ES2273810T3

ES2273810T3 - AUTOMATIC LOCK

Info

Publication number: ES2273810T3
Application number: ES01909842T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Xabier Zubiri Sanchez
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-03-06
Filing date: 2001-03-06
Publication date: 2007-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2021-03-06
Also published as: EP1367199A1; DE60123287D1; DE60123287T2; PT1367199E; WO2002070844A1; EP1367199B1; DK1367199T3

Abstract

La presente invención se refiere a una cerradura automática de las que actúan mecánicamente y que, al cerrar la puerta, queda con el pasador (5) o los pasadores introducidos en el marco (4) además del picaporte (6) sin hacer falta el uso de la llave. Mediante un pulsador (16) del lado interior se consigue la apertura tanto del picaporte (6) como del pasador (5) mediante una pulsación. Se consigue igualmente la apertura de todos los medios de anclaje desde el exterior con llave mediante un cuarto de vuelta y permite esta cerradura la incorporación de mecanismos remotos de apertura.The present invention relates to an automatic lock of those that act mechanically and which, when closing the door, is left with the pin (5) or the pins inserted in the frame (4) in addition to the latch (6) without the need for use of the key. By means of a button (16) on the inner side, the opening of both the latch (6) and the pin (5) is achieved by pressing. The opening of all the anchoring means from the outside is also achieved by means of a quarter turn and this lock allows the incorporation of remote opening mechanisms.

Description

Cerradura automática.Automatic lock.

Object of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a una cerradura automática de las que actúan mecánicamente y que, al cerrar la puerta, permanece con el pasador o los pasadores introducidos en el marco, así como el pestillo, sin que se necesite el uso de la llave.The present invention relates to a lock automatic of those that act mechanically and that, when closing the door, remains with the pin or pins inserted in the frame, as well as the latch, without the use of the key.

Una característica de esta cerradura es la presencia de un botón pulsador en la cara interior, que permite la apertura tanto del pestillo como del pasador, gracias a la opresión de dicho botón.A feature of this lock is the presence of a push button on the inside, which allows the opening both latch and pin, thanks to oppression of said button.

Una característica adicional es la apertura de todos los medios de anclaje desde el exterior por medio de un cuarto de vuelta de una llave.An additional feature is the opening of all anchoring means from the outside by means of a quarter turn of a key.

Esta cerradura permite la incorporación de mecanismos de apertura a distancia.This lock allows the incorporation of remote opening mechanisms.

Background of the invention

Son conocidas cerraduras automáticas para aplicación en puertas antipánico, como las consideradas en el documento de patente ES 2 006 126, en el que se proporciona una descripción de un mecanismo que actúa en pasadores secundarios por medio de salidas verticales independientes, considerando la apertura mediante un pomo que tiene, igualmente, una llave.Automatic locks are known for application in panic doors, such as those considered in the Patent document ES 2 006 126, in which a description of a mechanism that acts on secondary pins by means of independent vertical outputs, considering the opening by means of a knob that also has a key.

Esta cerradura está especialmente diseñada como sistema de cierre antipánico, en la que cuando está abierta, manipulando el asidero, se liberen automáticamente los pasadores.This lock is specially designed as panic closing system, in which when open, by manipulating the handle, the pins

Son igualmente conocidas y habitualmente empleadas las cerraduras que tienen un sistema de llave que, tras aplicar las vueltas necesarias, desbloquea la puerta retirando los pasadores y, en último término, retira el pestillo.They are equally known and usually used the locks that have a key system that, after apply the necessary turns, unlock the door by removing the pins and, ultimately, remove the latch.

La presente invención comprende una cerradura automática basada en una especial disposición de resortes, balancines y disparadores, que permiten el bloqueo de la puerta y, por consiguiente, el alojamiento de los pasadores en el marco de forma automática sin el uso de la llave y, cuando se abre, su desbloqueo sin más que apretar un botón pulsador o, en su defecto, girar simplemente 45° la llave.The present invention comprises a lock automatic based on a special spring arrangement, rockers and triggers, which allow the door to lock and, consequently, the accommodation of the pins in the framework of automatically without the use of the key and, when opened, its Unlocking without pressing a push button or, failing that, simply turn the key 45 °.

Description of the invention

La invención propuesta en esta memoria consiste en una cerradura automática que permite el bloqueo de la puerta, en la que está instalada, mediante el desplazamiento de uno o diversos pasadores por activación, empujados por resortes tensados por el pestillo al cerrar la puerta.The invention proposed herein consists in an automatic lock that allows the door to lock, in the one that is installed, by moving one or several activation pins, pushed by springs tensioned by the latch when closing the door.

