EP4584801A1 - Transformatorschirmung mit resonanzdämpfender erdanbindung - Google Patents
Transformatorschirmung mit resonanzdämpfender erdanbindungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4584801A1 EP4584801A1 EP23713326.9A EP23713326A EP4584801A1 EP 4584801 A1 EP4584801 A1 EP 4584801A1 EP 23713326 A EP23713326 A EP 23713326A EP 4584801 A1 EP4584801 A1 EP 4584801A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transformer
- electrical connection
- impedance
- shield
- damping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
Definitions
- the interference signals mentioned can lead to signal disturbances in track circuits or detection circuits with which track sections are monitored to determine whether a rail vehicle is located in a track section or whether the track section is free of rail vehicles and therefore a rail vehicle may enter the monitored track section.
- Such a scenario is illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4.
- the task is therefore to develop a transformer arrangement with a transformer shielding which immediately has a favorable resonance behavior and contributes to the reduction of interference signals and interference effects on the safety devices described above.
- the transformer arrangement according to the invention preferably for a rail vehicle, comprises a transformer and a transformer shield for potential shielding of a component of the transformer.
- the transformer is designed to transform an electrical alternating voltage with a first voltage value present in the rail vehicle into an electrical alternating voltage with a second voltage value.
- the transformer shield is designed to isolate an electrical field generated by the transformer or a component of the transformer from other to shield technical components or to define its course in such a way that interference effects based on partial discharges are reduced or minimized and the associated wear is also reduced or minimized.
- Part of the transformer arrangement is also an electrical connection between the transformer shield and a reference potential.
- the electrical connection has a damping function. This damping function is achieved by an impedance included in the electrical connection.
- the impedance has an impedance value that achieves a resonance-damping effect, but at the same time maintains the effect of the potential shielding of the transformer shield.
- Impedance is to be understood as an electrical resistance for a current, be it a direct current or an alternating current.
- Resonance-damping is to be understood as an impedance value that is sufficiently high to achieve sufficient resonance damping to avoid interference
- "maintaining the effect of the potential shielding of the transformer shield” is to be understood as an impedance value that is not too high so that the shielding maintains its protective effect and no resonance occurs elsewhere.
- a reference potential or reference potential is to be understood as a potential with a predetermined, preferably fixed value, to which all other potentials are related.
- the desired shielding effect of defining a potential in the shielding area is achieved on the one hand and the undesirable occurrence of resonant oscillations in frequency ranges in which signal transmissions could be disturbed, which is observed in a conventional arrangement, is suppressed or avoided on the other.
- An earth potential or a ground potential can be used as a reference potential.
- the rail vehicle according to the invention has the transformer arrangement according to the invention.
- the rail vehicle according to the invention shares the advantages of the transformer arrangement according to the invention.
- a transformer is installed in the rail vehicle. Furthermore, a transformer shield is set up for potential shielding of a component of the transformer. Finally, an electrical connection is formed between the transformer shield and a reference potential. The electrical connection is formed with an impedance with a resonance-dampening impedance value that maintains the effect of the potential shielding of the transformer shield.
- the electrical connection of the transformer arrangement according to the invention comprises a complex impedance.
- a complex impedance With a complex impedance, alternating currents and the resulting magnetic fields or electromagnetic fields can be dampened.
- the electrical connection of the transformer arrangement according to the invention comprises an impedance which is formed by an impedance unit which at least one damping element with a frequency-dependent damping behavior, preferably a plurality of parallel damping elements with different frequency-dependent damping behavior.
- an impedance unit which at least one damping element with a frequency-dependent damping behavior, preferably a plurality of parallel damping elements with different frequency-dependent damping behavior.
- individual, particularly critical frequency ranges can be specifically subjected to damping.
- a frequency range in which currents and/or signals with a relevant function for rail traffic, in particular a safety function, occur is to be understood as particularly "critical".
- the impedance unit of the transformer arrangement according to the invention preferably comprises at least one damping element, preferably a plurality of damping elements, each of which is designed to dampen interference currents in the aforementioned critical frequency ranges.
