Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
  • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
  • B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
  • B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
  • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
  • B01D2252/204—Amines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
  • B01D2252/204—Amines
  • B01D2252/20478—Alkanolamines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
  • B01D2252/204—Amines
  • B01D2252/20478—Alkanolamines
  • B01D2252/20484—Alkanolamines with one hydroxyl group
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
  • B01D2252/204—Amines
  • B01D2252/20478—Alkanolamines
  • B01D2252/20489—Alkanolamines with two or more hydroxyl groups
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
  • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
  • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
  • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

• Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas emitted by human activities. In 2020, carbon dioxide accounted for about 79% of all human-based greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. Although there are a variety of carbon dioxide mitigation techniques, the use of liquid solvents and absorbents has been widely adopted. Amine-based solvents like monoethanolamine (MEA) have been found to be particularly effective at capturing carbon dioxide.
• MEA monoethanolamine
• the present disclosure is directed to a carbon capture system configured to remove carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing feed stream, such as a post-combustion gas feed stream.
• the carbon capture system includes a rotating bed absorber that includes a spiral rotating contactor.
• the rotating bed absorber is configured to produce clean gas with a reduced carbon dioxide concentration and loaded solvent from the feed stream.
• the postcombustion carbon capture system further includes a regenerator downstream from the rotating bed absorber.
• the present disclosure is directed to a carbon capture system configured to remove carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing feed stream
• the carbon capture system includes a rotating bed absorber and a regeneration module.
• the rotating bed absorber has a tank that includes a liquid absorbent, a motor, and a spiral rotating contactor inside the tank.
• the spiral rotating contactor includes a central hub, one or more spiral flights extending away from the central hub, and a rotatable shaft connected to the central hub and driven by the motor.
• the present disclosure is directed to a carbon capture system configured to remove carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing feed stream.
• the carbon capture system has a rotating bed absorber that includes a tank that is at least partially filled with a liquid absorbent and a spiral rotating contactor inside the tank.
• the spiral rotating contactor includes a central hub, one or more spiral flights extending away from the central hub, and a rotatable shaft connected to the central hub and driven by the motor.
• the rotating bed absorber further includes a discharge port connected to the tank and configured to remove a rich absorbent discharge stream from the rotating bed absorber, and an upper port connected to the tank and configured to remove a carbon-reduced gas stream from the rotating bed absorber and admit a lean solvent input stream into the tank.
• the carbon capture system can also include a regeneration module that is configured to regenerate the liquid absorbent by heating the rich absorbent discharge stream to produce a hot lean solvent stream and a hot gas stream.
• FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for a carbon capture process for removing carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing feed stream.
• FIG. 2 is a perspective, partial cross-sectional view of a compact rotating bed absorber constructed in accordance with a first embodiment.
• FIG. 3 is a top, partial cross-sectional view of the compact rotating bed absorber of FIG. 2.
• FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram that depicts a carbon capture system 100 that is designed to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from a carbon-containing feed stream 102.
• the feed stream 102 is typically a flue gas or other postcombustion stream, the feed stream 102 can also originate from open sources that collect carbon dioxide.
• the feed stream 102 is carried to a rotating bed absorber 104, where it mixes with a solvent injected from a lean solvent input stream 106. Clean gas with a reduced concentration of CO2 is discharged in a gas discharge stream 108.
• the hot rich absorbent stream 116 is fed to a regeneration module 118, which may be configured as a rotating bed or a conventional stripper tower.
• the regeneration module 118 heats the loaded solvent to release the carbon dioxide from the solvent.
• the stripped “lean” solvent is carried out of the regeneration module 118 in a hot lean absorbent stream 120.
• the hot lean absorbent stream 120 passes through a second pump 122 and the heat exchanger 114, where it transfers heat to the incoming rich absorbent discharge stream 110 and becomes the lean solvent input stream 106.
• the released carbon dioxide gas is carried in a hot gas stream 124 out of the regeneration module 118.
• the rotating bed absorber 104 includes a tank 126 with an upper port 128, a lower discharge port 130 and a gas intake port 132.
• the tank 126 can be configured as a cylindrical tank (as shown), a canonical tank, or any other form that suitably matches the rotating bed absorber 104.
• the gas intake port 132 can be placed in the side of the tank 126 (as shown), in the top of the tank 126, or in the bottom of the tank 126.
• the rotating bed absorber 104 can include multiple gas intake ports 132. In each case, the gas intake port 132 is configured to accept the feed stream 102 of a carbon-containing fluid.
• the rotating bed absorber 104 includes a spiral rotating contactor 134 inside the tank 126.
