ES2238329T3 - HINGE FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR SIMILAR. - Google Patents

Abstract

Hinge (100, 100 ¿, 100¿) for doors, windows or the like for rotating housing around an articulation axis (S) of a door leaf, window or similar in a fixed frame, with at least one piece of the hinge of the frame (10, 10 ¿) that is fixed in the fixed frame, with an articulation piece (3, 3¿), with at least one piece of the hinge of the leaf (20), which is fixed on the sheet, with an articulation piece (8), with a hinge pin (15, 15¿, 15¿), which defines the axis of articulation (S), which crosses at least partially an articulation piece (3 ) of the hinge part of the frame (10) and an articulation part (8) of the hinge part of the leaf (20), and with a sliding bushing (30, 30¿, 40, 40¿) , which can be screwed into a threaded hole (9), coaxial the articulation shaft (S), of one of the hinge pieces and which has a corresponding external thread (29), whose displacement bushing receives in a hole i nterior (11), coaxialal joint shaft (S), the hinge bolt (15, 15¿, 15¿), is projected axially from articulation part (8) and rests against the articulation part (3) of the adjacent hinge piece, under the transmission of at least a part of the weight of the blade, in which the displacement bushing (30, 30, 40, 40) is rotatable under the axial application of a rotating tool from one end of the displacement bushing (30, 30 ¿, 40, 40¿) in the articulation piece (8) that receives it, characterized in that the hinge bolt (15, 15¿, 15¿) is rotatable by means of the coupling at its lower end and is rotatably connected with the bushing (30, 30¿, 40, 40¿).

Description

Hinge for doors, windows or the like.

The invention relates to a hinge of the type corresponding to the preambles of claims 1 and 13, respectively.

A hinge of this type is known from EP 893 564 A2. The sliding bushing is arranged in this case in the articulation part of the part of the hinge of the blade and projected down on it in order resting on the upper side of the articulation piece of the hinge part of the frame. The outstanding piece of displacement bushing forms a kind of leg, in which circumferential recesses are provided for the application of a hook wrench, by means of which the scroll bushing, in order to be able to adjust, through of the thread, the position of the hinge piece of the blade on the hinge part of the frame.

The hinges of the type in question are installed with the hinge part of the frame or with the part of the hinge of the leaf on parallel front sides of the frame or the sheet when the sheet is closed. Therefore there is a visible side of the door, window or similar, on which the leaf rests directly in front of the observer.

In the known embodiment, the means of adjustment for height adjustment are freely visible and also accessible to the observer who looks from the side of view.

The invention has the task of configuring a hinge of the type indicated at the beginning so that the means of regulation cannot be recognized and are not accessible from the visible side of the sheet when it is closed.

This task is solved through the invention reproduced in a first version in claim 1 and in a second version in claim 13.

In this way, the means of regulation, through which the bushing can be rotated displacement, do not rest between the two hinge pieces, but are arranged at the end of the front side of the displacement bushing, where they are axially accessible from outside and can be made invisible by means of a hood of cover.

The attack of the displacement bushing is It can perform indirectly on its front side.

But the embodiment according to the claim 2, according to which the attack is carried out in a front end of the hinge pin and it is connected to swivel shape with sliding bushing.

The application of torsion means on the bolt of the hinge is simpler than on the front side of the bushing narrow ring-shaped displacement and also facilitates activation during blade assembly.

The rotating union of the hinge bolt and the displacement bushing may be formed, according to the claim 3, by means of section configurations transverse collaborator, which differs from the circular shape, of the sliding bushing and the hinge pin and, of according to claim 4, it may especially comprise a polygon that is provided on the hinge bolt and that projects on its outer periphery, whose polygon fits into a corresponding polygonal recess in the area of one end of the scroll bushing

To fix the hinge bolt, which is not fixed in this embodiment in the axial direction, in this direction and, in particular, to prevent uncoupling the union rotating, it can be provided, according to claim 5, a Secure the axial position of the hinge pin.

An alternative swivel joint is subject to claim 6.

The cross pivot not only forms a joint rotating, but at the same time the axial lock. However, in this embodiment, it is not possible to disassemble the sheet without disassembling the hinge outside the frame and the blade.

