ES1056809U - Deodorizing anti-sweat axillary butterfly pad - Google Patents

Deodorizing anti-sweat axillary butterfly pad

Info

Publication number
ES1056809U
ES1056809U ES200400362U ES200400362U ES1056809U ES 1056809 U ES1056809 U ES 1056809U ES 200400362 U ES200400362 U ES 200400362U ES 200400362 U ES200400362 U ES 200400362U ES 1056809 U ES1056809 U ES 1056809U
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
butterfly
layer
axillary
come
deodorant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
ES200400362U
Other languages
Spanish (es)
Other versions
ES1056809Y (en
Inventor
Antonio Panadero Muñoz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to ES200400362U priority Critical patent/ES1056809Y/en
Publication of ES1056809U publication Critical patent/ES1056809U/en
Priority to PCT/ES2005/000078 priority patent/WO2005079612A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES1056809Y publication Critical patent/ES1056809Y/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/12Shields or protectors
    • A41D27/13Under-arm shields

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

Deodorant anti-hydrosus axillary butterfly, which being specially designed to be a complement to an article of clothing, such as a shirt, T-shirt or similar, attachable to the latter at the level of the armpit, to absorb the sweat produced by the It is characterized by being made up of a flattened and laminated body in which three layers are established, an unidirectional filtering outer layer, the one destined to come into contact with the skin, an absorbent cellulose intermediate layer and an impermeable, anti-layer -moisture, the one intended to come into contact with clothing, this stratified body incorporating an asymmetric and transverse folding line, which defines two wings that are also asymmetrical, one of them intended to adapt and attach to the body and the other to the sleeve of the garment in question. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Mariposa axilar anti-hidrosis desodorante.Axillary butterfly anti-hydrosis deodorant.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a un artículo higiénico, destinado a absorber el sudor de la axila manteniéndola siempre seca, evitando que el sudor pase a la ropa del usuario y desprendiendo además una suave fragancia desodorante o perfume. Por tanto cumple a la vez ambas funciones, desodorante y anti-hidrosis.The present invention relates to an article hygienic, intended to absorb underarm sweat by keeping it always dry, preventing sweat from passing to the user's clothes and also giving off a mild fragrance deodorant or perfume. By both fulfills both functions, deodorant and anti-hydrosis

Con una configuración a modo de mariposa de alas asimétricas permite mantener durante todo el día la ropa seca, limpia y perfumada, obviamente a nivel de las axilas.With a butterfly-like configuration Asymmetrical allows you to keep dry clothes all day long, clean and scented, obviously at the armpit level.

Así pues, el objeto de la invención es conseguir una especie de compresa de protección para la axila, acoplable y fijable a la prenda de vestir, como por ejemplo a una camisa, camiseta, blusa, etc, en la zona de confluencia entre el cuerpo y la correspondiente manga de la misma.Thus, the object of the invention is to achieve a kind of protection pad for the armpit, attachable and fixed to the garment, such as a shirt, T-shirt, blouse, etc., in the confluence zone between the body and the corresponding sleeve of it.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

Los problemas de sudoración a nivel de las axilas, están totalmente generalizados, es decir que, con mayor o menor intensidad, afectan a la inmensa mayoría, prácticamente a la totalidad de las personas.Sweating problems at the level of armpits, are fully generalized, that is, with greater or lower intensity, affect the vast majority, practically the totality of people

Este sudor axilar constituye un caldo de cultivo excelente para la proliferación de determinadas bacterias que producen un fuerte olor corporal, también con mayor o menor intensidad también de unas a otras personas.This axillary sweat constitutes a breeding ground excellent for the proliferation of certain bacteria that produce a strong body odor, also with greater or lesser intensity also of one another.

Tratando de obviar este problema son conocidos diferentes tipos de desodorantes que, incorporados a la axila, evitan la proliferación de tales bacterias y los problemas de olor que derivan de las mismas.Trying to ignore this problem are known different types of deodorants that, incorporated into the armpit, prevent the proliferation of such bacteria and odor problems that derive from them.

