ES2284378A1 - Installation for hydroponic culture - Google Patents

Installation for hydroponic culture Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2284378A1
ES2284378A1 ES200600490A ES200600490A ES2284378A1 ES 2284378 A1 ES2284378 A1 ES 2284378A1 ES 200600490 A ES200600490 A ES 200600490A ES 200600490 A ES200600490 A ES 200600490A ES 2284378 A1 ES2284378 A1 ES 2284378A1
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Spain
Prior art keywords
installation
roots
holes
plants
nutrients
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Granted
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ES200600490A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2284378B1 (en
Inventor
Lorenzo Belmonte Navarro
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Instain S L
INSTAIN SL
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Instain S L
INSTAIN SL
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Priority to ES200600490A priority Critical patent/ES2284378B1/en
Priority to PCT/ES2007/000108 priority patent/WO2007099186A1/en
Publication of ES2284378A1 publication Critical patent/ES2284378A1/en
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Publication of ES2284378B1 publication Critical patent/ES2284378B1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/04—Flower-pot saucers
    • A01G9/047—Channels or gutters, e.g. for hydroponics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

The installation has a pair of support rods (1) from which hang a plurality of plastic sheets (6-9) that form superposed dihedrons with communication holes (8) that allow the passage, in cascade, of the water containing the nutrients, and which in turn allows the passage of the roots (7) of the plants (5). Said roots ultimately block the holes (8), preventing the cascade effect, and the invention consists in arranging on the ridge of the channels (6-6'-9) tubular strips (10) that are normally kept flattened and that periodically receive pressurized air, which causes them to adopt a cylindrical configuration, this moving the roots (7) of the plants and thereby eliminating possible clogging of the holes (8) and providing oxygen to the installation, thus promoting plant growth.

Description

Instalación para cultivo hidropónico.Installation for hydroponic cultivation.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a una instalación específicamente destinada a cultivos hidropónicos, es decir a cultivos sin tierra, en los que la alimentación de las plantas se lleva a cabo mediante aportación de agua con los nutrientes apropiados.The present invention relates to a installation specifically for hydroponic crops, is say to crops without soil, in which the feeding of plants are carried out by providing water with the appropriate nutrients.

El objeto de la invención es evitar que el normal enraizamiento de la planta genere problemas de obstrucción o canalización del agua portadora de los nutrientes en el seno de la instalación.The object of the invention is to prevent the normal rooting of the plant generates problems of obstruction or channeling of the carrier water of nutrients within the installation.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

Como es sabido, el cultivo hidropónico consiste en un procedimiento artificial de cultivo, que se efectúa normalmente en cubetas de poca profundidad, a las que se aporta un líquido fertilizante, con una formulación adecuada a las exigencias de nutrientes del tipo específico de planta a cultivar, de manera que con una iluminación apropiada, que puede ser también artificial, la adecuada concentración y proporción de nutrientes disueltos en agua hace que las condiciones de crecimiento de las plantas sean óptimas y que, en consecuencia, la productividad en el cultivo sea muy superior a la de los sistemas clásicos.As is known, hydroponic cultivation consists of in an artificial culture procedure, which is carried out normally in shallow cuvettes, to which a fertilizer liquid, with a formulation appropriate to the requirements of nutrients of the specific type of plant to be cultivated, so that with proper lighting, which can also be artificial, adequate concentration and proportion of nutrients dissolved in water causes the growth conditions of the plants are optimal and that, consequently, productivity in the cultivation is far superior to that of classical systems.

Paralelamente se consiguen otra serie de ventajas tales como una mayor densidad de plantación, una perfecta protección de las raíces y de la planta en su conjunto frente a la acción de los agentes patógenos, etc.In parallel, another series of advantages such as higher planting density, perfect root and plant protection as a whole against the action of pathogens, etc.

Sin embargo los cultivos hidropónicos presentan un problema de capital importancia, que se centra en los medios de sustentación física de la planta. La raíz de las plantas tiene una doble función, por un lado absorber los nutrientes que la planta necesita y, por otro, constituir el soporte físico para la misma mediante su enraizamiento al suelo.However hydroponic crops present a problem of capital importance, which focuses on the means of physical support of the plant. The root of the plants has a double function, on the one hand absorb nutrients that the plant need and, on the other, constitute the physical support for it by rooting it to the ground.

