EP4489806A1 - Laserapplizierte markierungen für verbesserte sonografische und radiologische bildgebung von medizinischen vorrichtungen - Google Patents
Laserapplizierte markierungen für verbesserte sonografische und radiologische bildgebung von medizinischen vorrichtungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4489806A1 EP4489806A1 EP23710968.1A EP23710968A EP4489806A1 EP 4489806 A1 EP4489806 A1 EP 4489806A1 EP 23710968 A EP23710968 A EP 23710968A EP 4489806 A1 EP4489806 A1 EP 4489806A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- markings
- laser
- catheter
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L29/085—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
- A61L29/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing medical devices with markings that are visible to imaging methods. It also relates to medical devices that can be produced using the process.
- radiological and sonographic techniques are primarily used.
- the present invention relates to catheters.
- Catheters are commonly used for drainage, irrigation, application of diagnostic or therapeutic medications, biopsy or establishing passage within hollow organs, and various other procedures.
- Such catheters predominantly have a base body made of a polymeric material.
- the invention includes a method for producing visibility-enhancing markers, which can be applied to a wide variety of materials with very high geometric variability and can be used for both radiological and sonographic applications.
- the catheter material is filled as a whole or in strips with radiopaque substances such as barium sulfate. Radio-opaque markers are often used to identify individual areas of a catheter, e.g. the distal end.
- the markers in the form of a coating, a band or an inlay.
- rings made of solid radiopaque metal are attached to the catheter tube. Since the solid metal band is relatively inflexible compared to the catheter shaft material, local stiffening and undesirable discontinuities occur on the catheter. Bending and/or torsional stress can cause the material composite to fail and thus the marker to be lost.
- metallic markers are relatively expensive to produce and difficult to securely attach to an underlying device.
- such markers are prepared by mixing a polymer resin with a powdered, radiographically dense material such as elemental tungsten and then extruding the composition. Due to the process and the high density differences between the metal and the polymer, only small volumes of the metal can be incorporated into the compound. In order to achieve sufficient X-ray contrast, excessive wall thicknesses are required. When attaching the markers to the instrument, protrusions arise and the profile is changed in an undesirable way. In many cases, external dimensional restrictions prevent the use of devices with such markings.
- Closed pore structures with defined cell geometry and high homogeneity can be implemented as syntactic foams by embedding hollow spheres.
- full-surface paint coatings with cavities are known, which are produced by incorporating hollow microspheres made of vinylidene chloride, which in turn can be filled with gas such as isobutane.
- Catheters are also known which are characterized by a multi-layer structure which is produced by extrusion.
- the echogenic properties can be improved by modifying individual layers.
- EP 1 462 056 relates to a catheter which consists of at least two layers, of which the outer has a higher layer thickness than the inner and gas bubbles are dispersed in the outer layer. Layers produced in this way have the disadvantage that they are present over the entire length of the extruded part and thus also in areas where they are rather undesirable. It is not possible to produce pattern-shaped markings to better distinguish between the body's own structures and process-related noise in the ultrasound image.
- the physical properties shafts of the device are influenced to a large extent. For example, the property of transparency, which is often important for catheters, is lost.
- US 2014/0221828 A1 discloses medical devices with checkerboard-like echogenic patterns that are created by casting or printing a metal film or by gas-filled plastic structures.
- the laser treatment recommended for plastic structuring has the disadvantage that ablation and bubble formation create depressions and elevations on the surface. It is known that the material changes caused by laser beams are particularly effective in the area close to the surface and decrease with increasing layer depth. No solution is shown as to how the effect of the laser beam can be limited to the interior of the catheter wall and the formation of surface irregularities can be avoided.
- the instruments should retain their transparency and only be provided with visible markings in the areas that are of interest for detectability and possible subsequent manipulation.
- the design of the markings in the form of graphics, scales and patterns is intended to improve the detection of displacements, twists, bends, shrinkage or expansion of the device as well as the identification of functional areas.
- the invention essentially provides that the novel markings are produced by a polyurethane coating in which a particle film with functional properties is embedded at a high density.