Sin embargo la producción de sudor es inevitable, pasando éste a la ropa, donde aparecen grandes manchas, que repercuten en una mala imagen del individuo, que resultan indeseables y cuya única forma de eliminarlas es sustituyendo la ropa mojada por otra limpia y seca, lo que indudablemente en muchas ocasiones no resulta posible en la práctica, por encontrarse fuera de casa o por otras causas.However sweat production is inevitable, passing this one to the clothes, where big spots appear, that impact on a bad image of the individual, which result undesirable and whose only way to eliminate them is to replace the wet clothes for another clean and dry, which undoubtedly in many Sometimes it is not possible in practice, to be outside from home or for other reasons.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

La mariposa axilar que la invención propone resuelve de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta, protegiendo perfectamente la ropa, manteniéndola limpia, seca y perfumada.The axillary butterfly that the invention proposes solves the problem fully satisfactorily previously exposed, perfectly protecting the clothes, keeping it clean, dry and perfumed.

Para ello y de forma más concreta la citada mariposa, con alas asimétricas como anteriormente se ha dicho, está estructurada a base de tres capas fundamentales, una capa exterior filtrante unidireccional, la destinada a entrar en contacto con la piel y a dejar pasar el sudor de la axila hacia la capa intermedia, la cual es de celulosa absorbente, evitando el carácter unidireccional de la primera capa, como sucede en las compresas convencionales o en los pañales, que la humedad vuelva a salir a través de la misma.For this and in a more concrete way, the aforementioned butterfly, with asymmetric wings as previously stated, is structured based on three fundamental layers, an outer layer unidirectional filter, the one destined to come into contact with the skin and to let sweat from the armpit to the intermediate layer, which is absorbent cellulose, avoiding the character unidirectional of the first layer, as in the compresses Conventional or in diapers, let the moisture come back to through it.

La tercera capa es de naturaleza impermeable, y es la encargada de impedir que la humedad y el sudor traspasen hacia la ropa.The third layer is waterproof in nature, and is responsible for preventing moisture and sweat from penetrating Towards the clothes.

El cuerpo multicapa así estructurado está dotado de una línea de plegado intermedia, en posición asimétrica, que determina dos alas destinadas a adaptarse respectivamente al cuerpo y a la manga de la camisa o prenda de vestir de que se trate, contando a tal efecto junto a sus bordes libres con tiras adhesivas, provistas de cola de contacto inicialmente protegida con una lámina de papel siliconado o similar, desprendible en el momento de su fijación.The multilayer body thus structured is endowed of an intermediate folding line, in an asymmetrical position, which determines two wings intended to adapt respectively to the body and to the sleeve of the shirt or garment in question, counting to this end next to its free edges with strips adhesives, provided with contact glue initially protected with a sheet of silicone paper or similar, removable in the time of fixation.

Finalmente y como complemento de la estructura descrita, en esta misma cara de la mariposa, la de adaptación de la ropa y ocupando las áreas que dejan libre las citadas tiras adhesivas, se sitúa un revestimiento o cuarta capa impregnada con fragancia desodorante, para mejorar sus condiciones higiénicas y dar sensación de frescura.Finally and as a complement to the structure described, in this same face of the butterfly, the adaptation of the clothing and occupying the areas that leave the aforementioned strips free adhesive, a coating or fourth layer impregnated with deodorant fragrance, to improve your hygienic conditions and Give a feeling of freshness.

Al objeto de evitar que se produzca la evaporación de la fragancia desodorante con anterioridad a la utilización de la mariposa, se ha previsto que ésta se comercialice en envases herméticamente cerrados, que pueden contener una única mariposa, o bien dos de ellas, para las respectivas axilas del usuario.In order to prevent the occurrence of evaporation of the deodorant fragrance prior to use of the butterfly, it is expected that it will be marketed in tightly sealed containers, which may contain a single butterfly, or two of them, for the respective armpits of the user.

Descripción de los dibujosDescription of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings where with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:

La figura 1.- Muestra una vista en planta de una mariposa axilar desodorante realizada de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención, por su cara interior, es decir la destinada a entrar en contacto con la ropa y a fijarse en la misma.Figure 1.- Shows a plan view of a axillary butterfly deodorant performed according to the purpose of the present invention, by its inner face, that is the intended to come into contact with the clothes and look at it.

La figura 2.- Muestra un detalle en sección transversal del conjunto representado en la figura anterior, según la línea de corte A-B de dicha figura.Figure 2.- Shows a detail in section cross section of the assembly represented in the previous figure, according to the cutting line A-B of said figure.

