EP4658926A1 - Betätigungsanordnung für ein getriebe - Google Patents
Betätigungsanordnung für ein getriebeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4658926A1 EP4658926A1 EP24702523.2A EP24702523A EP4658926A1 EP 4658926 A1 EP4658926 A1 EP 4658926A1 EP 24702523 A EP24702523 A EP 24702523A EP 4658926 A1 EP4658926 A1 EP 4658926A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuating arrangement
- pawl
- transmission
- shift
- actuating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/40—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/08—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/16—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism the final output mechanisms being successively actuated by progressive movement of the final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/18—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism the final output mechanisms being successively actuated by progressive movement of the final actuating mechanism the final actuating mechanism comprising cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3408—Locking or disabling mechanisms the locking mechanism being moved by the final actuating mechanism
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an actuating arrangement for a transmission.
- the invention also relates to a vehicle.
- Many transmissions are shifted using shift drums.
- By rotating the shift drum different shift elements are switched centrally, for example, to provide a desired gear.
- different rotating elements of planetary gear sets of the transmission are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the rotary movement can release an engagement of a pawl with a shift element part. Due to the applied drive torque, however, a high torque can result, which is supported on the engagement of the pawl.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to an actuating arrangement for a transmission.
- a transmission can be a device which transmits a drive torque from a drive to an output.
- the transmission can, for example, transmit the drive torque from an engine to a tire of a vehicle.
- the transmission can be designed to provide switchable, different gears for the torque transmission.
- the transmission can, for example, have respective spur gear stages and, alternatively or additionally, respective planetary gear sets.
- the transmission can, for example, be designed as a transmission of a bicycle.
- the transmission can accordingly be designed, for example, as a hub gear or bottom bracket gear.
- a gear can, for example, be a fixed ZF Friedrichshafen AG File 215274 Friedrichshafen 2023-01-31 Provide a ratio between an input and an output of the transmission.
- the actuating arrangement has a shift drum.
- the shift drum can be a component whose actuation causes a gear change of the transmission.
- the shift drum can be rotated to actuate different shifting elements.
- the shift drum can, for example, centrally shift the gears of the transmission in series with a single actuation.
- the actuating arrangement has a pivotably mounted pawl.
- the pawl can, for example, be pivotally mounted on a housing of the transmission, for example by means of a bolt.
- the actuating arrangement can also have several pawls, which can be mounted together on the bolt or separately.
- the shift drum is designed to press the pawl out of engagement with a shift element part by rotation in order to actuate a shift element of the transmission. This allows a gear change to take place. In certain positions of the shift drum, the pawl can come into engagement with the shift element part.
- the pawl can be pre-tensioned with a spring in the direction of the shift element part, for example.
- the shift drum can be designed to press a pawl out of engagement with a shift element part by rotation, depending on the gear, in order to actuate the shift element of the transmission.
- Gear-dependent can also refer to a current gear, a gear change or even a gear that is engaged.
- a shift element of the transmission can, for example, connect two elements of the transmission, such as rotating elements of a planetary gear set or shafts of a spur gear stage, to one another in a rotationally fixed manner. For example, by actuating a shift element, the shift element can be adjusted between an open and closed state. In the open state, the shift element cannot transmit any torque, for example.
- the shift element can, for example, transmit torque.
- a shift element can, for example, be designed as a positive or frictional clutch.
- a shifting element can function as a brake, by means of which a movable part of the transmission can be fixed.
- the shifting element part can, for example, be designed as one half of a clutch of the shifting element.
- the shifting element part can, for example, rotate at least in certain gears of the transmission when a drive torque is applied.
- the shifting element part can, for example, be supported on the pawl at least in certain gears and thus be prevented from rotating.
- the pawl can be designed as a movable part which is pivoted by the action of the shift drum.
- one end of the pawl can be in contact with the shift drum.
- Another end of the pawl can be designed to engage with the shifting element part.