En los cultivos hidropónicos, al no ser necesaria la utilización de tierra, desaparece el clásico soporte físico para la planta, debiendo dicho soporte clásico ser sustituido por otro que no afecte negativamente al cultivo en ninguno de los aspectos anteriormente comentados. En este sentido y como soporte físico de enraizamiento, se utilizan materias inertes, como por ejemplo arena de granulometría alta, que en ocasiones es difícil de conseguir, que en cualquier caso tiene un costo importante y que además establece una serie de limitaciones para la instalación de cultivo, en función de su naturaleza y de su peso.In hydroponic crops, not being the use of land is necessary, the classic support disappears physical for the plant, said classic support must be replaced by another that does not adversely affect the crop in None of the aspects mentioned above. In this sense and as rooting physical support, inert materials are used, such as high granulometry sand, which is sometimes difficult to obtain, which in any case has a cost important and that also establishes a series of limitations for the cultivation facility, depending on its nature and its weight.

Además, aunque la arena es efectivamente un material inerte, puede ser portadora de gérmenes nocivos para las plantas, por lo que se hace imprescindible una fase previa de lavado a fondo de la misma, que a su vez repercute también negativamente en el aspecto económico.In addition, although the sand is indeed a inert material, can be a carrier of harmful germs for plants, so it becomes essential a previous phase of thorough washing of it, which in turn also impacts negatively in the economic aspect.

Este problema se resuelve con el procedimiento de cultivo hidropónico y el complementario dispositivo para su puesta en práctica, que describe la patente de invención P 9601651, de la que es titular el propio solicitante.This problem is resolved with the procedure. hydroponic culture and the complementary device for implementation, which describes the invention patent P 9601651, of which the applicant himself owns.

En ésta patente se prevé la utilización de un dispositivo consistente en una pareja de soportes filiformes y paralelos, de los que quedan suspendidos una pluralidad de cuerpos laminares, que forman diedros de diferentes amplitudes, de los que el inferior, que a su vez es el exterior, está totalmente cerrado actuando como colector general del dispositivo, mientras que los restantes constituyen canalizaciones intermedias para el líquido fertilizante, que accede a la instalación a través de tubos conductores, pero que pasa además de una a otra canalización, en cascada, mediante orificios practicados en la arista de los diedros configurados por dichos cuerpos laminares, o en las paredes laterales de los mismos.This patent provides for the use of a device consisting of a pair of filiform supports and parallel, of which a plurality of bodies are suspended laminar, which form dihedral of different amplitudes, of which the lower one, which in turn is the outside, is completely closed acting as general collector of the device, while the remaining constitute intermediate pipes for the liquid fertilizer, which accesses the facility through tubes conductors, but what happens besides one to another channeling, in waterfall, through holes made in the edge of the dihedral configured by said laminar bodies, or on the walls sides of them.

Esta solución, perfectamente válida desde el punto de vista teórico, presenta en la práctica problemas importantes derivados de que las raíces de las plantas tienden a alojarse en los orificios citados, por ser donde se produce una mayor concentración de nutrientes, obstruyéndolos y eliminando la comunicación entre los diferentes niveles de la instalación de cultivo, lo que hace desaparecer el efecto cascada para la mezcla agua-nutrientes a que se ha hecho mención con anterioridad.This solution, perfectly valid from the theoretical point of view, presents in practice problems important derivatives that plant roots tend to staying in the mentioned holes, because it is where a higher concentration of nutrients, clogging them and eliminating the communication between the different levels of the installation of crop, which makes the cascade effect disappear for mixing water-nutrients to which mention has been made with anteriority.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

La instalación para cultivo hidropónico que la invención propone ha sido concebida y estructurada en orden a resolver de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta, y ello en base a conseguir una movilización periódica de las raíces de las plantas, desatorando los orificios de comunicación entre los diferentes niveles de la instalación, consiguiendo complementariamente una aireación de las raíces y una oxigenación de las mismas mediante aportación de aire.The hydroponic installation that the proposed invention has been conceived and structured in order to solve the problem fully satisfactorily previously exposed, and this based on getting a mobilization Periodic plant roots, undoing the holes of communication between the different levels of the installation, getting complementary aeration of the roots and a oxygenation of the same by means of contribution of air.

