ES1071098U

ES1071098U - Criba for onions (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1071098U
Application number: ES200930437U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Miquel Grau Calafell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-09-17
Filing date: 2009-09-17
Publication date: 2010-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2019-09-17
Also published as: ES1071098Y

Abstract

Screen for onions, in general a screen designed for the screening of buried or horticultural products of another type as they are collected with the elimination of the residues of earth, stones, rubble branches or others that normally accompany the products collected, whose screen has has been designed for incorporation in a harvesting machine of the type of which include means for the extraction of the buried product, a first front belt (1) for the raising and raising of the products unearthed towards a first device (2) of screening through from which the waste of earth or other small waste is eliminated, the device being suitable for the delivery of the sifted products to a reception hopper (14) located at the rear of the machine and from which they can be transferred. Products, then, to a container (15) of any type, located below the hopper and supported by a conveyor belt ( 18) so that once the successive containers (15) are filled, they are transported by said belt (18) towards the outlet end for its subsequent transportation to the place of storage or consumption, characterized in that the device comprises: said first screening means (2), which is structured as an endless belt that moves according to the longitudinal direction of the machine, and which is constituted by a multiplicity of transverse elements (3) successively parallel and separated from each other by a predetermined distance, subject at both ends to chains associated with groups of lateral pinions (4), of which at least one of said pinions is motive and receives movement from a hydraulic, pneumatic, or other suitable motor member; a transverse drive means, positioned above the plane of said first screening means (2) at a predetermined adjustable height with respect to the surface of the latter, formed as an endless band (5), and endowed with a multiplicity of filaments (6) projecting orthogonally from its surface, successively separated by a predetermined distance and by means of which the branches or similar residues are dragged to a side of the machine, where they are collected for later disposal; an endless band (7), positioned after the first screening means (2), which receives the products from the latter after having experienced said first screening, animated with a variable speed movement, and capable of being positioned in height by means of respective regulating devices (8), one on each side, and each one of them provided with a respective manually operated handle (9); an endless band (13), positioned after the previous band (7) and at a predetermined distance to leave between them a gap of pre-established dimensions; a turbine (10) generating a stream of air directed towards said gap between both consecutive endless bands (7, 13) with a predetermined inclination, by which an adequate orientation is provided to the stems of the fruits (c) while it helps them in their passage through the aforementioned hollow between bands while allowing the heavier stones or rubble (17) to fall through the hole downwards; a group (11) of cut, composed of several fan-cutters (12) that on the lower part facing the fruits (c), are each protected by a closing grid that protects a respective blade associated with each fan-cutter, which moves along with it, and which cuts the stems of the fruits (c) oriented towards the fan-cutters (12) by means of the air current generated by the turbine (10), as they pass in the direction of longitudinal dragging of the device, and whose air current is also responsible for dragging the cut stems towards the outside of the device, and a ribbon (16) of variable length, which receives at one of its ends the fruits already sifted from said band (13), and which delivers them at the opposite end to said collection hopper (14). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Criba para cebollas.Screen for onions.

Object of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a criba para cebollas, que aporta esenciales características de novedad y notables ventajas con respecto a los medios conocidos y utilizados para los mismos fines en el estado actual de la técnica.The present invention relates to sieve for onions, which brings essential novelty characteristics and Remarkable advantages over known and used media for the same purposes in the current state of the art.

