EP4508364A1 - Druckminderer zur ermöglichung der verwendung von polymerrohren für thermische druckentlastungsvorrichtungen von wasserstoffbetriebenen fahrzeugen - Google Patents
Druckminderer zur ermöglichung der verwendung von polymerrohren für thermische druckentlastungsvorrichtungen von wasserstoffbetriebenen fahrzeugenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4508364A1 EP4508364A1 EP23700951.9A EP23700951A EP4508364A1 EP 4508364 A1 EP4508364 A1 EP 4508364A1 EP 23700951 A EP23700951 A EP 23700951A EP 4508364 A1 EP4508364 A1 EP 4508364A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- thermal
- outlet
- relief device
- tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
- F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
- F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/012—Reducing weight
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
Definitions
- Pressure reducer to enable the use of polymer tubes for thermal pressure relief devices of hydrogen powered vehicles
- the invention relates to a pressure reduction system for a high-pressure tank according to the preamble of claim 1.
- high-pressure tanks are used to store fuel. Pressures of several hundred bar, such as 700 bar in the passenger car segment, are typical for such high-pressure tanks.
- the high-pressure tanks are equipped with a thermal pressure relief device, which is usually a pipe system or a relief pipe that empties the high-pressure tanks in the event of a vehicle fire.
- Relief pipes or thermal pressure relief devices are already known from the prior art, which are coupled directly to a hydrogen high-pressure tank. These are typically stainless steel pipes, which have a relatively have high mechanical strength and can therefore withstand increased pressure conditions when the fuel flows out. Depending on the system design, the line pressure reaches up to approximately 80-95% of the tank pressure when the thermal pressure relief device is activated and the hydrogen flows from the high pressure tank into the pipeline.
- the aim of the invention is to overcome these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to create an improved pressure reduction system for high-pressure tanks in hydrogen-powered motor vehicles, which is constructed inexpensively using simple means and at the same time has a low weight
- a pressure reducer is provided in the thermal pressure relief device to reduce the pressure when the high-pressure tank is relieved.
- the invention solves the present problem surprisingly simply by using the additional pressure reducer within the thermal pressure relief device.
- the pressure reducer reduces the pressure in the thermal pressure relief device so that it can be made from a significantly cheaper and less heavy plastic, in particular from a polymer material.
- the present invention thus provides a system for venting high-pressure tanks that ensures low pipe pressure during relief.
- the pressure reducer is a throttle valve, wherein the throttle valve has a throttle opening.
- the pressure becomes downstream due to the throttle valve at the outlet of the high pressure tank and within the thermal pressure relief device or effectively reduced in the direction of flow.
- the throttle valve is designed as a ring throttle. This represents a cost-effective design variant and thus further reduces the overall costs in production.
- other throttle geometries that can be produced cheaply, such as a simple perforated plate, would also be conceivable.
- the throttle opening is designed to be smaller in diameter than the outlet and the thermal pressure relief device. This achieves an effective reduction in the total pressure in the system and an increase in entropy. At the same time, the throttle reduces the static pressure in the thermal pressure relief device downstream or in the direction of flow.
- the throttle valve is arranged indirectly at the outlet of the high-pressure tank and within the thermal pressure relief device. Due to the distance between the outlet and the throttle, advantageously no excessive pressure peaks arise during outflow in the area of the outlet or at the pipe inlet of the thermal pressure relief device.
- the invention provides that the thermal pressure relief device is designed as a relief pipe, the outlet having a diameter that corresponds to a pipe diameter of the thermal pressure relief device. This ensures a uniform mass throughput when flowing through the relief pipe. Due to the throttle valve, there is a reduction in the density of the fuel as it flows through the relief pipe. In order to compensate for the reduction in density, the diameter of the outlet or the relief pipe is generally dimensioned larger than in the known solutions from the prior art, whereby a sufficient mass throughput is achieved despite the throttling.
- the thermal pressure relief device is designed as a polymer tube.
- Polymer pipes are particularly cost-effective to produce and at the same time very light in direct comparison to stainless steel pipes.
- the polymer tube can be produced, for example, in a simple injection molding process.
