ES2214615T3 - DEVICE IN A CHRONOMETER FOR THE PARTICULAR PRESENTATION OF MOON PHASES. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stopwatch for measuring and representing geophysical data by means of a measurement recorder, a measurement converter, a sequencer and a screen (2) intended to present the phases of the moon. These phases are calculated by means of a digital sequencer on the screen (2) by symbols in the form of pictograms.

Description

Device on a stopwatch for presentation particularly of phases of the moon.

The invention refers to a device planned in a timer to measure and present the data geophysicists, according to the preamble of Claim 1.

The visible shape of the moon in the sky, namely its phase, depends on its position on its route around the Earth. When she is between the sun and the earth, the Sunlit semi-sphere is not visible from the earth, what is the new moon. Soon after, you can see a crescent (crescent). When the moon continues its trajectory, the rising rises, the moon grows and finally, it's half the side turned to the earth who is enlightened: the moon is in his first room; She has traveled a quarter of her orbit. She It continues to grow and ends up being a full moon. When the same continues her career, she then begins to decrease, the It reaches the last quarter and returns to a crescent. The cycle Start with the new moon that follows. A measure in relation to previous plan of the fixed stars, gives the moon 27.32166 days to make a complete turn of the earth. This period is called sidereal month. As the earth moves itself around the sun, the interval between two new moons is a little longer than a sidereal month; It is called synodic month, which lasts 29,53059 days. East Period is also called lunar month or lunarization.

To present the phases of the moon, it is known among others some chronometers that present pictograms of the phases of the moon by means of an analog development controller and by intermediate of certain gear wheel transmissions. East analog type of representation and phase determination in course of the moon needs a complicated definition of initial conditions with subsequent regulations, and the precision is not satisfactory, since after a certain time, there is an advance or a delay in the presentation of phases of the moon with respect to the effective phases of the moon.

For the memory of the DE Patent application 27 16 5l7, a procedure and a device of determination of the instant of the day in which, by a command of development with the help of electronic components such as between other watchmaking generators, grilles, counters and some comparators, the position of the sun is measured by the intermediation of sensors and is evaluated by the actuation of a heating device

By US-A 5 208 790, SATO, a device is known according to the preamble of the Claim 1, which is provided in a stopwatch astronomical.

By document DE-C 4 4l2 702, a device for representing values of Analog operation and integrated radio clock, which does not allow however presenting the phases of the moon.

Finally, by document DE-A 2 245,539, an electro-optical device is known and quasi-analog representation of values that allows to represent the phases of the moon and other parameters Weather not defined in greater detail.

The object of the present invention is that of propose a chronometer equipped with a device according to the invention to present the phases of the moon, make it simple to use and in which the precision is high. According to the invention, this object is achieved with the characteristics of the claim 1.

The development of the phases of the moon is preferably divided into eight time bands that are represented on the screen by eight symbolic pictograms different.

These eight time bands representing the different symbolic pictograms are all the same length or have different lengths. Preferably, in the case of time bands of different lengths, the latter can Represent an entire day and alternate from one day to another.

In a preferred embodiment, the control of the development for the calculation of the phases of the moon and its representation in the form of symbolic pictograms on the screen is constituted of a time base that presents the shape of a quarter, of frequency dividers, of counters, of an introduction unit, of a write and read memory (RAM), a fixed value memory (ROM) and a drive arithmetic-logic (ALU).

The chronometer equipped with the agreement device with the invention it has the essential advantage that the conditions initials or initial values are automatically calculated by entering the date and time of day and that the ongoing phase of the moon can thus be accurately represented And very accurate. In addition, a synchronism is foreseen that prevents, by comparing the effective data with the data stored in memory in a fixed value memory (ROM) that prevents a deviation from the representations of the phases of the moon, which can also be done in variant or at the same time by means of synchronizing the time base of the stopwatch with a central radio transmitter through a radio receiver.

Examples of embodiment of the invention are represented in the figures.

Between them:

Figure 1 represents an organization chart of the chronometer equipped with the device according to the invention.

Figure 2 represents a diagram of the development of a first embodiment.

Figure 3 represents a diagram of the development of a second embodiment and

Figure 4 represents the eight pictograms Different symbolic.