- the markings are removed by subsequently rinsing off the non-irradiated coating material.
- the markings can be made in any geometric shape.
- the selection of the particles depends on the desired functionality. For example, hollow glass microspheres are used for sonographic applications and spherical tantalum particles are used for X-ray visibility.
- Polyurethane systems are preferably used for the coatings.
- Polyurethanes are formed by polyaddition of bi- or higher-functional alkanols and isocyanates. They are widely available and can be applied very efficiently to a wide variety of substrates, such as metals, textiles, ceramics and heat-sensitive plastics. The marking of medical devices that are made of plastic is preferred.
- Coating systems with a modular structure are available on the market, which enable a high degree of flexibility in formulation design and application properties. In many cases, polyurethanes also ensure good biocompatibility, meaning that they can be used for medical purposes.
- Solvent-based systems or aqueous dispersions and emulsions are used. Water-based compositions offer improved biocompatibility and stability and are more environmentally friendly. By avoiding organic solvents, there is often better compatibility with the substrate.
- the catalysts known in polyurethane chemistry can be used to accelerate the polymerization reaction. In general, the amount of catalyst required is very small, on the order of 100 ppm or less. The synthesis without a catalyst is preferred.
- the use of so-called baking systems, which only react chemically and harden with increased heat input, is particularly advantageous.
- the temperature is in the range between 100 and 200 °C.
- the time required for sufficient crosslinking is between 2 and 100 minutes and can be shortened by using higher temperatures.
- the polyurethane layers are applied to well-cleaned and possibly activated substrates using conventional methods Processes such as printing, spraying, squeegeeing and dipping. Through targeted dilution or the use of thickeners, layer thicknesses in the range from 500 nm to a few 100 ⁇ m can be achieved, with 5 to 50 ⁇ m being preferred in the context of the present invention.
- such a coating can also be selected from the group of sol-gel systems, acrylates, melamine, polyester.
- the stickiness of the coating compound immediately after application is used to adhere functional particles.
- the coated part is sprayed with particles or dipped into a resting or fluidized powder so that particles are deposited as a film on the coating.
- a film is defined here as a single layer of particles covering almost the entire area, the average height of which is only slightly higher than the average size of the particles.
- the resulting coating structure is then dried and hardened by laser-induced heat input.
- a computer-controlled optical system can be used to quickly deflect laser pulses with the desired power Act specifically on the areas that need to be warmed.
- the introduction of heat is precisely defined thermally and geometrically.
- the resulting marking can be formed in one piece, or can have several components that can be connected to one another. With the help of rotating devices, all-round markings are also possible.
- inexpensive diode-pumped solid-state lasers and fiber lasers in the wavelength range of 1064 nm (NIR), which are also used in a similar way for marking and labeling, are preferably used .
- the shape of the marking is programmed using labeling software.
- an excimer laser e.g. B.
- other conventional laser types that have a wavelength in a range of high absorption of the absorber materials used, such as. B. CO 2 and other dye lasers, the desired results can be achieved.
- the power of the laser used and the setting of various laser parameters depend on the respective application and can be easily determined by an expert in individual cases.
- the laser energy is absorbed in the substrate, so that the coating material is heated indirectly.
- unfilled catheter plastics such as TPU, PVC and silicone as well as the polyurethane coating itself are laser transmissive at wavelengths of near ultraviolet to near infrared light, ie they show no interaction with the laser radiation.
- metallic particles which are actually applied to the coating for the purpose of X-ray contrast, can also cause very good laser absorption and thus heat input into the coating.
- the adhering metallic particles it is possible to harden the polyurethane reaction mixture by laser treatment, even on laser-transparent, heat-sensitive materials, without additional laser additives.
- the special heat transport from the solid particle into the polyurethane layer results in a very strong bonding of the particles at the points of contact. In order to ensure the necessary reaction time, the laser beam is guided several times over the area to be treated.
- the markings are actually removed by rinsing off the non-irradiated and therefore non-crosslinked coating material.
