EP4486587A1 - Aufbau für einen unterbau - Google Patents
Aufbau für einen unterbauInfo
- Publication number
- EP4486587A1 EP4486587A1 EP23710963.2A EP23710963A EP4486587A1 EP 4486587 A1 EP4486587 A1 EP 4486587A1 EP 23710963 A EP23710963 A EP 23710963A EP 4486587 A1 EP4486587 A1 EP 4486587A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roof
- substructure
- load
- stanchion
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/02—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes
- B60J7/06—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with non-rigid element or elements
- B60J7/061—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with non-rigid element or elements sliding and folding
- B60J7/062—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with non-rigid element or elements sliding and folding for utility vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
- B60P7/06—Securing of load
- B60P7/08—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides
- B60P7/0876—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides using restraining net or tarpaulin in contact with the load
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/02—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes
- B60J7/04—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with rigid plate-like element or elements, e.g. open roofs with harmonica-type folding rigid panels
- B60J7/041—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with rigid plate-like element or elements, e.g. open roofs with harmonica-type folding rigid panels for utility vehicles, e.g. with slidable and foldable rigid panels
- B60J7/042—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with rigid plate-like element or elements, e.g. open roofs with harmonica-type folding rigid panels for utility vehicles, e.g. with slidable and foldable rigid panels with a vertical lifting or folding movement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/02—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes
- B60J7/04—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of sliding type, e.g. comprising guide shoes with rigid plate-like element or elements, e.g. open roofs with harmonica-type folding rigid panels
- B60J7/057—Driving or actuating arrangements e.g. manually operated levers or knobs
- B60J7/0573—Driving or actuating arrangements e.g. manually operated levers or knobs power driven arrangements, e.g. electrical
- B60J7/0576—Driving or actuating arrangements e.g. manually operated levers or knobs power driven arrangements, e.g. electrical fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/08—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position
- B60J7/16—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position non-foldable and rigid, e.g. a one-piece hard-top or a single rigid roof panel
- B60J7/1607—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position non-foldable and rigid, e.g. a one-piece hard-top or a single rigid roof panel for covering load areas, e.g. rigid panels for pick-up truck beds
- B60J7/1614—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position non-foldable and rigid, e.g. a one-piece hard-top or a single rigid roof panel for covering load areas, e.g. rigid panels for pick-up truck beds with a vertical lifting movement maintaining the inclination of the roof or panel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J7/00—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs
- B60J7/08—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position
- B60J7/16—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position non-foldable and rigid, e.g. a one-piece hard-top or a single rigid roof panel
- B60J7/1607—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position non-foldable and rigid, e.g. a one-piece hard-top or a single rigid roof panel for covering load areas, e.g. rigid panels for pick-up truck beds
- B60J7/1621—Non-fixed roofs; Roofs with movable panels, e.g. rotary sunroofs of non-sliding type, i.e. movable or removable roofs or panels, e.g. let-down tops or roofs capable of being easily detached or of assuming a collapsed or inoperative position non-foldable and rigid, e.g. a one-piece hard-top or a single rigid roof panel for covering load areas, e.g. rigid panels for pick-up truck beds hinged on one side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
- B60P7/06—Securing of load
- B60P7/08—Securing to the vehicle floor or sides
- B60P7/0807—Attachment points
- B60P7/0815—Attachment rails or trellis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D39/00—Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs
- B61D39/001—Tiltable roofs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D39/00—Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs
- B61D39/006—Opening and closing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/02—Platforms; Open load compartments
- B62D33/0207—Connections of movable or detachable racks or stanchions to platforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
- B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
- B65D88/122—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport with access from above
- B65D88/124—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport with access from above closable top
- B65D88/125—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport with access from above closable top by flexible element, e.g. canvas
Definitions
- the invention relates to a body for a substructure, such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container, comprising a body and an openable roof, the roof being displaceable at the edge along two longitudinal beams of the body, the roof being in a closed position state closes a roof opening between the two longitudinal members, with the roof in an open state largely releasing the roof opening between the two longitudinal members, with each longitudinal member being supported in a height-adjustable manner relative to the substructure via at least one lifting arrangement, the superstructure body depending on a height adjustment of the lifting arrangement the height of the substructure can be adjusted at least, with at least one lifting drive being provided, which moves the body of the superstructure together with the roof in relation to the height of the substructure.
- a body for a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container, comprising a body and an openable roof, the roof being displaceable at the edge along two longitudinal beams of the body,
- the invention also relates to a method for compressing a load which can be introduced into a loading space of a substructure, such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck or container, and a method for compressing a compressible load which has an upper opening of a substructure survives, the substructure having a structure with an openable roof.
- a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck or container
- the cargo arrives at its destination completely dry in order to prevent spoilage, for example due to the formation of mold.
- the load must be covered as prescribed on the one hand and covered so tightly on the other that the load is protected from rain and weather.
- the vehicle to be moved, in which the cargo is picked up must not exceed a maximum overall height, so that transport, for example, under bridges or through a tunnel is possible.
- the load In order to make better use of the loading space, in practice the load is piled up above the upper opening, so that a cover does not completely enclose the load. When driving on uneven ground, the load is shaken and gradually collapses.
- the disadvantage here is that superfluous routes have to be driven before a level permitted for ferry operations on public roads is reached. There is also a risk that either the cargo protrudes further over the upper opening and is distributed in the airflow, or that the cargo space is not used optimally.
- An agricultural trailer is known from practice, which has an articulated, pivotable wing in an upper region of a side wall. Both opposite wings comprise a support frame in which a net or tarpaulin is located.
- the wings can each be pivoted hydraulically so that they lie flat on a load, sometimes overlapping one another.
- the disadvantage is that the load cannot be compressed by the wings or by the net.
- Another disadvantage is that the cargo is not completely covered, so it can get wet when it rains.
- a roll-up throw net designed as a cover net is known from practice, which covers a load above a substructure, such as a trailer. Due to the light net material, the load is not intended to be compressed. Furthermore, the load is protected from the weather, such as B. rain, not protected.
- Load securing systems are known from practice in which a large airbag that can be filled is arranged in the roof area, which fills empty spaces above the load after being filled with air and thus prevents the load from moving.
- DE 202 15675 U1 shows a structure for a substructure, such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container, comprising a structure body and an openable roof, the roof being displaceable at the edge along two longitudinal beams of the structure body, the roof in closes a roof opening between the two longitudinal members in a closed state, with the roof in an open state largely releasing the roof opening between the two longitudinal members, with each longitudinal member being supported in a height-adjustable manner relative to the substructure via at least one lifting arrangement, with the superstructure body depending on a height adjustment of the Lifting arrangement relative to the substructure is adjustable at least in terms of its height, with at least one lifting drive being provided which moves the superstructure body together with the roof relative to the substructure in terms of height.
- a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container
- DE 10 2013 201 000 A1 shows an openable roof for a substructure, the roof being displaceable at the edge along two longitudinal members, the roof closing a roof opening between the two longitudinal members when it is closed, the roof closing the roof opening between the two longitudinal members when it is open both longitudinal members mostly releases.
- DE 10 2014 111 765 A1 shows a structure for a substructure, such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or Container comprising a structural body and a raisable roof, the roof having two longitudinal members at the edge, the longitudinal members being supported in a height-adjustable manner relative to the substructure via at least one lifting arrangement, the structural body being at least height-adjustable in relation to the substructure as a function of a height adjustment of the lifting arrangement relative to the substructure is adjustable, with at least one lifting drive being provided, which shifts the height of the structural body together with the roof in relation to the substructure.
- a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or Container
- the roof having two longitudinal members at the edge, the longitudinal members being supported in a height-adjustable manner relative to the substructure via at least one lifting arrangement, the structural body being at least height-adjustable in relation to the substructure as a function of a height adjustment
- WO 2019 185 093 A1 shows a structure for a substructure, such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container, comprising a structure body and an openable roof, the roof being displaceable along two longitudinal members of the structure body at the edge, the roof in a closed state, a roof opening between the two longitudinal members closes, the roof in an open state, the roof opening between the two longitudinal members is largely free.
- a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container
- the load securing unit comprises two displaceable vertical columns, each of which is arranged in a front area of the substructure.
- a so-called press frame is mounted on the two opposite columns, the press frame having slidable bows which can be adjusted as a template for holding down the load.
- the disadvantage is that the load securing unit does not have an opening roof, so loading from above is not possible. There is also no compression of the load, rather the load is pressed from above against the bottom of the substructure and is thereby prevented from moving within the substructure.
- DE 20 2016 004 557 U1 shows a structure for a substructure, such as a Trailer intended for the transport of agricultural crops in which a load is covered from above by a load securing device.
- the structure includes a horizontal support frame with a cover, such as a net or a tarpaulin.
- the support frame also includes lifting means that can move the support frame in a vertical direction so that a load can be covered.
- the disadvantage is that the load cannot be compressed by the network.
- Another disadvantage is that the cargo is not completely covered, so it can get wet when it rains.
- DE 196 37 907 A1 shows a structure for a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container, comprising a structure body and a non-openable closed roof, the roof being arranged between two longitudinal members, the longitudinal members over at least one lifting arrangement is supported in a height-adjustable manner in relation to the substructure, the superstructure body being adjustable at least in terms of its height as a function of a height adjustment of the lifting arrangement relative to the substructure, with at least one electrohydraulic lifting drive being provided which, together with the roof, lifts the superstructure body relative to the substructure in the Height shifted, wherein the lifting drive applies a force to compress a load projecting over the substructure in the substructure by the superstructure body with the closed roof against the bias of the protruding load can be lowered onto the substructure and the load is thereby compressed.