La figura 3.- Muestra, finalmente, un detalle de la mariposa de las figuras anteriores, en situación de uso.Figure 3.- Shows, finally, a detail of the butterfly of the previous figures, in use situation.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred Embodiment of the Invention

A la vista de las figuras reseñadas puede observarse cómo la mariposa axilar desodorante que la invención propone presenta un cuerpo aplanado, estratificado, es decir multicapa, en el que participa una capa exterior (1), que actúa como elemento filtrante unidireccional, y que es la que está destinada a entrar en contacto con la piel del usuario y a dejar pasar el sudor generado por la axila hacia el plano medio de la mariposa, donde se sitúa una capa intermedia (2), a base de celulosa absorbente, que es la que realmente retiene el sudor. Al otro lado de la capa intermedia (2) se sitúa una capa impermeable (3), anti-humedad, que es la que evita que el sudor traspase hasta la ropa (4).In view of the figures outlined you can observe how the axillary butterfly deodorant that the invention proposes presents a flattened, stratified body, that is multilayer, in which an outer layer (1) participates, which acts as a unidirectional filter element, and that is what is intended to come into contact with the user's skin and leave pass the sweat generated by the armpit towards the middle plane of the butterfly, where an intermediate layer (2) is located, based on absorbent cellulose, which is what really retains sweat. To the on the other side of the intermediate layer (2) an impermeable layer is placed (3), anti-humidity, which is what prevents sweat transfer to clothing (4).

En este cuerpo estratificado se define una línea de pliegue transversal (5), determinante de dos alas asimétricas, de configuración tendente al trapecio isósceles, estando esta línea de plegado (5) rematada por sus extremos en profundas escotaduras o cortes (6) que facilitan dicho plegado para una adaptación de la mariposa en su conjunto al diedro configurado por el cuerpo y la manga de la camisa, camiseta o prenda de vestir (4) de que se trate, tal como muestra la figura 3.In this stratified body a line is defined of transverse fold (5), determinant of two asymmetric wings, configuration tending to the isosceles trapezoid, this line being folding (5) topped by its ends in deep recesses or cuts (6) that facilitate said folding for an adaptation of the butterfly as a whole to the dihedral configured by the body and the sleeve of the shirt, shirt or garment (4) of which treat, as shown in figure 3.

En el caso de prendas sin mangas (vestidos, bodys, tops,....etc.), se recorta la mariposa por la línea del pliegue antes de colocarla, usando solo el ala inferior de la mariposa.In the case of sleeveless garments (dresses, bodys, tops, etc.), the butterfly is cut along the line of the fold before placing, using only the lower wing of the butterfly.

En esta posición de trabajo la mariposa se fija a la ropa (4) con la colaboración de tiras adhesivas (7) situadas en correspondencia con los bordes libres de cada una de sus alas, como se observa especialmente en la figura 1, tiras a base de cola de contacto de características apropiadas para su fijación a elementos textiles, que inicialmente están protegidas mediante una lámina de papel siliconado (8) o similar, eliminable en el momento de utilización de la mariposa.In this working position the butterfly is fixed to clothing (4) in collaboration with adhesive strips (7) located in correspondence with the free edges of each of its wings, such as it is especially observed in figure 1, tail-based strips of contact of appropriate characteristics for fixing to elements textiles, which are initially protected by a sheet of silicone paper (8) or similar, removable at the time of use of the butterfly.

Obviamente estas tiras adhesivas (7) se sitúan sobre la capa impermeable (3), y el amplio sector interno de dicha capa que dejan libres las tiras (7) queda ocupado por una cuarta capa (9) impregnada con fragancia desodorante, para suministrar a su vez este efecto desodorante a la mariposa en su conjunto.Obviously these adhesive strips (7) are placed on the impermeable layer (3), and the wide internal sector of said layer left free of the strips (7) is occupied by a fourth layer (9) impregnated with deodorant fragrance, to supply Turn this deodorant effect to the butterfly as a whole.

De acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la invención, la citada mariposa presentará una amplitud del orden de 9 cm a nivel de su línea de plegado, una amplitud de 4,5 cm para su ala más corta, la destinada a adaptarse a la manga y a la prenda de vestir (4), y una amplitud del orden de 6,5 cm para su ala más larga, la que a su vez está destinada a adherirse al cuerpo de la citada prenda de vestir.According to a preferred example of practical embodiment of the invention, said butterfly will present an amplitude of the order of 9 cm at the level of its folding line, a amplitude of 4.5 cm for its shorter wing, the one designed to adapt to the sleeve and the garment (4), and an amplitude of the order of 6.5 cm for its longest wing, which in turn is intended for adhere to the body of the aforementioned garment.

