged from He his undercarriage.

Figure 11.- Shows, according to a view in rear elevation, the three building modules of figure 9, having lowered the height of the two sides with their cats, until leveling with the central semitrailer, to be able to Screw all of them together.

Figure 11A.- Sample, according to a schematic representation in perspective, the three modules of previous building, willing to move on their cats with wheels, until they can be assembled laterally with each other.

Figure 12.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the three building modules of the Figure 11A, where the right side has moved over the wheeled jacks resting on its foundation plate, up to engage and screw with the central semi-trailer.

Figure 12A.- Sample, according to a view in rear elevation, the three building modules of figure 11, having approached the right side towards the semi-trailer central, to assemble and screw the two together.

Figure 12B.- Sample, according to a view in rear elevation, the three building modules of figure 12A, having approached the left side towards the semi-trailer central, to finish assembling and screwing the 3 modules between yes.

Figure 13.- Shows, according to a representation schematic in perspective, the three building modules already assembled from figure 12B, in the process of removing the train from taxiing that was under the central semi-trailer.

Figure 14.- Shows, according to a view in side elevation, the set of building modules of the Figure 13 (no longer undercarriages), with their cats and stems extended resting on their shoes to a height "H" maximum

Figure 14A.- Sample, according to a view in side elevation, the set of building modules of the previous figure, with its cats and stems collected up to a height "h" minimum.

Figure 14B.- Sample, according to a schematic representation in perspective, the three modules of assembled building of figure 13, but in this case with the cats in a very low position.

Figure 15.- Shows, according to a view in side elevation, one of the previous building modules, with foundation jacks in different lengths, given the unevenness existing between the terrain of the front and that of the part back of the building.

Figure 16.- Shows, according to a view in rear elevation, how each of the building modules above it accommodates with the different length of its cats, to the two levels of the land, between the sides of the building.

Figure 16A.- Sample, according to a view in rear elevation, the foundation of the building modules on a land that has not been leveled.

Figure 16B.- Sample, according to a view in rear elevation, the punctual seat produced on the ground and the corresponding self-leveling of building modules, thanks to the lengthening practiced by the cat that supports, along with the rotation of the wheels of the same, on the shoe that has yielded.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

In this embodiment of the invention, we will consider as preferred the case that the lower structure of the modular or forged building, be part of the semi-trailer or transport base, conveniently transformed for this, leaving as a similar and more simplified solution, that of apply the corresponding foundation jacks to those buildings that are transported, without constituting the module of building, part of the transport semi-trailer.

Initially and to better understand the invention proposal, we will summarize the essence of what a cat is (1), which is shown in Figure 1, and which consists of a stem (6) that can enter or leave telescopically from its sheath (2) (it is say, lengthen or shorten), and may be coupled in this case, a plate (3) to be fixed with screws (4) and nuts (5) about a certain structural element, and whose cat is they incorporate in their final end wheels (7) swivel laterally and vertically tilting, to be able to slide over its base of support or foundation.

Hydraulic (pressure) or electrical technology (turn) that drives said mechanical jacks, to get their lengthening or shortening, is well known as its regulation mechanics for both an individual or several coordinated between yes, so it is not considered necessary in this case, delve deeper in this aspect.

The awakened cat of figure 1 is shown in the following figures, once assembled and in three situations different: collected in figure 1A with its wheels in one direction; semi-long with semi-rotated wheels in figure 1B and extended with the wheels turned 90º in figure 1C, being able in all Cases swing your wheels.

Thanks to the incorporation of the plate (3) in the cat (1), this can be screwed to fundamental elements of the modular structure of the building to be transported, which is shown in figure 2 in the screwing process and in the figure 2A once completed the same, so that the cat (1) with its cover (2) can be perfectly embedded in the hollow of a hollow tubular support (8) typical of profile construction metallic, which are welded in turn with angles (9) (9 ') to the structural beams (10) (10 ').

Figure 2B shows how the cat (1) is threading into the support (8), which supports through the angles (9) (9 ') over the beams (10) (10'). This has the advantage. which lengthening or shortening the rod (6) of the cat (1), allows vary the distance between the structure and the foundation plate (13) where the cat rests, using the corresponding wheels swivel and swingarms (7) that can travel the rail guide arranged on the foundation plate, to also allow the lateral displacement of the modular building in order to facilitate the assembly of successive modules on a field without level.

Following the procedure described above, it is possible to transform the structural base of a semi-trailer, adapting it to the requirements required by the modular building that is built on it and taking advantage of it in this case, as the own base or forged of said building.

In figure 3, the previous theory is shown applied to four hydraulic jacks (1), strategically arranged on the sides of a semi-trailer (11) with a undercarriage (12), and that they remain in collected situation during the transport.