- a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container
- DE 1 963 042 A shows a structure for a substructure, such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container, comprising a structure body and a raisable roof, the roof being arranged between two longitudinal members, the longitudinal members having at least a lifting arrangement is supported in a height-adjustable manner relative to the substructure, the body of the superstructure being adjustable at least in terms of its height as a function of a height adjustment of the lifting arrangement relative to the substructure, with at least one lifting drive being provided, which moves the superstructure together with the roof in relation to the substructure in height, with the lifting drive (hydraulic pressure cylinder) applying a force for compressing a load protruding over the substructure in the substructure by the superstructure with the closed roof against the pretension of the protruding load can be lowered onto the substructure.
- a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container
- this object is achieved by a structure and a method having the features of an independent claim.
- a structure for an underbody such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, rail car, dump truck or container.
- the body comprises a body and an openable roof, the roof being displaceable at the edge along two longitudinal members of the body, the roof closing a roof opening between the two longitudinal members in a closed state, the roof closing the roof opening between the two longitudinal members in an open state predominantly releases, with each longitudinal beam being supported in a height-adjustable manner in relation to the substructure via at least one lifting arrangement, with the superstructure body being adjustable at least in terms of its height as a function of a height adjustment of the lifting arrangement relative to the substructure, with at least one lifting drive being provided which drives the superstructure body together with the The height of the roof has been shifted in relation to the substructure.
- the structure is characterized in that the lifting drive applies a force to compress a load protruding over the substructure into the substructure, in that the superstructure body can be lowered onto the substructure together with the closed roof against the pretension of the protruding load.
- This advantageously achieves that the often prescribed cover of the substructure for road transport and the maximum permissible height in road traffic are observed.
- the load is subjected to a precisely defined force from above and thus compressed, and on the other hand, an exact maximum height of the substructure with the superstructure is always guaranteed.
- the openable roof which is arranged or stretched in the center of the superstructure, absorbs the forces that arise when the cargo is compressed. Although the openable roof is a movable roof, this openable roof manages to compress the cargo.
- Agricultural bulk goods such as grain, silage, compost, hay, straw etc. can be considered as cargo.
- loads with a relatively low density such as insulating materials, paper and cardboard, can also be transported and compressed, since the structure is generally used to compress, compress and hold down the load.
- Another advantage is that the body can be completely locked, so that the load is always protected from rain, wind and other weather conditions.
- the roof expediently takes up more than half, preferably more than three quarters and particularly preferably more than four fifths of the surface of the superstructure. This is preferably achieved in that the roof can be displaced between the longitudinal beams. It is possible for the roof to include more than one roof segment for this purpose. The roof segments can also be moved in opposite directions in order to open the roof.
- the surface of the closed roof expediently corresponds approximately or completely to the surface of the upper opening of the substructure, so that the roof has the forces for compressing the protruding load. This distinguishes the openable roof from inspection flaps or the like.
- the superstructure body of the superstructure expediently forms a preferably rigid one Frame within which the roof can be opened and closed.
- the frame includes the two longitudinal beams, but also other parts, such as traverses, etc., which give the frame stability.
- tarpaulins or other covering elements can also hang down from the superstructure body, which hang down, for example, inside or preferably outside the substructure, in order to advantageously cover the area between the substructure and longitudinal beam (when the superstructure body is raised) to close or seal.
- a side tarpaulin is attached between the longitudinal beam and the substructure, e.g. buttoned or arranged in the manner of a sliding curtain over tarpaulin suspension roller bodies in order to allow an opening.
- the side tarpaulin folds when the superstructure is lowered. It is possible to form the side tarpaulin as an elastically extensible web material, which then applies a restoring force component to the structure in the lowering direction.
- the side tarpaulin can be designed in the manner of a bellows in order to achieve a defined unfolding and folding again. It is possible to leave the tarpaulin hanging in the substructure while the substructure is being filled and only pull it out of the substructure when the body of the superstructure is raised so that the load can be guided into the substructure.
- the web material of the side tarpaulin extends to approximately the level of the floor of the substructure or up to the loading platform when the body or body is lowered, so that the side tarpaulin can be fastened in a known manner with belts and hooks.
- each side tarpaulin covers one wall of the substructure.
- Each of the two longitudinal beams is preferably supported in a height-adjustable manner relative to the substructure via at least two stanchions.
- the longitudinal beam can be raised parallel to the substructure or can be raised to different extents at its two ends.
- the stanchions expediently have a lower part of the stanchion assigned to the substructure and an upper part of the stanchion that is displaceable relative to the lower part of the stanchion and is assigned to the longitudinal beam.
- one of the two stanchion parts guides the other in the manner of a linear guide, as is known in the case of so-called sliding stanchions.
- the lifting drive is designed as a stanchion drive or comprises a stanchion drive which shifts the height of at least one upper part of the stanchion relative to the associated lower part of the stanchion.
- the longitudinal member can be advantageously raised and lowered by the stanchion drive, with the stanchion drive applying a force when lowering to compress a load protruding beyond the substructure into the substructure, in that the superstructure body and in particular the closed roof counteract the pretension of the protruding load over the Substructure can be lowered until the structure reaches the substructure.
- a stanchion is expediently arranged in each corner area of the substructure.
- each of the four stanchions preferably has its own stanchion drive.
- the advantage is that the height of each stanchion can be individually adjusted so that a user can individually set both the vertical position of the stanchion and a defined lifting force that the respective stanchion delivers.
- the body can also be shifted by the stanchion drives so that it assumes an angle to the horizontal, for example by only one of the two longitudinal members being raised, or the longitudinal members are only raised at one end.
- stanchions at positions other than the corners of the substructure.
- Each of the stanchion drives can preferably be actuated independently of the other stanchion drives. It is advantageous for a user that the height of each stanchion is adjusted precisely via its own stanchion drive can be. This makes it possible for the user to set a defined lifting force and a defined vertical position for each stanchion.
- stanchions of a longitudinal member and preferably all stanchions assigned to the superstructure can be moved simultaneously in height.
- an auto-home function which always moves the stanchions to a defined starting position when activated, so that all stanchions have the same height. The advantage is that tilting or blockage is always prevented, which means that the structure works reliably, requires little maintenance, is quiet and has a long service life.
- the lifting drive is expediently selected from the group consisting of pneumatic drives, hydraulic drives, electric drives, spindle drives, rack and pinion gear drives, cable drives, driven scissor kinematics, driven link kinematics and combinations of the above.
- the drives mentioned above are particularly suitable for a stanchion drive. Accordingly, the structure and the stanchion are characterized by increased flexibility.
- the driven link kinematics can be designed as multi-joint kinematics, for example by assigning a four-bar arrangement with two links to the body, for example each longitudinal member, with each of the two links articulated at a lower end to the substructure or to a part assigned to the substructure is connected, and wherein each of the two links is articulated at a lower end to the substructure or a part associated with the substructure, and each of the two links is articulated at an upper end to the body or a part associated with the body, in particular respectively a longitudinal beam.
- the four-bar arrangement pivots the entire structure upwards and at the same time into an area a little way outside of the substructure, so that the area in which the folded roof is provided is advantageously shifted away from an upper opening of the substructure at the same time, without the longitudinal member for this protrudes over the substructure when ready to drive.
- the superstructure body can be held in a raised state above the level of the lowered state without the need for locking.
- the superstructure is transferred here by pivoting upwards, the height of which depends on the length of the link, and thus enables the protruding load to be driven over in a favorable manner. If the links are assigned to the short sides of the superstructure and substructure, the superstructure can be placed next to a side wall of the substructure in the open state, for example by pivoting by preferably 90° or 270°.
- the driven link kinematics can be in the form of parallelogram link kinematics, for example by assigning a parallelogram link arrangement with two links to the structure, for example to each longitudinal member, with each of the two links being articulated at a lower end to the substructure or is connected to a part associated with the substructure, and wherein each of the two links is articulated at a lower end to the substructure or to a part associated with the substructure, and each of the two links is articulated at an upper end to the body or to a part associated with the body Part is connected, in particular a longitudinal beam.
- the lifting movement is advantageously given by the first half of the pivoting about the lower link axles, which is followed by a shift into a parking position by the second half of the pivoting about the lower link axles.
- the body In the parking position, the body is conveniently placed back on the substructure, so that the body of the body does not stand in the way of loading and at the same time no locking is required in the raised position.
- the links are long enough, for example up to half the length of the side wall of the substructure, in any case longer than one tenth and preferably longer than one seventh of the length of the side wall of the substructure, a high apex of the pivoting movement is achieved, which means that the overhang of the Cargo can be driven over the upper opening.
- the closing of the roof is expedient when the pivoting movement of the superstructure has reached its zenith, since in the parking position the protruding load is in the way of closing the roof.
- a favorable variant provides, for example, for the stanchion to have two mutually guided lower stanchion parts and upper stanchion parts, which only permit vertical reciprocal displacement.
- the stanchion drive shifts the upper part of the stanchion, which is connected or coupled to the longitudinal beam, in relation to the lower part of the stanchion, which is connected to the substructure or a chassis, so that the drive can extend or retract the stanchion.