Para ello y de forma más concreta la instalación que se preconiza, a partir de una instalación similar a la de la patente de invención 9601651, anteriormente citada, centra sus características en el hecho de que en cada uno de los niveles o diedros configurados por los cuerpos laminares que participan en la instalación, se establece una cinta tubular, que normalmente se mantiene aplanada, bajo la que se sitúan los orificios de comunicación entre diferentes niveles, para paso de los fluidos, y a través de los que pasan también las raíces de las plantas, que ocupan los habitualmente tres niveles establecidos en la instalación, con la particularidad de que dichas cintas tubulares están cerradas por uno de sus extremos y son conectables por su otro extremo a una fuente de presión de aire o de un líquido, que genera dos efectos complementarios, por un lado convierten el cuerpo aplanado de las cintas en un cuerpo cilíndrico, lo que supone una sustancial movilización de las raíces que lo rodean, con movilización en los propios orificios de comunicación en cascada de la instalación, y por otro lado suministran aire a dicha instalación, que oxigena las raíces de las plantas, mejorando las condiciones de cultivo.For this and more specifically the installation which is recommended, from an installation similar to that of the invention patent 9601651, cited above, focuses its characteristics in the fact that in each of the levels or dihedrals configured by the laminar bodies that participate in the installation, a tubular tape is established, which is normally keeps flattened, under which the holes of communication between different levels, for the passage of fluids, and through which the roots of the plants also pass, which they usually occupy three levels established in the installation, with the particularity that said tubular belts they are closed at one end and are connectable by their other end to a source of air pressure or a liquid, which generates two complementary effects, on the one hand they convert the flattened body of the tapes in a cylindrical body, which it involves a substantial mobilization of the roots that surround it, with mobilization in the cascading communication holes of the installation, and on the other hand supply air to said installation, which oxygenates the roots of the plants, improving the growing conditions

Descripción de los dibujosDescription of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:

La figura 1.- Muestra un detalle parcial en perspectiva de una instalación para cultivo hidropónico realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención, en la que las cintas tubulares aparecen en situación inoperante.Figure 1.- Shows a partial detail in perspective of an installation for hydroponic cultivation performed according to the object of the present invention, in which the Tubular ribbons appear in an inoperative situation.

La figura 2.- Muestra una representación similar a la figura 1, pero en la que dichas cintas aparecen infladas.Figure 2.- Shows a similar representation to figure 1, but in which said tapes appear inflated.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred Embodiment of the Invention

A la vista de las figuras reseñadas puede observarse como la instalación para cultivo hidropónico que la invención propone, como en el caso de la patente de invención 9601651 repetidamente citada, incorpora una pareja de soportes filiformes y paralelos (1), debidamente distanciados y tensados, de los que quedan suspendidos una especie de cuerpos laminares de plástico, concretamente un cuerpo superior (2), prácticamente horizontal, dotado de cortes (3), uniformemente distribuidos, que permiten la implantación de los soportes (4) de respectivas plantas (5), las cuales están destinadas a enraizar en una serie de cuerpos laminares e intermedios (6-6') que configuran diedros agudos o canalizaciones a través de las que circula la mezcla de agua con nutrientes, produciéndose un recorrido en cascada y escalonado para dicha corriente de agua, que se irá también por las raíces (7) de las plantas, merced a la existencia en el fondo de las canalizaciones (6-6') de orificios (8) para paso tanto del agua como de las raíces, y completándose la instalación con un diedro exterior o envolvente (9), carente de orificios, que actúa como colector.In view of the figures outlined you can be observed as the installation for hydroponic cultivation that the invention proposes, as in the case of the invention patent 9601651 repeatedly cited, incorporates a pair of supports filiform and parallel (1), properly spaced and tensioned, of those that are suspended a kind of laminar bodies of plastic, specifically an upper body (2), practically horizontal, provided with cuts (3), uniformly distributed, which allow the implantation of the supports (4) of respective plants (5), which are intended to take root in a series of bodies laminar and intermediate (6-6 ') that configure acute dihedral or channeling through which the mixing water with nutrients, producing a tour in waterfall and stepped for said stream of water, which will leave also by the roots (7) of the plants, thanks to the existence at the bottom of the pipes (6-6 ') of holes (8) for passage of both water and roots, and completing the installation with an external or enclosed dihedral (9), lacking holes, which acts as a collector.

