ES2269720T3 - DEVICE FOR THE TRANSPORT OF FLUID OR BULK MATERIAL. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for conveying flowable or pourable material. Said device comprises at least one delivery piston (24), preferably a delivery plunger that can be moved back and forth with hydraulic means (26), a bearing tube (30) axially guiding the delivery piston (24) on its surface area (42), a filling chamber (20) that can be axially attached to the bearing tube in the direction of conveyance and can be filled with the material to be conveyed by means of a feed hopper (12) and a delivery cylinder (32) that is axially arranged in the displacement path of the delivery piston (24) is connected to the filling chamber (20) on the input side and to a discharge pipe (14) on the output side. The delivery piston (24) releases the filling chamber (20) leading to the feed hopper (12) when it is pulled back into its end position in the bearing pipe (30). When moved forward, the delivery piston penetrates the filling chamber (20) while entraining the material to be conveyed and into the delivery cylinder (32). In order to enable distortion and wear-free guidance of the delivery piston, said delivery piston (24) is supported and guided in an axially central manner by guide rollers (66) in the bearing pipe (30).

Description

Material transport device fluid or bulk.

The present invention relates to a device for transporting fluid or bulk material at least one movable reciprocating conveyor piston preferably by hydraulic means, of a bearing tube that axially guide the transport piston on its outer surface, of a cargo compartment, supplied with material to be transported through a feed channel or hopper, axially connected to the bearing tube in the direction of transport, and of a cylinder conveyor arranged axially in the path of conveyor piston displacement, connected from the side of entrance to the cargo compartment and, on the output side, to a tube discharge, with the conveyor piston in its final position Retracted in the bearing tube, frees the cargo compartment to the feed channel or hopper, and in advance it crosses the cargo compartment dragging material to be transported and penetrates in the transport cylinder, characterized in that the piston conveyor is supported and guided centrally axially in the bearing tube

In a known transport device of this class (EP-B-0 681 672) intended for scrap transport, the transport piston configured as Diver cylinder is driven in a sliding guide of the tube bearing. At the end of the bearing tube on the side of the Cargo compartment is also fitted close to the end of cargo compartment side oriented grooves inward, to accommodate scraper rings and rings precision shutters. The gap between the bearing tube and the transport piston is provided with lubricating oil by middle of a central lubrication unit, through holes in grease On the inlet side, the piston that penetrates the cylinder conveyor is in close contact against its wall, so that there is a vacuum with each return stroke. For ensure that material is not aspirated in the return stroke from the transport tube to the cargo compartment, it has been arranged in the transport tube, behind the transport cylinder, a transverse gate that closes before each run of return of the transport cylinder and opens before each run of drive. High propensity is rated as a disadvantage to wear in the area of the bearing tube. In addition, the device known transport is not entirely appropriate for transporting the material from a cargo compartment under pressure to a space outside at atmospheric pressure, without the danger of a pressure burst

Starting from this, the invention has the aim of improving the known device of the class indicated by beginning in the sense of reducing the propensity to wear, before all in the area of the bearing tube.

To achieve this goal, the combination of features indicated in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and improvements of the invention result from the dependent claims.

The solution according to the invention is essentially observe that the transport piston is supported and Axial central guide in the bearing tube. Preferably the guide rollers are mounted on bearing supports, detachably fixed on the bearing tube, going through its tread the wall openings of the bearing tube in direction to the outer surface of the transport piston. For obtain a shape adaptation of the guide rollers and a wear compensation is proposed, according to a configuration of the invention, that the guide rollers have a elastically deformable tread. With that purpose, the guide rollers may be composed, at least partially in the area of rolling surfaces, of a material elastically deformable, for example, of a load polyamide heavy

According to another preferred configuration of the invention, the guide rollers are each mounted on their bearing supports on a transversely aligned pivot shaft to the direction of travel of the conveyor piston. The Bearing brackets, meanwhile, can be pivoted with respect of the bearing tube on a pivot axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the respective guide roller and, with the opposite end with respect to the roller axis, be fixed to the bearing tube, preferably screwed, adjusting the guide roller to the outer surface of the conveyor piston. Other improvement of the guiding property can be achieved because the rollers of guide present a concave curvature of its tread, complementary to the cylindrical outer surface of the piston conveyor.