Más en particular, la invención propone el desarrollo de un dispositivo concebido a modo de criba de naturaleza mecánico-neumática, para acondicionamiento de productos agrícolas, del tipo de las cebollas o similar, estructurado de modo que admite su incorporación como elemento complementario en máquinas más complejas tales como las encargadas de las operaciones de recolección, clasificación y envasado de cebollas, tubérculos y otros productos hortofrutícolas, incluyendo el dispositivo de criba una pluralidad de medios capacitados para la realización de un limpieza previa y consiguiente eliminación de las ramas y desperdicios que acompañan al producto, medios de recepción del producto, regulables en altura, medios impulsores de una corriente forzada de aire, tal como una turbina o similar para facilitar la orientación de los tallos del producto (las cebollas) en la dirección adecuada para permitir el corte de los mismos mientras que, simultáneamente, permite que caigan las piedras, cascotes y otros restos vegetales que eventualmente acompañen al producto, y medios de ventilación y corte de los tallos, regulables en altura para su adaptación a las distintas necesidades de corte y acondicionamiento.More particularly, the invention proposes the development of a device designed as a screen for mechanical-pneumatic nature, for conditioning of agricultural products, of the type of onions or similar, structured so that it admits its incorporation as complementary element in more complex machines such as in charge of collection, classification and packaging of onions, tubers and other fruit and vegetable products, including the screening device a plurality of media trained to perform a precleaning and consequent elimination of the branches and waste that accompany to the product, means of receiving the product, adjustable in height, driving means of a forced air flow, such as a turbine or similar to facilitate the orientation of the product stems (onions) in the right direction for allow them to be cut while, simultaneously, allows stones, rubble and other plant debris to fall that eventually accompany the product, and means of ventilation and cutting of the stems, adjustable in height for adaptation to the different cutting and conditioning needs.

El campo de aplicación de la invención se encuentra comprendido del sector industrial dedicado a la fabricación de máquinas agrícolas en general, en particular máquinas cosechadoras y recolectoras de tubérculos y otros productos hortícolas.The scope of the invention is is comprised of the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture of agricultural machines in general, in particular tuber and other harvesting and collecting machines horticultural products

Background and Summary of the Invention

Es conocido por todos en general el hecho de que la recolección de productos hortícolas del tipo de las cebollas, las patatas y otros productos enterrados, ha requerido a lo largo del tiempo la utilización de una abundante cantidad de mano de obra para la extracción y limpieza del producto, especialmente en explotaciones de dimensiones reducidas en las que estas labores han sido realizadas siempre manualmente. Aparte de la dureza de las condiciones asociadas a este tipo de trabajos, la forma de recolección inherente ha supuesto además unos costes económicos importantes para el productor, lo que se traduce en una merma de los rendimientos y en una consiguiente disminución del interés por el cultivo del producto.It is known to everyone in general the fact that the collection of horticultural products of the type of onions, the potatoes and other buried products, has required throughout of time the use of an abundant amount of labor for the extraction and cleaning of the product, especially in small farms in which these tasks have They have always been done manually. Apart from the hardness of the conditions associated with this type of work, the form of inherent collection has also led to economic costs important for the producer, which translates into a decrease in yields and a consequent decrease in interest in Product cultivation.

Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se han desarrollado desde hace ya algunos años múltiples modelos de máquinas recolectoras, con diferentes capacidades para su adaptación a las diversas necesidades, mediante las que resulta posible extraer el producto enterrado, y tras una serie de operaciones, envasarlo en contenedores para su traslado hasta el lugar de almacenaje o consumo. Una realización de máquina de este tipo ha sido descrita, por ejemplo, en la Patente española núm. P-200203034, relativa a una máquina recolectora clasificadora y envasadora de cebollas, tubérculos, productos hortofrutícolas y otros frutos del suelo, cuya máquina ha sido implementada en forma autopropulsada, dotada de medios regulables en altura para arrancar el producto del suelo y entregarlo a medios de elevación, donde es sometido a la acción de peines de goma, y se lleva hasta la parte superior de la máquina donde se entrega a una cinta transportadora que lo desplaza longitudinalmente, haciéndolo pasar por rodillos que lo limpian en cuanto a residuos de tierra o similar, y lo entregan a una tolva situada en la parte trasera de la máquina, desde la que pueda caer hasta un medio de envasado y transporte, o en la que puede ser acumulado y mantenido mientras se realiza un cambio de recipiente contenedor u otro dispositivo de envasado. Los distintos órganos operativos disponen de medios de regulación tanto posicional como de capacidad de movimiento, lo que permite que puedan ser adaptados a las necesidades particulares de cada caso concreto.Given the above, they have developed several models of several years ago collection machines, with different capacities for their adaptation to the various needs, through which it results possible to extract the buried product, and after a series of operations, pack it in containers for transfer to the place of storage or consumption. A machine embodiment of this type has been described, for example, in Spanish Patent No. P-200203034, relating to a collection machine sorting and packing machine for onions, tubers, products horticultural and other fruits of the soil, whose machine has been self-propelled, equipped with adjustable means in height to start the product from the ground and deliver it to media lifting, where it is subjected to the action of rubber combs, and it leads to the top of the machine where it is delivered to a conveyor belt that moves it longitudinally, making it go through rollers that clean it in terms of soil waste or similar, and deliver it to a hopper located at the rear of the machine, from which it can fall to a packaging medium and transport, or where it can be accumulated and maintained while make a change of container container or other device packing. The different operating bodies have means of both positional and movement capacity regulation, which allows them to be adapted to the particular needs of Each specific case.