Aunque la mariposa axilar está concebida y estructurada para cumplir perfectamente su función durante todo un día, resulta fácilmente sustituible por otra a lo largo del mismo, cuando por cualquier motivo sea necesario, absorbiendo absolutamente todo el sudor generado en la axila del usuario y manteniendo a ésta perfectamente seca, es decir actuando como un verdadero artículo ''anti-hidrosis'', inexistente hasta el momento en el mercado.Although the axillary butterfly is conceived and structured to perfectly fulfill its function during a whole day, it is easily replaceable by another along it, when for any reason necessary, absorbing absolutely all the sweat generated in the user's armpit and keeping it perfectly dry, that is, acting as a true article '' anti-hydrosis '', nonexistent So far in the market.

Claims (3)

1. Mariposa axilar anti-hidrosis desodorante, que estando especialmente concebida para constituir un complemento de una prenda de vestir, como por ejemplo una camisa, camiseta o similar, fijable a esta última a nivel de la axila, para absorber el sudor producido por la misma, se caracteriza por estar constituido mediante un cuerpo aplanado y estratificado en el que se establecen tres capas, una capa exterior filtrante unidireccional, la destinada a entrar en contacto con la piel, una capa intermedia de celulosa absorbente y una capa interior impermeable, anti-humedad, la destinada a entrar en contacto con la ropa, incorporando este cuerpo estratificado una línea de plegado transversal y asimétrica, que define dos alas asimismo asimétricas, una de ellas destinada a adaptarse y fijarse al cuerpo y la otra a la manga de la prenda de vestir de que se trate.1. Deodorant anti-hydrosis axillary butterfly, which is specially designed to be a complement to a garment, such as a shirt, shirt or similar, attachable to the latter at the level of the armpit, to absorb the sweat produced by the It is characterized by being constituted by a flattened and stratified body in which three layers are established, a unidirectional outer filtering layer, the one destined to come into contact with the skin, an intermediate layer of absorbent cellulose and an impervious inner layer, anti - Humidity, the one destined to come into contact with the clothes, incorporating this stratified body a line of transverse and asymmetric folding, which defines two equally asymmetrical wings, one of them destined to adapt and fix to the body and the other to the sleeve of the garment in question. 2. Mariposa axilar anti-hidrosis desodorante, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizada porque la capa impermeable anti-humedad, la destinada a entrar en contacto con la ropa, incorpora en correspondencia con el borde libre de cada una de sus dos alas sendas tiras adhesivas de fijación a la ropa, inicialmente asistidas por una lámina protectora a base de papel siliconado o similar.2. Deodorant anti-hydrosis axillary butterfly, according to claim 1, characterized in that the impermeable anti-moisture layer, the one intended to come into contact with the clothing, incorporates in correspondence with the free edge of each of its two wings both adhesive strips of clothing fastening, initially assisted by a protective sheet based on silicone paper or similar. 3. Mariposa axilar anti-hidrosis desodorante, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada porque sobre el área de la capa impermeable que dejan libres las citadas tiras adhesivas se establece una cuarta capa impregnada con fragancia desodorante o perfume.3. Deodorant anti-hydrosis axillary butterfly, according to previous claims, characterized in that a fourth layer impregnated with fragrance deodorant or perfume is established on the area of the impermeable layer that the said adhesive strips leave free.
ES200400362U 2004-02-18 2004-02-18 AXILAR BUTTERFLY ANTI-HYDROSIS DEODORANT. Expired - Fee Related ES1056809Y (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200400362U ES1056809Y (en) 2004-02-18 2004-02-18 AXILAR BUTTERFLY ANTI-HYDROSIS DEODORANT.
PCT/ES2005/000078 WO2005079612A1 (en) 2004-02-18 2005-02-17 Deodorizing anti-sweat axillary butterfly pad

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200400362U ES1056809Y (en) 2004-02-18 2004-02-18 AXILAR BUTTERFLY ANTI-HYDROSIS DEODORANT.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES1056809U true ES1056809U (en) 2004-05-16
ES1056809Y ES1056809Y (en) 2005-03-01

Family

ID=32319848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES200400362U Expired - Fee Related ES1056809Y (en) 2004-02-18 2004-02-18 AXILAR BUTTERFLY ANTI-HYDROSIS DEODORANT.