In the organization chart represented in Figure 1, the numerical reference (1) designates the control of the development of the stopwatch equipped with the device according to the invention for the calculation of the phases of the moon and their representations under the form of symbolic pictograms I (figure 4). The latter are represented on the screen (2). Main components of development control (1) are among others a time base that it has the form of a quarter (3), frequency dividers (4), counters (5), of the introduction unit (6), of the read and write memory (RAM) (7), of the stock memory fixed (ROM) (8 and arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) (9).

The development of the phases of the moon is divided in eight time bands by the computer system that presents the form of development control (1) associated with its logic and phases of the moon are represented on the screen (2) by eight different symbolic pictograms.

The eight time bands can have the same Length or have different lengths. To determine the values initial, the temporary data of the significant phases of the moon, in particular the new moon and / or the full moon, in fixed value memory (ROM) (8). To start the timer and to calculate and represent the current phase of the Moon, date and time of day are entered in the unit of introduction (6). After the introduction of the date and the time of day, the initial values that serve to represent the Current phase of the moon are calculated by the development command (1) and transmitted. After the calculation and presentation of the values initial, the phases of the moon are represented in a way cyclically repeated by symbolic pictograms I by discount of the moon's travel time around the earth in a development control counter (1) and by its division into eight temporary bands or eight phases.

The calculation and representation of the phases of the moon after the calculation of the initial values can be synchronized by the time base (3) of the development control (1) through the significant phases of the moon, in particular the new moon and / or the full moon, preserved in memory in the fixed value memory (ROM) (8). In addition, the temporary base (3) it can, in variant or complement, be synchronized on the exact data on a temporary radio basis, through the integrated radio receiver (10).

To calculate the initial values, the difference in the date of the day entered and the date of the phase significant of the immediately preceding moon, in particular the new moon and / or full moon, from the date preserved in the fixed value memory (ROM) (8). The value of this difference is a then divided by 3.6875 and the calculated value is divided into an integer part X and a fractional part Y. The division by 3.6875 results from the synodic month of about 29.5 days and a 8 phase division. The value thus formed supplies 3.6875 days per moon phase in the case in which the 8 time bands have the same length.

The integer part X constitutes the initial condition and therefore the first symbolic pictogram I associated, which is represented on the screen (2). The fractional part Y is multiplied by 10, and at this value, all 8.85 h. is added or increase by 1 until the number thus formed has reached the value 10. When this is the case, the integer X is added a 1, then representing the development command (1) the next phase of the moon on the screen.

This operative form will be explained with the help of an example.

Suppose the date of the day is February 28 1997, 13 hours. At this time the chronometer equipped with the device according to the invention Entering this date The date of the significant phase of the immediately preceding moon, in particular the new moon, is stored in fixed value memory (ROM) (8) and suppose that she be on February 23, 1997, 7 p.m. The difference to form gives 4 days and 18 hours or 4'75 days. This value is divided by 3.6875 and gives rounding 1.3. The integer part X = 1 and the fractional part Y = 0.3. The value X = 1 gives the first symbolic pictogram to represent and, depending on the convention taken here, this will be the pictogram of the new moon. The fractional part Y = 0.3 is multiplied by 10, what gives (3) and, all 8.85 h, a unit is added to this value that is therefore increased until the value (19) is reached. The value of 8.85 h constitutes the tenth of 3.6875 days. When the value 10 is reached by increment by 1 all 8.85, a unit is added to the X value, which in the example present, give one (2). This means that it is now the second symbolic pictogram, a crescent, which is represented on the screen (2).

When the eight time bands of eight phases of the moon to represent have the same length, after calculation of initial values X or X + 1, all 3.6875 days, one unit is added to the value X + 1 in a counter of the control of development (1) the counter being a "module 8" counter and the value of the phase so represented (DV) represents the eight symbolic pictograms (1).

A "module 8" counter counts from 1 to 8 and restart below in 1.

Figure 2 represents a development diagram for these representations of the same length of the phases of the moon, which are still going to be explained in detail.