Como se comprenderá, una máquina del tipo de la que se acaba de describir brevemente, ha supuesto un avance muy importante desde el punto de vista productivo, ya que además de aligerar las labores de recolección ha permitido realizar un tratamiento completo del producto enterrado desde su extracción hasta su envasado final, en unas condiciones extraordinariamente favorables para el producto recolectado. Sin embargo, la incesante búsqueda de soluciones orientadas hacia un mejor acondicionamiento del producto con anterioridad a su envasado, ha permitido llegar a desarrollar una criba para cebollas o productos similares, dotada de unas características que la hacen especialmente idónea para su aplicación junto con las máquinas recolectoras del estado actual de la técnica.As will be understood, a machine of the type of which has just been briefly described, has meant a very breakthrough important from the productive point of view, since in addition to lighten the collection work has allowed a complete treatment of the product buried since its extraction until final packaging, under extraordinary conditions favorable for the product collected. However, the relentless search for solutions aimed at better conditioning of the product prior to packaging, has allowed to reach develop a sieve for onions or similar products, endowed of characteristics that make it especially suitable for its application together with the collection machines of the current state of The technique.

A tal efecto, la criba propuesta por la presente invención ha sido concebida de manera que permite ser utilizada en la cadena productiva asociada a una máquina de recolección del tipo de la descrita en la mencionada Patente P-200203034, intercalada a continuación de los medios de extracción y elevación de producto hacia la máquina, y a tal efecto comprende un dispositivo de cribado, o criba propiamente dicha, sobre la que se depositan las cebollas entregadas desde los medios de elevación, donde se someten a una primera operación de limpieza de los elementos y residuos más pequeños a efectos de eliminación de las ramas y otros desperdicios que puedan ser arrastrados junto con el fruto. Este primer dispositivo de cribado, consiste en una cinta que se mueve en la dirección longitudinal de la máquina, compuesta por múltiples elementos transversales de soporte sucesivamente distanciados para dejar espacios de separación entre elementos sucesivos, sobre la que sitúa en dirección transversal, a una distancia del plano de la cinta regulable en altura, un medio de arrastre (espino) de las ramas y otros desperdicios que sean de un tamaño más grande, estando este medio de arrastre constituido por una banda desde la que se proyecta una multiplicidad de filamentos ortogonales sucesivamente equidistantes por una separación predeterminada, de modo que el movimiento de esta cinta arrastra las ramas y otros desperdicios hacia un lateral de la máquina, desde son recogidos y desechados. El movimiento de la cinta de cribado desplaza los productos en la dirección longitudinal de la máquina, para depositarlos a continuación sobre una banda de transporte, dotada a ambos lados de medios de regulación en altura, desde la que dichos productos caen hacia un hueco para ser sometidos a la acción de una corriente de aire impulsada desde una turbina de manera que la corriente de aire generada se proyecta con una inclinación predeterminada a efectos de cambiar la trayectoria de las cebollas u otro producto respecto a las piedras o cascotes, dejando que estos últimos caigan al vacío merced a la separación existente con la siguiente banda o cinta receptora del producto, en la que dicho producto es recibido ya limpio de impurezas y residuos para su posterior entrega a la tolva, y siendo además dicha corriente de aire la encargada de orientar los tallos y rabos de los productos, u otros vegetales, hacia la posición ocupada por un grupo de ventiladores cortadores superpuestos a la banda de envío hacia la tolva, estando los ventiladores cortadores protegidos inferiormente por medio de rejillas por el exterior de los medios de corte (por ejemplo, cuchillas de corte), dejando estas rejillas que los tallos o rabos de los productos pasen a su través para ser sometidos a la acción de dichos medios de corte, siendo los tallos y rabos impulsados desde los propios ventiladores, y permitiendo que los productos, ya sin tallos, sean trasladados por la propia banda de transporte hasta la posición ocupada por la tolva, en la que son depositados, y desde la que pueden ser transferidos a los envases adecuados para su almacenamiento o transporte. De esta manera, los productos son envasados