- the pawl can engage with an external toothing of the shifting element part in one gear, from which the pawl can be pressed by the shift drum to change to another gear.
- the switching element part has, for example, a toothing on its outer circumference for engagement with the pawl.
- the switching element part can be designed, for example, as a brake ring.
- the switching drum has, for example, a roller body.
- the roller body can, for example, be made of a metallic material.
- the roller body can, for example, have a cylindrical basic shape.
- the switching drum can have respective actuating areas for pressing the pawl out of engagement with the switching element part.
- An actuating area can, for example, protrude from an area of the roller body that is adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- An actuating area can, for example, be formed by one side of a cam of the roller body.
- the actuating arrangement has at least one means for reducing the frictional force when the switching element is actuated.
- the means can relate to a structural design of the actuating arrangement.
- the means can be a mechanical design of the actuating arrangement.
- a frictional force can be caused by a relative movement of two parts of the actuating arrangement during the rotation of the shift drum or a gear change or actuation of the switching element and can counteract an actuating force.
- a slipping of the shift drum at the end of the pawl facing the shift drum can cause such a counteracting frictional force.
- This frictional force can be reduced by the means for reducing the frictional force compared to actuating arrangements without such a means.
- an actuating force and also an actuating torque for actuating the switching element can be particularly low.
- the means for reducing the friction force can be a measure for reducing the coefficient of friction between two parts of the actuating arrangement that are movable relative to one another.
- the shift drum can be designed to actuate several pawls.
- the pawls can be arranged axially next to one another.
- an axial region of the shift drums with actuation regions assigned to the corresponding pawl can be provided for each pawl.
- the transmission can have two shift elements, each with an associated pawl.
- the pawls can thus be brought out of engagement with an associated shift element part by the shift drum depending on the gear.
- the means for reducing the friction force is at least one bearing of a movable part of the actuating arrangement by means of a rolling bearing. This movable part can be mounted on a stationary or other movable part of the actuating arrangement using the rolling bearing.
- Movable parts of the actuating arrangement can be, for example, the pawl, the shift drum and the bolt.
- ZF Friedrichshafen AG File 215274 Friedrichshafen 2023-01-31 Immobile parts of the actuating arrangement can be, for example, the housing and the bolt.
- a rolling bearing is particularly suitable as a means of reducing frictional force, since actuating speeds can be low or the moving parts move at low speed. The friction in rolling bearings is relatively independent of speed compared to plain bearings. In addition, a rolling bearing has low friction even at low relative speeds.
- a rolling bearing can have an inner ring, an outer ring and rolling elements located between them, which roll when the outer ring and inner ring move relative to each other.
- the rolling elements can be designed as balls or cylinders.
- the rolling bearing can be designed, for example, as a single-row or double-row ball bearing.
- the rolling bearing can be designed, for example, as a cylindrical roller bearing or needle bearing.
- a cage can be provided for the rolling elements.
- the actuating arrangement can have several rolling bearings as a means of reducing frictional force.
- the shift drum is mounted by means of a roller bearing as a means of reducing frictional force. This can directly reduce an actuating torque for rotating the shift drum for all gears and angular positions.
- the shift drum can be rotatably mounted on the housing of the transmission by means of the roller bearing.
- the housing can be part of the actuating arrangement.
- the housing can, for example, have a cover and a housing body and form an interior.
- the actuating arrangement and respective switching elements can be accommodated in the interior of the housing.
- the shift drum can, for example, be mounted with a roller bearing at each axial end.
- the pawl is mounted by means of a roller bearing as a means of reducing frictional force. This can make a moment for rotating the pawl particularly small. This can also make a spring for pre-tensioning the pawl in the direction of the switching element part particularly small.
- the pawl can be rotatably mounted on the bolt by means of the roller bearing.
- the bolt can be attached to ZF Friedrichshafen AG File 215274 Friedrichshafen 2023-01-31 be fixed to the housing or be rotatably mounted.
- the bolt can be part of the actuating arrangement.
