EP4612420A1 - Hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper und verfahren zur herstellung hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper - Google Patents
Hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper und verfahren zur herstellung hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörperInfo
- Publication number
- EP4612420A1 EP4612420A1 EP24746634.5A EP24746634A EP4612420A1 EP 4612420 A1 EP4612420 A1 EP 4612420A1 EP 24746634 A EP24746634 A EP 24746634A EP 4612420 A1 EP4612420 A1 EP 4612420A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hard material
- brake body
- hard
- protection layer
- wear protection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
- F16D65/127—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by properties of the disc surface; Discs lined with friction material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/16—Composite materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0292—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with more than 5% preformed carbides, nitrides or borides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
- F16D2200/0069—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles being characterised by their size
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0078—Materials; Production methods therefor laminated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
- F16D2250/0046—Coating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0038—Surface treatment
- F16D2250/0053—Hardening
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
- F16D2250/0061—Joining
- F16D2250/0076—Welding, brazing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology and industrial plant technology and relates to a hard material-coated brake body, which can be, for example, a brake disc or brake drum.
- the hard material-coated brake body according to the invention can be used, for example, in a brake system of motor vehicles and rail vehicles, in a disc brake system on bicycles or in a brake system of industrial plants or wind turbines.
- Brake bodies have several functional areas. In motor vehicles, brake bodies are arranged on the front and rear axles and have a contact surface that is in contact with the rim or the wheel hub.
- Known brake discs are designed as solid non-ventilated or internally ventilated brake discs and can be made of a metallic or ceramic material.
- Conventional brake drums are designed as solid, sometimes also provided with cooling structures on the outside of the drum and made of a metallic material.
- the friction surfaces of the brake bodies have a coating that wears out with each braking process and which, in conjunction with the brake pads, achieves the braking effect.
- a sintered friction body in particular a brake pad for a brake body made of fiber-reinforced ceramic, which contains primary carbon and metal particles that are at least partially bonded to the primary or pyrolytically formed carbon.
- a brake disc and a method for its production are known, in which a brake disc body made of a cast iron material is provided with a metallic, non-ceramic coating at least in sections and at least on one of its axial outer surfaces.
- the existing oxide layer or other contaminants are removed from the contact surface and the contact surface is roughened by irradiation with fine particles in order to increase the adhesion of the wear protection layer.
- the wear protection layer is then applied using flame, arc or
- Plasma injection molding coating process sprayed onto the contact surface of the base body.
- WO 2012 156 114 A1 discloses a brake disk and a method for producing a brake disk, in which a base body has at least one contact surface to which a wear protection layer is applied, wherein at least one contact surface of the base body is pretreated to create a bond between the wear protection layer and the base body.
- the at least one pretreated contact surface of the base body has a surface topography modified by laser radiation with at least one predetermined parameter in order to improve the positive adhesion between the wear protection layer and the base body.
- a friction brake body for a friction brake of a motor vehicle in particular a brake disk, with a base body made in particular from gray cast iron and with at least one wear protection layer formed on a friction contact surface of the base body.
- the wear protection layer is made of ferritic-austenitic steel and has embedded hard material particles, in particular finely distributed hard material particles.
- a disadvantage of the brake bodies known from the state of the art is that the wear protection layer has a short service life and high production costs.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a brake body which has an improved service life at reduced manufacturing costs.
- the object according to the invention is achieved by a novel brake body and a new method for producing such brake bodies, which has an improved service life and with which such brake bodies can be produced cost-effectively and in a time-efficient manner.
- a hard material-coated brake body comprising a metallic base body which has at least one region designed as a friction surface, on which at least one wear protection layer is arranged by means of a thermal coating process, wherein the wear protection layer is formed at least from a metallic matrix material and hard material particle agglomerates at least partially embedded therein, which are materially bonded to the metallic matrix material, wherein the hard material particle agglomerates are formed from at least one hard material A, at least one hard material B and hard material mixed crystals of at least the hard material A and hard material B, wherein the hard material A is present in a larger volume proportion than the hard material B in the hard material particle agglomerate.
- the hard material particle agglomerates additionally comprise at least one metallic additional material and/or an alloying element.
- the hard material particle agglomerates can also advantageously have a spherical particle morphology.
- the hard material A and the hard material B are selected from the group of carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides.
- the carbide A is TiC
- the carbide B is selected from M02C, WC, Cr3C2, NbC and/or TaC.
- At least one bonding layer is provided as a buffer layer between the metallic base body and the wear protection layer.
- the metallic filler material, the bonding layer and/or the metallic matrix material is an Fe-base material, particularly advantageously a stainless steel material, whereby the stainless steel material particularly advantageously has the material quality of EN 1 .4016, EN 1 .4404 or EN 1 .4435.
