ES2244696T3 - Protesis de disco intervertebral. - Google Patents

Protesis de disco intervertebral.

Info

Publication number
ES2244696T3
ES2244696T3 ES02010894T ES02010894T ES2244696T3 ES 2244696 T3 ES2244696 T3 ES 2244696T3 ES 02010894 T ES02010894 T ES 02010894T ES 02010894 T ES02010894 T ES 02010894T ES 2244696 T3 ES2244696 T3 ES 2244696T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
discs
intervertebral disc
elastic means
disc prosthesis
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES02010894T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerald Fehling
Guido Fehling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fehling AG
Original Assignee
Fehling AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fehling AG filed Critical Fehling AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2244696T3 publication Critical patent/ES2244696T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30721Accessories
    • A61F2/30742Bellows or hose-like seals; Sealing membranes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/30092Properties of materials and coating materials using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A61F2002/3011Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30112Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
    • A61F2002/30131Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners horseshoe- or crescent- or C-shaped or U-shaped
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/30Joints
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30433Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30565Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having spring elements
    • A61F2002/30566Helical springs
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    • A61F2002/30565Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having spring elements
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0004Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
    • A61F2230/0013Horseshoe-shaped, e.g. crescent-shaped, C-shaped, U-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0017Angular shapes
    • A61F2230/0019Angular shapes rectangular
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0065Three-dimensional shapes toroidal, e.g. ring-shaped, doughnut-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0069Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/006Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for modular
    • A61F2250/0063Nested prosthetic parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys

Abstract

Prótesis de disco intervertebral con un disco craneal, con un disco caudal esencialmente paralelo y distanciado axialmente con respecto al disco craneal y con medios elásticos insertados entre estos discos, que apoyan estos discos uno contra el otro de una manera elástica a presión, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos (16, 18) están constituidos por una aleación metálica de memoria, que presenta propiedades superelásticas a la temperatura del cuerpo.