- the critical frequency ranges mentioned preferably include at least one of the following frequency ranges:
- Attenuation in the low frequency range is required to avoid interference with railway signalling equipment.
- Attenuation in the medium frequency range is required to avoid interference with vehicle detection equipment.
- Attenuation in the high frequency range is also required to avoid interference with the exchange of information between a rail vehicle and the infrastructure via balises.
- the electrical connection of the transformer arrangement according to the invention comprises an impedance which comprises only one damping element with a frequency-dependent damping behavior.
- a individual particularly critical frequency ranges are subjected to attenuation.
- a frequency range in which currents and/or signals with a relevant function for rail traffic, in particular a safety function, occur can be considered particularly "critical".
- the impedance unit of the transformer arrangement according to the invention therefore preferably comprises a damping element which is designed to dampen interference currents in the critical frequency range mentioned.
- a critical frequency range can comprise a low frequency range or a medium frequency range or a high frequency range.
- the reference potential preferably comprises a ground potential or earth potential.
- the reference potential can advantageously be generated and maintained passively.
- the internal conductive component comprises one of the following elements:
- a core sheet is used to form a transformer core.
- the use of such a core sheet instead of a solid material enables the suppression or reduction of eddy currents, which would increase with increasing frequency and lead to a strong heating of the transformer core. and thus contribute to a high power loss.
- Transformer cores are therefore made of laminated and insulated sheets in package form or as wound cut tape cores.
- the electrical connection of the transformer arrangement according to the invention comprises an electrical connection to an external component.
- An "external component” is to be understood as a component outside the housing of the transformer arrangement, preferably outside the transformer tank or the transformer vessel.
- An external component is advantageously easily accessible and can therefore be easily maintained or modified.
- FIG 3 is a schematic representation of a detection of a rail vehicle in a track section
- FIG 4 is a schematic representation of a scenario in which a disturbance current is generated by a rail vehicle
- FIG 5 is a schematic representation of a transformer arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 7 is a flow chart illustrating a method for setting up a transformer arrangement in a rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG 8 shows a rail vehicle with a transformer arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a transformer 2 with conventional shielding.
- the transformer 2 comprises a transformer core 12 at its center.
- a first low-voltage winding 13 is located around the transformer core 12.
- High-voltage windings 14 in several layers are arranged around the first low-voltage winding 13. Three layers are shown as an example in FIG. 1.
- a second low-voltage winding 15 is arranged around the high-voltage windings 14.
- Optional protective windings or protective shields 16 also referred to as transformer shields, are arranged between the individual windings 13, 14, 15.
- the protective shields mentioned are conventionally without exception connected to the tank ground or hard-grounded without additional impedance.
- FIG 2 shows a schematic representation, i.e.
- FIG 2 a plan view of an unoccupied section of track 10 with track monitoring with a track current measurement between a generator 6 and a motor relay 8.
- the track current measurement is used to determine whether the section of track 10 is free of a rail vehicle 1 (hence only shown in FIG 3) or is occupied. This is intended to prevent a collision between two rail vehicles traveling on the same track or the same rails 7a, 7b.
- the generator 6 shown at the bottom left of FIG 2 generates two electrical voltages that are 90° out of phase, one of which is conducted between the rails, i.e. the insulated rail 7a and the earth rail 7b of the section of track 10, and the other is conducted via a power line 6a to the motor relay 8 shown at the bottom right of FIG 2.
- the motor relay 8 is held in a rest position by spring force.
- the two electrical voltages generate a rotating field and thus a torque.
- the motor relay 8 therefore rotates to the working position when there is an unoccupied track section 10 and the track section 10 is recognized as free.
- FIG 3 the track section 10 already shown in FIG 2 is shown in a situation in which a rail vehicle 1 is located on the monitored track section 10.
- the rail vehicle 1 uses its chassis to short-circuit the track voltage present between the rails 7a, 7b, so that the rotating field in the motor relay 8 disappears.
- the spring pulls the motor relay 8 into the rest position, and the track section 10 is thus recognized and reported as occupied.
