ES1056341U

ES1056341U - Formwork plate. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1056341U
Application number: ES200302847U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Benito Conde Gómez
Original assignee: ENCOFRADOS INTERNACIONALES TER; Encofrados Internacionales Terminados Sl
Current assignee: ENCOFRADOS INTERNACIONALES TER; Encofrados Internacionales Terminados Sl
Priority date: 2003-12-11
Filing date: 2003-12-11
Publication date: 2004-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2013-12-11
Also published as: ES1056341Y

Abstract

Formwork plate, of the type intended to be established on a reticular structure based on suitably propped supports and of which, with a rectangular contour, are intended to be interconnected coplanarly to define a flat formwork surface, characterized in that it is constituted from a piece of plastic material, which forms a kind of inverted cup, stiffened by lower ribs and especially by a pair of longitudinal metal profiles, associated with its larger edges, so that said plate offers a strong and light weight structure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Placa de encofrado.Formwork plate

Object of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a una placa de encofrado de las comúnmente utilizadas en la conformación de encofrados planos para forjados que, en combinación con otras placas iguales, configura una superficie plana, de dimensiones variables, formal y dimensionalmente coincidentes con la planta del forjado a obtener.The present invention relates to a formwork plate of the commonly used in shaping flat formwork for forged which, in combination with other equal plates, configures a flat surface, of variable dimensions, formal and dimensionally coinciding with the floor plan to get.

El objeto de la invención es conseguir una placa de encofrado de considerable resistencia mecánica y reducido peso, fácilmente manejable, que ofrece unas óptimas prestaciones funcionales que, con un carácter recuperable o reutilizable, asegura una larga vida útil.The object of the invention is to achieve a formwork plate of considerable mechanical strength and reduced weight, easily manageable, which offers optimal functional features that, With a recoverable or reusable character, it ensures a long life Useful.

Background of the invention

Como es sabido, para la conformación de un encofrado plano se utilizan placas rectangulares que se interacoplan coplanariamente y que son sustentadas mediante una serie de sopandas de apoyo, sobre las que apoyan los extremos de las citadas placas, sopandas que a su vez descansan sobre porta-sopandas, perpendiculares a las anteriores, descansando tanto unas como otras sobre puntales con posibilidad de regulación en altura.As is known, for the conformation of a flat formwork, they use rectangular plates that are coplanarly inter-coupled and which are supported by a series of support soups, about those that support the ends of the mentioned plates, sopandas that to in turn they rest on sopan holders, perpendicular to the anterior, resting both on and on struts with possibility of height adjustment.

Convencionalmente las citadas placas de encofrado eran de madera, lo que suponía una problemática con una doble vertiente, por un lado el material constitutivo de las mismas se veía negativamente afectado por los efectos de la humedad, de manera que la vida útil de las mismas era bastante limitada, y por otro lado presentaban problemas tanto de adherencia al forjado a obtener, en el momento del desencofrado, como irregularidades superficiales en la cara inferior de dicho forjado.Conventionally the mentioned formwork plates were made of wood, what supposed a problematic with a double slope, by a side the constituent material of them looked negatively affected by the effects of moisture, so that the shelf life of them was quite limited, and on the other hand they presented problems of adhesion to the slab to obtain, at the time of formwork, such as superficial irregularities on the face lower of said forged.

Para resolver este problema se ha evolucionado hacia las placas de encofrado metálicas, que configuran una especie de bandeja invertida, con un marco perimetral y costillas de rigidización inferiores para evitar problemas de pandeo, pero estas placas resultan pesadas y difíciles de manipular, tanto durante su almacenaje y transporte como durante su instalación.To solve this problem it has evolved towards the plates metal formwork, which configure a kind of tray inverted, with a perimeter frame and stiffening ribs lower to avoid buckling problems, but these plates they are heavy and difficult to handle, both during storage and transport as during installation.

Por otro lado, durante las operaciones de desmontaje este considerable peso de las placas y su difícil manipulación, supone un riesgo constante de que las placas puedan desprenderse y caer al suelo, con riesgos tanto de posibles accidentes como de daño para las citadas placas por el considerable impacto sufrido en la caída.On the other hand, during disassembly operations this considerable weight of the plates and their difficult manipulation, supposes a constant risk that the plates may break off and fall into soil, with risks of both possible accidents and damage to the aforementioned plates for the considerable impact suffered in the drop.

Description of the invention

La placa de encofrado que la invención propone resuelve de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta en los diferentes aspectos comentados.The formwork plate that the invention proposes solves in a way the problem described above in fully satisfactory The different aspects commented.