correctamente, libres de tallos y rabos, de forma rápida y rentable.To this end, the screen proposed hereby invention has been conceived in a way that allows it to be used in the production chain associated with a type collection machine of that described in the aforementioned Patent P-200203034, interspersed after the means of extraction and lifting of product towards the machine, and to such effect comprises a screening device, or proper screening said, on which the onions delivered from the lifting means, where they undergo a first operation of cleaning of the smallest elements and waste for the purpose of elimination of branches and other waste that may be dragged along with the fruit. This first screening device, it consists of a belt that moves in the longitudinal direction of the machine, composed of multiple transverse elements of successively spaced support to leave spaces of separation between successive elements, on which it places in transverse direction, at a distance from the plane of the belt adjustable in height, a means of drag (hawthorn) of the branches and other waste of a larger size, this being drag means constituted by a band from which projects a multiplicity of orthogonal filaments successively equidistant by a predetermined separation, so that the movement of this tape drags the branches and other waste towards the side of the machine, since they are collected and discarded. The movement of the screening belt moves the products in the longitudinal direction of the machine, to deposit them to continuation on a transport band, equipped on both sides of height adjustment means, from which said products fall towards a hole to be subjected to the action of a current of air driven from a turbine so that the air flow generated is projected with a predetermined inclination for purposes of changing the trajectory of onions or other product with respect to the stones or rubble, letting the latter fall to the vacuum thanks to the existing separation with the following band or product receiving tape, in which said product is received already clean of impurities and waste for later delivery to the hopper, and said air stream being also in charge of orient the stems and tails of the products, or other vegetables, towards the position occupied by a group of cutting fans superimposed on the shipping belt towards the hopper, being the cutter fans protected inferiorly by means of grilles on the outside of the cutting means (for example, cutting blades), leaving these grilles that stems or tails of the products pass through to be subjected to the action of said cutting means, the stems and tails being driven from the fans themselves, and allowing the products, already without stems, be transported by the transport band itself to the position occupied by the hopper, in which they are deposited, and from which they can be transferred to the appropriate containers for storage or transport. In this way, the products They are packaged correctly, free of stems and tails, so Fast and profitable.

Debe tenerse presente que el término "cebollas" según se utiliza en presente descripción, no ha de ser entendido como limitativo y exclusivo de este fruto, sino que abarca cualquier otra clase de productos hortícolas y hortofrutícolas para los que puede resultar útil emplear una máquina como la descrita en los procesos de recolección y acondicionamiento previos al envasado de los mismos.It should be borne in mind that the term "onions" as used in this description, should not be understood as limiting and exclusive of this fruit, but covers any other kind of horticultural products and horticultural for which it may be useful to use a machine as described in the collection processes and conditioning prior to packaging them.

Brief description of the drawings

Estas y otras características y ventajas de la invención se pondrán más claramente de manifiesto a partir de la descripción detallada que sigue de un ejemplo de realización preferida de la misma, dado únicamente a título ilustrativo y no limitativo, con referencia a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los que:These and other features and advantages of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the Detailed description that follows from an exemplary embodiment preferred thereof, given for illustrative purposes only and not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the that:

La Figura 1 es una vista esquemática de una criba para cebollas concebida y desarrollada de acuerdo con los principios de la presente invención.Figure 1 is a schematic view of a sieve for onions conceived and developed according to principles of the present invention.