- the stanchion drive can advantageously be a pneumatic or hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, one end of which is connected to the lower part of the stanchion and the other end to the upper part of the stanchion, in order to be able to apply both compressive forces (e.g. for lifting) and tensile forces (e.g. for lowering). .
- a hydraulic drive is particularly preferred since it travels a defined path without slipping.
- a spindle drive in which a spindle rod is assigned to one of the lower part and upper part of the stanchion and a spindle nut is assigned to the other part of the lower stanchion and upper part of the stanchion, and the spindle rod is driven by an electric motor.
- the solution with a spindle drive requires little setup effort and enables simple control via the electric motor.
- a motor assigned to one of the two stanchion parts, stanchion bottom part and stanchion top part can mesh with a gear wheel along a toothed rack or perforation assigned to the other of the two stanchion parts and thus shift the two stanchion parts mutually in height.
- the driven scissors kinematics include, for example, a scissors table, which is arranged in the area of at least one edge between the substructure and the body, for example on the front wall and/or on the rear wall of the substructure, as a result of which the superstructure body can be raised or lowered in the area of the end of the longitudinal members.
- a scissor table can also be provided between the side wall of the substructure and the longitudinal beam.
- the upper table of the scissor table is formed by the structural body.
- the raising or lowering of the scissor table can be achieved in an advantageous manner by means of a linear drive, which axially displaces one end of the scissors.
- the drive can be provided in the area of the structural body, but is preferably arranged in the area of the substructure for better accessibility.
- the scissor table it is possible to arrange the scissor table not on top of the base, but on the bottom of the base. Although this increases the height of the scissor table, the resulting translation can also introduce a greater force into the structural body.
- the longitudinal beam is connected to the lifting drive in each case via a coupling kinematics that enables tolerance compensation.
- the advantage of coupling kinematics with integrated tolerance compensation is that tilting is prevented when the roof is adjusted in height.
- the coupling kinematics can be used to compensate for the path that occurs due to the difference in height, for example, between the front stanchions and the rear stanchions, when the body is in an inclined position, and canting can be effectively avoided.
- the coupling kinematics is selected from the group consisting of ball joints, joint connectors, elongated hole-pin combinations, bolt-eye combinations, hinges and combinations thereof.
- Robust and reliable component elements are used to ensure the functionality of the coupling kinematics. Furthermore, these are low-maintenance and inexpensive and are characterized by a high product durability.
- the coupling kinematics must also be able to transfer tensile forces if the body is to be pulled onto the substructure against the restoring force of the overhanging load.
- Ball joints are particularly useful for this purpose, since they can also compensate for an inclination of the superstructure relative to the substructure.
- the openable roof comprises a tarpaulin.
- a tarpaulin is inexpensive, light and easy to attach or can be replaced quickly and easily and is weatherproof.
- a tarpaulin can be flexibly and flexibly arranged individually on the structure and flexibly folded or rolled up.
- the tarpaulin with a closed roof of the body advantageously protects the load from rain, wind and other weather influences, so that the load always arrives dry at its destination.
- the openable roof comprises a mesh panel.
- the netting is also inexpensive, light and easy to attach or replace quickly and easily, and is sufficient to compress the load, depending on the mesh size.
- a mesh panel can be flexibly and flexibly arranged individually on the structure and flexibly folded or roll up.
- the openable roof comprises a sheet-like cover which has a high tear resistance.
- the sheet-like cover can also consist of expanded metal or other inelastic components that do not yield under the load of the lifting drive.
- the tarpaulin is preferably connected to each of the two longitudinal beams via a plurality of bows, each with a slide at the end. So that the tarpaulin can be opened and closed like an accordion, for example, it is connected to the bows.
- the tarpaulin can thus advantageously be displaced in a simple manner along the longitudinal beams by means of the bows.
- Such folding roofs, in which the tarpaulin is connected to the side members in a displaceable manner via bows are known and have a high resistance to dynamic loads in ferry operations.
- the robust construction of the folding roof also enables the absorption of forces that occur when compressing the load protruding through the open upper opening of the substructure, so that, contrary to all expectations, a body with a sliding roof allows the load to be compressed.
- the adjacent bows are each coupled to one another via tarpaulin folding aids which raise the tarpaulin when the folding roof is pushed together. It is possible that the tarpaulin folding aids are in turn equipped with a lifting bow, which further improves the tarpaulin folding.
- the bows can be formed from two telescoping bow halves, which have a certain amount of play, for example via a slot and a connecting pin, with which they can change the length with which they adapt to the increased distance between the longitudinal beams when the longitudinal beam is raised and a can adjust lowered side members.
- it can further be provided in a favorable manner that the carriages are connected to the bow via joints, as a result of which the carriages do not change their position relative to the longitudinal beam, but rather the bow is adjusted relative to the carriage.
- the openable roof has a plurality of roof elements coupled to one another, which can be folded together like an accordion to open the roof and, lying next to one another, close the roof opening when the roof is closed.
- roof elements are that they have a higher rigidity, which means that the roof elements can absorb even higher forces without being able to bend significantly.
- roof elements as well as side wall elements offer a higher protection against burglary.
- Each side member expediently comprises a side member base part which is assigned to the lifting drive and a side member guide part which is assigned to the roof. Furthermore, the side member guide part is displaceable at least in a direction transverse to the extension of the side member with respect to the side member base part.
- the lifting drive includes an overload protection that prevents the superstructure from being closed with a force that exceeds a threshold value for the load on the roof. This advantageously avoids damage to the stanchion drive and the roof. In the event that the load is less compressible than assumed, or has already been compressed once and therefore cannot can be further compressed as often as desired, this prevents the lifting drive from being overloaded and the opening roof, which is supposed to be the weakest link in the structure, from being damaged.
- the overload protection is preferably selected from the group consisting of a slipping clutch, a pressure sensor, a torque limiter, a current limiter, a temperature switch, a pressure-limiting valve, a safety clutch and combinations thereof.
- the components mentioned above ensure in an economical way that the overload protection works reliably, robustly and requires little maintenance.
- the overload protection can be designed, for example, in such a way that a slipping clutch is provided between the output shaft of the motor and the driven part. If the force required to lower the body is too high, the slipping clutch will slip and the displacement of the pillar parts will stop.
- a distance sensor is provided which emits a signal when the roof is fully lowered. In this way, a user can immediately find out when the roof is completely lowered, even when visibility is poor, for example at night or due to the height of the structure. This information is important to avoid cargo escaping and/or exceeding the maximum ride height.
- a locking arrangement which mutually locks the lifting drive or the parts displaced relatively by the lifting drive, for example the upper part of the stanchion in relation to the lower part of the stanchion, particularly when the roof or the superstructure is completely lowered or when the roof or the Structure body is raised in at least partially.
- the locking arrangement helps to keep the load down permanently and thus prevent it from slipping.
- the drive can be switched off after reaching the substructure without the roof being lifted again by the compressed load like a spring. Furthermore, shocks are not introduced into the stanchion drive while driving.
- the locking arrangement can also be designed to be electrically actuated, so that the control only switches off the engine after locking and before moving the stanchion parts only allows the locking arrangement to disengage, for example via a locking pin that is actuated by a magnet.
- the controller advantageously provides that, in order to release the locking pin, the structural body is first displaced a little far in the opposite direction to the planned displacement direction.
- a roof drive is expediently assigned to the roof, which allows the roof to be opened and closed.
- the roof drive advantageously includes a motor so that a user can quickly and easily open and close the roof. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the drive can be remotely controlled.
- the two longitudinal beams are connected to one another in the region of at least one of their ends by a traverse element that is preferably variable in length.
- a traverse element that is preferably variable in length. This advantageously avoids tilting and/or possible damage to the structure. It is possible to design the traverse element to be telescopic, so that it can follow an inclined position of the structure and the associated change in length. It goes without saying that a traverse element can also be coupled to the longitudinal beams at both of its ends.
- the roof is designed to be collapsible to open. Furthermore, the folded roof can be pushed together in an end region of the longitudinal members, releasing the roof opening, and the folded roof also projects upwards relative to the longitudinal members. This is advantageously a largest possible opening released for a hold to simplify filling of the hold. Furthermore, during the opening process, the roof is shifted away from the cargo in an upward direction, so that the roof becoming tangled with the cargo or any damage to the roof is advantageously avoided. It is possible to enlarge the roof opening if the longitudinal beams have an axial overhang over the substructure in the area of which the tarpaulin is pushed. The axial overhang can also be achieved by a telescoping side member or by a side member add-on part that is attached to the side member to extend it axially, if necessary.
- the roof is designed to be foldable for opening.
- the folded roof can be pushed together in an end region of the longitudinal members, releasing the roof opening, with the folded roof protruding downward in relation to the longitudinal members.
- the largest possible opening of the loading space is advantageously released.
- the roof is now shifted in one direction toward the load, so that the opened roof now protrudes downwards.
- the structure can also be used in very tight spaces, for example in a building such as a hall or barn.
- the roof protruding downwards can be equipped at least in sections with tool elements, for example in the manner of a rake, in order to superficially mix and/or evenly distribute the load.
- the height-adjustable body can be raised in order to open or close the roof, so that the roof protruding from the side members does not collide with the load.
- the components of the roof rest on the longitudinal members and are well supported when the body is lowered by the lifting drive, so that the load is compressed particularly effectively and the parts of the roof are protected.