Description

Prótesis de disco intervertebral.
La invención se refiere a una prótesis de disco intervertebral según el preámbulo de la reivindicación 1.
Los discos intervertebrales sirven como apoyo elástico a presión entre los cuerpos vertebrales y la columna vertebral. Los daños de los discos intervertebrales, especialmente debidos a degeneración y desgaste pueden conducir a enfermedades graves de la movilidad y a síntomas neurológicos, especialmente dolores y parálisis. Si tales enfermedades no se pueden tratar ya con medios de conservación, entonces se conoce bloquear los cuerpos vertebrales entre sí. Sin embargo, esto tiene como consecuencia que las vértebras afectadas no se pueden mover ya unas con respecto a las otras, de manera que resulta un anquilosamiento de la columna vertebral.
Como alternativa, el disco intervertebral defectuoso se puede sustituir por medio de una prótesis de disco intervertebral del mismo tipo. Una prótesis de disco intervertebral de este tipo está constituida por un disco craneal superior y un disco caudal inferior, entre los cuales se insertan medios de resorte, que apoyan estos discos mutuamente de forma elástica a presión. La prótesis de disco intervertebral se emplea en lugar del disco intervertebral retirado entre las vértebras, siendo anclada con los discos en los cuerpos vertebrales de la vértebra que se encuentra encima y de la vértebra que se encuentra debajo, respectivamente. En una prótesis de disco intervertebral conocida a partir del documento EP 0 706 354 B1, los medios elásticos están formados por un cojín de plástico elástico. En una prótesis intervertebral conocida a partir del documento FR 2 734 148 A1, se forman los medios elásticos por un muelle de titanio o de acero, cuya curva característica provoca un incremento exponencial de la fuerza de resorte a medida que aumenta la distancia entre las vértebras. Estas prótesis intervertebrales conocidas posibilitan una movilidad axial y una movilidad de torsión de las vértebras. Es un inconveniente que el material del medio elástico presenta fenómenos de fatiga, que pueden conducir a una cesión de la capacidad funcional de la prótesis de disco intervertebral y en el caso de muelles metálicos, incluso a la rotura.
La invención tiene el cometido de crear una prótesis de disco intervertebral, que combina una buena movilidad de las vértebras con una capacidad funcional larga.
Este cometido se soluciona, según la invención, por medio de una prótesis de disco intervertebral con las características de la reivindicación 1.
Las formas de realización ventajosas de la invención se indican en las reivindicaciones dependientes.
La idea esencial de la invención consiste en fabricar los medios elásticos de la prótesis de disco intervertebral de una aleación de metal de memoria, que presenta propiedades superelásticas a la temperatura del cuerpo. La superelasticidad, que se designa también como pseudoelasticidad, se basa en una conversión inducida con tensión de austenita en martensita. Esta conversión reversible de la estructura cristalina posibilita una conformación elástica esencialmente mayor en comparación con la elasticidad de Hook de los materiales convencionales y especialmente de los metales convencionales, como por ejemplo acero o titanio. Puesto que la conformación superelástica se basa en una conversión de la estructura cristalina y no como en la elasticidad convencional de Hook en una conformación de la estructura cristalina, la conformación superelástica no conduce a una fatiga del material. Las propiedades elásticas de la prótesis de disco intervertebral se mantienen, por lo tanto, inalteradas también con una duración prolongada del implante y con un número correspondientemente alto de ciclos de carga y no hay que temer una rotura por fatiga de los medios elásticos.
La utilización de aleaciones metálicas de memoria para la fabricación de los medios elásticos permite una gran libertad en la configuración de los medios elásticos. Éstos se pueden clasificar con respecto a sus propiedades elásticas y su fuerza de resorte de una manera fina. Es posible una adaptación óptima de la curva característica de resorte tanto con respecto a los movimientos axiales como también con respecto a los movimientos de torsión.
En una forma de realización, los medios elásticos pueden estar configurados como muelles helicoidales de compresión. Un muelle helicoidal de compresión de este tipo proporciona una movilidad especialmente favorable de las vértebras con respecto a los movimientos axiales, los movimientos basculantes y los movimientos de torsión.
Si se forman los medios elásticos por discos de resorte, entonces se puede realizar una buena movilidad axial y basculante, dado el caso con rigidez más elevada, no existiendo ninguna o sólo una reducida movilidad de torsión.
En otra forma de realización, los medios elásticos pueden estar formados por un muelle helicoidal, que está en forma de un toro entre los discos. Un muelle helicoidal de este tipo permite una movilidad axial a través de la compresión del muelle helicoidal perpendicularmente a su eje. Un basculamiento de las espiras del muelle helicoidal contra su eje posibilita un movimiento de torsión. Por último, los medios elásticos pueden estar configurados también como una o varias láminas de resorte. Con tales láminas de resorte se puede conseguir especialmente una suspensión axial blanda. Los movimientos de torsión son más o menos posibles según la anchura de las láminas de resorte, respectivamente.
La prótesis de disco intervertebral se emplea de una manera preferida para la zona de la columna vertebral, que requiere una movilidad especialmente alta, es decir, especialmente para la zona de las vértebras lumbares y de la vértebra dorsal inferior. La configuración y dimensionado de los medios elásticos se pueden seleccionar en este caso según el empleo de la prótesis de disco intervertebral, en particular según la elasticidad axial necesaria y la movilidad de torsión deseada.
De una manera preferida, los medios elásticos de la aleación metálica de memoria están envueltos por medio de una envolvente de protección flexible, para impedir un crecimiento hacia dentro del tejido, que podría perjudicar las propiedades elásticas de los medios elásticos. La envolvente de protección está constituida con preferencia por un plástico duroelástico biocompatible.
A continuación se explica en detalle la invención con la ayuda de ejemplos de realización representados en el dibujo. En este caso:
La figura 1 muestra de forma esquemática una primera forma de realización de la prótesis de disco intervertebral en la sección axial.
La figura 2 muestra una representación correspondiente de una segunda forma de realización.
La figura 3 muestra una representación correspondiente de una tercera forma de realización y
La figura 4 muestra una representación correspondiente de una cuarta forma de realización.
La prótesis de disco intervertebral presenta un disco craneal superior 10 y un disco caudal inferior 12. Los discos 10 y 12 están fabricados de un material rígido biocompatible, con preferencia de titanio. La forma de la sección transversal de los discos 10 y 12 corresponde esencialmente a la forma del disco intervertebral natural o bien del cuerpo vertebral. En la superficie exterior de los discos 10 y 12 están formadas integralmente mordazas 14, que sirven para amarrar los discos 10 y 12 en las superficies adyacentes de los cuerpos vertebrales cuando se inserta la prótesis de disco intervertebral entre dos vértebras. Los discos 10 y 12 están distanciados axialmente y se apoyan mutuamente a través de medios de resorte elásticos a presión.
En el ejemplo de realización de la figura 1, estos medios elásticos están configurados como muelle helicoidal de compresión 16, en el ejemplo de realización de la figura 2 como un paquete de discos de resorte 18. El muelle helicoidal de compresión 16 y los discos de resorte 18, respectivamente, están insertados en el centro axial entre los discos 10 y 12. Los discos 10 y 12 se pueden presionar de esta manera axialmente uno contra el otro contra la presión de los muelles helicoidales de compresión 16 o bien de los discos de resorte 18 y se pueden bascular uno con respecto al otro. El muelle helicoidal de compresión 16 de la forma de realización de la figura 1 permite, además, una cierta torsión mutua de los discos 10 y 12. Una torsión de este tipo no es posible o sólo en una medida muy reducida en los discos de resorte 18.
En el ejemplo de realización de la figura 3, los medios elásticos están configurados como muelle helicoidal 20, que está colocado en forma de un toro a lo largo de la periferia de losa discos 10 y 12. Por medio de una conformación de las espiras del muelle helicoidal 20 se pueden presionar los discos 10 y 12 axialmente uno contra el otro y se pueden bascular uno con respecto al otro. Es posible un movimiento de torsión de los discos 10 y 12, basculando las espiras del muelle helicoidal 20 contra su eje.
En la forma de realización de la figura 4, los medios elásticos están formados por láminas de resorte 22. Estas láminas de resorte 22 tienen la forma de tiras, uno de cuyos extremos está colocado en el disco superior 10 y cuyo otro extremo está colocado en el disco inferior 12. Las láminas de resorte 22 están dobladas en forma de U, pudiendo estar curvadas hacia fuera, como se muestra en el lado izquierdo de la figura 4 o pueden estar curvadas hacia dentro, como se muestra en el lado derecho de la figura 4. Están dispuestas al menos tres, pero con preferencia seis o más láminas de resorte 22 a la misma distancia angular, a lo largo de la periferia de los discos 10 y 12. Las láminas de resorte 22 posibilitan una suspensión axial especialmente blanda, que posibilita especialmente también un basculamiento de los discos 10 y 12. Sólo es posible un movimiento de torsión cuando las láminas de resorte 22 presentan una anchura reducida (en la dirección circunferencial de los discos 10 y 12).
En lugar de las láminas de resorte 22 individuales dobladas en forma de U, como se representa en la figura 4, puede estar prevista también una lámina de resorte individual, que está dispuesta en el centro axial entre los discos 10 y 12 y presenta sobre su periferia, distribuidos a la misma distancia angular, unos brazos que están dirigidos radialmente hacia fuera, que están fijados de forma alterna en el disco superior 10 y en el disco inferior 12.
Los medios elásticos 16, 18, 20, 22 están fabricados de una aleación metálica de memoria, que presenta propiedades superelásticas en el intervalo de la temperatura del cuerpo (35ºC a 40ºC). Una aleación metálica de memoria de este tipo puede ser, por ejemplo, una aleación de níquel y titanio.
Para impedir un crecimiento hacia dentro del tejido en la prótesis de disco intervertebral, está prevista una envolvente de protección 24. La envolvente de protección 24 está constituida por un plástico bicompatible, que es suficientemente blando y duroelástico, para no impedir la movilidad de la prótesis de disco intervertebral.
En el ejemplo de realización representado, la envolvente de protección 24 tiene la forma de un manguito cilíndrico de pared fina, cuyos extremos abiertos están colocados en cada caso sobre el disco craneal 10 y sobre el disco caudal 12, respectivamente y están cerrados herméticamente y fijados de una manera adecuada.

