ES2221737T3

ES2221737T3 - VIA FERREA, MAINLY IN URBAN AREA.

Info

Publication number: ES2221737T3
Application number: ES99470002T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Patrick Pelletier
Original assignee: STRADAL SA
Current assignee: STRADAL SA
Priority date: 1998-02-09
Filing date: 1999-02-05
Publication date: 2005-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2019-02-05
Also published as: DE69917818D1; FR2774708B1; EP0935022A1; FR2774708A1; EP0935022B1; ATE268834T1; DE69917818T2

Abstract

The steel reinforced concrete sleeper (1) for a railway or tram track has a concreted support slab (12). This slab comprises two lateral blocks (2,3) connected by a metal brace (4). A rail (7,8) is fixed on each block by rail fixing fasteners (14). The thickness of the blocks under the rail support is reduced and the brace has in its central part a bend (16) enabling the forming of a rainwater drainage conduit (11) in the support slab approximately along the track axis.

Description

Vía férrea, principalmente en zona urbana.Railroad track, mainly in urban areas.

La presente invención tiene por objeto una vía férrea principalmente en zona urbana, que comprende al menos una traviesa incorporada a una losa o plancha de soporte de hormigón del tipo "de dos bloques", que comprende esencialmente dos cabezas laterales unidas por una travesero metálico, estando un raíl fijado sobre cada cabeza por medio de fijaciones de amarre de raíl.The present invention aims at a way railway mainly in urban areas, which includes at least one crossbar incorporated into a concrete support slab or plate of the "two-block" type, which essentially comprises two side heads joined by a metal crossbar, a rail being fixed on each head by means of mooring fixings of rail.

Actualmente, existen dos técnicas principales para la realización de vías férreas en zonas urbanas:Currently, there are two main techniques for the realization of railways in urban areas:

- la primera consiste en realizar vías sin traviesa con anclaje de las fijaciones de raíl directamente en la losa de soporte de vía, siendo los raíles pre-posicionados con la ayuda de barras antes del colado de la losa de soporte. Esta técnica es pesada de poner en práctica y de un coste elevado pues demanda una mano de obra importante. Además, no permite más que cadencias de tendido lentas y no permite la utilización de dispositivos de amortiguación eficaces.- the first is to make roads without crossbar with anchoring rail fasteners directly on the track support slab, the rails being pre-positioned with the help of bars before casting of the support slab. This technique is heavy to put in practical and of a high cost because it demands a workforce important. In addition, it does not allow more than slow laying cadences and does not allow the use of damping devices effective.

- la segunda utiliza traviesas clásicas pre-posicionadas antes del colado de la losa de hormigón que soporta el conjunto de la vía. Estas traviesas tienen, principalmente al nivel de la zona de apoyo del raíl, un espesor importante que comporta un coste elevado para la realización de las vías. Además, estas traviesas no disponen de dispositivo que permita unir las traviesas a la losa de soporte.- the second uses classic sleepers pre-positioned before casting the slab of concrete that supports the whole track. These sleepers have, mainly at the level of the rail support area, a thickness important that entails a high cost for the realization of tracks. In addition, these sleepers do not have a device that allow the ties to be attached to the support slab.

El objeto de la invención es paliar los inconvenientes de las traviesas de la técnica anterior, tales como las descritas por ejemplo en los documentos FR 1 387179 A y EP 0 465 390 A, debiendo ser estas traviesas de poco espesor al nivel de las cabezas mientras permiten un drenado de las aguas de lluvia.The object of the invention is to alleviate the drawbacks of prior art sleepers, such as those described for example in documents FR 1 387179 A and EP 0 465 390 A, these sleepers should be of little thickness at the level of the heads while allowing a drain of rainwater.

De acuerdo con la invención, se propone con este fin una vía férrea principalmente en zona urbana, que comprende al menos una traviesa incorporada a una losa de soporte de hormigón del tipo de dos bloques que comprende dos cabezas laterales unidas por un travesero metálico, estando fijado un raíl sobre cada cabeza por medio de fijaciones de sujeción de raíl, caracterizada porque el espesor de las cabezas bajo el apoyo del raíl se reduce con relación al de las zonas adyacentes a la cabeza, y porque el travesero comprende en la parte central un curvado que permite la realización en la losa de soporte, sensiblemente siguiendo el eje de la vía y encima de la citada parte central, de un conducto de drenaje de las aguas de lluvia o riego que comunica con la cara superior de la losa.In accordance with the invention, it is proposed with this finally a railway track mainly in urban areas, which includes the minus a sleeper incorporated into a concrete support slab of the type of two blocks comprising two joined side heads by a metal crossbar, a rail being fixed on each head by means of rail fasteners, characterized in that the thickness of the heads under the rail support is reduced with relation to that of the areas adjacent to the head, and because the In the central part it comprises a curved part that allows the realization in the support slab, substantially following the axis of the track and above said central part, of a conduit of drainage of rainwater or irrigation that communicates with the face top of the slab.

Se comprenderá mejor la invención con la ayuda de la descripción que sigue hecha en referencia a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales:The invention will be better understood with the help of the description that follows made in reference to the drawings that are accompany, in which:

- la figura 1 es una vista en corte transversal con relación al eje de la vía,- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view in relation to the axis of the track,

- la figura 2 es una vista desde arriba de una traviesa.- Figure 2 is a top view of a naughty.