According to a preferred configuration of the invention, the guide rollers, presenting a distance between them angular, are arranged in at least two axial positions, preferably three, of the bearing tube, spaced apart from each other, while, presenting an angular distance from each other, in each axial position can be arranged at least in three perimeter positions of the bearing tube. In another improvement of the support it is achieved that each perimeter position has been assigned in perimeter direction two adjacent guide rollers.

A refinement of the invention provides that the diver type conveyor piston has a hollow cylinder closed on one side by a faceplate and because in said cylinder hollow is arranged a hydraulic drive cylinder, centrally aligned axially, whose piston rod is articulated on the inner side of the piston front plate conveyor and whose cylinder part is articulated, fixed to the bearing tube To ensure a free operation of transverse forces of the drive cylinder, the joint fixed to the front plate and fixed to the bearing tube presents articulated axes aligned perpendicular to each other and with respect to the piston rod. In addition, it is advantageous for said purpose. if the drive cylinder part, near its end of the side of the stem, is supported on the inner surface of the hollow cylinder by means of at least two rollers of rolling, distanced from each other in the perimeter direction. For it, the rolling rollers conveniently have a distance angular from 60 to 120º, preferably 90º between them.

The drive cylinder is provided with a travel measurement system for determining the piston stroke, to enable reliable control of the stroke of advance of the conveyor cylinder. To do this, the system of path measurement can present a permanent magnet attached to the piston and, attached to the cylinder, an inner waveguide tube of magnetizable material that acts in conjunction with the magnet permanent.

To ensure that, in case of failure of a guide roller, an emergency guide is guaranteed, guide slats can be arranged in the area of the guide rollers emergency devices that have a sliding material, preferably made of bronze.

The bearing tube, according to the invention, and the feed travel of the conveyor piston may be synchronized in such a way that the conveyor piston retract into the transport cylinder, emerges from the area of the groups of guide rollers arranged in the axial position later.

In this case, the guide rollers in the other axial position zone are sufficient to align and guide axially the conveyor cylinder.

Another advantageous configuration of the invention provides that the bearing tube at its end on the side of the Cargo compartment features tightly sealant against the outer surface of the conveyor piston, a cassette of replaceable gasket that at its end on the side of the cargo compartment, oriented towards the outer surface of the Conveyor piston, is equipped with a scraper ring in the form of blade and, at a distance from it, a sealing ring of precision.

To prevent wear of side material of the conveyor cylinder, the conveyor piston, according to a improvement of the invention, fits with radial play in the conveyor cylinder, can the conveyor cylinder present a wavy or polygonal interior surface in the direction perimeter.

Next, the invention is explained. in detail based on the presented embodiment example of schematic form in the drawing, in which they show:

Figure 1a, an illustrative diagram of a Debris / discharge lock for use in the tunnel construction;

Figures 1b and 1c, a side view and a top view of the discharge lock, according to figure 1a, with feeding hopper arranged on the compartment of load;

Figure 1d, a side view of a machine tunnel drill with discharge lock according to figures 1a at 1c;

Figures 2a to c, two longitudinal sections displaced from each other as well as a cross section of the piston conveyor of the output device, configured as a cylinder diver, according to figures 1a to c;

Figures 3a and b, a front side view and A side view of the bearing tube packing cassette from the side of the cargo compartment;

Figure 3c, a section along the line A-A of Figure 3a;

Figures 4a to e, an enlarged detail of the Figure 3c in different cutting planes A to E of Figure 3a;

Figure 5a, a view from above on the segmented scraper ring of the packing cassette, according to the Figures 4a to e;

Figure 5b, a view from above on one of the cutting ring segments, according to figure 5a;

Figure 5c, a section along the line A-A of Figure 5b;

Figures 6a and b, a side view and a interior view of a segment of the precision sealing ring, according to Figures 4a to e;

Figures 7a to d, a tube guide roller of the discharge lock bearing, according to figures 1a to c, in an illustrative diagram and in three side views.