En esta operación de cierre y bloqueo no interviene ni la llave ni el giro de un pomo o asidero.In this closing and locking operation no The key or the rotation of a knob or handle intervenes.

Igualmente, cuando se abre, se hace uso de otros resortes previamente tensados al cerrar la puerta, de manera que, simplemente apretando un botón pulsador desde el interior, desbloqueen la puerta liberando tanto los pasadores como el pestillo.Likewise, when it opens, it makes use of others previously tensioned springs when closing the door, so that, just by pressing a push button from the inside, unlock the door releasing both the pins and the latch.

Las propiedades más destacables de este mecanismo descansan en que no hay necesidad de proporcionar potencia externa en forma de fuente eléctrica, neumática o hidráulica, ya que la energía requerida para su funcionamiento se obtiene de la fuerza ejercida por el marco sobre el pestillo durante el cierre y apertura de la puerta: parte de la energía obtenida al cerrar la puerta se utiliza para hacer deslizar el pasador o pasadores y el pestillo, y otra parte se almacena en un conjunto de resortes para su posterior utilización en la operación de apertura; la energía obtenida al abrir la puerta se emplea para hacer que el pestillo se retraiga y vuelva a su posición inicial.The most outstanding properties of this mechanism rest in that there is no need to provide power external in the form of electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic source, already that the energy required for its operation is obtained from the force exerted by the frame on the latch during closing and door opening: part of the energy obtained by closing the door is used to slide the pin or pins and the latch, and another part is stored in a set of springs for its subsequent use in the opening operation; energy obtained when opening the door is used to make the latch retract and return to your starting position.

Además, esta cerradura puede ser accionada con cualquier tipo de llave, ya sea convencional, por tarjeta electrónica, o mediante una señal a distancia, en cuyo caso estos dispositivos electrónicos adicionales serían los únicos que requieren energía eléctrica.In addition, this lock can be operated with any type of key, whether conventional, by card electronic, or by a remote signal, in which case these additional electronic devices would be the only ones that They require electrical energy.

La incorporación de un sistema de accionamiento a distancia tiene sentido, por ejemplo, en el caso de puertas de acceso a comunidades de viviendas, donde además de tener un acceso directo es posible tener una apertura a distancia por medio de un portero físico situado a una distancia, así como desde cada vivienda.The incorporation of a drive system remotely makes sense, for example, in the case of doors access to housing communities, where besides having access direct it is possible to have a remote opening by means of a physical doorman located at a distance, as well as from each living place.

Dependiendo de cada caso particular, es posible sustituir el botón pulsador por un relé o tener ambos mecanismos juntos.Depending on each particular case, it is possible replace the push button with a relay or have both mechanisms together.

Será suficiente con dimensionar adecuadamente la presente invención a fin de que pueda ajustar en diversos tipos de puertas, como por ejemplo puertas de viviendas, cajas de seguridad, trampillas y otras.It will be enough to properly size the present invention so that it can adjust in various types of doors, such as residential doors, safe deposit boxes, trap doors and others.

El principio esencial de funcionamiento de esta cerradura consiste en aprovechar la energía que se aplica a la hoja de puerta en el momento del cierre, almacenándola en diversos resortes que actuarán desplazando de forma automática los pasadores de bloqueo.The essential principle of operation of this lock consists of harnessing the energy that is applied to the blade of door at the time of closing, storing it in various springs that will act by automatically moving the pins lock

Parte de esa energía también se empleará en el momento de abrir la puerta, retirando los pasadores y liberando el pestillo.Some of that energy will also be used in the time to open the door, removing the pins and releasing the latch.

Una vez liberados los pasadores y el pestillo, este último resulta ser capaz de rotar, de manera que el empuje aplicado a la hoja de puerta para abrirla, implica una cantidad adicional de energía almacenada en otros resortes, que permitirá completar las operaciones de bloqueo y desbloqueo de la puerta.Once the pins and the latch are released, the latter turns out to be able to rotate, so that the thrust applied to the door leaf to open it, it implies an amount additional energy stored in other springs, which will allow complete the door lock and unlock operations.

La descripción de los diversos mecanismos que constituyen y actúan en esta cerradura se divide en dos secciones que corresponden a dos operaciones, la de cierre y la de apertura.The description of the various mechanisms that constitute and act in this lock is divided into two sections which correspond to two operations, the closing and the opening.