Para ello, de forma más concreta y de acuerdo con una de las características de la invención, la citada placa está constituida mediante una pieza de material plástico, preferentemente proveniente de reciclado, para minimizar su costo y reducir el impacto negativo medioambiental, reforzado con fibra de vidrio para conseguir una mayor resistencia mecánica, con la particularidad además de que los bordes longitudinales de la citada pieza de plástico están rigidizados mediante respectivos perfiles metálicos, concretamente perfiles de configuración en ``C'' de embocadura estrangulada.To do this, more specifically and in accordance with one of the characteristics of the invention, said plate is constituted by a piece of plastic material, preferably from recycling, to minimize its cost and reduce the negative environmental impact, reinforced with fiberglass for achieve greater mechanical resistance, with the particularity in addition to the longitudinal edges of said piece of plastic are stiffened by respective metal profiles, specifically configuration profiles in `` C '' of mouthpiece strangled

De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención dichos perfiles metálicos de sección en ``C'', que se acoplan a la placa propiamente dicha con su concavidad orientada hacia esta última, forman parte del molde de inyección para la obtención de la pieza plástica, de manera que el material penetra en el interior de la acanaladura definida por los propios perfiles, resultando éstos prácticamente monopieza con el material plástico, sin necesidad de ningún medio de fijación adicional.In accordance with another feature of the invention said metal profiles of section in `` C '', which are coupled to the plate itself with its concavity oriented towards this last, they are part of the injection mold to obtain the plastic piece, so that the material penetrates inside the groove defined by the profiles themselves, resulting practically one piece with the plastic material, without needing No additional fixing means.

De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención en dos vértices próximos de la placa, integrados en el propio proceso de inyección, quedan una pareja de enganches materializados en sendas piezas metálicas, con orificios interiores para alojamiento de la materia plástica y fijación de los ganchos, los cuales están previstos para acoplarse en las alas laterales de las correspondientes sopandas, de manera que al desenganchar la placa de la sopanda del otro extremo, ésta bascula a través de los citados ganchos quedando suspendida y evitando el riesgo de caída accidental al suelo.According to another feature of the invention in two near vertices of the plate, integrated in the process itself injection, there are a couple of hooks materialized in two metal parts, with internal holes for accommodation of the plastic material and fixing of the hooks, which are provided to fit on the side wings of the corresponding sopandas, so that when unhooking the plate of the sopanda of the other end, this one scales through the mentioned ones hooks being suspended and avoiding the risk of falling accidental to the ground.

Finalmente y de acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención, se ha previsto que la placa incorpore en su cara superior u operativa pequeños relieves constitutivos de una superficie anti-deslizante, para evitar posibles resbalones de los trabajadores.Finally and according to another of the characteristics of the invention, it is provided that the plate incorporates in its upper face or operational small reliefs constituting a surface anti-slip, to avoid possible slips of the workers.

Description of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and with in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment practice thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings where illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:

La figura 1.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de una placa de encofrado realizada de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención, por su cara superior u operativa.Figure 1.- Shows a perspective view of a plate of formwork made in accordance with the purpose of this invention, by its upper or operative face.

La figura 2.- Muestra otra vista en perspectiva de la misma placa, ahora por su cara inferior.Figure 2.- Shows another perspective view of it. plate, now on its underside.

La figura 3.- Muestra un detalle en despiece y perspectiva de uno de los perfiles metálicos de rigidización de la placa y de su correspondiente pieza metálica en funciones de gancho.Figure 3.- Shows an exploded detail and perspective of one of the metal stiffening profiles of the plate and its corresponding metal part in hook functions.

La figura 4.- Muestra, finalmente, un detalle en perfil de una sopanda de enganche a la que aparecen acopladas, en contraposición, dos placas de encofrado, una en posición de trabajo y otra en posición de suspensión vertical.Figure 4.- Shows, finally, a detail in profile of a coupling socket to which they appear coupled, in contrast, two formwork plates, one in working position and one in vertical suspension position.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

A la vista de las figuras reseñadas puede observarse como la placa de encofrado que la invención propone está constituida a partir del clásico cuerpo prismático-rectangular y aplanado (1), pero con la especial particularidad de que dicho cuerpo está obtenido a base de material plástico rigidizado con fibra de vidrio, configurando una especie de cazoleta invertida, rigidizada mediante una serie de costillas inferiores (2), longitudinales y transversales y rigidizada especialmente mediante dos perfiles metálicos (3), longitudinales y laterales, que adoptan una sección en ``C'' como se observa especialmente en la figura 3, de manera que se adaptan al cuerpo plástico (1) por la cara correspondiente a su embocadura estrangulada (4), definiendo un borde superior (3) coplanario con la propia pieza plástica (1) y una cara externa perfectamente plana y continua.In view of the figures outlined, it can be seen as the formwork plate that the invention proposes is constituted to from the classic prismatic-rectangular and flattened body (1), but with the special feature that said body is obtained based on stiffened plastic material with fiber glass, configuring a kind of inverted, stiffened bowl by a series of lower ribs (2), longitudinal and transversal and stiffened especially by two profiles metal (3), longitudinal and lateral, which adopt a section in `` C '' as seen especially in figure 3, so that adapt to the plastic body (1) by the face corresponding to its strangulated mouth (4), defining an upper edge (3) coplanar with the plastic part itself (1) and an external face perfectly flat and continuous.