- the rolling bearing can be attached directly to the pawl, for example with an inner ring or outer ring of the rolling bearing.
- the pawl is mounted on a bolt and the bolt is rotatably mounted by means of a rolling bearing as a means of reducing frictional force.
- the bolt can be rotatably mounted on the housing by means of the rolling bearing.
- the pawl can, for example, be rotatably mounted on the bolt.
- the bolt can be part of the actuating arrangement.
- the pawl is rotatably mounted on the bolt. This can reduce actuation forces even further.
- several pawls can be attached to the bolt and can be pivoted independently of one another. For example, at most one of this plurality of pawls is connected to the bolt in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the other pawls can be rotatably mounted on the bolt by means of a rolling bearing, as already described.
- the pawl is mounted on the bolt in a rotationally fixed manner.
- one pawl can be mounted on the bolt in a rotationally fixed manner and one pawl can be rotatably mounted.
- the pawl can be connected to the pawl in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a press fit or by means of a locking pin.
- the rotationally fixed mounting can result in a cost-effective and simple design with only one pawl that is mounted on a single bolt.
- the pawl has a rotatable roller as a means of reducing frictional force. The rotating roller can roll on an actuating area of the shift drum for pressing the pawl out of engagement with the shift element part, for example when the shift drum is rotated.
- Pawl can be particularly small, which means that actuation torques can also be particularly low.
- the roller can, for example, be arranged at an end region of the pawl which faces the shift drum. An opposite region of the pawl can form the engagement region of the pawl with the shift element part.
- the roller can be arranged in contact with the shift drum, for example with the outer peripheral surface of the roller body.
- the roller can, for example, be supported by a rolling bearing. This can reduce friction and thus the actuation force even further.
- the roller can also be formed by the rolling bearing. For example, an outer ring of the rolling bearing forming the roller then rolls on the shift drum.
- the means for reducing frictional force is at least one friction surface material pairing between two surfaces of a first part and a second part of the actuating arrangement that are at least partially in contact with one another during the actuation of the switching element and are movable relative to one another.
- a friction surface material pairing can correspond to the material of a first surface and a second surface, wherein the surfaces can slide against one another causing a frictional force.
- the first surface can be a surface of the first part and the second surface a surface of the second part.
- the means can accordingly relate to the choice of material for these surfaces.
- the surface can be formed, for example, by a coating on the part.
- the surface can be formed, for example, by a material of the part from which its body is formed. In addition to its selection, this material can also be changed by a surface treatment as a means for reducing frictional force, for example surface hardening.
- a pair of surfaces that are in contact with one another during the actuation of the switching element and are movable relative to one another can be formed, for example, by the shift drum as the first part and the pawl as the second part.
- a pair of surfaces that are in contact with one another during the actuation of the switching element and that are movable relative to one another can be formed, for example, by the switching drum as the first part and the housing as the second part. ...
- a pair of surfaces that are in contact with the switching element and can move relative to one another can be formed, for example, by the housing as the first part and the pawl as the second part.
- a pair of surfaces that are in contact with one another during actuation of the switching element and can move relative to one another can be formed, for example, by the bolt as the first part and the pawl as the second part.
- a pair of surfaces that are in contact with one another during actuation of the switching element and can move relative to one another can be formed, for example, by the bolt as the first part and the housing as the second part.
- the corresponding material pairings can be selected to minimize frictional force and treated alternatively or in addition.
- a steel material with an aluminum material can be provided as the friction material pairing.
- an aluminum material can be hard anodized to minimize friction.
- a hard-anodized aluminum shift drum has an advantage in terms of friction compared to a non-anodized aluminum shift drum if there is sliding friction contact between the shift drum and the pawl.
- the friction surface material pairing corresponds to a material of the first part and a material of the second part of the actuating arrangement, whereby no drive force transmitted by the transmission is introduced into at least the first part during operation of the transmission.
- the first part is thus subjected to low loads, so that a softer material can be selected for it, for example, than for a second part, into which a drive force transmitted by the transmission is introduced during operation of the transmission.