Closing operation

Tanto en esta descripción como en las realizaciones preferidas de la misma, se incluye un pestillo y un único pasador, aunque un mayor número de éstos no alteraría la naturaleza de la invención.Both in this description and in the preferred embodiments thereof, a latch and a only pin, although a greater number of these would not alter the nature of the invention

Tanto el pasador como el pestillo tienen sus alojamientos en el marco de la puerta a fin de permitir el bloqueo tras el cierre, es decir, cuando la hoja de puerta ha girado hasta situarse en la posición angular coincidente con el marco.Both the pin and the latch have their door frame housings to allow locking after closing, that is, when the door leaf has turned to be in the angular position coinciding with the frame.

Dado que el pestillo presenta una cara oblicua hacia el marco, al cerrar, cuando el pestillo hace contacto con el marco, este último es empujado hacia dentro, ya que el desplazamiento lineal es el único grado de libertad del que dispone.Since the latch has an oblique face towards the frame, when closing, when the latch makes contact with the frame, the latter is pushed in, since the linear displacement is the only degree of freedom from which has.

En su desplazamiento lineal, porta con él un empujador que descansa sobre un punto intermedio de un brazo rotatorio.In its linear displacement, carry with it a pusher resting on an intermediate point of an arm Rotary

Este brazo, que está abisagrado en un extremo, tiene el extremo opuesto fijado a un resorte, de tal forma que durante el movimiento de giro impuesto por el empujador unido al pestillo, el resorte es tensado.This arm, which is hinged at one end, it has the opposite end fixed to a spring, so that during the turning movement imposed by the pusher attached to the latch, the spring is tensioned.

Este brazo tiene también, en un punto entre el empujador y el extremo unido al resorte, un saliente de apoyo que sobrepasa un balancín instalado sobre el pasador.This arm also has, at a point between the pusher and the end attached to the spring, a support projection that exceeds a rocker arm installed on the pin.

Este balancín se encuentra inclinado por efecto de un resorte, cuyo eje es perpendicular a la base de la caja soporte de la cerradura.This rocker is tilted by effect of a spring, whose axis is perpendicular to the base of the box lock bracket.

De este modo, el saliente del brazo sobrepasa el balancín inclinado que gira en torno a su eje a fin de permitirlo, superando la compresión de su resor-
te.In this way, the projection of the arm exceeds the inclined rocker that rotates around its axis in order to allow it, overcoming the compression of its spring.
tea.

Una vez que el pestillo se encuentra enfrentado a su alojamiento en el marco, deja de tener apoyo y por el efecto de la fuerza del resorte que acaba de tensar, entra en su alojamiento.Once the latch is facing to your accommodation in the frame, stop having support and for the effect of the force of the spring that just tightened, enters its accommodation.

En este desplazamiento, empujado por el brazo fijado al resorte, se vuelve a encontrar apoyo en el balancín, pero esta vez la inclinación no es favorable al sentido de desplazamiento del brazo, por lo que en lugar de sobrepasarlo, descansa sobre él, tirando del pasador, lo que bloqueará la puerta.In this displacement, pushed by the arm fixed to the spring, support is found on the rocker, but this time the inclination is not favorable to the direction of travel of the arm, so instead of exceeding it, rest on it, pulling the pin, which will block the door.

Dado que el pasador presenta un movimiento lineal y el empujador unido al brazo describe un arco de círculo, el pasador no es empujado en todo su recorrido; sin embargo, por inercia, el pasador continúa su desplazamiento hasta el final de su trayectoria.Since the pin presents a movement linear and the pusher attached to the arm describes a circle arc, the pin is not pushed all the way; however for inertia, the pin continues its movement until the end of its trajectory.

A lo largo de su desplazamiento el pasador tensa un segundo resorte de menor firmeza.Throughout its displacement the tense pin a second spring of less firmness.

Un segundo balancín, mediante un resorte, aplica fuerza con su extremo sobre una cara lateral del pasador y, como el pasador tiene un escalonamiento que sobrepasa la posición del balancín cuando el pasador alcanza su fin de carrera, se impide el retorno del pasador mientras se mantiene en tensión el segundo resorte.A second rocker, by means of a spring, applies force with its end on a side face of the pin and, like the pin has a step that exceeds the position of the rocker when the pin reaches its end of stroke, the return of the pin while the second is held in tension spring.

Después de este conjunto de movimientos, tanto el pasador como el pestillo bloquean la puerta, habiéndose completado el cierre y bloqueo de la misma.After this set of movements, both the pin like the latch lock the door, having completed the closing and blocking of it.

Door opening

La apertura de la puerta se puede llevar a cabo o desde el interior o desde el exterior.The opening of the door can be carried out or from the inside or from the outside.