The invention is also suitable for a call roller hinge, in which the sliding bushing is arranged then, in the case of a two roller hinge parts, in the hinge part of the frame and, in the case of a three-part roller hinge, in the lower part of the frame hinge (claim 7).

The roller hinge is characterized in that the articulation parts are essentially cylindrical on the outside with the same diameter and the same axis and the flat flaps of the hinge are projected backward essentially perpendicular to the surface of the frame and the surface of the sheet, respectively.

The sliding bushing can present, according to claim 8, on the upper edge a flange radial, on whose upper side rests the hinge piece of the sheet, in order to transmit the part of the weight of the sheet that It falls on her.

In a first embodiment according with claim 9, the bushing and the flange radial are configured in one piece, while in another embodiment according to claim 10, the bushing displacement ends remotely from the top side of the piece lower hinge frame and on the upper front side of the sliding bushing rests a separate bushing, which presents the radial flange on the upper edge.

In both cases, the piece that presents the tab radial consists of a material that is resistant to pressure and that has favorable friction properties. This is apply especially when the hinge piece of the blade rests directly on the radial flange.

But when the friction reducing function according to claim 11 has transmitted an intermediate ring of low friction material, then the demands placed on the shortage of friction under high load on the radial flange are no longer so high But at the same time, the intermediate ring can serve to support the cylindrical lining of the lower part of the frame hinge.

According to claim 12, in this function, in the case of a three-piece frame hinge, on the top side of the hinge piece of the blade may be provided a corresponding intermediate ring, which bears the lining of the top part of the frame hinge.

In the second version of the invention, according with claim 13, in a hinge of the type indicated at In principle, the displacement bushing is provided in your area circumferential, which extends inside the hinge piece, with settings for the application of a rotating tool that strikes through an opening on the back side of the hinge.

Therefore, in this case, the tool swivel does not apply, as in the previous version, in parallel to the axis of articulation, but perpendicularly the axis of joint through the opening on the back side of the hinge. However, this opening is not visible and is not accessible. when the leaf is closed, so that they are not here either View the means of regulation.

According to claim 14, the offset bushing configuration can be a jagged circumferential thereof, in which you can fit, for example, a screwdriver, in order to further rotate step to step, under rotation, the sliding bushing in front of the piece of the hinge that receives it.

An alternative possibility to the direct turn of the displacement bushing is the subject of claim 15. By middle of the cross screwdriver can rotate the bushing travel faster than with the normal screwdriver, in which can only achieve a step-by-step rotation of a tooth to another. But since the hinge regulation only it is done from time to time, in certain circumstances, in general, only during the first assembly, it has no Importance of rotation speed.

In the preferred embodiment, the sliding bushing is arranged in the hinge piece of the sheet (claim 16), although it could also be achieved, in principle in the case of an arrangement in the hinge piece of the frame.

In a convenient way, the cap of displacement according to claim 17 has at least in its end of support, on which it rests, therefore, on the piece of articulation of the other hinge piece, a ring of low pressure resistant material slip friction, which may be configured, in particular, according to the claim 18.

Therefore, the slip ring has a flat piece that fits between the sliding bushing and the adjacent hinge piece, and a cylindrical piece, surrounding the end of the sliding sleeve.

In order to accommodate this piece, which fits in the articulation piece that receives the displacement bushing, the configuration according to claim 19 is recommended.

In particular, in the case of three hinges parts, it is recommended that at both ends of the bushing displacement are provided equal slip rings, with  in order to use hinges without modifications with a stop to the right and with a stop to the left (claim twenty).

The invention can be used both in a two-part hinge (claim 21) as well - and this is the preferred embodiment - in a three part hinge (claim 22).

Examples of embodiment of the invention

Figure 1 shows a front view of a called a three-part hinge, partially in section, along the axis of the hinge according to the line I-I in figure 3.

Figures 2 and 3 show sections transversal according to lines II-II and lines III-III, respectively, in Figure 1.

Figure 4 shows a reproduction, which corresponds to figure 1, of its lower part, to illustrate the invention in a two piece hinge.