- the drive force can, for example, correspond to a torque transmitted by the engine. For example, only a small force is supported on the shift drum.
- the switching element part and the pawl can be subjected to the drive force when the pawl is inserted into engagement with the switching element part. Accordingly, such a part should not be made of a soft material.
- a material forming the first part may be a different material than the material forming the second part.
- one of the two parts has a base material and a surface material for the friction surface material pairing.
- the surface material can form at least a first of the surfaces that come into contact and are movable relative to one another during actuation of the switching element.
- the surface material thus specifies the coefficient of friction.
- the base material on the other hand, can be irrelevant for the coefficient of friction when sliding against one another.
- the surface material can have a lower coefficient of friction with a second of the surfaces that come into contact and are movable relative to one another during actuation of the switching element. This can make the friction particularly low.
- an outer surface of the part of the actuating arrangement can be formed by the surface material and a remaining outer surface by the base material.
- the remaining outer surface can, for example, not come into contact with other surfaces that are movable relative to it when the respective switching elements are actuated.
- the shift drum is the part with the base material and the surface material.
- the surface material can, for example, form a contact surface of the shift drum with the pawl and alternatively or additionally with the housing.
- a torque for rotating the shift drum can be particularly small.
- the shift drum can have a base material and a surface material. The surface material and the base material are different from one another.
- the surface material can form at least one actuating area. Compared to the base material, the surface material can have a lower coefficient of friction with a material of the pawl that contacts the shift drum. As a result, an actuating force for disengaging the pawl can be reduced due to reduced friction between the pawl and the shift drum.
- the surface material can differ from the base material, for example, in terms of a material, a crystal structure and alternatively or additionally a doping.
- the surface material can be ZF Friedrichshafen AG File 215274 Friedrichshafen 2023-01-31 a coating or by a surface treatment of the base material.
- a cost-effective, lightweight and alternatively or additionally robust material can be selected as the base material, regardless of its friction with the pawl, without resulting in an increased actuation force.
- a partial area of the surface of the shift drum is formed by the base material.
- an end face of the shift drum can be formed by the base material.
- an area of the surface of the roller body such as an area of the peripheral surface which does not form an actuation area, can also be formed by the base material.
- coating material can be saved or surface treatment can be limited to small areas.
- the actuation arrangement it is provided that the actuation arrangement has a housing of the transmission.
- the housing can, for example, correspond to the housing described above.
- the housing can, for example, be a cast component or steel component.
- the housing can be the part with the base material and the surface material.
- the surface material can, for example, form a bearing for the bolt and alternatively or additionally the shift drum.
- the actuating arrangement it is provided that the actuating arrangement has the switching element part.
- the actuating arrangement can also have the entire switching element.
- the actuating arrangement can also have the transmission.
- the transmission and the switching element can also be different components to the actuating arrangement.
- the switching element can be part of the transmission.
- a second aspect relates to a vehicle with a transmission which has the actuating arrangement according to the first aspect.
- a shifting element of the transmission can be actuated by means of the actuating arrangement.
- the vehicle can be designed as a bicycle, for example as an e-bike, pedelec, velomobile, cargo bike or the like.
- the transmission can be designed as a bicycle transmission.
- the transmission can be designed as a hub gear or bottom bracket gear. The shifting element can thus be actuated with very little force. This makes it easier to use.
- Fig.1 schematically illustrates an actuating arrangement for a transmission with a shift drum.
- Fig.1 illustrates an actuating arrangement for a bicycle transmission.
- the actuating arrangement has a shift drum 10 with a drum body, a pawl 14 and a shift element part 16 designed as a brake ring.
- the pawl 14 is pivotably mounted on a bolt 18 and pre-tensioned by a spring element 20 to engage with the shift element part 16.
- An end region 22 of the pawl 14 facing away from the shift drum 10 engages in a toothing of the shift element part 16 when the shift drum 10 does not push the pawl 14 away from the shift element part 16 and thus out of engagement.