Desde el interior, la puerta dispone de un botón pulsador, y desde el exterior, se puede usar una llave que sólo requiere de un cuarto de vuelta.From the inside, the door has a button button, and from the outside, you can use a key that only It requires a quarter turn.

Cualquiera de los dos mecanismos actúa sobre el mismo balancín, el que retiene el pasador en su alojamiento.Either mechanism acts on the same rocker, which retains the pin in its housing.

Cuando se aprieta el botón pulsador o se gira la llave, se está liberando el apoyo extremo del balancín sobre el escalonamiento del pasador, de tal modo que el resorte que estaba tensado retira el pasador a su posición en el interior.When the push button is pressed or the key, extreme rocker support is being released on the stepping of the pin, so that the spring that was Tensioning removes the pin into its interior position.

Además, el otro extremo del balancín actúa sobre el pestillo para permitir la apertura de la puerta.In addition, the other end of the rocker acts on the latch to allow the door to open.

El pestillo, del que se ha dicho que únicamente estaba provisto de un movimiento lineal, puede estar también por encima para rotar respecto a un eje descentrado próximo a la cara opuesta al plano oblicuo exterior.The latch, which has been said to only it was provided with a linear movement, it can also be on top to rotate with respect to an offset axis near the face opposite to the outer oblique plane.

Hasta este momento, la rotación ha estado impedida por medio de un saliente situado en la cara opuesta a la del eje y que ajusta en un cajeado de una placa.So far, the rotation has been prevented by means of a projection located on the opposite side of the of the shaft and adjusting in a recess of a plate.

Esta placa constituye el brazo de un balancín unido, a su vez, al balancín que ha liberado el pasador.This plate constitutes the arm of a rocker attached, in turn, to the rocker arm that the pin has released.

Al estar unido a este otro balancín, no solo se libera el pasador, sino el saliente del pestillo alojado en el cajeado de la placa.Being attached to this other rocker, not only releases the pin, but the projection of the latch housed in the recessed from the plate.

Un resorte que tira del pestillo lo hace girar parcialmente, dejando de estar el saliente enfrentado al cajeado en el que estaba sujeto y, además, el pestillo llega a descansar sobre un segundo resorte que dificulta su rotación.A spring that pulls the latch spins it partially, leaving the protrusion facing the recessed in the one that was attached and, in addition, the latch comes to rest on a second spring that hinders its rotation.

Cuando se empuja la hoja de puerta, el pestillo debe superar el marco y lo hace rotando, a costa de comprimir el resorte que dificulta su rotación.When the door leaf is pushed, the latch you must overcome the frame and do it rotating, at the cost of compressing the spring that hinders its rotation.

De este modo, se acumula la energía suficiente como para que una vez sobrepasado el marco, el resorte activa el pestillo, recuperando la tensión del primer resorte que lo ha girado parcialmente, alojando nuevamente el saliente en la placa, de manera que el pestillo es capaz de moverse sólo linealmente y permitir, por ello el próximo cierre.In this way, sufficient energy accumulates so that once the frame is exceeded, the spring activates the latch, recovering the tension of the first spring that has turned it partially, housing the projection on the plate again, of so that the latch is able to move only linearly and allow, therefore the next closure.

De esta manera, se completa la operación de apertura y se recupera la posición inicial, considerada en la operación de cierre.In this way, the operation of opening and the initial position, considered in the closing operation

La invención considera igualmente la posibilidad de reemplazar los resortes por elementos que realicen la misma función, como cilindros neumáticos de los que acumulan la energía mediante la compresión de un gas.The invention also considers the possibility to replace the springs with elements that do the same function, such as pneumatic cylinders that accumulate energy by compressing a gas.

Una posible variación, que se incluye en la segunda realización preferida, consiste en disponer de un pestillo que no presente la capacidad de giro.A possible variation, which is included in the second preferred embodiment, consists of having a latch that does not present the turning capacity.

De este modo el cierre se produciría igual, pero la apertura diferiría respecto al pestillo.In this way the closure would occur the same, but the opening would differ from the latch.

Después de apretar el botón pulsador, el mecanismo descrito liberaría el pasador; sin embargo, el pestillo, que antes descansaba sobre la pared de su alojamiento, ahora descansa contra una placa que gira respecto a un eje vertical.After pressing the push button, the described mechanism would release the pin; however, the latch, that previously rested on the wall of his accommodation, now rests against a plate that rotates relative to a vertical axis.

Esta placa está inmovilizada por medio de un balancín que descansa sobre el pasador.This plate is immobilized by means of a seesaw resting on the pin.