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES1056809Y (en)
WO (1) WO2005079612A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2822798A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-04 Hinarejos Redondo Begona Absorbs underarm sweat (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2022236132A1 (en) * 2021-05-07 2022-11-10 Soko Grace Armpit liner

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2446117A (en) * 2007-02-03 2008-08-06 Pamela Greenidge An underarm protection pad
ES2387545B1 (en) * 2010-08-06 2013-08-02 Albert Suñer Borrat ABSORBENT SHOP OF SUDOR DE LAS AXILAS.
US11504260B2 (en) 2018-10-04 2022-11-22 Lipocosm, Llc Rigidifying brace
US11540894B2 (en) 2018-10-04 2023-01-03 Lipocosm, Llc Rigiditying brace
US12121077B2 (en) 2018-10-04 2024-10-22 Lipocosm, Llc Brassiere with rigidifying cups
US11547155B2 (en) 2020-12-07 2023-01-10 Lipocosm, Llc External vacuum expander with non-adhesive rim
US12042458B2 (en) 2020-12-07 2024-07-23 Lipocosm, Llc External vacuum tissue expander with slidable rim

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3588916A (en) * 1969-03-10 1971-06-29 Linda R Glatt Underarm shield
ZA889548B (en) * 1987-12-23 1989-10-25 Kimberly Clark Co Disposable clothing shield and method of manufacture
ES2165457T3 (en) * 1996-10-29 2002-03-16 Procter & Gamble BREATHABLE COMPRESSES WITH ODOR CONTROL.
ES1042656Y (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-02-01 Ruiz Lucia Pena SWEAT ABSORBING DEVICE.
ES1046414Y (en) * 2000-06-07 2001-06-01 Gimenez Catalina Frau BODY AND CLOTHING PROTECTOR.
FR2838305A1 (en) * 2002-04-10 2003-10-17 Carole Boyer Disposable dress preserver, to be attached to the garment fabric at the armpits, has a large oval center zone flanked by sections to lie at the arms and chest, with gussets around the center for ease of movement

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2822798A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-04 Hinarejos Redondo Begona Absorbs underarm sweat (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2022236132A1 (en) * 2021-05-07 2022-11-10 Soko Grace Armpit liner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005079612A1 (en) 2005-09-01
ES1056809Y (en) 2005-03-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4545080A (en) Disposable underarm perspiration pad
ES2230013T3 (en) BRAGA PROTECTOR WITH WINGS FOR TANGA.
ES2347101T3 (en) ELEMENT OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A VELCRO CLOSURE, ESPECIALLY FOR A CLOTH CLOSURE.
ES1056809U (en) Deodorizing anti-sweat axillary butterfly pad
US3346878A (en) Disposable garment shield
ES2364105A1 (en) Reusable compress
US2495863A (en) Waterproof shield for men's undergarments
JP3101819U (en) Disposable armpit sweat sheet
ES1068779U (en) Protector with absorbent fabrics or fibers and with adhesive fixation for the elimination of the sweat generated by the axilles (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US20170128282A1 (en) Transpiration leak protection element
WO2004105527A1 (en) Sanitary armpit pad
ES1071884U (en) ABSORBENT PATCH.
ES2304873B1 (en) SET OF SUPERPOSED SHEETS BETWEEN, FOR THE SWEAT ABSORPTION AND CARE OF CLOTHING.
FR2838305A1 (en) Disposable dress preserver, to be attached to the garment fabric at the armpits, has a large oval center zone flanked by sections to lie at the arms and chest, with gussets around the center for ease of movement
KR200357973Y1 (en) Disposable bandages with the medicine applied
KR100674382B1 (en) Sweat Pads Attached to Clothing
ES1076705U (en) Absorbing sweating assembly (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2387545B1 (en) ABSORBENT SHOP OF SUDOR DE LAS AXILAS.
DE102007046374A1 (en) Exchangeable dress shield e.g. for preventing clothes from sweat stains, discolouring and odour build up, has substrate which absorbs moisture and is skin-friendly
ES2822798A1 (en) Absorbs underarm sweat (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2765818T3 (en) Disposable textile fabric, and disposable textile product using the same
ES1073570U (en) Protective device for axila and indumentative of the person (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
FR2788670A1 (en) Holder for pad attached to brassiere to absorb underarm perspiration comprises pocket on panel of material joined to brassiere by adhesive, stitching or Velcro
BRMU8903115U2 (en) disposable underarm hygienic body towel
JP3203909U (en) Sweat and moisture absorber between toes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FG1K Utility model granted
FD1K Utility model lapsed

Effective date: 20130912