Pues bien, la invención consiste en establecer en el seno de las canalizaciones (6) y (9), concretamente en el fondo de cada una de ellas, una cinta tubular (10) que normalmente se mantiene aplanada, tal como muestra la figura 1, pero que periódicamente se somete a una presión de aire, convirtiéndose en un elemento cilíndrico (10'), tal como muestra la figura 2, de manera que en ésta expansión radial de la cinta (10) se producen dos efectos, por un lado se movilizan las raíces (7) de las plantas, evitando la situación de obstrucción de los orificios (8) por parte de las mismas, lo que mejora sustancialmente la circulación de agua/nutrientes en el seno de la instalación, y por otro lado ésta movilización de las raíces (7) mejora las condiciones de absorción de nutrientes por parte de las mismas, ya que se consigue un efecto similar al de "cavado" de la tierra, con una oxigenación complementaria debida al aire que es aplicado a la cinta (10) y que provoca en el interior de la instalación una aireación intensa, con la consecuente oxigenación del agua portadora de los nutrientes.Well, the invention is to establish within the pipes (6) and (9), specifically in the bottom of each of them, a tubular tape (10) that normally remains flat, as shown in figure 1, but that periodically undergoes an air pressure, becoming a cylindrical element (10 '), as shown in Figure 2, of so that in this radial expansion of the tape (10) occur two effects, on the one hand the roots (7) of the plants are mobilized,  avoiding the situation of obstruction of the holes (8) by thereof, which substantially improves the circulation of water / nutrients within the facility, and on the other hand this one Root mobilization (7) improves absorption conditions of nutrients by them, since an effect is achieved similar to the "dug" of the earth, with oxygenation complementary due to the air that is applied to the belt (10) and that it causes intense aeration inside the installation, with the consequent oxygenation of the carrier water of the nutrients.

Se consigue de ésta manera, de acuerdo con el objetivo de la invención, mejorar la distribución del agua portadora de los nutrientes en el seno de la instalación, y que dichos nutrientes lleguen a las plantas en unas óptimas condiciones de oxigenación, lo que a su vez mejora el rendimiento de la instalación.It is achieved in this way, according to the Object of the invention, improve water distribution carrier of nutrients within the facility, and that these nutrients reach the plants in optimal conditions of oxygenation, which in turn improves the performance of the installation.

La aportación de aire a las cintas (10) se realiza de forma periódica, por ejemplo una vez cada dos días, entendiéndose que ésta movilización de las raíces es suficiente, pero pudiendo incrementarse o decrementarse dicho tiempo en función de las exigencias específicas de cada situación práctica.The supply of air to the belts (10) is performed periodically, for example once every two days, understanding that this mobilization of the roots is sufficient, but this time may be increased or decreased depending on of the specific requirements of each practical situation.

Claims (2)