Como en la apertura el pasador ya se ha retirado, la placa deja de estar impedida para girar y permite que el pestillo la sobrepase.As in the opening the pin has already removed, the plate is no longer prevented from turning and allows the latch surpasses it.

La placa vuelve a su posición por medio de un resorte esperando que la puerta se cierre, activando el pasador que, a su vez, bloqueará la placa del pesti-
llo.The plate returns to its position by means of a spring waiting for the door to close, activating the pin which, in turn, will block the plate of the pesti-
llo.

Description of the drawings

Para completar la presente memoria descriptiva, se adjunta un conjunto de dibujos, que ilustran la realización preferida de la invención de manera no restrictiva.To complete the present specification, a set of drawings is attached, illustrating the embodiment preferred of the invention in a non-restrictive manner.

La Figura 1 muestra un esquema teórico de una primera realización de la invención, cuando la cerradura permite la apertura de la puerta; y además se incluye un detalle que muestra la forma geométrica del pestillo.Figure 1 shows a theoretical scheme of a first embodiment of the invention, when the lock allows the door opening; and also includes a detail that shows the Geometric shape of the latch.

La Figura 2 muestra un esquema teórico de la misma primera realización de la invención en la posición bloquead, con el pasador alojado en el marco.Figure 2 shows a theoretical scheme of the same first embodiment of the invention in the locked position, with the pin housed in the frame.

La Figura 3 muestra un esquema teórico de una segunda realización de la invención, en la que el pestillo no puede rotar y el pasador no está bloqueando la puerta.Figure 3 shows a theoretical scheme of a second embodiment of the invention, in which the latch cannot rotate and the pin is not blocking the door.

La figura 4 muestra un esquema teórico de la misma segunda realización de la invención, en la que la cerradura está bloqueando la puerta y, además, se incluye un detalle del pestillo y la placa de giro instalados en el marco vistos desde arriba.Figure 4 shows a theoretical scheme of the same second embodiment of the invention, in which the lock is blocking the door and also includes a detail of the latch and swivel plate installed in the frame viewed from above.

La Figura 5 muestra un resorte de tipo neumático, que se puede emplear en lugar de los resortes de tipo en hélice.Figure 5 shows a spring type pneumatic, which can be used instead of type springs in propeller.

Preferred embodiments of the invention

A la vista de la explicación anterior, la presente invención se refiere a una cerradura automática que principalmente, por medio de balancines y resortes, es capaz de bloquear y desbloquear la puerta con el pasador, sin necesidad de girar una llave.In view of the previous explanation, the The present invention relates to an automatic lock that mainly, by means of rockers and springs, it is capable of lock and unlock the door with the pin, without needing turn a key

En esta sección, se incluyen dos realizaciones que describen dos posibles variantes de una misma invención.In this section, two embodiments are included which describe two possible variants of the same invention.

Primera realizaciónFirst realization

En esta primera realización, se considera una cerradura automática dispuesta en una caja (1) instalada en el lado de una puerta, opuesto a las bisagras, y enfrentada a unos alojamientos (2) y (3) presentes en el marco (4).In this first embodiment, it is considered a automatic lock arranged in a box (1) installed on the side of a door, opposite to the hinges, and facing some housings (2) and (3) present in the frame (4).

Como se ha mencionado en la descripción, las realizaciones preferidas incluyen sólo un pasador (5) que sirve para bloquear la puerta cuando está cerrada.As mentioned in the description, the Preferred embodiments include only a pin (5) that serves to lock the door when it is closed.

Paralelo a este pasador (5) se sitúa el pestillo (6), cuyo detalle muestra su eje (6.1) contiguo a la cara (6.4) paralela a la puerta, y alrededor del que puede pivotar cuando no se encuentra impedido debido a que el saliente (6.3), situado en el lado opuesto, está alojado en el cajeado (7.4) de la placa (7.1) de un balancín (7).Parallel to this pin (5) is the latch (6), whose detail shows its axis (6.1) adjacent to the face (6.4) parallel to the door, and around which it can pivot when not is prevented because the projection (6.3), located in the opposite side, it is housed in the recess (7.4) of the plate (7.1) of a rocker (7).

El balancín (7) descansa, según la vista de detalle, sobre el pestillo (6), haciendo pivotar sobre un eje (7.3) la base (8), que es común al soporte del eje (6.1) del pestillo (6), a uno de los extremos del resorte (9) que retira el pestillo (6) y a uno de los extremos del resorte (10) para recuperar el pestillo (6).The rocker (7) rests, according to the view of detail, on the latch (6), swinging on an axis (7.3) the base (8), which is common to the shaft support (6.1) of the latch (6), to one of the ends of the spring (9) that removes the latch (6) and to one of the ends of the spring (10) to recover the latch (6).

