ES1247064U - AUTOMATIC SWITCHING NOZZLE (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Automatic switching nozzle to be connected in a vehicle washing system that comprises a hydraulic circuit in which a hose (29) is located for the connection of a washing gun (30) with a lance in which it is connected the nozzle (1), the nozzle (1) being characterized by comprising an outer casing (1) with a fluid inlet hole (4) and a fluid outlet hole (5) in which it is located coaxially, leaving a gap that forms a duct (6), an inner capsule (3) open at the ends and configured by a first chamber (12) and a second chamber (13) separated by a wall with a narrowing that houses a transverse hole (15) and through which a piston (7) slides, comprising a head (10), a longitudinal recess (8), a transverse hole and a widening in the open base, where: - the head (10) of the piston (7) is located in the second chamber (13) while the open base of the piston (7) is located in the first chamber (12) where there is also a spring (18) hugging the piston (7) to force it to be in contact with the end of the outer casing (2), - the transverse hole (11) of the piston (7) is aligned with the transverse hole of the inner capsule (3), so that, when the liquid enters through the fluid inlet hole (4), it enters the recess (8) of the piston (7), exerting a force on the inner surface (9) of the piston (7) such that, - if the liquid enters at low pressure, the force exerted on the piston (7) does not exceed that of the spring (18), and the liquid circulates through the transverse hole (11) to go through the pipe (6) towards the hole fluid outlet (5), through which leaves the nozzle (1); - if the liquid enters at high pressure, the force exerted on the piston (7) exceeds that of the spring (18), displacing the piston (7) to misalign the transverse hole (11) with the transverse hole (15) and unlocking fluid access to the second chamber (13) to exit through an internal hole (14) towards the fluid outlet hole (5), through which it leaves the nozzle (1). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

AUTOMATIC SWITCHING NOZZLE

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention consists of a nozzle to be incorporated into vehicle washing lances intended to project fluids both at low pressure or foam and at high pressure so that a single washing lance is used which, with automatic switching from the nozzle, allow one outlet to be isolated from the other, reducing the necessary equipment for the installation.

Find special application in the field of apparatus for cleaning and / or disinfecting vehicles.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the current state of the art, in washing facilities, a washing phase is first carried out with high-density foam that adheres to the surface of the vehicle to weaken the most embedded dirt, and then a targeted washing is carried out by spraying the high pressure fluid. These two actions are carried out with independent lances. The first lance incorporates a nozzle that contains a large diameter hole that creates a fan with a greater angle to project foam onto a larger surface of the vehicle, while the second lance incorporates a nozzle with a reduced-size hole that allows the spraying of the vehicle to be focused. fluid.

Each of the lances implies the use of a hydraulic circuit and all the necessary equipment to supply each fluid to its corresponding lance, making it difficult to use each one, as well as an increase in the cost of the installation due to the duplication of components .

In addition, the fact of having multiple lances on the same washing track is a disadvantage in choosing the lance associated with each washing program.

From the state of the art, washing lances are known that have independent inlets and outlets in the same lance, that is, they have a specific pipeline to spray the fluid at high pressure, ending this in a nozzle with a reduced-size orifice, and, a second pipeline to project the foam, which ends in a second nozzle with a larger hole size. An example of this dual-channel system is anticipated in DE3214180A1, which describes a washing lance that has an additional device that allows the fluid to be channeled through a second channel through the use of a valve. This system has the drawback that by duplicating the pipeline, the weight of the device increases, making it more uncomfortable for the user.

Another arrangement known in the state of the art consists in using a single pipeline for the fluid, either at low pressure or high pressure, and the end of the pipeline can be switched between a small hole nozzle and one with a large hole, depending on the program. washing.

This known arrangement is described in multiple ways in different documents. For example, documents DE10257783B3 and EP0146795A, describe a nozzle connected to a washing lance with two different positions that switch manually, modifying the path that the fluid follows until reaching the outlet hole. However, these provisions have the disadvantage that the commutation must be done manually, therefore, it is not guaranteed that, during the selection of the washing program, the fluid leaves the appropriate hole, and may cause incorrect foaming.