Figure 5 shows a section, which corresponds to figure 1, through a roller hinge of three parts

Figure 6 shows a section according to the line VI-VI in Figure 5.

Figure 7 shows a view according to Figure 5 from below with the cover cap removed.

Figure 8 shows a side view according to the Figure 5 from the right.

Figure 9 shows a view according to Figure 8 from above.

Figure 10 shows a sectional view that corresponds to the bottom of figure 5 of a form of slightly modified embodiment.

Figure 11 shows a representation that corresponds to figure 1 of a second version of the invention.

Figure 12 shows a fragment of Figure 11 with another type of rotary activation.

Figure 13 shows the activation of the version according to figure 11.

Figure 14 shows an enlarged reproduction of the area framed with dots and strokes in figure 13.

Figure 15 shows the activation of the form of embodiment according to figure 12.

The hinge 100 reproduced in Figure 1 is a called a three-part hinge with one piece bottom hinge frame 10, a top piece of the 10 'frame hinge, which is placed remotely on top of shape matching and with a hinge piece of sheet 20 that fits in middle from the side. The hinge parts of the 10 and 19 'frame they have fixing pieces 1 or 1 'in the form of plates or in form of blocks (figures 2 and 3), which are supported with their back side plane 2, 2 'on the front side plane of frame 60 (figure 13) and contain holes 23 for the passage of fixing screws, which they fit through the fixing pieces 1, 1 'in the frame. The 1, 1 'fixing pieces are configured in one piece with articulation pieces 3, 3 ', which have a cross section, in general, square with rounded corners and extend in a vertical side of fasteners 1, 1 'and slightly from these. In the articulation pieces 3, 3 'are configured 4 cylindrical aligned holes 4, in which they are arranged hinge bolt bushings 5, 5 'plastic, which they are used to accommodate the ends of a hinge bolt 15 essentially cylindrical, which passes from the articulation piece 3 through the hinge piece 8 of the hinge piece of the sheet 20 in the articulation piece 3 '.

The hinge part of sheet 20 is configured in a similar way and presents a fixing piece 6 in the form of a plate or block with a flat back side 7, in which vertical side, directed towards the hinge pieces of the frame 10, 10 'the articulation piece 8 is approximately stable, in general, in the cross section with rounded corners, which fits with reduced axial play between the hinge parts of the frame 10, 10 'and is crossed there by the hinge bolt 15. The articulation piece 15 has a threaded bore 9 coaxial to the articulation shaft S (figure 1), into which a displacement bushing 30 with its outer thread 29, which presents an internal passage 11, coaxial to the articulation axis S, for the hinge pin housing 15.

The parts of the hinge 10, 10 'and 20 are manufactured by means of machining with saw from a profile pressed by extrusion of an aluminum material and, therefore, have at their ends placed in the direction of the axis of the hinge flat limiting surfaces parallel to each other, whose limiting surfaces 20 ', 20''are identified in the fi-
Figure 1.

The displacement bushing 30 projects, according to figure 1, with its lower end 31 on the surface of 20 '' lower limitation of the hinge piece of sheet 20. The lower end 31 is formed by a slip ring 32 of a low friction pressure resistant material, for example of a suitable plastic or a bronze, which is configured in the form of an angle in the cross section that follows from of figure 1 and that starts through the axis of articulation S. cross section of the slip ring 32 has a first arm 33, which forms a flat ring, which is arranged between the lower front side 31 'of the projecting part 31 of the displacement bushing 30 and limiting surface upper part of the lower part of the frame hinge 10 and that transmits the forces introduced from the hinge piece of sheet 20 on the hinge piece of the frame 10. The ring of slip 32 also has in the cross section a arm 34, which extends perpendicularly to arm 33, which forms a cylindrical part of the slip ring 32 and surrounding the protruding lower part 31 of travel sleeve 30. The slip ring 32 is coupled on an outer part protruding cylindrical 31 of travel sleeve 30 and fits with an inner projection 35 in a circumferential groove corresponding of the outstanding piece 31 for the purpose of axial mooring. To create space for arm 34, the drill threaded 9 is removed at 36 over a distance that corresponds to the maximum stroke to be performed during the rotation of the bushing displacement 30 in the articulation part 8 of the part of the leaf hinge.