Esta base (8) común muestra la posibilidad de un desplazamiento lineal, que permite la retirada del pestillo (6) cuando el marco (4) descansa sobre su cara (6.2) oblicua.This common base (8) shows the possibility of a linear displacement, which allows the removal of the latch (6) when the frame (4) rests on its face (6.2) oblique.

En el desplazamiento lineal de la base (8), un brazo (12) es empujado por un empujador (11.1) unido a la base (8) mediante una estructura de unión (11).In the linear displacement of the base (8), a arm (12) is pushed by a pusher (11.1) attached to the base (8) by means of a connection structure (11).

El brazo (12) pivota alrededor de su extremo inferior (12.1) y el otro extremo está conectado a un resorte (20) que está tensado.The arm (12) pivots around its end bottom (12.1) and the other end is connected to a spring (20) that is tense

En un punto intermedio del brazo se encuentra un apoyo (12.2) que sobrepasa un balancín (13) unido al pasador (5).At an intermediate point of the arm is a support (12.2) that exceeds a rocker (13) attached to the pin (5).

Este balancín (13) es sobrepasado, debido a que se encuentra inclinado favorablemente por efecto de un resorte (13.1), por lo que el apoyo (12.2) del brazo (12) comprime el resorte (13.1), forzando la rotación del balancín (13) alrededor de su eje (13.2).This rocker arm (13) is exceeded, because is inclined favorably by the effect of a spring (13.1), so that the support (12.2) of the arm (12) compresses the spring (13.1), forcing the rocker to rotate (13) around its axis (13.2).

Cuando el pestillo (6) se enfrenta a su alojamiento (3) en el marco (4), entra y recupera la posición inicial.When the latch (6) faces its accommodation (3) in the frame (4), enter and recover the position initial.

El brazo (12) recupera igualmente su posición inicial arrastrado por el resorte (20) y, a su vez, arrastra el pasador (5), ya que el balancín (13) no está enfrentado favorablemente a su extremo.The arm (12) also regains its position initial dragged by the spring (20) and, in turn, drag the pin (5), since the rocker arm (13) is not facing favorably to its extreme.

En el desplazamiento, un resorte (14) conectado con el pasador (5) es tensado.In displacement, a spring (14) connected with the pin (5) it is tensioned.

Llega un momento en el que el brazo (12) no descansa contra el balancín (13), ya que el arco descrito por el punto de apoyo (12.2) desciende más del nivel al que está situado el balancín (13).There comes a time when the arm (12) does not rest against the rocker arm (13), since the arc described by the support point (12.2) falls below the level at which the seesaw (13).

En la figura 1, se ha dibujado un arco que consiste en puntos y rayas alternos que muestran el lugar geométrico del punto de apoyo (12.2) del brazo (12).In figure 1, an arc has been drawn that consists of alternate dots and stripes that show the geometric place of the support point (12.2) of the arm (12).

El pasador (5) continúa, por inercia, su desplazamiento hasta que el escalón (5.1) sobrepasa la posición del extremo (15.1) del otro balancín (15).The pin (5) continues, inertia, its displacement until the step (5.1) exceeds the position of the end (15.1) of the other rocker arm (15).

Este extremo (15.1) del balancín presiona mediante un resorte (15.2) sobre el pasador (5) para asegurarlo al final de su desplazamiento y mantener la tensión de su resorte (14).This end (15.1) of the rocker presses by means of a spring (15.2) on the pin (5) to secure it to the end of its displacement and maintain the tension of its spring (14).

Llegado este punto, el cierre de la puerta está completado.At this point, the closing of the door is completed

La apertura se produce cuando, o bien se aprieta un botón pulsador (16) desde la cara interior de la puerta, o bien se actúa sobre una llave (17).The opening occurs when it is either tightened a push button (16) from the inside of the door, or one acts on a key (17).

Cualquiera de los dos medios levanta el extremo del balancín (15.1), que está bloqueando el pasador (5), de modo que este último es retirado por la acción de su resorte (14).Either means lifts the end of the rocker arm (15.1), which is blocking the pin (5), so that the latter is removed by the action of its spring (14).

Por otro lado, es el otro extremo (15.3) del balancín (15) el que está unido, en su movimiento perpendicular al plano principal de la cerradura, con el extremo (7.2) opuesto a la placa (7.1) del balancín (7), que bloquea el pestillo (6).On the other hand, it is the other end (15.3) of the rocker (15) which is attached, in its perpendicular movement to the main plane of the lock, with the end (7.2) opposite the rocker plate (7.1) (7), which locks the latch (6).