- the return current of an electric rail vehicle 1 can interfere with the track clearance signal, i.e. act as a disturbance current, if this current at the measuring point , i.e. at the position of the motor relay 8 , corresponds exactly to the current fed in, i.e. the current measured in the case of the free track section .
- a response threshold must be exceeded and this exceedance must last long enough for the motor relay 8 to respond and for the response to be registered in the signal box.
- FIG 4 shows a schematic representation of a scenario in which such an interference current is generated by a rail vehicle 1.
- a current flows from an overhead line OL via an interference current monitoring unit DSU to the electrical components (not shown) of the rail vehicle 1.
- the two rails 7a, 7b are short-circuited via the chassis of the rail vehicle 1 and a return current flows to the motor relay 8.
- the return current must not exceed a predetermined limit value of a current intensity for a time that is longer than a predetermined period of time in a predetermined frequency range in which the frequency of the electrical voltage generated by the generator 6 lies, for example 42 Hz.
- Typical values are 42 Hz +- 2 Hz for the frequency range, 2.8 amps for the limit value of the current intensity and 0.5 s for the predetermined period of time.
- the frequencies of such a return current are determined by the power converters in the vehicle. Their amplitudes, however, are significantly influenced by resonance effects generated by shielding and shield connections, among other things.
- FIG. 5 shows a transformer arrangement 11 with a protective shield 16 with an internal connection according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 only shows a section of a transformer arrangement 1 with only one protective shield 16.
- the transformer arrangement can have the shape shown in FIG. 1.
- the transformer arrangement 11 shown in FIG. 5 comprises an internal connection of the protective shield 16 to a protective earth GND.
- the protective shield 16 is electrically connected to a transformer tank 18 via an impedance 17 instead of a direct hard earthing.
- the transformer tank 18 itself is electrically connected to the protective earth GND.
- the impedance can optionally be designed as a real-valued electrical resistance, which is symbolized by "R” in FIG. 5, or as a complex electrical resistance, which is symbolized by "Z" in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 7 shows a flow chart 700 which illustrates a method for setting up a transformer arrangement 11 in a rail vehicle 1.
- a transformer shield 16 is also set up for potential shielding 16 of a component 12, 13, 14, 15 of the transformer 2.
- Shields 16 are formed between the transformer core 12 and a first low-voltage winding 13, between the first low-voltage winding 13 and high-voltage windings 14 of the transformer 2 and between the individual high-voltage windings 14. Further shields 16 can be arranged between the high-voltage windings 14 and a second outer low-voltage winding 15 and outside around the second low-voltage winding 15 of the transformer 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022212032 | 2022-11-14 | ||
| PCT/EP2023/056750 WO2024104618A1 (de) | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-16 | Transformatorschirmung mit resonanzdämpfender erdanbindung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4584801A1 true EP4584801A1 (de) | 2025-07-16 |
Family
ID=85772803
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23713326.9A Pending EP4584801A1 (de) | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-16 | Transformatorschirmung mit resonanzdämpfender erdanbindung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4584801A1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2023380784B2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024104618A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE50115574D1 (de) * | 2000-02-15 | 2010-09-16 | Siemens Ag | Bedämpfungseinrichtung für wenigstens ein elektrisches Kabel |
| PL2645384T3 (pl) * | 2012-03-27 | 2019-05-31 | Siemens Ag | Transformator i sposób wytwarzania transformatora |
| EP2685581A1 (de) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-15 | Bombardier Transportation GmbH | Versorgung eines Schienenfahrzeugs mit elektrischer Energie über eine abgeschirmte Energieversorgungsleitung |
-
2023
- 2023-03-16 AU AU2023380784A patent/AU2023380784B2/en active Active
- 2023-03-16 EP EP23713326.9A patent/EP4584801A1/de active Pending
- 2023-03-16 WO PCT/EP2023/056750 patent/WO2024104618A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2023380784B2 (en) | 2026-03-26 |
| AU2023380784A1 (en) | 2025-05-15 |
| WO2024104618A1 (de) | 2024-05-23 |
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Owner name: SIEMENS MOBILITY GMBH |
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