Claims (8)

1. Prótesis de disco intervertebral con un disco craneal, con un disco caudal esencialmente paralelo y distanciado axialmente con respecto al disco craneal y con medios elásticos insertados entre estos discos, que apoyan estos discos uno contra el otro de una manera elástica a presión, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos (16, 18) están constituidos por una aleación metálica de memoria, que presenta propiedades superelásticas a la temperatura del cuerpo.
2. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos (16, 18) están constituidos por una aleación de níquel y titanio superelástica.
3. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos están formados por un muelle helicoidal de compresión (16), que está dispuesto en el centro axial entre los discos (10, 12).
4. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos están formados por discos de resorte (18).
5. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos están formados por un muelle helicoidal (20), que está dispuesto en formas de un toro entre los discos (10, 12).
6. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según la reivindicación 1 ó 2, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos están formados por uno o varios discos de resorte curvados (22).
7. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según una de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada porque los medios elásticos (16, 18, 20, 22) están rodeados por una envolvente de protección (24).
8. Prótesis de disco intervertebral según la reivindicación 7, caracterizada porque la envolvente de protección (24) es un manguito cilíndrico de un plástico biocompatible duroelástico blando.
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ATE300926T1 (de) 2005-08-15
JP2003024353A (ja) 2003-01-28
US6770094B2 (en) 2004-08-03
US20030009223A1 (en) 2003-01-09
EP1273276B1 (de) 2005-08-03
EP1273276A3 (de) 2003-08-27

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