Esta unión permite no solo la liberación del pasador (5), sino también la del saliente (6.3) del pestillo (6) a fin de que se retraiga por la acción del resorte (9) que trabaja a tracción y completa su rotación por la fuerza del marco sobre el pestillo (6).This union allows not only the release of pin (5), but also that of the projection (6.3) of the latch (6) to in order to retract by the action of the spring (9) that works at traction and completes its rotation by the force of the frame on the latch (6).

Esta rotación comprime el resorte (10) que trabaja a compresión y que recuperará la tensión anterior del resorte (9) y la posición inicial del pestillo (6).This rotation compresses the spring (10) that works under compression and it will recover the previous tension of the spring (9) and the initial position of the latch (6).

En la figura 3, se muestra una segunda realización de la invención en la que el pestillo (6) no tiene la posibilidad de girar, siendo sólo capaz de moverse de forma lineal.In figure 3, a second one is shown embodiment of the invention in which the latch (6) does not have the possibility of turning, being only able to move so linear.

De esta manera, la descripción y los elementos involucrados en el cierre son comunes a los de la figura 1.In this way, the description and the elements involved in the closure are common to those in figure 1.

La diferencia se encuentra en que, además de haber desaparecido los elementos que permiten la rotación y el aseguramiento del pestillo (6), hay una pestaña (18) que cierra el alojamiento (3) del pestillo (6).The difference is that, in addition to having disappeared the elements that allow rotation and latch latch (6), there is a tab (18) that closes the housing (3) of the latch (6).

Esta pestaña (18) gira alrededor de su eje (18.1) dispuesto perpendicular a la trayectoria del pestillo (6), cuando es liberada por medio de un balancín (19).This tab (18) rotates around its axis (18.1) arranged perpendicular to the path of the latch (6), when it is released by means of a rocker (19).

Tal y como se muestra en el detalle de la figura 3, este balancín (19) se mantiene firmemente por el pasador (5) de manera que, cuando se retira el pasador (5), la pestaña (18) puede rotar y el pestillo (6) queda libre para abandonar su alojamiento (3).As shown in the detail of the figure 3, this rocker (19) is held firmly by the pin (5) of so that when the pin (5) is removed, the tab (18) can rotate and the latch (6) is free to leave your accommodation (3).

La pestaña (18) recupera su posición mediante un resorte, que no se muestra en las figuras.The tab (18) recovers its position by means of a spring, which is not shown in the figures.

La figura 4 es una repetición del mismo esquema, que muestra el pasador (5) insertado en el alojamiento (2) del marco (4) y descansando contra un extremo del balancín (19) del marco (4), a fin de mantener el bloqueo de la pestaña (18) y, por lo tanto, del pestillo (6).Figure 4 is a repetition of the same scheme, which shows the pin (5) inserted in the housing (2) of the frame (4) and resting against one end of the rocker (19) of the frame (4), in order to maintain the locking of the flange (18) and, by therefore, of the latch (6).

La figura 5 es un detalle de un resorte de tipo neumático, que puede reemplazar a los resortes convencionales de tipo en hélice.Figure 5 is a detail of a spring type pneumatic, which can replace conventional springs of helix type.

La naturaleza esencial de esta invención permanece inalterada por las variaciones en los materiales, la forma, el tamaño y la disposición de los elementos constituyentes, descritos de manera no restrictiva, pero suficiente para que un experto proceda a su reproducción.The essential nature of this invention remains unchanged by variations in materials, the shape, size and arrangement of constituent elements, described in a non-restrictive manner, but sufficient for a expert proceed to its reproduction.

Claims

1. Automatic lock, of those that block the door by means of pins that work in correspondence with the latch, both when it is opened and when it is closed, characterized in that it consists of an energy-independent mechanism, which obtains the power required for its operation from the force exerted by the frame on the latch (6) during the closing of the door, being formed by a box (1), in which a latch (6) attached to a base (8) is arranged by an axis (6.1 ), located opposite the oblique face (6.2) of the latch (6) and allowing its relative rotation, the base (8) being common to a rocker (7) and the ends of two springs (9) and (10);

in which on the upper side of the latch (6) it has a projection (6.3) that prevents rotation, being housed in a recess (7.4) of the plate (7.1), which forms the rocker arm (7), so that when released, the latch (6) is removed, rotating on its axis (6.1), by means of a first spring (9) that works by traction, until resting on a second compression spring (10) that works under compression;