Una traviesa (1) de tipo de dos bloques se presenta en forma de cabezas laterales (2, 3) de hormigón armado unidas entre sí por un travesero (4) cuyas partes laterales (4a, 4b) están embebidas en el cuerpo de hormigón de cada cabeza (2, 3). El travesero confiere así a la traviesa una rigidez que facilita las fases de manutención y de colocación de la citada traviesa.A sleeper (1) of two-block type is presents in the form of lateral heads (2, 3) of reinforced concrete joined together by a cross member (4) whose side parts (4a, 4b) are embedded in the concrete body of each head (2, 3). The cross member thus gives the crossbar a stiffness that facilitates the maintenance and placement phases of the said crossbar.

Las cabezas están empotradas en una losa de soporte (12).The heads are embedded in a slab of support (12).

La zona de apoyo (5, 6) del raíl (7, 8) de cada cabeza (2, 3) presenta, de acuerdo con la invención, un espesor reducido por ejemplo un espesor de alrededor de 120 mm.The support area (5, 6) of the rail (7, 8) of each head (2, 3) has, according to the invention, a thickness reduced for example a thickness of about 120 mm.

Además, en el modo de realización representado, el travesero (4) comprende en la sección central un curvado (16) hacia abajo que permite realizar, a pesar de la dimensión reducida de traviesa, un conducto de drenaje (11) de las aguas de lluvia o riego al nivel de la losa de soporte (12) siguiendo sensiblemente el eje (13) de la vía.In addition, in the embodiment shown, the cross member (4) comprises in the central section a bend (16) down that allows to realize, in spite of the reduced dimension of sleeper, a drainage pipe (11) of rainwater or irrigation at the level of the support slab (12) following substantially the axis (13) of the track.

Ventajosamente, la losa de soporte (12) presenta al nivel de su cara superior una pendiente (15) de un lado y del otro del eje de la vía que permite conducir las aguas de lluvia o riego hacia el conducto de drenaje (11).Advantageously, the support slab (12) has at the level of its upper face a slope (15) of one side and of the another of the axis of the road that allows to drive rainwater or irrigation to the drainage channel (11).

De manera ventajosa, cada cabeza (2, 3) comprende en la parte inferior una armadura (9, 10) de acero envuelta en el cuerpo de hormigón de la citada cabeza, extendiéndose la citada armadura hacia el exterior y lateralmente en cada cabeza. Estas armaduras (9, 10) "salientes" en la parte inferior de cada cabeza permiten una unión entre la traviesa y la losa de soporte.Advantageously, each head (2, 3) comprises at the bottom an armor (9, 10) of steel wrapped in the concrete body of said head, extending said body armor outward and laterally on each head. These trusses (9, 10) "protrusions" at the bottom of each head allow a union between the sleeper and the slab of support.

Los raíles (7, 8) están fijos a las cabezas (2, 3) al nivel de las zonas de apoyo por medio de fijaciones de sujeción de raíles (14) tradicionales, por ejemplo del tipo STEDEF (NABLA AP o RN) o del tipo
PANDROL (FASCLIP) o de tipo VOSSLOH.The rails (7, 8) are fixed to the heads (2, 3) at the level of the support areas by means of traditional rail fasteners (14), for example of the STEDEF type (NABLA AP or RN) or of the kind
PANDROL (FASCLIP) or VOSSLOH type.

La traviesa (1) comprende además un sistema de ajuste de la altitud de vía antes del colado (no representado).The crossbar (1) further comprises a system of track altitude adjustment before casting (not shown).

Ventajosamente, las fijaciones de sujeción de raíl (14) y el sistema de ajuste de la altitud están protegidas por una envoltura de protección de sujeción (no representado).Advantageously, the fasteners of rail (14) and the altitude adjustment system are protected by a clamp protection wrap (not shown).

Claims

1. Railroad track, mainly in urban areas, comprising at least one crossbar (1) incorporated into a concrete support slab (12) of the type of two blocks comprising two lateral heads (2, 3) joined by a metal crossbar (4), a rail (7, 8) that is fixed on each head (2, 3) by means of rail fasteners (14), characterized in that the thickness of the heads under the rail support is reduced relative to that of the adjacent areas of the head, and because the cross member comprises in the central part a curved (16) that allows the realization in the support slab, following substantially the axis (13) of the track and above said part central, of a drainage pipe (11) of rain and irrigation waters that communicates with the upper face of the slab.

2. Railroad track according to claim 1, characterized in that the support slab (12) comprises at the level of its upper face a slope (15) that allows rain and irrigation waters to be directed towards the drainage pipe (11).

3. Railroad track according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each head (2, 3) comprises at the bottom an armor (9, 10) of steel wrapped in the concrete body of said head, extending the cite reinforcement outwards and laterally to each head to allow a union with the support slab (12).

4. Railroad track according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a track altitude adjustment system before casting.

5. Railroad track according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it also receives a clamp protection wrap that protects the rail clamp fasteners (14) and the altitude adjustment system.