Description of a preferred embodiment

Tal y como se ha mencionado en lo que antecede, la descripción detallada de la criba propuesta por la invención va a ser llevada a cabo en lo que sigue con la ayuda de la Figura única de los dibujos, en la que se hace uso de referencias numéricas para señalar los diversos componentes que la integran. Así, atendiendo a dicha Figura única de los dibujos, se puede apreciar una representación plana, esquematizada, de un dispositivo de criba para cebollas y otros productos de acuerdo con la invención, asociado a otros elementos de los que incorpora una máquina recolectora como la mencionada anteriormente, a saber, una primera cinta 1 mediante la que se realiza la elevación de las cebollas una vez desenterradas del suelo con los medios apropiados (no representados), para ser depositadas sobre un primer medio de cribado 2 constituido a modo de cinta sin fin, animada con un movimiento en la dirección longitudinal y en el sentido señalado por la flecha F, estando este medio de cribado compuesto por una multiplicidad de elementos transversales 3 de soporte, extendidos entre un par cadenas laterales que engranan en piñones 4 de guiado, de los que al menos uno de ellos es motriz y recibe movimiento desde un órgano motor asociado (no representado), por ejemplo un motor hidráulico, neumático o de otro tipo. Los elementos 3 de soporte son paralelos entre sí, y están sucesivamente equiespaciados con el fin de dejar aberturas de paso para una primer operación de cribado de residuos (por ejemplo, las piedrecitas o la tierra arrastrada junto con el producto), mientras que situado por encima del plano superior de este primer dispositivo 2 de cribado, se encuentra un medio 5 de arrastre (espino), concebido a modo de banda sin fin, extendido según la dirección transversal, y situada a una distancia en altura regulable con respecto a dicho medio 2 de cribado. La banda 5 presenta una multiplicidad de filamentos 6 ortogonales, preferentemente de un material algo flexible, proyectados desde su superficie en posiciones suficientemente separadas como dejar pasar los frutos entre filamentos sucesivos cuando son desplazados por el dispositivo 2 de cribado, pero de tal manera que, por ajuste de la distancia con el medio 2 de cribado, los filamentos 6 están capacitados para arrastrar transversalmente, es decir, hacia uno predeterminado de los laterales de la criba, las ramas y otros desperdicios vegetales, de tamaño más grande, que hayan podido ser arrastrados junto con el fruto. Estas ramas y otros desperdicios serán evacuados a continuación desde el lateral de la máquina al que sean arrastrados por los filamentos 6 del dispositivo 5 de arrastre, para su desecho definitivo.As mentioned above, the detailed description of the screen proposed by the invention goes to be carried out in what follows with the help of Figure unique of the drawings, in which references are used numeric to indicate the various components that integrate it. Thus, according to said unique Figure of the drawings, it is possible to appreciate a flat, schematic representation of a device sieve for onions and other products according to the invention, associated with other elements of which it incorporates a collecting machine as mentioned above, namely a first belt 1 by which the elevation of the onions once unearthed from the ground with appropriate means (not represented), to be deposited on a first means of screening 2 constituted as an endless tape, animated with a movement in the longitudinal direction and in the direction indicated by arrow F, this screening means being composed of a multiplicity of transverse support elements 3, extended between a pair of side chains that engage in guide sprockets 4, of which at least one of them is motive and receives movement from an associated motor organ (not shown), for example a hydraulic, pneumatic or other engine. The elements 3 of support are parallel to each other, and are successively equispaced in order to leave passage openings for a first waste screening operation (for example, pebbles or the earth dragged along with the product), while which located above the upper plane of this first screening device 2, a dragging means 5 is found (hawthorn), conceived as an endless band, extended according to the transverse direction, and located at a distance in height adjustable with respect to said screening means 2. Band 5 it presents a multiplicity of orthogonal filaments 6, preferably of a somewhat flexible material, projected from its surface in positions sufficiently separated as to pass the fruits between successive filaments when they are displaced by the screening device 2, but in such a way that, by adjusting the distance with the screening medium 2, the filaments 6 are trained to drag across, that is, towards one default of the sides of the sieve, the branches and others plant waste, larger in size, that may have been dragged along with the fruit. These branches and other waste They will then be evacuated from the side of the machine to the that are dragged by the filaments 6 of the device 5 of drag, for final disposal.