- This actuation of the pawl 14 takes place depending on the gear by rotating the shift drum 10 about its longitudinal axis, which corresponds to a central axis of the drum body and extends into the image plane.
- the drum body has four cam-like elevations 28 on its outer peripheral surface.
- An end region 24 opposite the end region 22 and facing the shift drum 10 slides on the outer peripheral surface when the shift drum 10 rotates.
- the actuating arrangement provides several means for reducing the frictional force when the switching element is actuated by rotating the shift drum 10.
- the shift drum 10 is rotatably mounted on a housing of the transmission by means of a rolling bearing (not shown).
- the end region 24 of the pawl 14 is formed by an additional roller 52 which, in the example shown, is designed as a rolling bearing and is mounted on a pin of the pawl 14.
- the pawl 14 rolls along the outer peripheral surface of the roller body of the shift drum 10 with the roller 52.
- an outer ring of the rolling bearing forming the roller 52 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the roller body of the shift drum 10.
- the pawl 14 is mounted on the bolt 18 by means of a rolling bearing.
- the bolt 18 is mounted on the housing of the transmission by means of a rolling bearing.
- the aluminum shift drum 10 is hard anodized in the area in which the roller 52 rolls on its rolling elements.
- the shift drum is made of steel.
- the outer ring of the roller 52 is made of steel.
- the shift drum 10 forms a first surface as a first part of the actuating arrangement.
- the outer ring of the roller 52 of the pawl 14 forms a second surface as a second part of the actuating arrangement.
- no roller 52 is provided. Instead, the end region 24 of the pawl 13 is in direct sliding friction contact with the shift drum 10.
- the hard anodizing of the shift drum 10 made of aluminum results in a particularly greatly reduced friction between the shift drum 10 and the pawl 14 compared to a shift drum 10 without such hard anodizing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023200743.6A DE102023200743B3 (de) | 2023-01-31 | 2023-01-31 | Betätigungsanordnung für ein Getriebe und Fahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2024/052015 WO2024160701A1 (de) | 2023-01-31 | 2024-01-29 | Betätigungsanordnung für ein getriebe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4658926A1 true EP4658926A1 (de) | 2025-12-10 |
Family
ID=89768415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24702523.2A Pending EP4658926A1 (de) | 2023-01-31 | 2024-01-29 | Betätigungsanordnung für ein getriebe |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260226981A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4658926A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023200743B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024160701A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5184942B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-04-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 多段変速機 |
| DE102014105313A1 (de) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-10-15 | Pinion Gmbh | Schaltvorrichtung und Schaltklinke für eine Schaltvorrichtung |
| DE102019220044B4 (de) | 2019-12-18 | 2021-11-11 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tretlagergetriebe mit einer Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Bremsschaltelements |
| DE102019220043B4 (de) | 2019-12-18 | 2021-08-26 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tretlagergetriebe mit einer Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Bremsschaltelements |
| DE102020211293A1 (de) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Parksperre für Fahrzeuge |
| DE102022201130B3 (de) * | 2022-02-03 | 2023-05-25 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Fahrradgetriebe-Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Schaltelementes eines Tretlagergetriebes, Tretlagergetriebe, sowie Fahrrad oder Pedelec |
| DE102022201482B3 (de) | 2022-02-14 | 2023-01-19 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tretlagergetriebe für ein Mikromobilitätsfahrzeug |
-
2023
- 2023-01-31 DE DE102023200743.6A patent/DE102023200743B3/de active Active
-
2024
- 2024-01-29 WO PCT/EP2024/052015 patent/WO2024160701A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-01-29 EP EP24702523.2A patent/EP4658926A1/de active Pending
- 2024-01-29 US US19/152,760 patent/US20260226981A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024160701A1 (de) | 2024-08-08 |
| US20260226981A1 (en) | 2026-08-06 |
| DE102023200743B3 (de) | 2024-06-20 |
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