A different arrangement incorporating a shared pipeline is also known, as described in DE3544340 and EP1663504B1, which employ a nozzle that automatically switches between two positions. When the fluid is under sufficient pressure to advance the plunger to the high pressure position, the system works properly. However, when the device is in the low pressure position, the described systems have the disadvantage that the fluid circulates through both holes, both the hole provided for low pressure or foam and the high pressure hole. When the foamy fluid passes through the high pressure orifice, since it has a smaller diameter, it breaks the foam, generating a jet of fluid without foam, which in turn breaks the foam, which is projected through the larger diameter nozzle. thus projecting a low density or quality foam.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In order to achieve the objectives and avoid the aforementioned drawbacks, the Present invention describes an automatic switching nozzle intended to be connected in a vehicle washing system in which there is a hydraulic circuit where a hose (29) is located for the connection of a washing gun with a lance where the nozzle is connected (one). The nozzle comprises an outer casing with a hole for fluid inlet and a hole for fluid outlet. Coaxial to the outer casing is an inner capsule open at the ends and configured by means of a first chamber and a second chamber separated by a wall in which there is a narrowing where a transverse hole is located. Through this narrowing slides a piston comprising a head, a longitudinal recess, a transverse hole and a widening in the open base. In addition, the inner capsule is separated from the outer casing by a separation that configures a pipeline.

The piston head is located in the second chamber while the open base of the piston is located in the first chamber where there is also a spring hugging the piston that supports between the widening of the end and the chamber separation wall. In this way, the spring forces the piston to be in contact with the end of the outer casing. Furthermore, the transverse hole of the piston is aligned with the transverse hole of the inner capsule.

With the described configuration of the nozzle, it can be seen that the nozzle behaves differently depending on whether the liquid enters its interior at low pressure or at high pressure.

Thus, when the liquid enters at low pressure through the fluid inlet port of the outer casing, the fluid enters the recess of the piston, continues through the transverse hole to go, through the pipeline, towards the fluid outlet port, for the one who abandons the mouthpiece;

However, as the high pressure liquid enters through the fluid inlet port of the outer casing, the fluid enters the recess of the piston, pressing on the inner surface of the piston, exerting a force that exceeds that of the spring and displaces to the piston to misalign the cross bore with the cross bore. In this way, the fluid circulates through the transverse hole of the piston and is directed towards the second chamber to exit through an internal hole located at the end towards the fluid outlet hole, through which it leaves the nozzle.

The spring force defines the working limit of the nozzle between low pressure and high pressure.

Finally, with the aim of creating a seal between the first chamber and the second chamber, one option is for the piston to slide through a first joint located between the spring and the wall of the narrowing and through a second joint located between the wall of the narrowing and a highlight of the second chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

To complement the description that follows, and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification, based on which the innovations and advantages of the invention will be more easily understood. device of the invention.

- Figure 1 represents a general sectional view of the nozzle of the invention in the low pressure or foam position.

- Figure 2 represents a general sectional view of the nozzle in the high pressure position.

- Figure 3 represents an example of a hydraulic circuit to unify the inlet pipe to the lance.

Below is a list of the references used in the figures:

1. Mouthpiece.

2. Outer shell.

3. Inner capsule.

4. Fluid inlet hole.

5. Fluid outlet hole.

6. Channeling.

7. Piston.

8. Cupping.

9. Inner surface.

10. Piston head.

11. Transverse hole.

12. First chamber.

13. Second chamber.

14. Internal hole.

15. Transverse hole.

16. First meeting.

17. Second meeting.

18. Spring.

19. Pressure group.

20. High pressure pump.

21. High pressure valve.

22. Bypass valve.

23. Dosing pump.

24. Non-return valve.

25. Low pressure valve.

26. Venturi.

27. Compressor.

28. Static mixer.

29. Hose.

30. Pistol.

31. Throw.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Both Figure 1 and Figure 2 represent a front and longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle of the invention in operating positions with low pressure and high pressure fluid, respectively.