Cada uno de estos perfiles metálicos (3) recibe, por uno de sus extremos y por enchufamiento, a una pieza metálica (5), con una proyección acodada inferior (6) a modo de gancho, que queda enrasada con el lado menor y correspondiente (7) de la pieza plástica (1), como se observa en cualquiera de las figuras 1 y 2, contando además esta pieza metálica (5) con una escotadura u orificio (8) en su extremidad interna, destinado a inundarse de material plástico en la fase de moldeo de la pieza (1), en la que, como anteriormente se ha dicho, tanto los perfiles metálicos (3) como sus complementarias piezas metálicas (5) se introducen en el interior del molde, quedando los perfiles (3) inundados de material plástico y, consecuentemente, perfectamente fijados a la pieza plástica (1), al igual que las piezas (5), al actuar el material plástico como nexo de unión entre tales elementos.Each of these metal profiles (3) receives, by one of its ends and by plugging, to a metal part (5), with a bottom layered projection (6) as a hook, which remains flush with the minor and corresponding side (7) of the piece plastic (1), as seen in any of figures 1 and 2, also counting this metal part (5) with a recess or hole (8) in its inner limb, intended to be flooded with plastic material in the molding phase of the part (1), in which, As previously stated, both the metal profiles (3) as its complementary metal parts (5) are introduced in the inside the mold, leaving the profiles (3) flooded with material plastic and, consequently, perfectly fixed to the piece plastic (1), like the pieces (5), when the material acts plastic as a link between such elements.

La naturaleza plástica del cuerpo (1), que afecta mayoritariamente a la placa, hace que el peso de la misma resulte muy reducido y su vida útil considerablemente prolongada, mientras que los ganchos (6) permiten el apoyo de las placas sobre las sopandas de enganche (9), tal como muestra la parte derecha de la figura 4, y durante la maniobra de desacoplamiento de las placas permite que éstas basculen a través de dichos ganchos (6) adoptando la posición vertical mostrada en la parte izquierda de dicha figura 4, en la que quedan suspendidas, evitando su caída al suelo y permitiendo un fácil desacoplamiento de dicha sopanda (9), ya desde el suelo.The plastic nature of the body (1), which affects mostly to the plate, it makes the weight of it very reduced and its useful life considerably prolonged, while that the hooks (6) allow the support of the plates on the hitch sockets (9), as shown on the right side of the Figure 4, and during the plate decoupling maneuver allows these to swing through said hooks (6) adopting the vertical position shown on the left side of said figure 4, in which they are suspended, preventing their fall to the ground and allowing an easy decoupling of said sopanda (9), already from soil.

Sólo resta señalar por último que la placa incorpora en su cara superior u operativa una pluralidad de pequeños nervios (10), que en el ejemplo de realización elegido adoptan una configuración circular, pero que pueden adoptar cualquiera otra sin que ello afecte a la esencia de la invención, y que actúan como medio antideslizante para la superficie de trabajo del encofrado, por ejemplo durante las maniobras de implantación sobre el mismo de las bovedillas que van a formar parte del forjado y de las estructuras metálicas que a su vez van a formar las vigas o elementos resistentes del mismo.It only remains to point out finally that the plate incorporates in its face superior or operative a plurality of small nerves (10), which in the chosen embodiment example adopt a configuration circular, but they can adopt any other without it affect the essence of the invention, and they act as a means non-slip for the work surface of the formwork, by example during the implementation maneuvers on it of the vaults that will be part of the slab and structures metallic which in turn will form the beams or elements resistant of it.

Claims

1. Formwork plate, of the type intended to be established on a reticular structure based on suitably propped up sockets and of which, with a rectangular contour, are intended to be coplanarly intercoupled to define a flat formwork surface, characterized in that it is constituted from a piece of plastic material, which configures a kind of inverted bowl, stiffened by lower ribs and especially by a pair of longitudinal metal profiles, associated with its larger edges, so that said plate offers a light weight and resistant structure .

2. Formwork plate according to claim 1, characterized in that said longitudinal metal profiles are of `` C '' section and in the phase of injection of the plastic material constituting the majority of the plate are flooded with said material remaining solidly fixed in the context of said plate.

3. Formwork plate according to previous claims, characterized in that the plastic material constituting the majority body thereof is reinforced with fiberglass.

4. Formwork plate, according to previous claims, characterized in that each metal profile receives at one of its ends a complementary metal part, with a lower extension in the form of a hook, for its coupling to the side wing of the coupling sockets that support the plates.

5. Formwork plate according to claim 4, characterized in that said hook-shaped metal parts incorporate at its inner end a wide recess or hole that is also filled with the plastic material constituting the base body of the plate.

6. Formwork plate according to previous claims, characterized in that the upper face of the base body of a plastic nature incorporates a plurality of small ribs that give its surface a non-slip character.