• the spiral rotating contactor 134 is connected to a shaft 136 that is driven by a motor 138.
• the shaft 136 can be made coaxial with the lower discharge port 130 such that the shaft 136 passes through the interior of the lower discharge port 130.
• the shaft 136 and lower discharge port 130 are not coaxial and the shaft 136 and lower discharge port 130 connect to different locations on the tank 126.
• the lower discharge port 130 can be connected to the lower portion of the tank 126 and configured to carry the rich absorbent discharge stream 110 away from the rotating bed absorber 104 through an annular space surrounding the internal coaxial shaft 136.
• the upper port 128 extends through the upper portion of the tank 126.
• the upper port 128 is positioned in a central location proximate the top of the spiral rotating contactor 134.
• the upper port 128 can be stationary or configured for rotation with the spiral rotating contactor 134.
• the upper port 128 includes an inner passage 142 configured to carry the lean solvent input stream 106 to the center of the spiral rotating contactor 134 and outer annular space 140 surrounding the inner passage 142 that is configured to remove the gas discharge stream 108 from the rotating bed absorber 104.
• the lean solvent input stream 106 and gas discharge stream 108 are carried through separate conduits connected to the rotating bed absorber 104.
• FIG. 3 shown therein is a top cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rotating bed absorber 104.
• the spiral rotating contactor 134 includes one or more spiral flights 144 that extend outward from a perforated central hub 146 that is connected to, or otherwise in fluid communication with, the inner passage 142 of the upper port 128.
• the spiral flights 144 can approximate an Archimedes spiral, a Golden spiral, or a Fibonacci spiral.
• the central hub 146 or another portion of the spiral rotating contactor 134 is connected to the shaft 136 and configured to rotate with the shaft 136.
• the spiral rotating contactor 134 is configured to rotation in a clockwise direction when viewed from the top of the spiral rotating contactor 134.
• the lean absorbent is passed into the perforated central hub 146, discharged through distribution ports 158 in the central hub 146, and carried outward under centrifugal force within channels 160 between adjacent spiral flights 144.
• the central hub 146 can include a plurality of discharge ports 158 that decrease in size from larger holes to smaller holes across the length of the central hub 146 to better distribute the lean solvent input stream 106.
• the distribution holes 158 are the same size.
• the distribution holes 158 at the top of the hub 146 are smaller than the distribution holes 158 at the bottom of the hub 146.
• the feed stream 102 is forced into the tank 126 and carried in a countercurrent flow against the movement of the liquid absorbent to the area surrounding the central hub 146, where the gas is evacuated through the outer annular space 140 of the upper port 128.
• the spiral rotating contactor 134 provides a very compact system for ensuring good contact and mixing in a countercurrent manner between the lean solvent liquid and the carbon-containing feed gas.
• the spiral flights 144 can be constructed form a multi-layer mesh, as depicted in FIG. 4.
• the outer layers 148 can be completely or partially liquid-impermeable, while the inner layers 150 can be constructed from one or more layers of mesh that provide a frictional interface to encourage the movement of the liquid solvent outward as the spiral rotating contactor 134 rotates.
• the outer layers 148 are constructed from a PTFE plastic or from a variety of semipermeable materials and the inner layers 150 are constructed from a suitable stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant metal or alloy.
• the mesh inner layers 150 extend partially between adjacent outer layers 150.
• FIG. 5 shown therein is an alternate embodiment of the rotating bed absorber 104 in which the spiral rotating contactor 134 is rotated on a substantially horizontal shaft 136 and partially submerged in a volume of absorbent within the tank 126.
• the feed stream 102 is carried into the tank 126 through a gas inlet 154 and the lean solvent input stream 106 is injected through an absorbent inlet 152.
• the gas inlet 154 can be configured to inject the feed stream 102 through the bottom of the tank 126 such that the gas is forced to bubble through the volume of liquid absorbent in the tank 126.
• the rotational direction of the spiral rotating contactor 134 is reversed such that the open leading edge of the spiral flights 144 captures alternating volumes of gas and solvent with each successive rotation.
• the spiral rotating contactor 134 captures the liquid absorbent and carbon-containing gas and mixes the gas and liquid as they are carried together inward to the central hub 146.
• the carbon-reduced gas and the loaded liquid absorbent can be removed from the rotating bed absorber 104 through a discharge line 156 connected to the central hub 146 and passed to a separator module 162 to allow the gas and liquid components to separate by gravity.
• the carbon-reduced gas can be vented or routed for downstream processing, while the loaded liquid absorbent can be routed through to the regeneration module 118, as described in FIG. 1.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=87930032

Family Applications (1)

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• 2023
  • 2023-08-25 CN CN202380056838.XA patent/CN119630465A/zh active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 AU AU2023333211A patent/AU2023333211A1/en active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 EP EP23764823.3A patent/EP4580781A1/de active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 WO PCT/EP2023/025387 patent/WO2024046597A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2023-08-25 KR KR1020257009784A patent/KR20250055581A/ko active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 CA CA3266314A patent/CA3266314A1/en active Pending

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