- the invention provides that the pressure reducer accelerates the flow at the outlet to supersonic speed. Due to the acceleration of the fluid or fuel into the supersonic range, in the thermal pressure relief device an effective pressure reduction downstream or in the direction of flow can be achieved.
- the pressure reducer is preferably a Laval nozzle, the Laval nozzle having a convergent section and a divergent section.
- the Laval nozzle is arranged between the outlet and the thermal pressure relief device, with the convergent section of the Laval nozzle being arranged directly and immediately at the outlet of the high-pressure tank.
- the arrangement of the Laval nozzle allows the static pressure to be reduced without lowering the total pressure in the system.
- the outflowing fuel is accelerated to supersonic speed using the Laval nozzle at the outlet of the high-pressure tank or at the pipe inlet of the thermal pressure relief device. A further acceleration to supersonic flow, i.e. H. to Mach numbers >1, can take place in the divergent section of the Laval nozzle.
- the static pressure decreases with increasing Mach number, this leads to a significant reduction in pressure in the thermal pressure relief device while maintaining the same total pressure, i.e. H. the acceleration is essentially isentropic. Due to this interaction, the diameter of the thermal pressure relief device or the relief pipe can be dimensioned smaller than in the throttle design. Preferably, the flow throughout the relief tube remains in the supersonic range, even if it decreases due to the frictional forces.
- the Laval nozzle has a reduced neck diameter, with the convergent section of the Laval nozzle merging into the divergent section immediately after reaching the neck diameter.
- the convergent section of the Laval nozzle can also continuously merge into the divergent section and have a slight axial extension in the area of the neck diameter.
- the outlet preferably has a diameter that is smaller than a pipe diameter of the thermal pressure relief device.
- the Laval nozzle preferably has a circular or elliptical cross-sectional area over its entire length.
- the narrowest cross section of the Laval nozzle preferably corresponds to the neck diameter, with the flow reaching the speed of sound at the neck diameter and being accelerated into the supersonic range in the divergent section.
- FIG. 1a shows a schematic view of a high-pressure tank with a thermal relief tube from the prior art
- Fig. 1b is a schematic view of an inventive
- Fig. 1c is a schematic view of a further embodiment of a pressure reduction system according to the invention.
- Fig. 1a shows a high-pressure tank 10 in which hydrogen can be stored under high pressure.
- the high-pressure tank 10 is coupled to a thermal pressure relief device 20 on an outlet side.
- the thermal pressure relief device 20 is designed as a relief tube and has a tube diameter D.
- the fuel flows in the flow direction (x) into the thermal pressure relief device 20.
- the arrangement corresponds to the prior art.
- Fig. 1b is a schematic representation of a pressure reduction system for hydrogen-powered motor vehicles with at least one high-pressure tank 10 in which fuel is stored under excess pressure.
- the high-pressure tank 10 has an outlet 9 for relief, via which the high-pressure tank 10 is fluidly connected to a thermal pressure relief device 20.
- the thermal pressure relief device 20 is designed as a relief tube. When the pressure is relieved, the fuel flows through the relief pipe in the flow direction x.
- the outlet 9 has a diameter D1, which corresponds to a pipe diameter of the thermal pressure relief device 20 or the relief pipe.
- a pressure reducer 1 is arranged at the outlet 9 within the relief pipe.
- the pressure reducer 1 is designed as a throttle valve 7 and has a throttle opening 8. This is particularly a ring ouzel.
- Fig. 1c shows schematically a further embodiment of the invention.
- a Laval nozzle 5 is arranged instead of the throttle valve 7 from Fig. 1b, with the thermal pressure relief device also being designed as a relief tube in this embodiment.
- the Laval nozzle 5 has a convergent section 2 and a divergent section 6.
- the Laval nozzle 5 is arranged between the outlet 9 and the thermal pressure relief device 20 or a constant section of the relief pipe.
- the convergent section 2 of the Laval nozzle 5 is arranged directly at the outlet 9 of the high-pressure tank 10.
- the Laval nozzle 5 also has a neck diameter 3, with the convergent section 2 of the Laval nozzle 5 merging into the divergent section 6 immediately after reaching the neck diameter 3.
