EP4469246A1 - Steuern eines teleroboters - Google Patents
Steuern eines telerobotersInfo
- Publication number
- EP4469246A1 EP4469246A1 EP23701044.2A EP23701044A EP4469246A1 EP 4469246 A1 EP4469246 A1 EP 4469246A1 EP 23701044 A EP23701044 A EP 23701044A EP 4469246 A1 EP4469246 A1 EP 4469246A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- telerobot
- drives
- operating mode
- component
- increase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1628—Program controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1633—Program controls characterised by the control loop compliant, force, torque control, e.g. combined with position control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1679—Program controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1689—Teleoperation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39346—Workspace impedance control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/40—Robotics, robotics mapping to robotics vision
- G05B2219/40184—Compliant teleoperation, operator controls motion, system controls contact, force
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/40—Robotics, robotics mapping to robotics vision
- G05B2219/40194—Force reflective, impedance shaping tele operation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a system for controlling a telerobot and a computer program or computer program product for carrying out the method.
- telerobots are controlled with the aid of an input device which has a movable adjusting means, with adjustments of the adjusting means being converted into drive loads of the drives of the telerobot by means of control technology.
- a possible variant is to detect a displacement of the actuating means, to determine from this a target displacement x d of a robot-fixed reference of the telerobot, for example its TCP, and to control the drives of the telerobot in such a way that drive loads ⁇ of the drives increase in a difference between actual displacement x and target displacement x d of the robot-fixed reference increase to reduce this difference, for example in the simple form with the transposed Jacobian matrix J T the joint velocities and velocities the robot-fixed reference linked together and the stiffness matrix K d .
- the telerobot can be precisely (tele)controlled.
- this can be disadvantageous in the case of environmental contact, for example, in which a (more) flexible behavior is desirable, in particular in order to avoid damage.
- An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to improve the control of a telerobot.
- Claims 9, 10 represent a system or computer program or Computer program product for carrying out a method described here under protection.
- the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments.
- a method for controlling a telerobot using an input device that has a movable actuating means has the steps, preferably repeated several times:
- a first mode of operation is performed if the detected load is within a first range and a second mode of operation is performed if the detected load is within a second range.
- the drives of the telerobot are controlled in the first operating mode in such a way or with the proviso that drive loads of the drives increase with or as a result of an increase in a one-dimensional or multi-dimensional component of the difference between actual and target adjustment to reduce this component of the difference, and controlled in the second mode of operation in such a way or with the proviso that drive loads of the drives also increase at or as a result of the same increase in this component of the difference between the actual and target displacement, by this To reduce component of the difference, but less (strong) increase than in the first mode of operation.
- the telerobot can be switched or controlled more softly in one or more directions or degrees of freedom. In this way, in one embodiment, loads on the robot and/or the environment can advantageously be reduced. Accordingly, the telerobot can In one embodiment, if the corresponding situation is not determined on the basis of the detected load, in particular no environmental contact of the telerobot, it can be switched or controlled more rigidly in terms of control technology. In this way, in one embodiment, it can be advantageously, in particular more precisely, controlled.
- the telerobot has a ((tele)robot) arm with at least three, in particular at least six, in one embodiment at least seven, joints or axes of movement.
- the robot-fixed reference is stationary with respect to a distal end flange of the telerobot (arm), in one embodiment the robot-fixed reference has an end effector or TCP of the telerobot (arm), can in particular be an end effector or TCP of the telerobot (arm). be.
- the actuating means is spatially spaced apart from the telerobot and/or a (robot) controller of the telerobot.
- the input device in particular an input device controller, is signal-connected to the telerobot and/or a (robot) controller of the telerobot, wired in one embodiment, which can increase safety in one embodiment, wireless in another embodiment, which in one embodiment which can increase flexibility and/or reach.
- the adjusting means is movably mounted, in particular via one or more joints, on a base of the input device, wherein in one embodiment a pose x M of the adjusting means relative to the base of the input device and/or a change in pose, in particular speed v M , of the adjusting means is detected relative to the base of the input device, preferably by sensors, as an adjustment of the actuating means.
- an adjustment in the sense of the present invention generally includes a pose and/or a, in particular temporal, pose change, in particular the first and/or higher time derivation of a pose, in one embodiment a speed, can in particular a pose and/or, in particular temporal , pose change, in particular first and/or higher time derivation, in one embodiment speed.
- a pose within the meaning of the present invention has a one-, two- or three-dimensional position and/or a one-, two- or three-dimensional orientation.
- a pose that is always (also) an adjustment compared to an initial or reference pose generally referred to as adjustment.
- the actual adjustment, in particular an actual pose and/or actual speed, of the robot-fixed reference is detected by sensors in one embodiment, in a further development on the basis of detected positions and/or changes in position of joints or drives of the telerobot.