On the contrary, and continuing now with the Figure 4, shows how cats (1) can spread so that their stems (6) (6 ') come to rest on a certain foundation (13) (13 ') and even, allow to lift from the ground to all the semi-trailer with its load or upper building included, with in order to allow the undercarriage (12) to be removed, having previously arranged screws (4) and nuts (5) provided for this, as shown in figure 5, for which cats (1) have to have their stems (6) (6 ') in extended position up to its maximum "H" height.

Completed the previous operation, it is also possible thanks to these same telescopic jacks, as seen in the Figure 6, decrease the height of the base of the modular building (or semi-trailer) to the desired level. Or, on the contrary and depending on the length of the arranged cat, increase it much more as required by the uneven terrain irregular.

In Figures 7 and 7A, the case is shown concrete shown in figures 2 and 2A, where the cats (1) remain fully embedded or wrapped in the supports (8) (8 ') (8' ') (8 '') of the structure of the prefabricated modular building, which incorporating the corresponding beams (14) (14 ') constitutes the global structure (15) of the modular building, supported by the rigging that constitutes the transformed semi-trailer (11), which in turn it has its corresponding undercarriage (12).

Once the building module has been formed (15) on the corresponding transformed semi-trailer (11), we can repeat the operation on several semi-trailers as shown in Figure 8 before assembly, where the semi-trailers laterals have the corresponding cats incorporated (1) embedded in the pillars of the structure, while the central semitrailer does not have them since it is expected that it will rest on the two sides once the three are assembled each.

In figure 8A, the three are shown transformed semi-trailers (11) (11 ') (11' ') already arranged in parallel, next to the shoes (13) (13 '), where the cats once extended.

To clearly illustrate the process of assembly and leveling of the modular components of this building, in figure 9 it is shown in rear elevation, the three semi-trailers with their structural modules (15) (15 ') (15' ') arranged parallel and both sides being raised with respect to the central, thanks to the fact that their cats have extended until you can lift your undercarriages (12) (12``) off the ground, which is perfectly illustrated in figure 9A in elevation side, where it looks like the semi-trailer (11) with the stems (6) (6 ') of their cats (1) extended, separate the train from the ground taxiing (12), to be able to unscrew and move towards outside.

The above mentioned in subsequent elevations and lateral, shown in figure 10 in perspective, leaving the Undercarriages (12) (12``) clearly removed from below their respective platforms (11) (11``), thanks to removing the screws (4) of the nuts (5) that held them to their platforms respective operation, which in turn, in figure 10A, is shown in lateral elevation, observing how the modular building (15) is resting exclusively on your cats (1) after removing the Undercarriage (12) of the transformed platform (11).

In figure 11 it is shown as once Separate undercarriages (12) (12``) from platforms lateral (11) (11``), these can be lowered back to the level of the central platform (11 '), in order to join and screw the three together with the screws (4) (4 ') and nuts (5) (5 '), thereby achieving vertical alienation of the three modules (15) (15 ') (15' '), which should be arranged on their corresponding foundation plates (13) (13 '), for which the jacks (1) have the wheels (7) arranged in the orientation to facilitate the lateral displacement of the modules, which can be seen more clearly in the perspective of the figure 11A.

The side coupling process of some modules with others, is shown in figure 12 in perspective between the transformed platforms (11) (11 ') and expands in detail rear elevation in figure 12A, where the module on the right (15) moves horizontally to the left to screw it with the central module (15 '), using the screws (4) and the corresponding nuts (5), shown in Figure 11.

Equivalently, in Figure 12B, observe how with the displacement of the left platform (11``) it approaches horizontally to the right, against the central (11 '), to which it is fixed with the corresponding screws (4') and nuts (5 ') shown in Figure 12A.

Once the three semi-trailers are bolted together (with the two sides without shafts and the central with the rolling axis still), and knowing that the sides have the corresponding cats that allow their vertical movement, manual or automated, get up again with them now at set of the three semi-trailers, in order to leave the Undercarriage (12 ') of the central semi-trailer (11') with its module prefabricated (15 '), which can be seen in the perspective of the figure 13.

In figure 14, they are already fully released the three semi-trailers of their corresponding undercarriages, although at a certain height "H" maximum. In function of the length of the cats (1) employees and the required distance until reaching the foundation plates (13) (13 ') according to the desired level of the building, acting on the stems (6) (6 ') of the cats (1), you can even reach a height "h" minimum, without more than activating the hydraulic system, electric or pneumatic of said jacks, as seen in the figure 14 TO.

In the perspective of Figure 14B, it is shown the assembly of the modular building (15) (15 ') (15' ') built on transformed platforms (11) (11 ') (11' ') once horizontalized and on a self-leveling foundation from the jacks (1) that load on the foundation plates (13) (13 ') in its position of minimum height with respect to the terrain.