The nozzle (1) of the invention is configured by an outer casing (2) that incorporates a fluid inlet port (4) and a fluid outlet port (5). Internally it comprises an inner capsule (3) hollowed out and open at the ends. It is joined to the outer casing (2) by the end where the fluid inlet hole (4) is located to extend coaxially towards the end where the fluid outlet hole (5) is located, where it incorporates an internal hole (14 ) for the fluid outlet from the internal capsule (3). Furthermore, the inner capsule (3) configures a first chamber (12), located in the area closest to the fluid inlet port (4) and a second chamber (13), located in the other extreme. The end of the first chamber (12) is open coaxially with the fluid inlet port (4). The end of the second chamber (13) incorporates an internal hole (14) located coaxially with the fluid outlet hole (5).

The gap between the outer casing (2) and the inner capsule (3) configures a duct (6) for the circulation of the fluid under low pressure or foam conditions, as will be described later.

The union of the two chambers (12, 13) presents a wall with a narrowing in which a transverse hole (11) is located that crosses the inner capsule (3), communicating the two chambers (12, 13) with the ductwork (6).

A piston (7) open at one end supports the end of the outer casing (2) that incorporates the fluid inlet port (4) through the open end. The piston (7) goes through the narrowing in a tight way, with the closed end, or head (10) of the piston (7), located in the second chamber (13). The piston (7) also incorporates a transverse hole (15) so that, when it is supported on the outer casing (2), it remains in correspondence with the transverse hole (11) of the inner capsule (3), leaving the hollow (8) ) of the piston (7) communicated with the pipeline (6).

The first chamber (12) also incorporates a spring (18) that embraces the piston (7). One end of the spring (18) rests on the wall of the first chamber (12) where the narrowing is located by means of a first joint (16), while the other end of the spring (18) rests on a widening that the piston (7) has. ) at the open end by means of the one that supports the outer casing (2). The spring (18) causes the piston (7), in a state of rest, to be pressed against the outer casing (2).

The first seal (16) embraces the piston (7) tightly to provide tightness of the first chamber (12) with the taper. In the same way, a second gasket (17), of the rod collar type, tightly embraces the end (10) of the piston (7) to provide sealing between the narrowing and the second chamber (13).

Once the configuration of the nozzle (1) has been described, the functionality is described below.

The nozzle (1) is located at the free end of a lance (31) attached to a pressure gun (30) for washing vehicles.

When fluid enters the nozzle (1) through the inlet hole (4), it accesses the recess (8) of the piston (7). For the piston (7) to move, the force exerted by the fluid on the inner surface (9) of the head (10) of the piston (7) has to overcome the force of the spring (18).

The spring (18) has enough force to maintain its position when the fluid enters at low pressure, between 1 and 6 bar. This is the situation represented in figure 1. In this case, the fluid enters the inside of the nozzle (1) through the fluid inlet hole (4) to enter the recess (8) of the piston (7), leaving through the transverse hole (11) and through the transverse hole (15) to enter the pipeline (6) and exit the nozzle (1) through the fluid outlet hole (5).

In situations where the fluid enters the nozzle (1) at high pressure, between 100 and 120 bar, the spring (18) does not have sufficient force to counteract the pressure exerted by the fluid on the inner surface (9) of the piston (7), whereby the piston (7) moves to a second position. This situation is represented in figure 2.

The displacement of the piston (7) causes the transverse hole (11) of the piston (7) to stop being in correspondence with the transverse hole (15) of the inner capsule (3), blocking the access of the fluid to the pipeline ( 6). The transverse hole (15) of the piston (7) is positioned in the second chamber (13), allowing the fluid to access it to exit through the internal hole (14) and go towards the fluid outlet hole (5), with which it is aligned, to exit the nozzle (1).