- the selection of the rinsing liquid depends on the applied coating system and the substrate. For aqueous composites, water is preferred for rinsing. If organic solvents are necessary, a dissolving effect on the substrate and the cross-linked coating must be excluded.
- Suitable solvents can be ketones such as acetone, butanone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, toluene, cyclohexane or esters such as butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methoxypropyl acetate or mixtures of the substances mentioned.
- a further layer of polyurethane can be applied, which is cured conventionally or by laser treatment. In this way, insulation is also achieved which prevents unwanted electrical prevent chemical processes in the blood or other body fluids between the metal particles and the instrument. Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous to subject the medical device with the applied markings to a temperature treatment in a heating cabinet, which ensures complete reaction of the polyurethane varnish and complete evaporation of the solvent.
- the required functionality of the markings according to the invention is guaranteed by the embedded particles.
- the radiopaque powder materials that are suitable for imaging in X-ray diagnostics include metallurgical materials with high atomic numbers such as platinum, tantalum, iridium, tungsten, rhenium, gold and alloys of these metals.
- Metal compounds such as tungsten carbide, tungsten boride, barium sulfate, bismuth chloride oxide can also be used to produce markings on metallic devices.
- the shape of the particles is not crucial, but should preferably be spherical. Suitable particle sizes are in the range from 1 to 50 ⁇ m, diameters of 5 - 10 ⁇ m are particularly preferred. Smaller particles create a thinner coating that has less of an impact on the properties of the medical device.
- the size information refers to the equivalent spherical diameter, i.e. the diameter that a sphere with the same volume as the particle has.
- the particles are embedded in a very high proportion of the total volume of the coating.
- the functional volume fraction can be 40 - 75% and is preferably realized in the range of 50 to 70%.
- hollow micro bodies can be incorporated into the marking composite in accordance with the state of the art. Glass and ceramic hollow spheres as well as polymer microspheres are particularly suitable.
- expandable microspheres are used.
- the particles are microscopic spheres with a thermoplastic outer skin and a filling of a condensed gas that expand when heated.
- polymer elastic microbubbles can enable better ultrasound visibility. Not only do they offer a drastically different acoustic impedance than human tissue, but they also act as resonators for ultrasonic waves, thus increasing the backscatter effect.
- Echogenic microparticles with a diameter between 1 and 50 ⁇ m are preferably used.
- markings can be created on metallic and non-metallic devices, which enable improved image representation using both radiological and sonographic diagnostic methods.
- the investigations on the examples listed show that, despite the bifunctional effect of the markings, high-quality image quality with perfect contrasts and a high level of detail can be achieved with both methods.
- the markings are characterized by high smudge and scratch resistance and are stable during subsequent sterilization processes.
- the claimed method is therefore particularly suitable for marking catheters, where there are currently only a few technical solutions available to improve detectability.
- the preferred pattern-shaped design of the markings enables easy differentiation of the body's own structures and allows displacements, bends or twists to be easily recognized. There is also the possibility of scaling particularly interesting areas using patterns and highlighting them for subsequent manipulation of the catheter.
- a medical device according to the present invention is therefore preferably selected from the group consisting of catheters, needles, stents, cannulas, tracheotomes, endoscopes, dilators, tubes, introducers, markers, stylets, snares, angioplasty devices, fiducials, trocars and forceps.
- Example 2 is a photograph of a catheter equipped with markings according to Example 1,
- Example 4 shows an X-ray image of a catheter produced according to Example 1.
- Fig. 1 the basic structure of a catheter 01 provided with markings 03, 04 is shown in various views.
- the catheter is designed, for example, with 3 ring-shaped markings 03, which are arranged on the circumference with different widths, and with 3 markings, which connect the rings as longitudinally arranged webs 04.
- the markings lie on the catheter wall 02 and are characterized by a structure in which a film of dense metal particles 07 is embedded between two polyurethane layers 05, 06.
- the spaces between the parts none are not completely filled with polymer, so that air-containing cavities 08 are present here.
- the cavities are closed to the outside by the cover layer 06.
- the X-ray opaque spherical metal particles 07 have an average size of 10 ⁇ m and take up 50 - 70% of the volume of the marking.