- the downwardly protruding roof has a net sheet or alternatively a sheet-like tarpaulin that can hang down loosely and that is preferably braced against the longitudinal beams by bows. It is possible to attach the netting to the bows so that the bows take it with them when the roof is closed.
- the netting can also be wound up on a roll of the superstructure.
- the superstructure By raising the superstructure, not only is the protruding load advantageously built over, but the folded roof is pulled out of the load at the same time.
- the openable roof made of roof elements folded like an accordion can also protrude downwards.
- the upper tarpaulin absorbing no forces for compressing the load and can therefore be made light.
- the upper tarpaulin can be connected to an end run part of the roof so that it is carried along when the roof is closed.
- the roller can be biased, for example, with a spring in the winding direction.
- the lifting drive to actively compress the load, in that the lifting drive introduces a force directed downwards via the structural body, in particular into the roof.
- the lifting drive it is also possible for the lifting drive to raise the body of the body, if necessary against the pretension of a spring device such as a coil spring or a compressible gas spring, and for the body of the body to be under the load of its own mass, or in the case of a spring device additionally under the restoring force of the spring device the load is compressed during its lowering movement in the direction of the substructure.
- the lifting drive can be actuated by motor, but also by hand, in order to raise the superstructure.
- the mass or the restoring force of the spring device are then dimensioned in such a way that they are sufficient for compressing the load. It can happen that the lowering of the superstructure onto the empty substructure causes a violent impact caused.
- the structural body has an attachment for a manual tensioning device, for example an eccentric lever device or a knee-lever device or a cable laid over a block and tackle, with the structural body being opened by actuating the manual tensioning device in Direction is slidable on the substructure.
- a manual tensioning device for example an eccentric lever device or a knee-lever device or a cable laid over a block and tackle
- the structural body being opened by actuating the manual tensioning device in Direction is slidable on the substructure.
- a motor and the associated electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic lines can be dispensed with.
- the superstructure is lowered together with the roof by the manual tensioning device - and possibly also raised.
- the rope can be operated with the block and tackle via a pulley with a crank, but it is also possible to use a portable drive such as a cordless screwdriver for this purpose, or the winch of a towing vehicle that is already available.
- the eccentric lever device or the knee lever device can also be used to lock the structural body against the substructure.
- the substructure also expediently has an attachment for the manual tensioning device, so that tensioning between the substructure and the body of the superstructure is made possible.
- the manual tensioning device can also be permanently connected to the respective attachment.
- the superstructure is expediently used for compacting cargo, in particular crops, protruding above the substructure.
- Crops are understood to mean, for example, bulk materials such as grain, silage, compost and straw and the like. Overall, these have a relatively low density, as a result of which they can on the one hand be compressed by means of the structure and on the other hand be held down. Other goods mentioned above can also be considered as cargo.
- a method of compressing a compressible load overhanging an upper opening of a substructure, the substructure having an openable roof structure comprising the steps of: raising the structure with the roof open opposite the substructure; closing the roof above the top opening and above the overhanging cargo; and lowering the body with the roof closed while compressing the load until the body reaches the base and the top opening of the base is closed.
- the above method can be repeated several times, whereby a process of compressing cargo leads to the fact that cavities within the cargo can be reduced, whereby the cargo space of a substructure is used to the greatest possible extent. This has the advantage that transport is economical, efficient and safe.
- the method also makes it possible to close the upper opening of a substructure, in which the load protrudes over the upper opening, and a shifting of the roof below the load, which means that the load is pushed away over the substructure and thus a loss of load, to avoid.
- the structure can be raised with the roof open so that it can then be closed completely and without resistance or loss of the load without colliding with the protruding load.
- the roof can be closed as smoothly as with an unloaded substructure.
- the superstructure with the roof closed is then moved in the direction of the substructure, similar to a press ram, whereby essentially the openable roof area compresses the load and the volume of the substructure is filled with load in a particularly compact manner.
- the lifting and/or the superstructure is lowered with a lifting drive, which causes a height adjustment of the superstructure relative to the substructure.
- the lifting drive advantageously provides both the force for raising the structure and the force for compressing the load. Accordingly, high forces can be applied and a high degree of compression of the load can be achieved.
- the lifting drive can be designed as described above.
- the structure comprises two longitudinal members arranged on either side of the upper opening.
- the openable structure includes a collapsible roof, which is slidable along the two side members.
- This favors a simple and reliable construction, so that the largest possible opening can be released, whereby a load can be filled into the substructure from above in a simple and quick manner.
- this advantageously promotes reliable opening and reliable closing of the roof.
- the body, including the side members can thus be raised relative to the substructure, with the side members resting on the side walls of the substructure when the body is lowered.
- the longitudinal members have a recessed, longitudinally extending groove which is adapted to the thickness of the respective side wall, as a result of which the longitudinal member can be guided tightly and without a gap to the substructure.
- each longitudinal member can be adjusted by at least two stanchions with respect to the substructure.
- the advantage is that the dead weight of a side member is distributed over at least two stanchions, which advantageously ensures stability and even displacement of the side member.
- one stanchion is preferably coupled to the longitudinal member, so that the corner stanchions are height-adjustable. It is possible that the side wall of the substructure curves slightly upwards from the stanchions towards the middle in order to center the side member a little when lowering.
- the height of one or more of the stanchions is adjusted jointly or individually in order to raise and/or tilt the structure.
- this advantageously increases the flexibility with regard to compressing and shifting the load, since in practice a load is seldom evenly distributed directly after filling into a substructure, but rather there is at least a heap of a load in a substructure.
- it is possible to always adjust the roof according to the load.
- the joint adjustment of all stanchions enables the load to be compressed evenly during lowering. It is possible, however, to adjust only one or some of the stanchions vertically within certain limits that are predetermined in each case by a coupling kinematics.
- the stanchions assigned to one side member can raise the latter while the other side member remains in the lowered position.
- One or more of the stanchions is expediently assigned a stanchion drive as a lifting drive, which causes the vertical displacement of an upper part of the stanchion relative to a lower part of the stanchion.
- Each stanchion preferably has its own assigned stanchion drive, e.g. a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, in which one end is assigned to the lower part of the stanchion and the other end to the upper part of the stanchion.
- the two stanchion parts together define a linear guide in that one of the two stanchion parts can be displaced in the axial direction along a guideway of the other of the two stanchion parts, while in the two directions transverse to the axial direction it allows at most a small amount of play in order to enable the displacement largely without friction .
- the stanchion drive expediently shifts the structure by moving the upper part of the stanchion assigned to it in one direction onto the substructure until the load is compressed, or a Threshold for a displacement force to be absorbed by the structure is reached. This advantageously means that when the threshold value is exceeded, the compression of the load is stopped in order to avoid damage to the structure or its individual parts. If the superstructure reaches the substructure, the superstructure does not need to be lowered any further.
- the stanchion drive advantageously has a minimum force that makes it possible to withstand defined loads, as a result of which a load can be compressed.
- a threshold value that acts as a kind of limit switch for the stanchion drive, so that the displacement of a stanchion can be reliably stopped if this threshold value is reached or exceeded.
- a bolt locks the upper part of the stanchion relative to the lower part of the stanchion when the body has reached the substructure (lower end position) or when the body has reached a desired height (upper end position or intermediate position), and after locking the stanchion drive is switched off.
- the body can be locked in the lowered position and the drive shut off, saving electricity and/or energy.
- the locking can take place via a bolt which, when the body is in the lowered state, passes through aligned bores in the two stanchion parts, for example pushed forward by an electromagnetic actuator or a return spring. Before raising the roof, the bolt must be unlocked again. This further ensures that the body cannot simply be levered up by third parties when the substructure is parked.
- the lifting drive comprises at least a first, eg front, lifting drive unit and at least a second, eg rear, lifting drive unit.
- the lift drive unit is supported at one end against the substructure and at the other end against the superstructure.
- the stanchion drive of the front stanchion of a side member is the front lift drive unit and the stanchion drive of the rear stanchion is the rear lift drive unit.
- a front scissor table can be assigned to the two longitudinal beams on the front wall and a rear scissor table can be assigned to the two longitudinal beams on the rear wall.
- the first lifting drive unit can be assigned to one side member and the other lifting drive unit to the other side member.
- the first and the second lifting drive unit advantageously introduce both tensile forces and compressive forces into the substructure and the superstructure, as a result of which the raising and lowering of the superstructure is advantageously accomplished by the same lifting drive.
- the superstructure before the step of lowering the superstructure, is arranged in a horizontal plane above the substructure, that is to say essentially parallel to its upper opening. This promotes that the body presses evenly on a load from above, so that tilting is avoided, and that the load is evenly compressed.
- the body is tilted at an incline in the direction of the corresponding opening or closing movement.
- the advantage is that for opening or closing the roof, its own weight as a result of an inclined position of the body is used, which means that the roof can be opened or closed more easily.
- the substructure has a flap for unloading the substructure.
- the roof is preferably opened and/or the body is raised before the flap is opened. This allows the flap to pivot into an area that is closed off by the roof. Furthermore, the load is relaxed, making it easier to evacuate from the substructure leaves.
- a controller controls at least one of raising and lowering the body, opening and closing the roof, and opening and closing a flap of the substructure.
- An integrated control and regulation technology increases the ease of use for the user and also ensures a constant application of force and protection against incorrect operation.
- the above control and regulation technology can be designed to be remote-controlled and automated, so that, for example, railway wagons or the like are equipped with the above structure and loaded or unloaded with a load.