The discharge lock 8 presented in the drawing It is intended for use in tunnel boring machines 1. With this end shows an open plate 10 oriented inclined towards above and a feed hopper 12, so that it can connect to a transport tube 3 equipped with an endless screw of transport 2 for debris 5 produced in the output compartment 4 of the tunnel drilling machine 1. Terrestrial or rocky debris that, as a rule, cannot pumped are supplied to the discharge lock 8 through a stone crusher 7 and feed hopper 12, under a pressure p> p_ {atm}, increased due to the pressure of the land, and are removed from the sluice, for example, by means of a conveyor belt 6, for transport through the pipes discharge 14, against an atmospheric pressure p_ {atm}. The two hooks 16 arranged near the flanged plate 10 serve to facilitate assembly and maintenance.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the discharge lock 8 has two transport devices or sluice components 18, essentially structured in the same way. Both sluice components 18 each contain a load compartment 20, separated from each other by a dividing wall 22 and which can be fed with material to be transported through a common feed hopper 12. In each sluice component there is arranged a conveyor piston 24 configured as a piston diver that can be reciprocated by means of a drive cylinder 26. Each conveyor piston 24 is axially assigned, one behind the other a support cage 28, a tube of bearing 30, one of the load compartments 20, a transport cylinder 32, an intermediate tube 34 with a transverse gate 36 and one of the discharge tubes 14. The conveyor pistons 24 can be operated in a contraphase, in their final position retracted in the bearing tube 30, release the feed hopper 20 and penetrate during the advance in the respective conveyor cylinder 32, carrying with it material to be transported from the cargo compartment. The material to be transported is compacted in the conveyor cylinder 32, in the next intermediate tube 34 and in the discharge tube 14 forming a plug, so that an air-tight seal is achieved between the load compartment 20 and the outer space which is outside the outlet opening 38 of the tube
download 14.

With each conveyor stroke, a part of the plug is dislodged out through the outlet opening 38. Separator units are located in the outlet opening 38 40 in the form of blades that undo and break the part of the plug outgoing. With each conveyor stroke, the cap is renewed successively by new compressed material to be transported.

At the beginning of a transportation process, when there is no plug yet, it is first necessary to form a plug. To this end, both transverse gates 36 are planned. arranged, for reasons of space, displaced axially against each other. First, the transverse gates They are taken to their closed position. Then, with a force of reduced feed, the material to be transported is pushed with the conveyor piston 24 inside the intermediate tube 34 against the transverse gate 36, interposed in the travel path, and compressed forming the plug. The travel path of Conveyor piston 24 is controlled by means of a system of travel measurement 62, 64 connected to the hydraulic cylinder of drive 26. As soon as a suitable plug has formed, they open the transverse gates 36 and the plugs move through middle of the strokes successive to the respective discharge tube 14 of the conveyor pistons 24, until they reach the opening discharge 38. To influence the formation of caps in agreement to the consistency of the material to be transported and secure a plug existing, can be placed in the area of the discharge openings 38 diaphragms (not shown) of different openings.

To prevent the formation of vacuum when retracting the cylinder piston, which could lead to breaking the plug, the conveyor pistons 24 and conveyor cylinders 32 are dimensioned in such a way that it remains free between them a gap for the passage of air between the cargo compartment 20 and intermediate tube 34. The inner surface of the tube of discharge, from the intermediate tube and, eventually, also from the cylinder  conveyor is equipped with wear strips that are screwed detachably through the tube wall correspondent. The slats of wear complement each other forming with each other a polygonal inner surface of section no round, preferably polygonal.

As can be seen in figures 2a to c, the outer surface 42 of the conveyor piston 24 is formed by an elongated hollow cylinder 44, whose free front face is closed by a front plate 45, and in which the cylinder is arranged hydraulic drive 26. The cylinder part 48 of the cylinder of drive 26 is articulated with its lower part 50 to rear end of support cage 28 by means of a joint 52 and, at its end on the stem side, supported and guided on the inner surface of the hollow cylinder 44 by two support rollers 54, which have an angular distance between them of 90º. The piston rod 56 of the drive cylinder is articulated by an articulation 58 to the internal part of the front plate 46. In this, the articulation axes of the joints 52 and 58 are adjusted perpendicularly between yes and with respect to the direction of travel of the stem of piston 56. The piston rod 56 has a central hollow space axial 60 in which a steel tube fits centrally axially thin 62, protector of a waveguide, fixed to the end of the side from the bottom of the cylinder part. The waveguide 62 forms, together with a permanent magnet 64 attached to the piston rod, the system of path measurement with which the position can be measured momentary movement of the conveyor piston 24.