The hinge part of sheet 20 is symmetrically configured to the middle plane perpendicular to the axis of S joint, so that also on the upper side of the articulation hinge piece protrudes a ring of slip 32, which relies on the inverted arrangement of the hinge 100 on the limiting surface, lower in figure 1, of the hinge part of the 10 'frame.

The articulation pin 15 presents in the area of the upper end in figure 1 of the bushing 30 an octagonal projection 12 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of S joint and that is projected radially on its periphery cylindrical, whose projection can be inserted axially in a recess 13, configured accordingly, at the end upper of the bushing 30 and establishes a joint swivel between hinge pin 15 and bushing displacement 30.

In the vicinity of the upper end, the bolt of the hinge 15 has a circumferential groove 25, in which radially fits a captive screw 26, which sits on the 5 'hinge bolt cap wall, in order to tie the hinge pin 15 in the direction of the articulation shaft S.

On the upper end, on the front side there of the hinge bolt 15, a hexagonal recess is made 14, in which a hexagonal key not shown, with in order to rotate the hinge bolt 15. To enable the access to the hexagonal recess, which is carried out in the articulation shaft direction S, the bottom of the bushing hinge pin 5, 5 has a step 16. Step 16 and means for the torsion of the bushing 30 are hidden by means of covers 17 that are placed on the surface of lower limitation of frame hinge part 10 or on the upper limiting surface of the hinge piece of the 10 'frame.

Therefore, from the vision side of the hinge 100, which corresponds to the vision according to figure 1, is not possible to recognize the means to achieve the regulation of the height. The symmetrical configuration of the hinge part of sheet 20 with ends 31, protruding upward as well as down, from the bushing 30 or the rings of sliding 32 surrounding it makes it difficult, moreover, also easy recognition of the adjusted modifications of the career, they don't show up this way so easily.

The bushing 30 has approximately in the center an outer circumferential groove 37, in which a captive screw 38 fits screwed into a drill threading of the articulation piece 8, by means of which it is possible to tie the rotating position of the bushing 30. The threaded hole for captive screw 38 is guided from back on the joint piece, so that the screw prisoner 38 is no longer accessible when the leaf is closed.

In all the figures, the head covers of the fixing screws in the parts fixing the hinge parts. Only in figure 2 is indicates a fixing piece 18 of this type with dots and strokes, which is held from behind with the help of fixing means, arranged in inclined holes 19, not shown in detail.

Figure 4 illustrates that the principle of The invention can also be applied in a two-piece hinge. He 30 'offset bushing not configured symmetrically here to the middle plane, but ends at a certain distance below the upper limitation surface of the hinge part of the sheet 20. The rotating union of the 15 'hinge pin and the displacement bushing 30 'is performed in this case by means of a transverse pivot that crosses, in the upper area of the 15 'offset bushing, a transverse bore thereof and the hinge bolt 15 ', which also assumes the axial fixation of the hinge pin 15 'in front of displacement bushing 30'. The hinge bolt 15 'also has a recess here hexagonal 15, in which a key can be inserted from above corresponding nuts. The upper end of the threaded hole 9 of the hinge part of the sheet 20 can be closed by means of a cover 22.