A preferred embodiment of the circuit upstream of the washing lance (31) is described below, allowing the nozzle (1) of the invention to be reached through the hose (18) of a washing gun (30) with a single channeling, bearing in mind that in this embodiment, only one type of water and one type of chemical are described. The extension to different inlets of these fluids is a generalization of the system described.

In the case of the high-pressure program, to push the liquid to the nozzle (1), a pressure group (19) is located at the entrance to the circuit, which propels the liquid to a high-pressure pump (20) through of a high pressure valve (21) that opens and closes the circuit. This high pressure pump (20) allows the required pressure to be reached, between 100 and 120 bar, and can be regulated through a bypass valve (22). A chemical can be introduced between the pressure group (19) and the high pressure pump (20), through a dosing pump (23), blocking the circulation of the liquid in the opposite direction by means of a non-return valve (24).

In the case of the low pressure or foam program, the same pressure group (19) is used to push the liquid to the nozzle (1) and, when the high pressure valve (21) does not open, a valve acts low pressure (26), opening or closing the circuit through a second branch. The chemical that allows the foam to be manufactured is introduced into said circuit through another metering pump (23) connected to the corresponding non-return valve (24), which prevents the channeling of the liquid in the opposite direction. At this point the initial fluid is mixed with the chemical that passes through a Venturi (26) where a gas is introduced at a lower pressure than that of the fluid, through a compressor (27) that also incorporates a non-return valve (23 ) which allows the gas to flow only in the direction of the hydraulic circuit. This mixture of gas, water and chemical product is homogenized in a static mixer (28), producing a dense foam.

Before reaching the point of union between the high pressure and foam circuits, there are two non-return valves (23) that prevent the fluid from entering the opposite circuit, allowing the passage of fluid to the hose (29) that connects to the nozzle (1) through the gun (30).

Finally, it should be noted that the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment described here. Other configurations can be made by those skilled in the art in view of the present description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims (4)

1.- Automatic switching nozzle to be connected in a vehicle washing system that comprises a hydraulic circuit in which a hose (29) is located for the connection of a washing gun (30) with a lance in which connects the nozzle (1), the nozzle (1) being characterized in that it comprises an outer casing (1) with a fluid inlet hole (4) and a fluid outlet hole (5) in which it is located coaxially, leaving a gap that configures a pipe (6), an inner capsule (3) open at the ends and configured by a first chamber (12) and a second chamber (13) separated by a wall with a narrowing that houses a transverse hole ( 15) and through which a piston (7) slides, comprising a head (10), a longitudinal recess (8), a transverse hole and a widening in the open base, where: - the head (10) of the piston (7) is located in the second chamber (13) while the open base of the piston (7) is located in the first chamber (12) where there is also a spring (18) hugging the piston (7) to force it to be in contact with the end of the outer casing (2), - the transverse hole (11) of the piston (7) is aligned with the transverse hole of the inner capsule (3), so that, when the liquid enters through the fluid inlet hole (4), it enters the recess (8) of the piston (7), exerting a force on the inner surface (9) of the piston (7) such that, - if the liquid enters at low pressure, the force exerted on the piston (7) does not exceed that of the spring (18), and the liquid circulates through the transverse hole (11) to go through the pipe (6) towards the hole fluid outlet (5), through which leaves the nozzle (1); - if the liquid enters at high pressure, the force exerted on the piston (7) exceeds that of the spring (18), displacing the piston (7) to misalign the transverse hole (11) with the transverse hole (15) and unlocking fluid access to the second chamber (13) to exit through an internal hole (14) towards the fluid outlet hole (5), through which it leaves the nozzle (1). 2.- Automatic switching nozzle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (18) is located between a widening of the piston (7) at the open end and the wall of the narrowing of the inner capsule (3). 3.- Automatic switching nozzle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (7) slides through a first seal (16) located between the spring (18) and the wall of the narrowing and a second seal (17) located between the wall of the narrowing and a projection of the second chamber (13), so that a seal is created between the first chamber (12) and the second chamber (13). 4.- Automatic switching nozzle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the force of the spring (18) defines the working limit of the nozzle (1) between low pressure and high pressure.