A continuación del medio 2 de cribado según el sentido de avance de las cebollas, el dispositivo de criba de la invención incorpora una banda sin fin 7, destinada a recibir las cebollas u otros frutos procedentes del medio 2 de cribado, tras la eliminación de las ramas u otros desperdicios que pudieran acompañarlas. La banda 7 sin fin es de velocidad variable, y regulable en altura, a cuyo efecto incluye un elemento 8 de regulación situado a cada lado, provisto de una manilla 9 respectiva, de accionamiento manual, al alcance del operador para un posicionamiento ajustado a la altura correcta elegida para dicha banda. Un turbina 10, situada lateralmente respecto a la mencionada banda 7, se encarga impulsar una corriente de aire dirigida con una inclinación predeterminada hacia una banda 13 a través de un hueco de separación con la cinta 7 que le precede, estando esta banda 13 situada por debajo de un grupo de ventiladores-cortadores identificado con la referencia 11 y compuesto por un número variable de unidades 12 de ventiladores cortadores. La corriente aire impulsada por la turbina 10 hacia el mencionado hueco, ayuda a la transferencia de las cebollas hacia la mencionada banda 13, a la vez que orienta los tallos de las cebollas u otros frutos en la dirección correcta hacia los ventiladores- cortadores 12 del grupo 11, mientras que, simultáneamente, permite que las piedras 17 u otros residuos más pesados (piedras, cascotes, etc.) caigan hacia abajo a través del mencionado hueco de separación; los tallos, al ser orientados de la manera mencionada, se introducen en el grupo 11 a través de las rejillas protectoras, donde son cortados por los ventiladores-cortadoras 12, siendo además expulsados por la acción de la propia corriente de aire impulsada desde la turbina 10. El dispositivo incluye adicionalmente una cinta transportadora 16 situada a continuación de la banda 13 mencionada, la cual es de longitud variable y se extiende hasta una posición en la que su extremo de salida se sitúa por encima de una tolva 14, de manera que los productos recogidos desde la banda 13 pueden ser depositados directamente en el interior de dicha tolva, desde la que estos productos son transferido al interior de contenedores 15 posicionados por debajo de la tolva 14 y soportados por una cinta transportadora 18 que una vez llenos, los transporta hacia su extremo de salida para que puedan ser recogidos a efectos de transporte o almacenaje.Following screening medium 2 according to sense of advance of the onions, the screening device of the invention incorporates an endless band 7, intended to receive the onions or other fruits from the screening medium 2, after removal of branches or other waste that could accompany them. The endless band 7 is variable speed, and height adjustable, for which purpose it includes an element 8 of regulation located on each side, provided with a handle 9 respective, manually operated, within reach of the operator to a positioning adjusted to the correct height chosen for said band. A turbine 10, located laterally with respect to the aforementioned band 7, is responsible for driving a directed air stream with a predetermined inclination towards a band 13 through a gap with the tape 7 that precedes it, being this band 13 located below a group of fans-cutters identified with the reference 11 and composed of a variable number of units 12 of cut fans. The turbine driven air stream 10 towards the aforementioned gap, helps transfer the onions to the aforementioned band 13, while guiding the stalks of onions or other fruits in the right direction towards the fans-cutters 12 of group 11, while, simultaneously, it allows the stones 17 or other waste more heavy (stones, rubble, etc.) fall down through the mentioned gap gap; the stems, being oriented of the mentioned way, they are introduced in group 11 through the protective grilles, where they are cut by 12 fan-cutters, also being ejected by the action of the air flow itself from the turbine 10. The device additionally includes a conveyor belt 16 located next to the belt 13 mentioned, which is of variable length and extends to a position in which its exit end is located above a hopper 14, so that the products collected from the band 13 they can be deposited directly inside said hopper, from which these products are transferred into containers 15 positioned below hopper 14 and supported by a conveyor belt 18 that once filled, transports them towards its exit end so they can be picked up for the purpose of transport or storage.