in which the base (8) can be displaced linearly, in order to allow the latch (6) to retract to the close the door, being connected by a pusher (11.1) to an arm (12) capable of moving angularly and resting on a rocker (13), which is mounted on the pin (5) that locks the door, support that is possible through a projection (12.2), only when the rotation is favorable, also tense in its displacement a recovery spring (20), since this seesaw (13) is exceeded by the projection (12.2), because is inclined favorably by the effect of a spring (13.1), why the protrusion (12.2) of the arm (12) compresses the spring (13.1), forcing the rocker rotation (13) around of its axis (13.2),

and in which the pin (5) comes with a staggering (5.1), in order to be retained by a rocker (15) attached to the containment rocker (7) by rotating the latch; and also this lock is adjusted with a button access button (16) from inside and with a key (17) of access from the outside, connected to the rocker that holds the pin (5) and acts on the restriction to the rotation of the latch (6).

2. Automatic lock, of those that block the door by means of pins that work in correspondence with the latch, both when it is opened and when it is closed, characterized in that it consists of an energy-independent mechanism, which obtains the power required for its operation from the force exerted by the frame (4) on the latch (6) during the closing of the door, being formed by a box (1), in which a latch (6) is attached attached to a base (8), and by the frame (4),

in which the latch (6) is not ready to turn, only the latch being present on the mobile base (8) (6), whose only possible movement is linear for withdrawal, having the frame (4), in turn, a flange (18) with an axis (18.1) center for latch retention (6), when prevented from turn using a rocker (19) that is limited by the pin (5), returning the tab (18) to the initial position by means of a spring,

and in which the pin (5) comes with a staggering (5.1), in order to be retained by a rocker (fifteen); and also this lock is adjusted with a button access button (16) from inside and with a key (17) of access from the outside, connected to the rocker that holds the pin (5) and acts on the restriction to the rotation of the latch (6).

3. Automatic lock according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the springs it incorporates are propeller.

4. Automatic lock according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that some or all of the springs it incorporates are pneumatic cylinders.

5. Automatic lock according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pin (5) is integrated by more than one body, all of them joined together.

6. Procedure for closing by means of the automatic lock according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it takes place in two phases:

the first, when the door leaf rotates and the side (6.2) oblique of the latch (6) makes contact in the frame (4) of the door, so that it retracts, displacing integrally the whole assembly located on the common base (8), as well as the arm (12) used to push the pin (5) using the pusher (11.1), tensioning the recovery spring (20) and exceeding the rocker arm (13) located on the pin;

in the second phase, the latch (6) stops have support in the frame (4) and it is introduced in its housing (3), stopping pushing the arm (12), so that the latter recovers its initial position dragged by the spring (20), which has tensioned in the first stage, and dragging the pin in its displacement (5) due to interference with the rocker arm (13), which does not allow exceeded when accessing from the other side, and maintaining the thrust to a point from which the arc described by the pusher (12.2) of the arm no longer interferes with the rocker arm (13), so that the pin continues, inertia, tightening its spring of recovery (14) until the end of the race, where it is blocked by the rocker (15), which is applied with the lateral step (5.1) of the pin (5).

7. Procedure for opening by means of the automatic lock according to claims 1, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that it takes place when the push button (16) is pressed from the inside or the key (17) is turned from the outside, since in any case, the two lift the rocker arm (15) that holds the pin (5), allowing it to be removed by means of its recovery spring (14); and, this same rocker, being attached to the retention rocker (7) of the latch (6), lifts the plate (7.1) releasing the projection (6.3) that holds the latch (6), so that the latter (6 ) is allowed to retract, in part, by the effect of the spring (9) that works under tension, being limited by the spring (10) that works under compression, following its rotational movement due to the force exerted by the frame (4) on the latch (6), until it ceases to have support, at which point the compressed spring (10) activates the latch (6) until its projection is again housed in the recess (7.4) that holds it, and the tension is recovered in the recovery spring (9).

8. Procedure for opening by automatic lock according to claims 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that it occurs when the push button (16) is pressed from the inside or the key (17) is turned from the outside, since in in any case the two lift the rocker arm (15) that holds the pin (5), allowing it to be removed by means of its recovery spring (14); and, in addition, releases the rocker (19) that secures a flange (18), thereby allowing its rotation around a vertical axis (18.1) to allow the latch (6) to exit, subsequently recovering the flange (18) from its position by a spring

9. Procedure for opening the automatic lock according to claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the push button (16) can be activated by means of a relay, in order to allow remote opening.