Inside the bearing tube 30 is supported of axial central shape and guided the conveyor piston 24. With this finally, they are arranged on the outer side of the bearing tube guide rollers 66 which, in the direction of the outer surface 42 of the conveyor piston, traverse with its tread 68 openings arranged in the wall of the bearing tube. Rollers of guide 66 composed of an elastomeric material, preferably Heavy duty polyamide, are each mounted on a stand of bearing 70. Each bearing support is articulated with a end to a rotating bearing 72 fixed to the bearing tube and in its other end is screwed with a screw 74 aided by spring to the bearing tube 30. The tread 58 of the guide rollers have a complementary concave curvature (Figure 7c) of the outer surface 42 of the conveyor piston 24. As can be seen in Figure 1a to c, the guide rollers are arranged in three axial positions spaced apart from each other and in three perimeter positions distanced from each other in direction perimeter, each perimeter position having two rollers of juxtaposed guides. The conveyor piston 24 is sized in such a way that when retracting in the conveyor cylinder 32 emerges from the area of the guide rollers 66 arranged in position axial rear.

At its end of the compartment side of load, the bearing tube 30 has a packing cassette 76 floatingly fixed, with the help of a tension ring 82, to a recess of the end of the bearing tube, between two O-rings 78, 80, and easily replaceable. The packing cassette 76 it has a basic metal annular body 84 internally provided with perimeter grooves 86 for housing a scraper ring 90 made of elastomeric material, adjustable radially. Slots perimeters 86 for the scraper ring 88 and for the sealing ring of precision 90 are limited by a retaining ring arranged in an annular recess 92 of the basic body 84. As can be seen in Figures 5a to c, 6a and b, the scraper ring 88 and the sealing ring precision 90 are composed in perimeter direction of multiple segments 80 ', 90', each set against a hoop external radial elastomer 96, 98 and may be provided by means thereof from a pressure medium, for example, grease. Segments 88 ', 90' of scraper ring 88 and precision sealing ring 90 they have complementary grooves in the perimeter direction for housing a closed elastomeric clamping ring 104, 106 and are, in the area of the clamping ring, held against the respective outer radial sealing ring 96, 98. To make sure that the segments 88 'of the scraper ring 88 do not turn in the direction perimeter, they are fixed in the perimeter direction in the segments 88 'with the aid of pins 130, inserted in the ring of clamping 94, through the recesses 132, open towards the border (see figures 5a to c and figures 4a and d). In figure 6b it can be seen that the segments of the precision sealing ring 90 ' they have perimeter steps 120 overlapping each other. In addition, the precision sealing ring segments 90 'are composed of two pieces of elastomeric segments 90 '', 90 '' ' different hardness. The perimeter grooves 86 for the segments of scraper ring 88 'and segments of precision sealing ring 90' they can provide, independently of each other, means of pressure through channels 108, 110 of the basic body. For this one Finally, the clamping ring is also provided, for the feeding of pressure means, from annular channels to perimeter grooves 112, 114 open at its edge towards an annular surface 116 of the basic body Perimeter grooves 112, 114 are sealed each other and to the outside by means of sealing rings 118 arranged in contiguous perimeter grooves.

Another channel 122 serves to supply a grease or rinse medium. On its inner surface, the body Basic features other perimetral grooves for housing a retainer 124 and an elastomeric guide tape 126.

The packing cassettes 76 can be prefabricated and completely exchanged. To be able to keep in position the 88 segmented scraper rings and sealing rings precision 90, as well as lip seals 124 and guide tapes 126 in prefabricated state, a mounting tube 128 is provided which is evicted from the packing cassette during the course of the assembly, by sliding the packing cassette 76 over the conveyor piston 24.

In summary, the following can be checked: invention relates to a device for transporting fluid or bulk materials. At least one piston round-trip movable conveyor 24, preferably by hydraulic means 26, a bearing tube 30 that guides the piston conveyor 24 axially on its outer surface 42, a load compartment 20 axially connectable in the direction of transport to the bearing tube 30, which can be supplied with material to be transported by means of a feed hopper 12, and a conveyor cylinder 32 arranged axially in the path of displacement of the conveyor piston 24 connected from the side of entrance to cargo compartment 20 and the output side to a discharge tube 14. In its final position retracted into the bearing 30, the conveyor piston 24 releases the compartment of load 20 to feed hopper 12 while in advance it passes through the cargo compartment 20 and enters the conveyor cylinder 32, dragging material to be transported. For enable a conveyor piston guide without tension and free of wear, the conveyor piston 24 is supported and guided by axial central way in the bearing tube 30, by means of rollers guide 66.