In the case where the phases of the moon to represent have different lengths, in variation to what explained above, the duration of the representation of two successive phases of the moon may vary, and in particular alternate, preferably from one day to the next, when the duration of the representation of each phase of the moon must be made by whole days. For this purpose, we refer to the diagram of development of figure 3, which will also be explained with detail.

In these phases of the moon that is necessary represent for a whole day, a counter "module 59" of development control (1) increases two units each day after of the calculation of the initial conditions, and therefore the eight symbolic pictograms I of the phases of the moon can be represented on the screen (2) for four or three values successive counting, and the eight phases of the moon can be repeatedly displayed on the screen (2) by intermediate of the counting values or the phase values of the associated moon (MPV) of the counter "module 59". Nature of the module counter (59) comes from the rotation period of the moon, which is 29.5 days, multiplied by 2, which supplies a whole number When the counter module (59) has counted to 59 and is increased by 2, it starts again at 2 and counts for stages 2 through 58, then start with 1 and count up to (59), etc.

In the case where the phases of the moon should if presented alternately by means of a module counter (59) according to the development diagram of Figure 3, the calculation of the initial conditions is identical to that of the phases of the moon represented during the equal durations of the diagram of development of Figure 2.

To explain the development diagram, we we refer first to figure 2. Through this diagram, the eight phases of the moon of the same length "in good condition tempered "are represented by eight symbolic pictograms I different on screen 2.

In the game, it is entered by the unit of introduction (6) of development control (1) the date and time of day, with the year, month, day, hour, minute. This value is compared to the date and time of the significant phase of the preceding moon immediately, in particular the new moon, and the difference. This difference is generally given in days, hours and minutes In the next stage, this difference is divided by 3.6875 and you get the Z number that is made up of the part integer X and the fractional part Y. X is separated and led to the screen (2) through the registration and after setting agreement with symbolic pictogram I associated with this number and represented on the screen (2).

The fractional part Y is multiplied by 10, and Every 8.85 hours, one unit is added until the value (19) be reached. The value X + 1 is then formed and represented on the screen (2) through registration. Then, a unit is added to the value X + 1 every 3.6875 days in a module counter (8) and is represented on the screen (2) by Intermediate registration. The eight phases of the moon are repeated like this cyclically every 3.6875 days through the counter module (8).

The development diagram of Figure 3 in the which the phases of the moon represented are alternated, it follows of the development diagram in Figure 2. The calculation of Initial conditions is identical. X is formed as described previously, Y is again multiplied by 10 and increased by 1 all 8.85 hours, until 10. X is represented on the screen (2) in the form of a symbolic pictogram I corresponding through registration. X + 1 is then formed and in a counter, a unit is added to X + 1 every 3.6875 days until the value (8) is reached, and this value is represented on the screen (2) by registration intermediation. All of the Initial conditions are then satisfied. In an accountant, module (59), increases by 2 every day and the values thus obtained are divided into intervals following the development diagram of Figure 3

By registration intermediation, the values of The phases of the moon (MPV) 2,4,6,8 or 1,3,5,7 are associated with the first value shown (DV), for example 1, and are represented on the screen by the corresponding symbolic pictogram I. By registration intermediation, the values of the phases of the moon (MPV) 10,12,14,16 or 9,15, 15 are associated with the second value of visual representation (DV), for example to 2, and are represented on the screen (2) in the form of a symbolic pictogram I correspondent.

During a cycle, the values of the phases of the Moon (MPV) 52.54.56, 58 or 51.53.55.57, 59 are formed and are visually represented on the screen (2) through the registration in the form of an eighth value and according to the convention in the form of an eighth symbolic pictogram I. All states They are repeated cyclically.

The representation of symbolic pictograms on the screen (2) it is preferably carried out at a rate of 12 seconds, a moon being represented during the first second, two moons during the second second, three moons during the third second, four moons during the four second, five moons during the fifth second, six moons during the sixth second, seven moons during the seventh second, eight moons during the eighth second, and from the ninth to the twelfth second, it is the current phase of the moon that It is visually represented.

In addition to representing the phases of the moon, the chronometer equipped with the device according to the invention can, represent on the screen (2) other geophysical data, in Particular temperature, air humidity, air pressure and weather data.