Figure 5 shows the application of the principle of the invention in a so-called three-part roller hinge, comprising a lower part of the hinge of the frame 10, a top part of the frame hinge 10 'and one piece of the hinge of sheet 20 that fits in between. The hinge pin does not crosses in this case over all three parts of hinge 10, 20, 10 ', but it is divided. The bottom hinge bolt 15 '' extends into the bottom hinge piece of frame 10 and on the hinge piece of sheet 20. The bushing of displacement 40 is screwed into a thread of the lower part of the hinge of the frame 10 and presents at the lower end a polygonal recess 14, by means of which the travel bushing 40. By means of adjusting screw 26 The rotating position reached is set. At the top end, the displacement bushing 40 has a radial flange 45, on which supports an intermediate ring 46, which has two functions: on the one hand, it transmits the forces that act from the piece of the leaf hinge 20 down on the bushing displacement 40 and thus on the lower part of the frame hinge and, on the other hand, intermediate ring 46 serves as a fixing support for the cylindrical lining 47 of the lower part of the frame hinge 10. The lining 47 is essentially cylindrical configured and has at the upper end an inner annular groove, in which the intermediate ring 46 fits with a surrounding outer cord. Also on the upper side a ring is provided on the hinge part of the leaf 20 intermediate 46, which only exerts here, however, the function of the fixing bracket for the lining of the upper part from the frame hinge 10 '. Also the hinge piece of the sheet 20 has a coating 48. The coatings 47, 48, 49 they are placed coaxially superimposed and have the same diameter, so that the hinge parts give the impression of a "roller."

The hinge parts have flaps of flat hinge 10 '' and 20 '' that extend backwards, that is, essentially perpendicular to the plane of the frame and or to the plane of the sheet, which fit between the profiles of the fixed frame and the leaf frame and are fixed there with their free ends of a way not represented.

The embodiment according to figure 10 it only differs from the embodiment of figure 5 because the bushing 40 'has the thread 29 in the lower end while in the sliding sleeve 40 It is provided at the upper end. In addition, the cap of displacement 40 'does not itself have a radial flange, but this is provided in a separate bushing 28, which extends the 40 'offset bushing up and carry tab radial 45 'at the upper end. The upper limitation of displacement bushing 40 'is therefore at distance below the upper limitation of the lower part of the hinge of the frame 10.

In the embodiments according to figures 5 and 10, the rotation drag of the sliding bushes 40 or well 40 'is carried out through radial "lugs" 27 small, fully pressed from the bolt material of the hinge 15 '', which fit into corresponding recesses of the slot type of 40 and 40 'offset bushes, respectively.

A hinge 200 is reproduced in figure 11, which It represents the second version of the invention. To the extent that pieces are present, which correspond in this case functionally to the hinges according to figures 1 to 10, they are used The same reference signs.

The hinge 200 is again, so to speak, a hinge of three parts. In threaded hole 9 of the articulation part 8 of the hinge part of the leaf 20 it is screwed, however, a bushing 50, in which is carried out directly the rotating attack in the case that a hinge adjustment 200 is necessary. The bushing of displacement 50 has a cylindrical coaxial bore 11, a through which the hinge bolt rotatably fits fifteen''. Since the hinge bolt 15 '' 'does not participate in the torsion transmission, no settings required corresponding on the hinge bolt 15 '' ', that is, not it has no hexagonal recess in correspondence with the recess 14 in hinge 100 on its upper front surface or lower.

To enable the rotation of the bushing of displacement 50, this one presents approximately in the center of its length a circumferential toothed 41, which occupies in the example of realization approximately one quarter of the total height of the scroll bushing 50. This extension in the direction longitudinal is enough to grab with a screwdriver 42 between the teeth of the circumferential teeth 41 and to exert a torque on the bushing 50. With this end, from the rear side of the hinge piece of the sheet 20 an access is created through the wall of the hinge piece 8 in the form of an opening 43 (figure 14), whose height corresponds, in the direction of the articulation axis S, approximately at the screwdriver blade width 42, the extension of which is without However, in the circumferential direction slightly greater than the that would be necessary for the simple step of the screwdriver blade 42. In this way, the tip of the blade can be extended a little of the screwdriver 42 in the circumferential direction under the drag of the displacement bushing 50, either under the rotation of the screwdriver 42, either through the simple movement of the same in the circumferential direction. The extension of the opening in the circumferential direction must correspond at least to the distance between the outer limitation of two teeth of the teeth 41, so that the bushing 50 can be rotated additionally in the articulation piece 8 from one tooth to another in the direction of the arrow 14.