- the total thickness of the coating is approximately 15 ⁇ m, which is only slightly larger than the diameter of the individual particles.
- Fig. 2 The markings shown in Fig. 2 were made on a TPU catheter with an outer diameter of 3 mm and have the structure corresponding to Fig. 1.
- Markings produced according to the invention stand out from the black background and from the untreated areas of the instruments in the X-ray (FIG. 3) and ultrasound images (FIG. 4) with very high brightness contrasts and good contour sharpness.
- Elastollan® 1180 A10 FC is a TPU from BASF that has a Shore A hardness of 80, a strength of 45 MPa and an elongation at break of 650%.
- Desmophen® T1777 is a polyol component for the production of polyurethane stoving enamels with blocked aliphatic polyisocyanates from Covestro.
- Desmodur® BL 3475 is a diethylmalonate-blocked, aliphatic polyisocyanate based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) from Covestro.
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
- Bayhytherm® 3246 is a water-thinnable, aliphatic, self-crosslinking stoving urethane resin from Covestro.
- the ultrasound visibility examinations were carried out in B-mode with a Mindray DP-50 ultrasound diagnostic device and a linear transducer at an acoustic frequency of 8 MHz.
- the various devices were positioned at a 45° position to the direction of sound both in a water bath and in an ultrasound phantom with tissue-like properties.
- the grayscale spectra (histograms) of the individual areas of the ultrasound image were averaged using image processing software and compared with each other, with 100% black corresponding to a value of 0 and 100% white corresponding to a value of 255.
- the X-ray imaging was examined using an intraoral X-ray system from Trophy-Radiologie GmbH with digital sensor technology. An aluminum strip with graduated thicknesses of 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm was included in the measurement as a comparison standard. The exposure setting of the X-ray machine was chosen so that the 4 levels were imaged with high contrast differences. (70 kV, 10 mA, 0.5 seconds, sensor size 18 x 24 cm). example 1
- This example describes the production of a marking according to the invention on a catheter.
- a catheter with an outer diameter of 3 mm and a layer thickness of 0.5 mm is produced using a tube extrusion system.
- the hose material is a TPU of type Elastollan® 1180 A10 FC.
- a coating mass is prepared by adding it to a beaker and mixing the following ingredients. Desmophen® T1777: 34.8%
- the catheter is closed at one end with a stopper, immersed in the coating solution and then pulled out very slowly at a speed of 1 mm/s. The excess solution is allowed to drip off and the coated tube is dried for 2 minutes at room temperature.
- Tantalum powder with an average particle size of 8 ⁇ m is whirled up in a fluid basin using compressed air.
- the catheter is immersed in the fluidized bed while rotating and remains there until sufficient particles adhere to the sticky coating.
- the tube is irradiated with a pulsed 10 watt Yb fiber laser from FOBA.
- laser parameters laser power: 20%, travel speed: 10 mm/s, pulse frequency: 20 kHz
- a temperature increase is caused at the irradiated areas 03, 04, which leads to crosslinking and hardening of the coating.
- the movement of the laser beam to form the contour and fill the surfaces is repeated several times so that the local temperature measurement increase is maintained over a period of 20 minutes.
- the circumferential ring markings 03 were programmed as rectangles using the laser marking software and realized by axially rotating the tube during the laser treatment.
- the webs 04 were created on the stationary tube by repeated lasering after each 120o rotation of the tube. After the laser treatment has been completed, the coated part of the catheter is dipped into 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate and the uncured coating material is rinsed off by agitation.
- FIG. 3a show the ultrasound images of the catheter 01 immersed in water at a 45° position to the transmitted ultrasound.
- the image of the marked catheter in an X-ray image can be seen in Fig. 4.
- a standard aluminum plate with thicknesses of 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm was included with the recording.
- the marking has very good radiopacity, which almost corresponds to a 2 mm thick aluminum plate.
- This example describes the production of a marking according to the invention on a 22G disposable cannula (outer diameter: 0.7 mm) made of stainless chrome-nickel steel.