- a sequence of partial movements can be coordinated with one another by the controller, and the structure, the roof, the bolt and/or the flap can be moved simultaneously in a desired sequence.
- An operator can then choose between several complex functions such as "opening”, “closing” and/or "unloading", while the controller issues the appropriate control commands to the components of the superstructure and substructure.
- the step of lowering the body comprises a number of sub-steps in which the body is raised and lowered again.
- the compression of a load is advantageously repeated until a defined degree of compression is reached and a loading space is thus fully utilized. This ensures economical, safe and efficient transport. Furthermore, intermittent pressure peaks in the load lead to a more even distribution of the load in the substructure, since the load flows in the direction of lower pressure.
- the step of raising the structure with the roof open in relation to the substructure takes place after the substructure has been loaded with cargo, preferably pourable and/or free-flowing crops, preferably via the upper opening.
- cargo preferably pourable and/or free-flowing crops, preferably via the upper opening.
- the advantage is that the structure should not get in the way while the substructure is being filled, so that the substructure can be filled free of any disturbing elements.
- the superstructure can be raised with the roof open.
- the heap of cargo can be distributed by means of the roof, so that the cargo is present evenly in the substructure.
- the roof is closed and the body is lowered onto the load so that the compression process can take place. This is preferably repeated several times until the hold is completely filled in order to ensure economical and efficient transport of the load.
- the body has a load sensor that detects a pressure or other parameters of the load on the body.
- the measured values of the load sensor can be sent to the controller in order to compare them with associated threshold values.
- the speed and/or the force with which the body is lowered is preferably regulated as a function of the parameters detected by the load sensor.
- This regulation advantageously ensures reliable and very safe operation of the structure for compressing cargo and, depending on the measured value, enables the structure to be lowered onto an empty substructure faster than if this is filled or overfilled with cargo.
- the structure is advantageously suitable for automation for compressing cargo in a substructure.
- the structure has a distance sensor that detects a distance between the structure and the substructure.
- the measured values of the distance sensor can be sent to the controller in order to compare them with associated threshold values.
- the speed at which the body approaches the substructure can be reduced near the substructure.
- the measured value can be used for a signal that indicates whether the structure is at a height level is located that does not exceed the maximum construction height for road traffic.
- the distance sensor can also be used to detect a maximum height of the structure or a maximum inclination of the structure to the horizontal.
- the speed and/or the force with which the body is lowered is preferably regulated as a function of the distance detected by the distance sensor, preferably by the controller. In this respect, damage can be ruled out, as a result of which the structure can be operated reliably and safely.
- the body has a closing sensor that detects whether the roof is closed and/or whether the body is completely lowered. Participation in road traffic is not permitted with the roof open, even if the maximum height of the vehicle is observed.
- the closing sensor preferably delivers a corresponding road traffic readiness signal. The user advantageously receives a signal that tells him directly that the vehicle or the substructure is ready to drive, so that there is no time-consuming checking of the readiness to drive of a body, which saves time and money.
- All of the aforementioned sensors that relate to the state of the structure are expediently connected to the controller, which uses the measured values to regulate the process steps.
- the introduction of cargo into the cargo space of the substructure is preferably provided as a separate step. This step may occur before or after the step of raising the body with the roof open.
- the open roof allows cargo to be brought into the cargo area, even when the body is resting on the substructure. If the load does not protrude over the top opening of the substructure, the roof can be closed without lifting the superstructure. But it is also possible to raise the structure before the load is brought into the loading space of the substructure. The latter solution is particularly advantageous when lifting the roof means that the folded part of the roof no longer partially closes the upper opening.
- the first step is to open the roof while the body is still closed.
- a method for compressing a load that can be brought into a loading space of a substructure such as a truck, trailer, semi-trailer, railway wagon, dump truck, or container.
- the method includes an openable roof made of weather-resistant material, which is at least partially opened so that the cargo space of the substructure is accessible. Then the load is brought into the loading space of the substructure.
- the method also includes two longitudinal members, which are each supported on at least one stanchion and which are connected to the roof, with the roof being displaceable along the two longitudinal members, being raised by at least one stanchion drive, so that at least one of the two longitudinal members is at least partially above of the cargo placed in the cargo space of the substructure.
- the roof is then closed and the stanchion drive moves the side members in a downward direction so that the roof compresses the load and keeps it under tension.
- a load is compressed from above and, if necessary, held down during transport, as a result of which the method and the structure have two significant advantages.
- a loading space is used to the maximum, so that transport is always economical and efficient, and on the other hand, the load can participate in road traffic without loss with a cover that enables safe transport.
- the closed roof provides optimal weather protection, so that the load always arrives dry.
- the roof is expediently raised and/or lowered in an at least partially open position.
- the roof is conveniently raised and/or lowered in a fully closed position. For a user, this advantageously offers increased flexibility, since the superstructure and the roof can be relocated in any situation.
- the roof comprises a tarpaulin.
- a tarpaulin can be attached to or exchanged from a convertible top frame relatively easily.
- a tarpaulin has a low dead weight, and a tarpaulin is flexible, pliable and foldable like an accordion.
- a tarpaulin is also easy to clean and reusable.
- the tarpaulin is expediently made of a weather-resistant material.
- the tarpaulin must be made of a robust and weather-resistant material so that the cargo is protected from moisture, rain, snow and other weather influences and weather influences.
- the tarpaulin is connected to each of the two longitudinal beams via a plurality of bows, each with a slide at the end. So that the tarpaulin can be opened and closed like an accordion, for example, it is connected to bows.
- the tarpaulin can thus advantageously be displaced in a simple manner along the longitudinal beams by means of the bows.
- the tarpaulin is connected to each of the two longitudinal beams via a plurality of bows, each with rollers at the ends.
- rollers can be used instead of slides, which are both reliable and robust. Rollers have the advantage that they are less sensitive to jamming with free-flowing bulk material. As a rule, the carriages have several rollers.
- the tarpaulin during an opening process of the Roof is folded, and is unfolded in a closing operation.
- the tarpaulin is advantageously folded or unfolded like an accordion. This favors reliable opening and closing of the tarpaulin.
- opening the roof includes folding the roof
- closing the roof includes unfolding the roof.
- the folding can be done by folding a tarpaulin, but it can also be provided in place of the tarpaulin, or instead of a flexible roof, several roof parts that can be folded together like an accordion are provided.
- the tarpaulin is made of a cut-resistant material.
- a chopped crop such as corn silage, can have sharp edges, which could result in the tarpaulin material being punctured or cut. Therefore, the tarpaulin consists of a tear-resistant and cut-resistant material.
- the tarpaulin comprises a cut-resistant material at least in sections.
- the tarpaulin cannot necessarily be made entirely of a cut-resistant material, but only in the sections in which contact with the harvested crop can occur.
- the tarpaulin is a combination of several layers of material.
- a combination of several layers of material is used. These can at least be sewn and/or glued together.
- the longevity of the tarpaulin is increased by means of a composite, in particular when the tarpaulin rubs against the load during an opening or closing process.
- the load is optimally sealed and protected from rain and other weather influences by means of the robust tarpaulin.
- the lifting drive is expediently designed as a linear movement drive which can dynamically raise and lower a respective longitudinal member at least in sections.
- the lifting drive offers exact positioning and individually adjustable speed ranges for moving the respective longitudinal member.
- a user can, for example, specify a speed profile both for raising and for lowering a longitudinal member, so that, for example, the longitudinal member is displaced or braked at a reduced speed in an area of an end stop.
- the lifting drive advantageously has a so-called soft-close system, as a result of which the displacement of the longitudinal member is damped just before an end stop is reached.
- the lifting drive is preferably driven hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically.
- the advantage is that the above types of lifting drive can be automated on the one hand and can withstand high loads on the other.
- the lifting drive is advantageously automated via limit switches which, when activated, stop a movement process of the lifting drive, for example.
- Limit switches are arranged at precisely defined positions with specific distances in the structure, so that a defined travel path of a lifting drive can always be registered, controlled and regulated via the limit switches. Thus, a displacement of the side members is always exact, robust and reliable.
- the lifting drive is integrated in the stanchion. It is particularly important to ensure that the lifting drive does not come into contact with the load in order to avoid damage to the lifting drive.
- the lifting drive is advantageously arranged in a dustproof and watertight housing. Furthermore, integration into a stanchion ensures a compact structure, so that the loading space can be used to the maximum in order to transport cargo economically and efficiently.
- the lifting drive can be retracted and extended telescopically. Overall, this increases the compactness of the entire structure and the lifting drive can withstand very high forces.
- the telescoping drive can also be provided outside of the substructure, for example in the area of the front wall or the rear wall of the substructure, and then be supported, for example, on a part supporting the substructure, such as the axles or a loading platform.
- the body is raised and/or lowered together with one of the side members.
- the body is tilted in the longitudinal direction and shifted upwards. This advantageously promotes flexibility for a user, for example when filling the substructure with harvested crops.
- the roof expediently comprises at least one end section.
- the end-running part advantageously gives the roof increased stability, making it easier to open and close. Furthermore, the roof can be locked via the end-running part.
- the structure is expediently raised and/or lowered together with the end running part. This increases flexibility with regard to bringing in and compressing cargo. Furthermore, this supports the discharging process, since disruptive components can be relocated so that charging or discharging takes place quickly.
- the roof with the end-running part preferably displaces and runs over a pile of cargo protruding over the substructure.