The opening 43 is located on the rear side of the articulation piece 8, so that the access, visible in Figures 13 and 14, towards the bushing 50 It is only possible when the frame of the sheet 24 is turned in front to the fixed frame 60, as depicted in figures 13 and 14. When the leaf is closed, the opening 43 points towards the fixed frame 60 or well towards the frame of sheet 24, which are then found essentially on a plane. It is no longer possible to access the opening 43 when the leaf is closed. Then you can't either recognize by what means the hinge adjustment is carried out 200 in the direction of height.

Figure 12 shows a bushing of displacement 50 'modified, in which in the same way the spin attack is not performed through the hinge bolt, but directly.

The displacement bushing 50 'has a circumferential groove 51 of trapezoidal cross-section approximately in the center of its length. The lower flank 52 of the circumferential groove 51 projects from a toothed crown 56, which extends in the axial direction, which owes a distance from the bottom 54 of the circumferential groove 51 on its inner side. Also here there is provided on the rear side of the hinge piece of the blade 20 an opening 43 ', which has here, however, the shape of a drill, into which a cross screwdriver 42' can be inserted, fitting the ribs 55 forming the cross between the teeth 53 of the crown 56 (figure 15). The tip of the cross screwdriver 42 'fits in this case into the circumferential groove 51. During the rotation of the cross screwdriver 42' the displacement bushing is rotated further as in the case of a drive
pinion swim.

Claims (21)