- the coating composition is prepared from the following components.
- the particles used are hollow glass microspheres of the type 3MTM Glass Bubbles K37 with an average particle size of 40 ⁇ m.
- the marking is made in the form of 3 circumferential rings with a width of 3 mm.
- the sonographic examinations were carried out on a commercial ultrasound phantom made of tissue-mimicking material.
- Fig. 3b shows an ultrasound image of the 0.7 mm thin needle at an ultrasound frequency of 8 MHz at a depth of 1 to 2 cm.
- the following table provides an overview of the average brightness values of the various image areas in the ultrasound image calculated from a gray value histogram (Fig. 3b).
- the markings are characterized by very good ultrasound visibility.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022105492.6A DE102022105492A1 (de) | 2022-03-09 | 2022-03-09 | Laserapplizierte Markierungen für verbesserte sonografische und radiologische Bildgebung von medizinischen Vorrichtungen |
| PCT/EP2023/054860 WO2023169858A1 (de) | 2022-03-09 | 2023-02-27 | Laserapplizierte markierungen für verbesserte sonografische und radiologische bildgebung von medizinischen vorrichtungen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4489806A1 true EP4489806A1 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
Family
ID=85641101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23710968.1A Pending EP4489806A1 (de) | 2022-03-09 | 2023-02-27 | Laserapplizierte markierungen für verbesserte sonografische und radiologische bildgebung von medizinischen vorrichtungen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250177613A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4489806A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025508070A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20240155346A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118871142A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022105492A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023169858A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025250976A1 (en) * | 2024-05-31 | 2025-12-04 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Medical devices with enhanced echogenicity |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9622711D0 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1997-01-08 | British Tech Group | Instrument having enhanced ultrasound visibility |
| US6540721B1 (en) | 1999-12-29 | 2003-04-01 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Balloon catheter with flexible radiopaque polymeric marker |
| DE10020739A1 (de) | 2000-03-20 | 2001-10-11 | Herbert Maslanka | In Röntgenstrahlenbetrachtung sichtbares chirurgisches Instrument |
| GB0307350D0 (en) | 2003-03-29 | 2003-05-07 | Smiths Group Plc | Catheters |
| US20050064223A1 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-24 | Bavaro Vincent Peter | Polymeric marker with high radiopacity |
| DE202009001974U1 (de) | 2009-03-17 | 2010-08-19 | Rüger Medical GmbH | Vorrichtung mit einer echogenen Beschichtung sowie echogene Schicht |
| US20140221828A1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-07 | Muffin Incorporated | Non-linear echogenic markers |
| JP7570926B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-14 | 2024-10-22 | ミツビシ・ケミカル・アメリカ、インコーポレイテッド | 医療デバイスのための放射線不透過性及びエコー源性コーティング |
| US20220031915A1 (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-02-03 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Radiopaque medical components and devices |
| DE102019112606A1 (de) | 2019-05-14 | 2020-11-19 | Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e. V. Rudolstadt | Medizinisches Instrument und Vorrichtung mit echogenen Markierungen |
| WO2021029348A1 (ja) | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-18 | テルモ株式会社 | カテーテルおよび診断方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-03-09 DE DE102022105492.6A patent/DE102022105492A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-02-27 EP EP23710968.1A patent/EP4489806A1/de active Pending
- 2023-02-27 US US18/844,998 patent/US20250177613A1/en active Pending
- 2023-02-27 WO PCT/EP2023/054860 patent/WO2023169858A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-27 JP JP2024553431A patent/JP2025508070A/ja active Pending
- 2023-02-27 KR KR1020247033474A patent/KR20240155346A/ko active Pending
- 2023-02-27 CN CN202380026211.XA patent/CN118871142A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118871142A (zh) | 2024-10-29 |
| WO2023169858A1 (de) | 2023-09-14 |
| US20250177613A1 (en) | 2025-06-05 |
| JP2025508070A (ja) | 2025-03-21 |
| KR20240155346A (ko) | 2024-10-28 |
| DE102022105492A1 (de) | 2023-09-14 |
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