- the advantage is that the roof is designed so robustly on the front side that it can be moved over a heap of cargo so that it can be pushed or driven over can.
- the aim is for the load to fill the loading space evenly in order to ensure that the load has a specific center of gravity in the substructure, so that load securing is reliable and safe.
- the loading space of the substructure is optimally utilized for transporting the load.
- a preferably mechanical display indicates a fully closed position of the structure. This has the advantage for a user that he can see immediately when the body is completely closed and the vehicle or the substructure is therefore ready to drive.
- the mechanical display thus signals that the vehicle is ready to drive, in such a way that a user can immediately take note of this without wasting any time and can start transporting the load.
- the structure is simultaneously raised and/or lowered during an opening process of the roof or during a closing process of the roof.
- One advantage is the time saved, since the structure can be moved vertically and the roof can be moved simultaneously.
- Another advantage is that it is possible to design a ramp-like travel path with the roof, so that the structure can be individually adapted to a heap of cargo.
- At least one side wall which extends upwards from a loading area of the loading space is inclined in a direction towards the loading area.
- the advantage is that the load can also be compressed via the side wall. In this way, the load can also be compacted and clamped laterally. This leads to an even higher degree of compression, whereby cavities in the load are pushed back even further, and also improves lateral load securing.
- the power transmission to the structure can be increased to such an extent that it can no longer be lowered, so that preferably no additional compression is required side wall is done.
- the structure is particularly preferably designed as described above.
- Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a partially raised superstructure for a substructure with the roof closed and the tarpaulin indicated.
- Fig. 2 shows the structure of Fig. 1 without tarpaulin.
- Fig. 3 shows the assembly of Figs. 1 and 2 in a partially raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 4 shows the structure of Figures 1 to 3 in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- Fig. 5 shows the structure of Figs. 1 to 4 in a fully lowered position with the roof closed.
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a fully lowered structure for a closed roof substructure.
- Figure 7 shows the assembly of Figure 6 in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- Figure 8 shows the structure of Figures 6 and 7 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 9 shows the structure of Figures 6 to 8 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Fig. 10 shows the structure of Figs. 6 to 9 in an inclined position with the roof closed.
- Figure 11 shows the structure of Figures 6 to 10 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 12 shows a variant of the structure of Figures 6 to 11 in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- FIG. 13 shows the structure from FIG. 12 in an inclined position with the roof closed.
- Figure 14 shows the assembly of Figures 12 and 13 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 15 shows a variant of the structure of Figures 12 to 14 in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- Figure 16 shows a variant of the structure of Figure 15 in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- Figure 17 shows the assembly of Figure 16 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 18 shows the assembly of Figures 16 and 17 in a fully raised position with the roof open and an eccentric lever mechanism.
- Figure 19 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a fully raised structure for a roof-closed substructure.
- Figure 20 shows the assembly of Figure 19 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 21 shows a variant of the structure of Figures 19 and 20 in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- Figure 22 shows the assembly of Figure 21 in a fully raised position with the roof open.
- Figure 23 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a fully raised structure for a roof-closed substructure.
- FIG. 24 shows the structure from FIG. 23 in an open position.
- 25 shows a schematic front view of a bow.
- 26 shows a perspective schematic view of an arrangement of roof elements of a structure for a substructure with the roof closed and with the roof open.
- FIG. 27 shows the structure from FIG. 26 in a schematic side view.
- Fig. 28 shows a variant of the structure of Figs. 1 to 5 in a lowered position with the roof open.
- FIG 29 shows a combination of the assembly of FIGS. 1 and 16 in a rear view in a fully raised position with the roof closed.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a superstructure 1 with a structural body 1a for a substructure 2 or a trailer 2, which has wheels W for locomotion.
- the trailer 2 comprises a front wall V and an opposite rear wall R.
- the trailer 2 has a loading area 2b, which is longitudinally separated by a side wall 2d; 2e is limited.
- the side walls 2d; 2e, the front wall V and the rear wall R enclose an opening 3a which is open at the top and via which the loading space 2a can be filled with a load L.
- a vertically displaceable structure 1 which comprises a first longitudinal beam 4 and a second longitudinal beam 5 .
- the first longitudinal member 4 and the second longitudinal member 5 are connected in an area of the front wall V at the top in a respective corner area of the trailer 2 in an articulated manner via a slotted-pin combination designed as a coupling kinematics 12 .
- the first side member 4 is on a first vertically displaceable stanchion 6 in one Upper stanchion part II connected in an articulated manner and the second longitudinal beam 5 is connected in an articulated manner to a second vertically displaceable stanchion 7 in a upper stanchion part II.
- the first stanchion 6 and the second stanchion 7 each have a connection in a stanchion base I with the loading area 2b of the trailer 2, so that the first stanchion 6 and the second stanchion 7 are always arranged in a vertical position.
- each stanchion 6, 7 has its own lifting drive 10 or stanchion drive 11, as a result of which the structure 1 can be raised or lowered.
- the only schematically indicated pillar drive 11 is designed, for example, as an electric telescoping spindle rod-spindle nut unit, which forms a linear drive.
- a collapsible, openable roof 3 is arranged between the two vertically displaceable longitudinal members 4, 5, which can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal members 4, 5 in order to release the area between the two longitudinal members 4, 5, which when the body 1 is lowered is the upwardly open Corresponds to opening 3a.
- the roof 3 comprises a continuous tarpaulin 13 which is connected to bows 14 which can be displaced along the longitudinal beams 4 , 5 .
- the bows 14 each have at least one support roller and one guide roller for easier displacement along guideways of the longitudinal beams 4, 5. If the bows 14 are pushed together in an end region of the longitudinal beams 4, 5, the tarpaulin 13 folds and the upper opening 3a is largely uncovered.
- a lowerable Endlaufteil 30 is also pivotally connected, which tightens the tarpaulin 13 when lowered and also the longitudinal beams 4, 5 surrounds and stiffens. Furthermore, the bow 14 with the aid of carriage 15; 16 in the longitudinal direction of the two longitudinal beams 4, 5 displaceable.
- a foldable tarpaulin 13 connected to the displaceable bows 14 is indicated, which protects a load L from rain and other weather influences.
- the structure 1 is raised in a region of the rear wall R by the first stanchion 6 and the second stanchion 7, so that a first pivot axis A of the structure 1 is formed on the opposite front wall V.
- FIG. 1 An alternative design variant with respect to the structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 provides that the two stanchions 6; 7 are arranged in an area of the front wall V, and that the first longitudinal member 4 and the second longitudinal member 5 are connected in an area of the rear wall R at the top in a respective corner area of the trailer 2 in an articulated manner via a combination of slotted holes and pins designed as coupling kinematics 12 .
- the structure 1 in the area of the front wall V can be raised or lowered.
- FIG. 2 shows the same structure 1 as in FIG. 1 with a body 1a for a substructure 2, with the first longitudinal member 4 and the second longitudinal member 5 now at the front in an area of the front wall V on a third stanchion 8 and on a fourth stanchion 9 are connected in an articulated manner in each case by means of a stanchion upper part II.
- the substructure 2 has a total of four stanchions 6, 7, 8 and 9, which are located in the corners of the substructure 2, and which are all arranged by means of a stanchion base I in the area of the loading area 2b and preferably outside of the loading space 2a.
- the superstructure 1 has a second pivot axis B, which is formed in the area of the rear wall R of the substructure 2 .
- FIG. 3 shows, corresponding to FIG. 2, a structure 1 for a substructure 2 with an open roof 3, as a result of which a roof opening 3a is exposed.
- bows 14 are combined with the tarpaulin 13 from FIG. 1, which is not shown for reasons of clarity, along the two longitudinal beams 4, 5 into one Shifted towards the front wall V of the base 2.
- bows 14 are combined with the tarpaulin 13 from FIG. 1, which is not shown for reasons of clarity, along the two longitudinal beams 4, 5 into one Shifted towards the front wall V of the base 2.
- Bow 14 are also completely shifted in a direction towards the rear wall R of the substructure 2 to release the upper roof opening 3a.
- a flap 2c is shown in dashed lines in the rear wall R in FIG. 3, which flap can be used for unloading the substructure 2.
- the flap 2c is pivotally connected to the rear wall R, but it is possible to design the entire rear wall R as a pivotable and openable flap.
- load sensors 28 are arranged centrally between the longitudinal members 4, 5 on the tarpaulin 13 or on one of the bows 14, which are designed, for example, as pressure sensors or as strain gauges.
- the load sensors 28 detect a pressure or a force that - usually coming from the load L - is exerted on the body 1 and in particular on its sliding roof 3, so that the detected measured value can be sent to a controller 27 in which a threshold value for a maximum load on the roof 3 in the vertical direction is stored. If the threshold value is reached or exceeded, the controller 27 causes the lowering of the body 1 to end and preferably an at least slight raising of the body 1. It is also possible to reliably detect any blockages caused by obstacles in this way.
- the load sensor 28 can also be arranged in the area of the substructure 2 .
- the stanchion drive 11 includes an overload protection 19, as a
- Slip clutch is designed so that damage to the lifting drive 10 or the stanchion drive 11 can be avoided.
- the structure 1 can not be completely lowered without damage to the structure 1 occurs.
- the overload protection 19 therefore decouples the lifting drive 10 or the stanchion drive 11 from a certain force or from a certain torque, so that it spins, whereby costly damage to the lifting drive 10 or the stanchion drive 11 is avoided.