While what has been exposed so far raises the foundation on a horizontal terrain, nothing prevents with that system developed, vary the height of the stems (6) (6 ') by lengthening or shortening (as required) to accommodate the modular building on land that was not horizontal, as shown in Figure 15, where there is a significant difference between the area of the high ground "H" (at the front of the platform (11)) and the high ground area "h" (in the part rear of the platform (11)), according to the longitudinal direction of the building (15).

Equivalently, the invention allows also accommodate the whole transported on land that has unevenness in the transverse direction to the building, as shown in figure 16, where in this case, the differences between "h" pampers and "H" maximum, are appreciated among the modules left and right of the building, shortening or lengthening the corresponding stems (6) (6 ') of the jacks (1) of the modules (15 '') (15) on the corresponding platforms (11 '') (11 '), always staying the central module level and screwed with The two sides.

Similar to the above is what happens in the Figure 16A, where it is shown as the building modules (15) (15 ') (15' ') have been cemented on the plates (13) (13') already totally uneven, due to being an irregular terrain and thanks to the different lengths practiced on the stems (6) (6 ') of the cats (1) with the capacity of tilting regulation of the support wheels, of the different transformed semi-trailers (11) (11 ') (11' ').

Manual or home automation operation for raising or lowering the corresponding hydraulic jacks, electric or pneumatic (1), is not developed in this Patent of Invention, since there are enough manufacturers on the market that they commercialize it for the automotive industry among others, if well had not considered apply so far for the edification.

The commented home automation systems allow your instead, act on the set of cats or individually, if appreciate alterations of level with respect to the preset values, operating in one direction or another (lengthening or shortening) the path of the stems (6) of the cats (1), in case of variations level over time by differential settlement or by seismic movements.

In Figure 16B, what is shown graphically finished exposing, that is, a differential seat produced in the shoe (13) of the foundation of the right module (15) with respect to the left module (15 '') and its shoe (13 '), which can solve automatically, as it appears already resolved in the figure, thanks to the domotized extension of the stem (6 ') and rotation of its rolled support (7) of the corresponding cat (1), achieving maintain the level of three modules (15) (15 ') (15' ') above the three platforms (11) (11 ') (11' ') without the variation of the shoe of support of one of the supports of the building, affect in mode Some to the whole building.

Exposed all of the above, it is not considered need to expand the explanation to clarify the characteristics and advantages of this new invention, which allows building on irregular lands as well as low bearing capacity, with possible settlement of the land over time or in areas with seismic movement.

Claims (8)

1, Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, which being specially designed for mobile homes or modular buildings, is characterized by having a set of mechanical jacks (hydraulic, pneumatic or electric) (1) strategically arranged in the vertical of some structural supports of the modular building (15) (15 ') (15''), whose lower floor can be traditional or constituted by transformed semi-trailers (11) (11') (11 ''), capable of laterally engaging with each other and acquiring different levels until bolted horizontally to each other, by lengthening (or shortening) the stems (6) (6 ') of the cats (1), which will also manage to maintain at all times the pre-established level of the building, whatever the height of the foundation support plate (13) chosen or the settlement that such support could acquire over time, and all this thanks to a manual adjustment to or automated with home automation. 2, Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to claim 1, characterized in that the swiveling and tilting wheels (7) are arranged at the lower end of the jacks, which allow the modular building to be moved in any direction, in addition to that fixed by the guide of the foundation plate (13). 3. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that the hydraulic, electric or pneumatic jacks (1) arranged in the vertical of the pillars, can be located or sheathed within the hollow profiles (8), or by on the contrary, if they are solid pillars, they can accommodate laterally to them. 4. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that the jacks (1) arranged in the vertical of the pillars (8) can directly undertake them, or previously cross the structure of the transformed semi-trailer (10) (10) ') of building transportation. 5. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that the jacks (1) with their stems (6) more or less extended, allow to achieve the same level between the various semi-trailers, whatever the uneven terrain, to be able to screw (4) and screw (5) to each other, to different modules that constitute the transportable building. 6. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that it allows the uncoupling of the undercarriage (12) (12 ') (12'') of the corresponding transformed semi-trailers (11) (11') (11 '') by loosening the screws (4) and nuts (5). 7. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that it allows the building to be stabilized at various levels of height ("H" maximum) ("h" minimum), according to the requirements required. 8. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that one or a set of shoes has independent or related circuits. 9. Self-leveling foundation system for transportable buildings, according to previous claims, characterized in that the regulation of each of the jacks, is practiced manually or automatically by home automation with the corresponding valves or actuators of the different independent circuits.