- the outlet 9 has a diameter D2, which is smaller than a pipe diameter D3 of the relief pipe or the thermal pressure relief device 20.
- the neck diameter 3 has the smallest cross section or diameter of the Laval nozzle 5.
- the pressure relief system of the present invention may generally relate to high pressure vessels and thermal pressure relief devices.
- the invention relates to hydrogen-powered vehicles, which usually have a high-pressure tank filled with hydrogen under excess pressure. Due to the increased risk of explosion and fire in the event of accidents or the like, the invention is used in particular for venting such high-pressure tanks.
- the pressure reduction system can also be implemented in a stationary high-pressure container with a thermal pressure relief device.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022109125.2A DE102022109125A1 (de) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Druckminderer zur Ermöglichung der Verwendung von Polymerrohren für thermische Druckentlastungsvorrichtungen von wasserstoffbetriebenen Fahrzeugen |
| PCT/EP2023/050711 WO2023198322A1 (de) | 2022-04-13 | 2023-01-13 | Druckminderer zur ermöglichung der verwendung von polymerrohren für thermische druckentlastungsvorrichtungen von wasserstoffbetriebenen fahrzeugen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4508364A1 true EP4508364A1 (de) | 2025-02-19 |
| EP4508364B1 EP4508364B1 (de) | 2026-03-04 |
Family
ID=85018851
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23700951.9A Active EP4508364B1 (de) | 2022-04-13 | 2023-01-13 | Druckminderer zur ermöglichung der verwendung von polymerrohren für thermische druckentlastungsvorrichtungen von wasserstoffbetriebenen fahrzeugen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250290604A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4508364B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025511930A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250003520A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118900967A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022109125A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023198322A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119665126A (zh) * | 2024-12-04 | 2025-03-21 | 北京控制工程研究所 | 一种大流量气体减压控制装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2470632A1 (fr) * | 1979-12-07 | 1981-06-12 | Elf Aquitaine | Procede et dispositif de dispersion de gaz combustibles dans l'atmosphere |
| JP4088457B2 (ja) | 2002-02-26 | 2008-05-21 | 株式会社ネリキ | 圧力容器用安全弁 |
| DE102006009537B3 (de) | 2006-02-28 | 2007-05-31 | Vti Ventil Technik Gmbh | Kraftstoff-Druckgasbehälter |
| EP3175167A4 (de) * | 2014-07-31 | 2018-05-16 | Lightsail Energy, Inc. | Druckgasspeichereinheit und füllverfahren |
| WO2017091595A1 (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-06-01 | Quantum Fuel Systems Llc | Composite vessel fire protection system |
| DE102016008442A1 (de) | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-04 | Daimler Ag | Tankventil |
| DE102017209580A1 (de) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Druckentlastungsvorrichtung mit einem variablen Massenstrom |
| DE102019109195A1 (de) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-10-08 | Norma Germany Gmbh | Strahlpumpe |
| US11559964B2 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2023-01-24 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Composite structures, composite storage tanks, vehicles including such composite storage tanks, and related systems and methods |
| DE102019125184A1 (de) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Druckbehälter sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102020201172A1 (de) | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-05 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Vorrichtung zum Speichern von Druckgas, Fahrzeug |
-
2022
- 2022-04-13 DE DE102022109125.2A patent/DE102022109125A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-01-13 KR KR1020247031944A patent/KR20250003520A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2023-01-13 EP EP23700951.9A patent/EP4508364B1/de active Active
- 2023-01-13 JP JP2024559556A patent/JP2025511930A/ja active Pending
- 2023-01-13 CN CN202380025780.2A patent/CN118900967A/zh active Pending
- 2023-01-13 US US18/856,285 patent/US20250290604A1/en active Pending
- 2023-01-13 WO PCT/EP2023/050711 patent/WO2023198322A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022109125A1 (de) | 2023-10-19 |
| KR20250003520A (ko) | 2025-01-07 |
| US20250290604A1 (en) | 2025-09-18 |
| JP2025511930A (ja) | 2025-04-16 |
| EP4508364B1 (de) | 2026-03-04 |
| WO2023198322A1 (de) | 2023-10-19 |
| CN118900967A (zh) | 2024-11-05 |
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