- one of the distance sensors is designated 20, which is arranged in the corner area of the substructure 2 and which records a measured value for the distance between the superstructure 1 and the substructure 2 in the area of the stanchions 6, 7, 8, 9.
- the recorded measured value is sent to a controller 27, on the one hand to determine whether the maximum permissible ride height has been reached or fallen below, and on the other hand to regulate the speed at which the body 1 is shifted in the direction of the substructure 2.
- a closing sensor is denoted by 29 , which is arranged in the corner area of the body 1 and which detects a measured value for the distance from the (open) roof 3 to a corner area of the body 1 . It is also possible to design the closing sensor 29 as a contact sensor or limit switch, which detects the presence of the end-running part 30 in the lowered closed position 31 . The recorded measured value is sent to a controller 27 in order to determine whether the roof 3 is closed and a state has thus been reached in which it is permissible to drive on the road.
- a display for example an LED, is activated or be deactivated, which indicates to a driver that there is readiness to drive.
- the lifting drive 10 or the stanchion drive 11 of the structure 1 are preferably locked by means of a bolt arrangement 21 via a displaceable bolt 25 as soon as the vehicle is ready to drive.
- the readiness to drive is distinguished by the fact that the body 1 has a fully closed position 31, as shown in FIG.
- the controller 27 sends a signal to the bolt arrangement 21, as a result of which the lifting drive 10 or the stanchion drive 11 is switched off and locked via the bolt.
- the assembly 1 cannot accidentally and/or in an undesirable situation, e.g. B. in strong winds or a change in the external pressure conditions that occur, for example, when entering a tunnel.
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of a body 1 with a body 1a for a substructure 2 or a trailer 2 according to FIG. 1, the two longitudinal beams 4; 5 are now driven by a scissor kinematic system SL in a vertically displaceable manner in relation to the substructure 2.
- the body 1 is shown in Figure 6 in a fully closed position 31 .
- the scissor mechanism SL is arranged at one end in an area of the front wall V and at the other end in an area of the rear wall R.
- a coupling kinematics 12 the two longitudinal beams 4; 5 articulated to the respective scissors kinematics SL, which is designed as a lifting scissors.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 show a body 1 raised via the scissor kinematics SL according to FIG. 6, with the roof 3 in an open position 3a in FIGS. 8 and 9 and the body 1 and the roof in FIG 3 is shown in an inclined position.
- roof 3 can be arranged completely outside of the base 2.
- the roof 3 is thus positioned behind the rear wall R above the substructure 2 in order to ensure the largest possible opening 3a for filling the substructure 2. It goes without saying that the roof 3 can also be arranged in this way in an area of the front wall V, since the two longitudinal members 4; 5 telescoping pull-out rails 4a on both of their end faces; 5a.
- FIG. 12 shows a scissor mechanism SL, which is located outside the flap 2c.
- the flap 2c can thus be opened and closed without obstacles, as a result of which free access to the loading space 2a of the substructure 2 is released when the flap 2c is open.
- the rear wall R can also be in the form of a pivotable flap or at least a door which can provide access to the loading space 2a of the substructure 2 .
- the shortened scissor kinematics SL from FIG. 12, which is arranged in an area above the rear wall, is designed in accordance with the scissor kinematics SL from FIG.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 the body 1 is shown in a horizontal position 26 raised by the scissor kinematics SL and in an inclined position, with the roof 3 being closed. An inclination of the structure 1 takes place via the two pivot axes A; B, as shown in Fig. 13.
- FIG. 14 the two longitudinal beams 4; 5 telescopic pull-out rails 4a; 5a, as a result of which the folded roof 3 can be moved to an area outside the substructure 2.
- the largest possible opening 3a of the roof 3 for the substructure 2 and a displacement of the flap 2c for unloading is released.
- Shortened scissor kinematics SL can be used on both sides, namely in one
- FIG. 16 shows an alternative arrangement of the shortened scissor kinematics SL corresponding to FIG. 15. Both scissor kinematics SL are located in the longitudinal direction of the lower building 2 above the respective side wall 2d; 2e, whereby increased stability of the structure 1 is achieved.
- FIG. 17 also shows a structure 1 which has telescoping longitudinal members 4a; 5a, whereby the folded roof 3 can be arranged outside the opening 3a of the lower house.
- the superstructure 1 is made stable and robust by means of the SL side wall scissor kinematics and, on the other hand, the possibility is given to move the roof 3 completely outside of the lower house 2, so that loading from above can be carried out without any disturbing elements, e.g. bows.
- the telescoping or extendable longitudinal beams 4a; 5a can be integrated independently of the type of drive of the structure 1 for lifting and lowering.
- telescopic or extendable longitudinal beams 4a; 5a at stanchions 6; 7; 8th; 9 as well as SL scissor kinematics and combinations of the above.
- FIG. 18 shows, corresponding to the above FIG.
- the eccentric lever device 24 comprises a toggle lever joint kinematics, as a result of which the structure 1 can be shifted downwards manually. In this way, high low-voltage forces can be permanently applied to a load L. Furthermore, the eccentric lever device 24 includes an integrated lock, as a result of which the lowered body 1 can be brought into a ready-to-drive position.
- the eccentric lever device 24 is preferably arranged in the four corners of the substructure 2 in order to ensure that the superstructure 1 is lowered evenly and completely in the direction of the substructure 2 .
- eccentric lever device 24 can be integrated into the superstructure body 1a for a substructure 2 independently of the type of drive of the superstructure 1 .
- the eccentric lever device 24 can also serve as an independent raising/lowering device and/or as an independent locking device for the superstructure 1 for compressing a load L.
- FIG. 19 shows a perspective view of a third exemplary embodiment of a raised structure 1 with a structural body 1a for a substructure 2 or a trailer 2.
- the substructure 2 from FIG. 19 essentially corresponds to the substructure 2 from the above exemplary embodiments.
- the body 1 comprises a first longitudinal member 4 and a second longitudinal member 5 which are aligned parallel to one another.
- the longitudinal beams 4; 5 arranged above the substructure 2 in its longitudinal direction.
- Transverse to the longitudinal beams 4; 5 are displaceable bows 14 to the longitudinal beams 4; 5 connected.
- carriage 15; 16 which are each arranged at the end of the bows 14, the bows 14 can along the two longitudinal beams 4;
- a collapsible tarpaulin 13 which is not shown for reasons of clarity, is connected to the bows 14.
- the superstructure 1 has multi-joint kinematics designed as a four-joint arrangement 32 .
- the four-bar linkage assembly 32 is third in this Embodiment at one end with the substructure 2 on its side walls 2d; 2e connected in an articulated manner, and at the other end the four-joint arrangement 32 is connected to the two longitudinal beams 4; 5 articulated.
- the structure 1 comprises at least one spring device 23, each longitudinal member 4; 5 has at least one tension spring, which is connected to the substructure 2.
- the end running part 30 and the opposite bow 14 have a traction cable device 33 with a crank.
- a traction cable device 33 with a crank.
- only one traction cable device 33 is shown in one area of the front wall V of the substructure 2 .
- the traction cable device 33 it is possible to manually shift the superstructure 1 either in a direction towards the rear wall R of the substructure 2 for raising the superstructure 1 or in a direction towards the front wall V of the substructure 2 for lowering the superstructure 1 .
- the four-joint arrangement 32 specifies a defined displacement path of the body 1, both when raising and lowering the body 1.
- the spring device 23 supports a displacement of the body 1 with its tension springs, so that the body 1 and thus compressing a load L is effortless for a user. Furthermore, the spring device 23 supports a raising of the body 1 in that the spring device 23 brakes the body 1 and thus provides a kind of soft-close device. As a result, when the structure 1 is lifted, it is slowed down shortly before reaching an end position and brought into the end position with little noise. Correspondingly, this can also be provided for lowering the superstructure 1 .
- FIG. 20 shows the structure 1 from FIG. 19 for a substructure 2 in a raised position, the roof 3 being folded together and thus releasing an opening 3a, so that the substructure 2 can be loaded with a load L from above.
- a special feature is that the folded roof 3 is located outside of the substructure 2, as a result of which the largest possible opening 3a of the substructure 2 is released for loading with a load L becomes.
- the multi-joint kinematics comprises a plurality of links 34 which are attached at one end to the substructure 2 in an area of the side walls 2d; 2e are articulated, and at the other end to the respective side member 4; 5 are articulated.
- the links 34 have parallelogram link kinematics 34, as a result of which the structure 1 has a defined displacement path when it is raised or lowered.
- a spring device 23 and a pull cable device 33 can also be used in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 shows the structure 1 from FIG. 21 in a horizontal position, with the folded roof 3 being located outside the substructure 2, as a result of which the largest possible opening 3a of the substructure 2 is released for loading with a load L from above.
- FIG. 23 A fourth exemplary embodiment of a body 1 with a body 1a for a substructure 2 or a trailer 2 is shown in FIG. 23 in a perspective view.
- the substructure 2 essentially corresponds to the above embodiments.
- the assembly 1 essentially comprises an embodiment shown, inter alia, in Figure 19 and described above.
- the superstructure 1 is shown in a raised and horizontal position relative to the substructure 2.
- the structure 1 has a multi-articulated lateral kinematics 35 which is articulated at one end in an area of the front wall V and in an area of the rear wall R of the substructure. At the other end, the multi-articulated side kinematics 35 are connected to the longitudinal beams 4; 5 articulated, whereby the structure 1 is connected to the substructure 2 displaceable.