Claims (18)

1. Device provided in a timer for the measurement and representation of geophysical data by some measure recorders, measure converters, a command of development and a screen (2) in particular to represent the phases of the moon, the phases of the moon being calculated by means of a numerical development control (1) and can be represented on the screen (2) by means of symbolic pictograms (I), characterized because A) the development control (1) includes for calculation of the phases of the moon and its representation on the screen (2) in the form of symbolic pictograms (I) a temporal reference (3) that can be synchronized through a radio receiver (10) integrated over a time reference broadcasting and why B) as geophysical data, in addition to the phases of the moon, in particular the temperature, the humidity of the air, the air pressure or weather data can be represented on the screen (2). 2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the development of the phases of the moon is divided into eight time bands that are represented on the screen (2) by eight different symbolic pictograms (I). 3. Device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the eight time bands are all the same length or have different lengths. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the development control (1) that calculates the phases of the moon and represents them in the form of symbolic pictograms (I) on the screen (2) is constituted of a temporal reference that has the form of a quarter (3), of frequency dividers (4), of counters (5) of an input unit (6), of a read-write memory (RAM) (7) , a fixed value memory (ROM) (8) and an arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) (9). Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the temporary data of significant phases of the moon are stored in the fixed value memory (ROM) (8) Device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as significant phases of the moon, fixed values (ROM) (8) are retained in memory, in particular the temporary data of the new moon and / or of full moon. 7. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in order to start the device and to calculate and represent the current phase of the moon, the date and time of day are entered in the introduction unit (8). Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that after the introduction of the date and time of day, the initial values that serve to represent the moon phase of the day are calculated and prepared by the development command (1). 9. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that after the calculation and representation of the initial values, the phases of the moon are calculated by discounting the period of rotation of the moon around the earth in a counter of the development control (1), these phases being represented cyclically repeated by the symbolic pictograms (I) after they have been divided into eight time bands or eight phases. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the calculation and representation of the phases of the moon can be synchronized by the time reference (3) of the development control (1) after the calculation of the values initials by intermediation of the significant phases of the moon preserved in the fixed value memory (ROM) (8), in particular the new moon and / or the full moon. 11. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that for the calculation of the initial values, the difference between the date and time entered and the date and time of the significant phase of the immediately preceding moon is formed , in particular the new moon and / or the full moon, from the date and time stored in the fixed value memory (ROM) (8). 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the value of the difference is divided by 3.6875 and that the calculated value is divided into a whole part (X) and a fractional part (Y). 13. Device according to Claim 12, characterized in that the entire part (X) represents the initial condition and therefore the first associated symbolic pictogram (I) that is represented on the screen (2). 14. Device according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the fractional part (Y) is multiplied by 10, and at this value, a unit is added all 8.85 hours until the number thus formed has reached the value 10, and then a unit is added to the whole part (X), following which the next phase of the moon is represented on the screen (2) by the development command (1). 15. Device according to one of Claims 3 or 11 to 14, characterized in that when the time bands of the eight phases of the moon to be represented are of the same length, after the calculation of the initial values (X, X + 1 ), a unit is added every 3.6875 days to the X + 1 value in a development control counter, the counter being a "module 8" counter, the value of the represented phase (DV) thus formed representing the eight pictograms symbolic (I) of the phases of the moon. 16. Device according to one of Claims 3 or 11 to 14, characterized in that when the phases of the moon must be represented for a whole day have different lengths, the duration of the representation preferably alternates from one day to another between two successive phases of the moon. 17. Device according to Claim 16, characterized in that when the phases of the moon must be represented during a whole day, after the calculation of the initial conditions, a counter "module 59" of the development control (1) is increased of 2 every day, and thus the symbolic pictograms (I) of the eight phases of the moon can be represented on the screen (2) for 4 or 3 successive counting values, and the eight phases of the moon can be represented so cyclic repeated on the screen (2) by the associated counting values of the "module 59" counter. 18. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the representation of symbolic pictograms (I) on the screen (2) is carried out for a rate of 12 seconds, a moon being represented during the first second, two moons during the second second, three moons during the third second, four moons during the fourth second, five moons during the fifth second, six moons during the sixth second, seven moons during the seventh second, eight moons during the eighth second, the phase being current of the moon represented from the ninth to the twelfth second.