- the carbide B is present at 1 vol.% to 30 vol.%, based on the total composition of the hard material particle agglomerates.
- 10% - 60% of the surface of the wear protection layer is made up of hard particle agglomerates.
- the hard material particle agglomerates are homogeneously distributed or graded embedded in the metallic matrix material.
- the hard material particle agglomerates have a thermal conductivity of ⁇ 120 W/mK.
- the hard material particle agglomerates have a diameter of 10 pm to 100 pm, particularly advantageously a diameter of 45 pm to 90 pm. It is also advantageous if the bonding layer has a layer height of ⁇ 100 pm.
- the wear protection layer has a layer height of 25 pm to 175 pm.
- the wear protection layer and/or the bonding layer has wear detection features.
- a method for producing a hard material-coated brake body is also provided, with the following method steps: a) providing a metallic base body which has at least one region designed as a friction surface, b) providing prefabricated hard material particle agglomerates which have at least one hard material A, at least one hard material B and hard material mixed crystals of the hard materials A and B, c) simultaneously arranging the hard material particle agglomerates and the metallic matrix material via at least two separate feed devices by means of a thermal coating process on at least the region designed as a friction surface, whereby a material-locking connection and wear protection layer is produced, d) machining the surface of the wear protection layer.
- hard material particle agglomerates are provided from at least one hard material A, at least one hard material B and hard material mixed crystals from at least the hard material A and hard material B, wherein the hard material A is present in a larger volume fraction than the hard material B in the hard material particle agglomerate.
- a bonding layer is arranged as a buffer layer between the area of the base body designed as a friction surface and the wear protection layer. It is also advantageous if the arrangement of the bonding layer and/or the wear protection layer is carried out under a locally generated protective gas atmosphere.
- the metallic base body is preheated before thermal coating.
- a particularly advantageous thermal coating process is laser cladding.
- the surface of the wear protection layer is machined by means of surface grinding.
- a brake body which comprises a metallic base body.
- the metallic base body has at least one region designed as a friction surface, on which at least one wear protection layer is arranged by means of a thermal coating process, which has hard material particle agglomerates.
- a hard material is to be understood as particles formed in such a way that at least one hard material A, at least one hard material B and mixed crystals formed from the hard materials A and B are present, wherein a metallic additional material or alloying elements can also be present.
- the hard material mixed crystals are formed in the edge area of the hard materials A and B.
- At least one bonding layer serves as a buffer layer between the metallic base body and the wear protection layer is arranged, for example to achieve improved adhesion and thus reduce the risk of delamination.
- the arrangement of at least one wear protection layer and possibly provided bonding layer is carried out by means of a thermal coating process, whereby laser deposition welding is advantageously used.
- the thermal coating process and advantageously laser deposition welding brings with it the technical advantage that very targeted and individually homogeneous or even graded layers can be arranged on the base body, which are permanently connected to one another by means of a material bond, whereby delamination of the layers with the base body is effectively prevented.
- the thermal input of the thermal coating process leads to a material bond between the layer and the substrate and, in particular in the case of laser deposition welding, has the significant advantage over thermal spraying that deformation of the hard material particle agglomerates according to the invention is effectively prevented.
- a further advantage of laser deposition welding is that the adapted intensity distribution of the laser spot virtually eliminates disadvantageous chemical and mechanical properties of the hard material particle agglomerates, such as carburization, hardening and reduction in the corrosion resistance of the wear protection layer, particularly with regard to an Fe-based matrix metal. This means that an improved degree of material utilization is achieved, which significantly reduces manufacturing costs.
- the wear protection layer is formed from at least one metallic matrix material and prefabricated hard particle agglomerates at least partially embedded therein.
- the prefabricated hard particle agglomerates were produced in a preceding process step by spray granulation and sintering, which advantageously produces a spherical particle morphology.
- the spherical particle morphology of the hard particle agglomerates has the significant advantage that a previously disadvantageous known irregular and sharp-edged particle morphology, rough irregular intact hard particles in the Wear protection layer with surface and defects can be almost completely prevented.
- the advantageous spherical particle morphology of the hard material particle agglomerates leads to an improved service life of both the brake body during use and of the tool during possible surface processing during production.
- the formation of a spherical particle morphology during final finishing of the wear protection layer results in improved dimensional stability with a reduced tendency for the hard material particle agglomerates to break, which prevents damage and/or breaking out of the hard material particle agglomerates from the wear protection layer and means that there is an increased proportion of intact hard material particle agglomerates in the tribological system.