- Fig. 24 shows the fourth embodiment from Fig. 23, wherein the structure 1 is first raised in relation to the substructure 2 via the multi-joint lateral kinematics 35, and is folded down by approximately 90°, so that the side wall 2d and the superstructure 1 are arranged essentially parallel to one another. As a result, an upper opening of the substructure 2 is completely released, so that no disturbing elements impede loading of the substructure 2 with a load L.
- the multi-joint lateral kinematics 35 can be operated manually via a traction cable device 33 , for example, for moving the body 1 , or it can be operated automatically via a lifting drive 10 .
- Fig. 25 the structure 1 is shown schematically in a front view.
- the stanchions 6; 7; 8th; 9 have a stanchion lower part I and a stanchion upper part II.
- the respective lower part I of the stanchion is connected to the substructure 2, the substructure 2 not being shown in FIG. 25 for reasons of clarity.
- the respective stanchion upper part II is on one of the two longitudinal beams 4; 5 each connected via a coupling kinematics 12. Furthermore, each longitudinal member 4; 5 a longitudinal member base part 17 and a longitudinal member guide part 18.
- the longitudinal member base part 17 is connected directly to the respective stanchion drive 11; further, the side member base 17 includes a transverse direction to the side members 4; 5 arranged pin on which the longitudinal beam guide part 18 is connected displaceably via a corresponding eye.
- both longitudinal beams 4; 5 can be moved in the transverse direction, for example to compensate for a change in length.
- the carriages include rollers, which are in the guideways of the longitudinal beams 4; 5 can roll or slide and thus fold the roof 3, among other things, whereby a roof opening 3a for loading the substructure 2 is released.
- the bows 14; 14a in sections a tensile force which is caused by a change in length of the bows 14; 14a is balanced via a telescoping bow shaft 14a.
- the bows 14; 14a can thus be dynamically changed in length by means of an extendable or telescoping element, which advantageously results in tolerance compensation when the structure 1 is displaced, as a result of which the structure 1 is displaced smoothly and quietly.
- FIG. 25 a bow 14' or an extendable bow 14a' is shown in dashed lines in a starting position, which the bow 14'; 14a' in a horizontal arrangement in a horizontal plane 26 of the structure 1 occupies.
- roof elements D can be arranged between the bows 14 with regard to the openable roof 3, as shown in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, which can be folded together like an accordion.
- the roof elements D are connected in an articulated manner to the bows 14, as a result of which, when the roof 3 is closed, they lie flat next to one another in one plane and cover the roof opening 3a. Due to the higher rigidity of the roof elements D compared to a tarpaulin 13, the roof elements D can exert a higher compressive force F on a load L within the substructure 2.
- Fig. 26 shows a perspective schematic view of the openable roof 3 of the superstructure 1, on the one hand partially showing the closed roof 3 with the roof elements D that can be arranged in one plane, and on the other hand the folded open roof 3 with the roof elements D partially raised is.
- One Shifting of the roof elements D usually takes place via rollers or carriages which are connected to the bows 14 and along the two longitudinal beams 4; 5 are relocatable.
- a pull cable device 33 connected to a bow 14 is shown, with which a user can shift the roof 3 with the hingedly connected roof elements D by pulling the pull cable device 33 and thus open the roof 3 depending on a pulling direction of the pull cable device 33 or can close.
- FIG. 27 schematically shows a section of a side view of the longitudinal member 5 from FIG. 26.
- the roof elements D have alternating lifting bars 14b and bows 14. When the roof 3 is open, the lifting beams 14b are shifted upwards and the bows 14 remain connected to the two longitudinal beams 4; 5.
- FIG. 28 a liftable structure 1 with a structure body 1a for a substructure 2 corresponding to FIG. 2 is shown.
- the collapsible roof 3 in an open state, revealing an opening 3a of the substructure 2 comprises bows 14 pointing in a direction downwards towards the loading surface 2b of the substructure 2 .
- the possibility of compressing the load L in the substructure 2 is already provided in an early stage of filling with load L.
- the bows 14 protruding downwards press onto the load L from above, as a result of which it is compressed in the loading space 2a of the substructure 2 .
- the structure 1 can be produced in a space-saving and compact manner, which enables it to be used in a hall or in a barn with a low ceiling.
- Fig. 29 shows schematically the raised structure 1 with the structure body 1a for a substructure 2 in a rear view on the rear wall R.
- the substructure 2 is supported on wheels W.
- the rear wall R with the flap 2c is arranged above the wheels W.
- the flap 2c is as a rectangle with a broken line shown.
- a top edge of the rear wall R is also shown as a broken line, which defines the maximum height of the base 2 .
- the load L which is located inside the substructure 2, clearly protrudes beyond the rear wall R and thus the entire substructure 2.
- the substructure 2 has, for example, a stanchion 7 with a lifting drive 10 or with a stanchion drive 11 on the left-hand side wall 2d.
- the stanchion 7 comprises a stanchion lower part I and a stanchion upper part II.
- the stanchion lower part I is used for connection to the substructure 2 and the stanchion 7 is connected to the longitudinal beam 5 by means of a coupling kinematics 12 via the stanchion upper part II.
- the right-hand side wall 2e of the substructure 2 includes, for example, a scissor mechanism SL, which is connected to the longitudinal member 4 at its upper end.
- both longitudinal beams 4; 5 is shifted via the stanchion drive 11 and via the scissor kinematics SL in a downward direction onto the substructure 2 until a certain height of the roof 3 or the superstructure 1 is reached, which is sufficient for the substructure 2 to be ready to drive.
- the compression of the load L can also be carried out in several partial steps, so that a void portion of the load L is reduced to the greatest possible extent.
- the invention works as follows:
- the roof 3 of the superstructure 1 is opened in order to make access or an opening 3a to the loading space 2a of the substructure 2 accessible.
- a load L which has a low density and a high proportion of hollow spaces.
- a load L is a bulk material, such as hay or straw.
- the superstructure 1 is raised, for example, by means of the stanchions 6, 7, 8 and 9 via the respective stanchion drive 11.
- the roof 3 is then closed and lowered onto the cargo L, so that the cargo L is compressed into the cargo space 2a. This process can be repeated several times until the load L has a reduced proportion of voids and is compressed as densely as possible.
- the invention has been described above on the basis of exemplary embodiments in which, before the roof is closed, the superstructure body is raised so that the roof can be closed despite the load protruding upwards. It goes without saying that if the load does not protrude upwards, it is not necessary to lift the superstructure in order to close the roof, so that after loading from above the substructure, for example a semi-trailer, is immediately ready to leave when the roof is closed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022105102 | 2022-03-03 | ||
| PCT/DE2023/100164 WO2023165657A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 | 2023-03-01 | Aufbau für einen unterbau |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4486587A1 true EP4486587A1 (de) | 2025-01-08 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23710963.2A Pending EP4486587A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 | 2023-03-01 | Aufbau für einen unterbau |
Country Status (5)
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250162490A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4486587A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118715128A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2023229001A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023165657A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1963042A1 (de) | 1969-12-16 | 1971-06-24 | Jakobsen Erhard Vagn | Wagenkasten fuer Fahrzeuge zum Transport leichter,zusammenpressbarer Materialien |
| DE19637907C2 (de) | 1996-09-18 | 1999-11-11 | Orthaus Fahrzeugwerk | Elektrohydraulische Dachliftanlage |
| US6196604B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2001-03-06 | California Cedar Products | Expandable, removable trailer enclosure support |
| DE20215675U1 (de) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-01-02 | Fahrzeugwerk Bernard Krone GmbH, 49757 Werlte | Nutzfahrzeug mit längs verschiebbarem Hubdach |
| DE202006014519U1 (de) * | 2006-02-10 | 2006-12-07 | Schwarz, Egon | Lkw mit vertikal verstellbarem Dach |
| NL2007798C2 (nl) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-21 | Eck Beesd B V Van | Voertuig voor transport van samengeperste lading, en werkwijze van beladen en ontladen. |
| DE102013201000A1 (de) | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Faltplatte und Spriegel für eine Schiebeverdeckstruktur eines Lastwagens |
| DE202013005936U1 (de) | 2013-07-02 | 2013-08-07 | Torsten Hundertmark | Ladungssicherungssytem für Ballenwagen |
| DE102014111765A1 (de) | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-18 | F. Hesterberg & Söhne Gmbh & Co. Kg | Eckrunge zum Abstützen des Dachaufbaus eines Nutzfahrzeuges |
| DE202016004557U1 (de) | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-20 | Johann Demmler Kg | Ladungssicherungs-Abdeckvorrichtung für landwirtschaftliche Transportwagen |
| DE202018104780U1 (de) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-31 | European Trailer Systems Gmbh | Öffnungsfähiger Aufbau für einen Unterbau |
-
2023
- 2023-03-01 CN CN202380024998.6A patent/CN118715128A/zh active Pending
- 2023-03-01 AU AU2023229001A patent/AU2023229001A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-01 EP EP23710963.2A patent/EP4486587A1/de active Pending
- 2023-03-01 WO PCT/DE2023/100164 patent/WO2023165657A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-01 US US18/841,875 patent/US20250162490A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| CN118715128A (zh) | 2024-09-27 |
| WO2023165657A1 (de) | 2023-09-07 |
| AU2023229001A1 (en) | 2024-10-03 |
| US20250162490A1 (en) | 2025-05-22 |
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