Claims (25)

1. Device for the transport of fluid or bulk materials with at least one conveyor piston (24) movable round trip preferably by hydraulic means (26), a bearing tube (30) that guides the conveyor piston (24) axially on its outer surface (42), a load compartment (20) connectable to the bearing tube (30) axially in the transport direction and that can be loaded with material to be transported by a feed channel or hopper (12), and a conveyor cylinder (32) arranged axially in the travel path of the conveyor piston (24), connected from the inlet side to the cargo compartment (20) and, from the outlet side, to a discharge tube (14) , with the conveyor piston (24) in its final position retracted in the bearing tube (30), it releases the load compartment (20) to the feed channel or hopper (12), and in advance it passes through the load compartment ( 20) dragging mat It is a transport material and penetrates the transport cylinder (32), characterized in that the conveyor piston (24) is supported and guided centrally axially in the bearing tube (30), by means of guide rollers (66). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) are mounted on bearing supports (70) externally detachably fixed to the bearing tube (30) and pass through their tread (68) openings wall of the bearing tube (30) towards the outer surface (42) of the transported piston
dor (24). Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) have an elastically deformable tread band (68). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) are composed of an elastically deformable material. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) are each rotatable on a rotation axis in their bearing supports (70) aligned transverse to the direction of travel of the conveyor piston ( 24). Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the bearing supports (70) are pivotable with respect to the bearing tube (30), around a pivot axis (72) parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller of respective guide (66) and fixable, preferably screwable, to the bearing tube (30) with its opposite end to the axis of rotation with respect to the roller axis, by pressing said guide roller (66) against the outer surface (42) of the conveyor piston (24). Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) have a concave curvature of their tread, complementary to the cylindrical outer surface (42) of the conveyor piston (24). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the guide rollers (66), spaced apart, are arranged in at least two, preferably three axial positions of the bearing tube (30). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that at each axial position the guide rollers (66), wherein an angular distance from each other, are arranged in at least three perimeter positions bearing tube (30). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that each perimeter position is assigned two adjacent guide rollers (66) in the perimeter direction. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the conveyor piston (24) of the diver type has a hollow cylinder (44) closed on one side by a front plate (46) and because in said hollow cylinder it is arranged a hydraulic drive cylinder (26), aligned axially centrally, whose piston rod (56) is articulated to the inner side of the front plate (46) of the conveyor piston (24) and whose cylindrical part (48) is articulated fixed to the bearing tube. 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the joint (58) on the side of the front plate and the joint (52) fixed to the bearing tube have aligned joint axes perpendicular to each other and with respect to the piston rod (56) . 13. Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the cylindrical part (48) of the drive cylinder (26) is supported on the inner surface of the hollow cylinder (44), near the end of the rod side, by at least two support rollers (54), being spaced apart in perimeter direction. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the support rollers (54) have between them an angular distance of 60 ° to 120 °, preferably 90 °. 15. Device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the drive cylinder (26) is provided with a travel measurement system (62, 64) for determining the piston stroke. 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the travel measurement system has a permanent magnet (54) fixed to the piston and, acting in conjunction with the permanent magnet, a rod (62) of magnetizable material fixed to the cylinder. 17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that in the area of the guide rollers (66) there are arranged emergency guide slats composed of a sliding material, preferably bronze. 18. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) and / or support rollers are mounted on ball bearings. 19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the guide rollers (66) are composed in the area of the tread bands (68), at least partially, of a deformable plastic material, especially polyamide for heavy duty 20. Device according to one of claims 8 to 19, characterized in that when the conveyor piston (32) retracts into the conveyor cylinder (32), it emerges from the area of the guide rollers (66) arranged in the axial position later. 21. Device according to one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the drive cylinder (26) is configured as a hydraulic differential cylinder. 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the bearing tube (30) is provided at its end on the side of the load compartment of a replaceable packing cassette (76), arranged on the outer surface (42 ) of the conveyor piston (24) air tight. 23. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that the packing cassette (76) has a knife-shaped scraper ring (88) at its end on the side of the cargo compartment, pointing towards the outer surface (42) of the conveyor piston (24). 24. Device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the conveyor piston (24) fits into the conveyor cylinder (32) with radial clearance. 25. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the conveyor cylinder (32) has a corrugated or polygonal interior surface in the perimeter direction.