Como se comprenderá, con un dispositivo de criba como el preconizado por la invención y descrito en lo que antecede, se mejora sustancialmente el acondicionamiento de las cebollas u otros productos hortícolas similares recolectados por la máquina en la que se incorpora dicha criba, sin necesidad de operaciones manuales, y con un considerable incremento de los rendimientos productivos y una consiguiente rebaja de los costes.As will be understood, with a screening device as recommended by the invention and described in what above, the conditioning of the onions or other similar horticultural products collected by the machine in which said sieve is incorporated, without the need for manual operations, and with a considerable increase in productive yields and a consequent reduction of costs

No se considera necesario hacer más extenso el contenido de la presente descripción para que un experto en la materia pueda comprender su alcance y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan, así como llevar a cabo la realización práctica de su objeto.It is not considered necessary to make the content of the present description so that an expert in the matter can understand its scope and the advantages of it are derived, as well as carrying out the practical realization of their object.

No obstante lo anterior, y puesto que la descripción realizada corresponde únicamente con un ejemplo de realización preferida, se comprenderá que dentro de su esencialidad podrán introducir múltiples modificaciones y variaciones de detalle, asimismo comprendidas dentro del alcance de la invención, y que en particular podrán afectar a características tales como la forma, el tamaño o los materiales de fabricación, o cualesquiera otras que no alteren la invención según ha sido descrita y según se define en las reivindicaciones que siguen.Notwithstanding the foregoing, and since the description given corresponds only to an example of preferred embodiment, it will be understood that within its essentiality may introduce multiple modifications and variations of detail, also included within the scope of the invention, and that in particular may affect features such as shape, size or manufacturing materials, or any others that do not alter the invention as described and as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. Screen for onions, in general a screen designed for the screening of buried or horticultural products of another type as they are collected with the elimination of the waste of earth, stones, rubble branches or others that normally accompany the collected products, whose screen has It has been designed for incorporation into a collection machine of the type that includes means for the extraction of the buried product, a first front belt (1) for lifting and raising the products unearthed towards the first screening device (2) to through which the waste of land or other small waste is eliminated, the device being suitable for the delivery of the screened products to a receiving hopper (14) located at the rear of the machine and from which they can be transferred the products, then to a container (15) of any type, located below the hopper and supported by a conveyor belt (18) so that once the successive containers (15) are filled, they are transported by said belt (18) to the outlet end for subsequent transport to the place of storage or consumption, characterized in that the device comprises:

said first means (2) of screening, which is structured as an endless belt that moves according to the longitudinal direction of the machine, and that is constituted by a multiplicity of transverse elements (3) successively parallel and separated from each other by a predetermined distance, subject at both ends to chains associated with pinion groups (4) lateral, of which at least one of said pinions is motor and receives movement from a hydraulic type motor organ, tire, or other suitable;

a transverse drag means, positioned above the plane of said first means (2) of screening a default height adjustable with respect to the surface of the latter, constituted as an endless band (5), and endowed with a multiplicity of filaments (6) that are projected orthogonally from its surface, successively separated by a distance default and by which branches or residues are dragged similar to one side of the machine, where they are collected for subsequent disposal;

an endless band (7), positioned at continuation of the first means (2) of screening, which receives the products since the latter after experiencing said first screening, animated with a variable speed movement, and liable to be positioned in height by means of two devices (8) regulators, one on each side, and each of them equipped with a respective hand-operated handle (9);

an endless band (13), positioned at continuation of the previous band (7) and at a distance default to leave a gap between the two preset;

a turbine (10) generating a current of air oriented towards the aforementioned gap between both bands without consecutive end (7, 13) with a predetermined inclination, through which adequate guidance is provided to fruit stems (C) while helping them in their passage through the cited gap between bands while allowing the stones or heavier rubble (17) may fall down the hole;

a cutting group (11), consisting of several fans-cutters (12) than the part bottom facing the fruits (C), are protected, each of them, by a closing grid that protects a blade respective associated to each fan-cutter, which it moves along with it, and it makes the cutting of the stems of the fruits (C) oriented towards fans-cutters (12) by current of air generated by the turbine (10), as they pass in the direction of longitudinal drag of the device, and whose air flow It is also responsible for dragging the cut stems out of the device, and

a tape (16) of variable length, which receives by one of its ends the fruits already screened from the aforementioned band (13), and that delivers them to the opposite end of the mentioned collection hopper (14).