- a load within the meaning of the present invention can have, in particular be, a force in one or more directions and/or a torque, in particular (in each case) in one or more directions, in particular spatial directions.
- an external load acting on the telerobot does not include drive loads of the drives of the telerobot and/or loads that are not induced by its own weight, in particular weight and/or inertial forces or torques resulting therefrom, of the telerobot.
- the external load acting on the telerobot is detected by sensors, in a further development using a single- or multi-axis load sensor, in particular a force and/or torque sensor, on an end effector or flange of the telerobot and/or based on detected data Loads on joints and/or drives of the telerobot, preferably using a mathematical model of the telerobot.
- a single- or multi-axis load sensor in particular a force and/or torque sensor
- Controlling within the meaning of the present invention preferably includes regulating.
- the drives of the telerobot are controlled in the first operating mode in such a way or with the proviso that drive loads of the drives increase with or as a result of an increase in at least one other one- or multi-dimensional component of the difference between the actual and target adjustment, to (also) reduce this other component of the difference, and controlled in the second operating mode in such a way or with the proviso that drive loads of the drives (just) increase with the same increase in this other component of the difference between actual and target adjustment as in the first mode of operation to reduce this other component.
- the telerobot can be switched or controlled in the direction or degrees of freedom of one component of the difference between the actual and target adjustment in terms of control technology in the first operating mode soft(er) or stiff(er) in the second operating mode and in this way, advantageously, loads on the robot and/or the environment are reduced, with the telerobot simultaneously being controlled with equal rigidity in the direction or degrees of freedom of the other component of the difference between the actual and target adjustment in the first and second operating mode and can be advantageously controlled in this way, in particular more precisely.
- the detected external load acting on the telerobot acts in the direction of one component and in a further development not in the direction of the other component, in one embodiment the one and possibly other components are selected or defined accordingly.
- one component of the difference is that component of the difference in the direction of the external load and the other component of the difference is a complementary component of the difference, for example a component perpendicular to the one component, in one embodiment are or become the one and optionally other components selected or defined accordingly.
- the stiffness of a virtual spring in the second operating mode is reduced compared to the first operating mode, in a further development the stiffness of the virtual spring in the second operating mode is reduced compared to the first operating mode, preferably only in the directions of the external load and in a further development not reduced in at least one direction perpendicular thereto.
- a component is understood to mean a proportion in a translational direction and/or a proportion in a rotational direction in a manner customary in the art.
- one component of the difference is a (translational) component of a translational difference between one-, two- or three-dimensional actual and target adjustment, in particular position or displacement, and/or a (rotatory) component of a rotational difference between one-, two- or three-dimensional actual and target adjustment, in particular orientation or rotation.
- the direction of the one component changes with or as a result of (a change in) the direction of the sensed load and/or the direction of the one component coincides with the direction of the sensed load.
- one component of the Difference or the translational part of a component of the difference ⁇ x in one embodiment, the drives of the telerobot are controlled in the first and second operating mode such that drive loads of the drives increase with an increase in ⁇ x in order to reduce this component, but increase less in the second operating mode than in the first operating mode.
- the drives of the telerobot are controlled in the first and second operating mode in such a way that the drive loads of the drives increase with an increase in ⁇ y in the second operating mode as in the first operating mode in order to reduce this component.
- This can be implemented or realized in particular by a corresponding reduction in the stiffness of a virtual spring (only) in the x-direction. This applies analogously to a rotary component or a rotary part of a component.
- the telerobots can be controlled in the direction of the external load acting on the telerobot, in particular a contact load acting on the telerobot from the environment as a result of environmental contact of the telerobot, soft(er) in the first operating mode or stiff(er) in the second operating mode ) is switched or controlled and in this way advantageously loads on the robot and/or the environment are reduced, with the telerobot simultaneously being controlled in the other or non-contact directions or degrees of freedom in the first and second operating mode in the same way ( stiff) controlled and in this way advantageously, in particular more precisely (r), can be controlled.
- a reduced rigidity in a direction perpendicular to a direction of the external load and thus a reduced precision are also deliberately accepted in order to realize a simple(r) and/or quicker(er) implementation in an embodiment and/or to react more flexibly to environmental contact.
- the detected load is in the first range if it falls below a lower limit, and/or the detected load is in the second range if it exceeds an upper limit, which in one embodiment is equal to the lower limit, in another further development is greater than the lower limit value, in one embodiment the first or second range is or are selected or defined accordingly or the first or second operating mode is carried out accordingly.
- a contact can advantageously be established, in particular simply, precisely and/or reliably, and a hysteresis can be provided if necessary.