1. Instalación para cultivo hidropónico, del tipo de las que incorporan una pareja de soportes filiformes y paralelos, materializados en alambres y similares, de los que quedan suspendidos una pluralidad de cuerpos laminares de configuración diédrica, que determinan canalizaciones superpuestas comunicadas mediante orificios que permiten la distribución en cascada del agua portadora de los nutrientes para crecimiento de las plantas, caracterizada porque sobre el fondo de cada una de dichas canalizaciones incorpora una cinta tubular, que se mantiene normalmente aplastada, pero que es susceptible de ser hinchada con aire o un líquido apropiado, convirtiéndose en un elemento cilíndrico, que moviliza las raíces de las plantas provocando tanto la oxigenación de las mismas como el posible desatascamiento de los orificios de comunicación entre canales.1. Installation for hydroponic cultivation, of the type that incorporates a pair of filiform and parallel supports, materialized in wires and the like, of which a plurality of laminar bodies of dihedral configuration are suspended, which determine overlapping channeling communicated by holes that allow the cascade distribution of the carrier water of the nutrients for plant growth, characterized in that on the bottom of each of said pipes incorporates a tubular tape, which is normally kept crushed, but which is capable of being swollen with air or a liquid appropriate, becoming a cylindrical element, which mobilizes the roots of the plants causing both their oxygenation and the possible unblocking of the communication holes between channels. 2. Instalación para cultivo hidropónico, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque las citadas cintas tubulares pueden afectar a todas o a parte de las canalizaciones superpuestas definidas en la instalación.2. Installation for hydroponic cultivation, according to claim 1, characterized in that said tubular belts can affect all or part of the overlapping pipes defined in the installation.
ES200600490A 2006-03-01 2006-03-01 INSTALLATION FOR HYDROPONIC CULTURE. Active ES2284378B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200600490A ES2284378B1 (en) 2006-03-01 2006-03-01 INSTALLATION FOR HYDROPONIC CULTURE.
PCT/ES2007/000108 WO2007099186A1 (en) 2006-03-01 2007-02-28 Installation for hydroponic culture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200600490A ES2284378B1 (en) 2006-03-01 2006-03-01 INSTALLATION FOR HYDROPONIC CULTURE.

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ES2284378A1 true ES2284378A1 (en) 2007-11-01
ES2284378B1 ES2284378B1 (en) 2008-10-01

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2579333A1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-10 New Growing Systems, S.L. Installation for hydroponic cultivation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2017212080A1 (en) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 Grupo Beme Diseño Integral ,S.L. Household hydroponics system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201307000D0 (en) * 2013-04-17 2013-05-29 Finch Andrew S Hydroponic plant and root support
CN104041400A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-09-17 北京思拜恩科技发展有限公司 Novel soilless culture planting bag and novel soilless culture planting system
FI126323B (en) * 2015-03-25 2016-09-30 Green Automation Exp Oy Hydroponic cultivation system

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US4324069A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-04-13 Flagg Rodger H Plant growing system utilizing pneumatic pressure
ES2061409A1 (en) * 1993-05-21 1994-12-01 Caballero Luis Miguel Peregrin Improvements to soiless crops (cultivation)
ES2155792A1 (en) * 1999-07-05 2001-05-16 Poliexmur S A Hydroponics cultivation module.
EP0937386B1 (en) * 1996-07-25 2002-08-07 Instain, S.A. Hydroponic culture method and device for implementing same
WO2004084621A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-10-07 New Growing Systems, S.L. Hydroponic culture device for domestic and/or educational use

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4324069A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-04-13 Flagg Rodger H Plant growing system utilizing pneumatic pressure
ES2061409A1 (en) * 1993-05-21 1994-12-01 Caballero Luis Miguel Peregrin Improvements to soiless crops (cultivation)
EP0937386B1 (en) * 1996-07-25 2002-08-07 Instain, S.A. Hydroponic culture method and device for implementing same
ES2155792A1 (en) * 1999-07-05 2001-05-16 Poliexmur S A Hydroponics cultivation module.
WO2004084621A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-10-07 New Growing Systems, S.L. Hydroponic culture device for domestic and/or educational use

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2579333A1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-10 New Growing Systems, S.L. Installation for hydroponic cultivation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2016128593A1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-18 New Growing Systems, S.L. Facility for hydroponic culture
US10034440B2 (en) 2015-02-10 2018-07-31 New Growing Systems, S.L. Facility for hydroponic cultivation
AU2016217764B2 (en) * 2015-02-10 2019-09-19 New Growing Systems, S.L. Facility for hydroponic culture
WO2017212080A1 (en) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 Grupo Beme Diseño Integral ,S.L. Household hydroponics system

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WO2007099186A1 (en) 2007-09-07
ES2284378B1 (en) 2008-10-01

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