1. Hinge (100, 100 ', 100' ') for doors, windows or the like for rotating housing around a articulation shaft (S) of a door leaf, window or similar in a fixed frame, with at least one piece of the frame hinge (10, 10 ') that is fixed in the fixed frame, with a piece of joint (3, 3 '), with at least one piece of the leaf hinge (20), which is fixed on the sheet, with an articulation piece (8), with a hinge pin (15, 15 ', 15' '), which defines the axis of articulation (S), which crosses at least partially a joint piece (3) of the hinge piece of the frame (10) and an articulation piece (8) of the part of the leaf hinge (20), and with a sliding bushing (30, 30 ', 40, 40 '), which can be screwed into a threaded hole (9), coaxial the articulation shaft (S), of one of the hinge pieces and that It has a corresponding external thread (29), whose bushing displacement receives in an inner bore (11), coaxial to the axis of joint (S), the hinge pin (15, 15 ', 15' '), is axially projects from articulation piece (8) and rests against the hinge piece (3) of the hinge piece adjacent, under the transmission of at least part of the weight of the sheet, in which the bushing (30, 30 ', 40, 40') is rotatable under the axial application of a swivel tool from one end of the bushing displacement (30, 30 ', 40, 40') in the joint piece (8) who receives it characterized in that the hinge pin (15, 15 ', 15'') is rotatable by means of the coupling at its lower end and is rotatably connected to the displacement bushing (30, 30', 40, 40 '). 2. Hinge (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the swivel joint is formed by means of configurations of the cross-section of the sliding bushing (30, 30 '; 40, 40') and of the hinge pin (15, 15 '') complementary, collaborators, which differ from the circular shape. 3. Hinge (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the configuration of the cross section comprises a polygon (12) provided on the hinge pin (15), which projects on its cylindrical outer circumference, which fits into a recess corresponding polygonal (13) in the area of one end of the bushing (30). 4. Hinge (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a lock (25, 26) of the axial position of the hinge pin (15, 15 ', 15'') is provided. 5. Hinge (100 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the swivel joint is formed by means of a transverse pin (21), which transversely crosses the hinge pin (15') and the displacement bushing (30 ') . 6. Hinge (100 '') according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is configured, as it were, as a roller hinge and the displacement bushing (40, 40 ') is arranged in the lower part of the hinge of the frame (10). 7. Hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that the displacement bushing (40) has a radial flange (45) on the upper edge, on which surface the hinge piece of the leaf (20) rests. 8. Hinge according to claim 7, characterized in that the displacement bushing (40) and the radial flange (45) are configured in one piece. 9. Hinge according to claim 7, characterized in that the displacement bushing (40 ') ends at a distance from the upper side of the lower part of the frame hinge (10) and on the upper front side of the displacement bushing (40') a separate bushing (28) rests, which has the radial flange (45 ') at the upper edge. 10. Hinge according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that an intermediate ring (46) of material is provided between the radial flange (45, 45 ') and the lower side of the hinge piece (20). low friction, which carries at the same time the outer lining (47) of the lower part of the frame hinge. 11. Hinge according to claim 10, characterized in that in the case of a three-part roller hinge (100 ''), an intermediate ring is provided on the upper side of the hinge piece of the sheet (20 '') (46) corresponding, which bears the lining (49) of the upper part of the frame hinge (10``). 12. Hinge (200) for doors, windows or similar for rotating housing around an axis of articulation (S) of a door leaf, window or similar in a fixed frame, with at least one piece of the frame hinge (10, 10 ') that is fixed in the fixed frame, with a piece of joint (3, 3 '), with at least one piece of the leaf hinge (20), which is fixed on the sheet, with an articulation piece (8), with a hinge pin (15 ''), which defines the articulation axis (S), which crosses at least partially a articulation piece (3) of the frame hinge part (10) and a hinge piece (8) of the hinge piece of the blade (twenty), and with a sliding bushing (50, 50 '), which can be screwed into a threaded hole (9), coaxial the shaft of joint (S), of one of the hinge pieces and that carries a corresponding external thread (29), whose bushing displacement receives in an inner bore (11), coaxial to the axis of joint (S), the hinge pin (15 ''), projects axially from articulation piece (8) and rests against the joint piece (3) of the adjacent hinge piece, under the transmission of at least part of the weight of the sheet, characterized in that the displacement bushing (50) has, in its outer circumference, which extends inside the articulation piece (8), configurations for the application of a rotating tool (42, 42 '), which impacts through an opening (43, 43 ') on the rear side of the articulation piece (8). 13. Hinge (200) according to claim 12, characterized in that the configuration is a circumferential toothing (41) of the displacement bushing (50) and the opening (43) has a width in the circumferential direction corresponding to at least a distance between teeth. 14. Hinge according to claim 12, characterized in that the configuration comprises a circumferential groove (51) with a trapezoid or V-shaped cross-section, on one of whose flanks (52) a toothed crown (56) with teeth is provided. (53) projecting axially over the circumferential groove (51) and because the opening is a radial bore (43 '), through which a cross screwdriver (42'), so that the toothing (55) of the cross screwdriver (42 ') meshes with the toothed crown (56) and the tip of the cross screwdriver (42') is projected into the circumferential groove (51). 15. Hinge (100, 100 '; 200) according to one of claims 1 to 5 and 13, 14, characterized in that the displacement bushing (30, 30'; 40) is arranged in the hinge piece of the sheet ( twenty). 16. Hinge (100, 100 ') according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the displacement bushing (30, 30') has at least one sliding ring (32) of a material resistant to its support end low friction pressure. 17. Hinge (100, 100 ') according to claim 16, characterized in that the displacement ring (32) has a plane, which passes through its axis, an angular cross section and an arm (33) is arranged perpendicular to the articulation shaft (S) between the upper limiting surface of the articulation part (3) of the frame hinge part (10) and the front side there of the displacement bushing (30, 30 ') and the other arm (34), which corresponds to a cylindrical part of the slip ring (32), which embraces the end (31) of the displacement bushing (30, 30 '), extends from the upper limiting surface of the articulation piece ( 3) of the hinge part of the frame (10), at least as far as the stroke of the sliding sleeve (30, 30 ') in the articulation part (8) of the hinge part of the leaf ( twenty). 18. Hinge (100, 100 ') according to claim 17, characterized in that the articulation piece (8) of the hinge piece of the blade (20) has a recess at the end directed towards the sliding ring (32) (36) for housing the cylindrical part of the slip ring (32), which has a depth corresponding at least to the stroke of the displacement bushing (30, 30 '). 19. Hinge (100, 100 ') according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the same sliding rings (32) are provided at both ends of the displacement bushing (30, 30'). 20. Hinge (100) according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that it is configured as a two-part hinge with a single hinge piece of the frame (10) and a hinge piece of the sheet (20). 21. Hinge (100, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that it is a three-part hinge with two pieces of frame hinge (10, 10 ') provided superimposed and with a piece of leaf hinge ( 20) that fits in between them.