- the hard material particles are formed as agglomerates that are made up of at least one hard material A, at least one hard material B and hard material mixed crystals of the hard materials A and B.
- the hard material particle agglomerate can advantageously contain a metallic additional material and/or alloying elements.
- the metallic additional material and/or the alloying elements can also be agglomerated in the hard material particle.
- hard particle agglomerates and solid solution carbides preferably with TiC as carbide A and M02C, WC, Cr3C2, NbC and/or TaC as carbide B, produces a very fine-grained structure with a homogeneous microstructure.
- Such hard particle agglomerates have a higher density than carbide A and a high level of hardness and fracture toughness. This results in a significantly improved service life of the wear protection layer and thermal resilience of the brake body.
- the high density of the hard material particle agglomerates reduces sedimentation and demixing, thus improving storage capacity as well as dosing and conveying capabilities during the thermal coating process.
- CrsC2 is present as carbide A, although in this case it is excluded that CrsC2 also forms carbide B or exists as mixed crystal carbide of carbide A and B.
- a particularly good material bond between an advantageously provided bonding layer and the metallic base body and the wear protection layer is achieved in that at least the metallic matrix material and/or the additional material is an Fe-base material, wherein the metallic matrix material is particularly advantageously a stainless steel material with the material quality of EN 1.4016, EN1.4404 or EN 1.4435.
- Particularly advantageous properties of the hard material particle agglomerates are advantageously achieved when the carbide B is present at 1 vol.% to 30 vol.%, based on the total composition of the hard material particle agglomerates.
- a long service life with reduced corrosion tendency of the brake body can be achieved by forming 10% - 60% of the surface of the wear protection layer from hard material particle agglomerates and/or the hard material particle agglomerates having a diameter of 10 pm to 100 pm, advantageously 45 pm to 90 pm.
- the hard material particle agglomerates can advantageously be homogeneously distributed or embedded in a graded manner in the metallic matrix material.
- a graded distribution of the hard material particles is to be understood as meaning that the gradation is realized within the layer thickness of the metallic matrix material and/or in the circumference of the friction surface of the brake body.
- Such a gradation has The main technical advantage is that the thermal balance within the brake body can be adjusted and set to suit the different thermal loads, meaning that the brake bodies can be individually configured for different applications.
- the hard material particle agglomerates embedded in the metallic matrix material advantageously have a thermal conductivity of ⁇ 120 W/mK.
- the bonding layer can advantageously have a layer height of ⁇ 100 pm.
- the wear protection layer can advantageously have a low layer height of 25 pm to 175 pm.
- the wear protection layer and/or the connection layer has wear detection features by means of which the wear limit of the brake body or the wear protection layer can be identified.
- a method for producing a hard material-coated brake body is also provided, which is characterized by the following method steps: a) providing a metallic base body which has at least one region designed as a friction surface, b) providing prefabricated hard material particle agglomerates which have at least one hard material A, at least one hard material B and hard material mixed crystals of the hard materials A and B, c) simultaneously arranging the hard material particle agglomerates and the metallic matrix material via at least two separate feed devices by means of a thermal coating process on at least the region designed as a friction surface, whereby a material-locking connection and wear protection layer is produced, d) machining the surface of the wear protection layer.
- the arrangement of a bonding layer on the metallic base body can be provided as a buffer layer. It can also advantageously be provided that the arrangement of the bonding layer and/or the wear protection layer takes place under a locally generated protective gas atmosphere, which is fed to the process in situ during coating, advantageously by laser deposition welding, via a gas feed line coupled to the at least one feed device.
- the locally generated protective gas flow which is aligned coaxially to the coating flow, prevents oxygen from being introduced into the coating process due to turbulence occurring during laser deposition welding.
- the in situ introduction of the locally generated protective gas during the process generates an additional gas flow directly at the feed device, which leads to a larger-area and less oxygen-containing protective gas covering of the coating zone, thereby providing a more effective and cost-saving process. Therefore, the use of the protective gas leads to a reduction in oxygen and thus to a higher oxidation resistance of the wear protection layer.
- the low oxygen content in the coating zone leads to improved wetting of the melt with the base material of the metallic base body and/or the bonding layer.
- This has the technical advantage that the oxidation of the hard material particle agglomerates and the associated smoke formation are significantly reduced.
- an improved wear protection layer is produced, which is characterized, among other things, by low porosity with a low defect rate.
- the metallic base body is preheated before coating.
- the technical effect of preheating the metallic base body before thermal coating is that the coating cycle time is reduced, which enables a higher product output and thus a reduction in time and costs.
- temperature-induced stresses are reduced, which lead to a significantly improved dimensional stability of the brake body. The invention is explained in more detail below using an embodiment.
- a brake disc blank with formed friction surfaces made from a cast material is provided as a metallic base body in a thermal coating system.
- Hard material particle agglomerates with spherical particle morphology are kept in stock, which are fed to a first feed device in a preceding manufacturing process by spray granulation and sintering in powder form.
- the hard material particles consist of an agglomerate of carbide A, which is TiC, carbide B, which is WC, and stainless steel 316 L, which corresponds to material quality EN 1.4404.
- Carbide B is present at 10 vol.% of the total composition of the hard material particles and the hard material particle agglomerate has 10 vol.% of stainless steel 316 L.
- the hard material particle agglomerates present are present as individual carbides A and B with solid solution carbides of carbides A and B, have the composition TiC-WC and have a particle diameter between 45 pm and 90 pm.
- a stainless steel material of material quality EN 1.4404 is provided to a second feed device for the production of the bonding layer and as a metallic matrix material for the wear protection layer.
- the brake disc is preheated to approx. 165°C and then a bonding layer with a layer thickness of 85 pm is arranged in the area of the friction surface of the brake disc using laser deposition welding via the second feed device under a locally generated protective gas atmosphere.
- the bonding layer is bonded in situ to the cast material of the brake disc blank.
- the wear protection layer with the hard material particle agglomerates is then applied to the bonding layer with a layer thickness of 180 pm by means of laser deposition welding under a locally generated protective gas atmosphere, whereby the supply of the metallic matrix material via the second supply device and the supply of the hard material particle agglomerates via the first supply device are carried out separately.
- the proportion of the hard material particle agglomerates in relation to the metallic matrix material is ⁇ 40 vol.% of the wear protection layer.
- the surface is completely machined using surface grinding, whereby only 50 - 65 pm of material is required for finishing to completely eliminate runout errors and differences in layer thickness.
- the brake disc has a 2-layer wear protection layer with a total layer thickness of ⁇ 300 pm, whereby the wear protection layer has a layer thickness of at least 100 pm.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023118027.4A DE102023118027B3 (de) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Hartstoffbeschichteter Bremskörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung hartstoffbeschichteter Bremskörper |
| PCT/EP2024/069041 WO2025012130A1 (de) | 2023-07-07 | 2024-07-05 | Hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper und verfahren zur herstellung hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4612420A1 true EP4612420A1 (de) | 2025-09-10 |
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ID=91667958
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24746634.5A Pending EP4612420A1 (de) | 2023-07-07 | 2024-07-05 | Hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper und verfahren zur herstellung hartstoffbeschichteter bremskörper |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4612420A1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20260035959A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN121464281A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023118027B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2025012130A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4683894A1 (de) | 2023-10-13 | 2026-01-28 | Treibacher Industrie AG | Pulvermischung |
| DE102024130480A1 (de) * | 2024-10-21 | 2026-04-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Bremsscheibe für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Bremsscheibe |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19711830C2 (de) | 1997-03-21 | 2003-05-08 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Gesinterter Reibkörper und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen |
| DE10056161A1 (de) | 2000-11-13 | 2002-05-29 | Knorr Bremse Systeme | Bremsscheibe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| DE102011075821A1 (de) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bremsscheibe und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Bremsscheibe |
| DE102017212706A1 (de) | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bremsscheibe und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bremsscheibe |
| DE102019207291A1 (de) | 2019-05-18 | 2020-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Reibbremskörper für eine Reibbremse, Reibbremse und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| DE102019207290A1 (de) | 2019-05-18 | 2020-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Reibbremskörper für eine Reibbremse eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Verfahren zur Herstellung, Reibbremse |
| DE102020203412A1 (de) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-23 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schutzbeschichtung an einer Bremsseite eines Bremsscheibengrundkörpers und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Bremsscheibe |
| IT202000032417A1 (it) | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-24 | Brembo Spa | Disco freno a doppio strato in acciaio senza nickel e metodo di realizzazione |
-
2023
- 2023-07-07 DE DE102023118027.4A patent/DE102023118027B3/de active Active
-
2024
- 2024-07-05 WO PCT/EP2024/069041 patent/WO2025012130A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-07-05 EP EP24746634.5A patent/EP4612420A1/de active Pending
- 2024-07-05 KR KR1020267003760A patent/KR20260035959A/ko active Pending
- 2024-07-05 CN CN202480046054.3A patent/CN121464281A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102023118027B3 (de) | 2024-07-18 |
| CN121464281A (zh) | 2026-02-03 |
| KR20260035959A (ko) | 2026-03-13 |
| WO2025012130A1 (de) | 2025-01-16 |
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