- the drives are controlled in the first and second operating mode on the basis of a virtual spring between an actual and a target pose of the robot-fixed reference, with a stiffness of this virtual spring in at least one direction, in a further development also or only in direction the sensed external load, is reduced in the second mode of operation compared to the first mode of operation.
- the reduction in the increase in the drive loads of the drives in the second operating mode compared to the first operating mode can be implemented or realized particularly advantageously, in particular simply, robustly and/or adapted to the situation.
- the drives are controlled in the first and second operating mode based on a mathematical model of the telerobot and/or based on a virtual damper between an actual and a target pose change of the robot-fixed reference.
- the mathematical model and the corresponding proportions of the driving forces compensate for the dynamics and the weight of the telerobot, and the virtual damper reduces vibrations.
- the control of the telerobot can be (further) improved, in particular the telerobot can be operated or controlled more simply, more precisely, more reliably and/or more safely.
- the drives are controlled with the aid of an impedance control, in a further development a Cartesian impedance control, and/or passivity control, in a further development passivity control in the time domain.
- the (Cartesian) impedance control allows the telerobot to be operated or controlled in a particularly simple, precise, reliable and/or safe manner.
- the telerobot can be operated or controlled in a particularly simple, precise, reliable and/or safe manner through the passiveness control, in particular the passiveness control in the time domain ("time domain passiveness approach").
- time domain passiveness approach the passiveness control in the time domain.
- a system for controlling a telerobot with the aid of an input device that has a movable actuating means, in particular hardware and/or software, in particular programming is set up to carry out a method described here and/or has:
- Means for controlling drives of the telerobot on the basis of a difference between a detected actual displacement of the robot-fixed reference and the determined target displacement which has:
- the means for carrying out a first operating mode has means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the first operating mode in such a way that the drive loads of the drives increase when there is an increase in a one-dimensional or multi-dimensional component of the difference between the actual and target adjustment by this component to reduce; and the means for carrying out a second operating mode has means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the second operating mode in such a way that the drive loads of the drives also increase with the same increase in this component of the difference between the actual and target displacement, in order to reduce this component, however, increase less than in the first mode of operation.
- system or its means(s) has:
- the means for carrying out a first operating mode has means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the first operating mode in such a way that the drive loads of the drives increase in at least one other one-dimensional or multi-dimensional component of the difference between the actual and target adjustment increase to reduce this other component; and the means for performing a second operating mode has means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the second operating mode such that in the second operating mode the drives of the telerobot are controlled such that drive loads of the drives with the same increase in this other component of the difference between Actual and desired displacement increase as in the first mode of operation to reduce this other component.
- the means for carrying out a first operating mode and the means for carrying out a second operating mode have means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the first and second operating mode, respectively, in such a way that the drives in the first and second operating mode are based on a virtual spring be controlled between an actual and a target pose of the robot-fixed reference, wherein a stiffness of this virtual spring is reduced in at least one direction, in particular also or only in the direction of the detected external load, in the second operating mode compared to the first operating mode.
- the means for carrying out a first operating mode and the means for carrying out a second operating mode have means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the first or second operating mode on the basis of a mathematical model of the telerobot and/or also on the basis of a virtual one Dampener between an actual and a target pose change of the robot-fixed reference.
- the means for carrying out a first operating mode and the means for carrying out a second operating mode have means for controlling the drives of the telerobot in the first or second operating mode using an impedance and/or passivity control, in particular a Cartesian impedance control and/or Passivity rule in the time domain.
- a system and/or a means within the meaning of the present invention can be designed in terms of hardware and/or software, in particular at least one, in particular digital, processing unit, in particular microprocessor unit ( CPU), graphics card (GPU) or the like, and / or have one or more programs or program modules.
- the processing unit can be designed to process commands that are implemented as a program stored in a memory system, to acquire input signals from a data bus and/or to output output signals to a data bus.
- a storage system can have one or more, in particular different, storage media, in particular optical, magnetic, solid-state and/or other non-volatile media.
- a computer program product can have, in particular, be a, in particular, computer-readable and/or non-volatile storage medium for storing a program or instructions or with a program or with instructions stored thereon.
- this program or these instructions are executed by a system or a controller, in particular a computer or a Arrangement of several computers, the system or the controller, in particular the computer or computers, to carry out a method described here or one or more of its steps, or the program or the instructions are set up for this purpose.
- one or more, in particular all, steps of the method are carried out fully or partially automatically, in particular by the system or its means.
- the system includes the telerobot.
- FIG. 1 shows a system for controlling a tele-robot using an input device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows a method for controlling the telerobot using the input device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 1, 2 show a system and method according to an embodiment of the present invention for controlling a telerobot (arm) 1 using an input device, which has a base 2.1, an actuating means 3 movable relative to the base 2.1, and an input device controller 2.2 a robot controller 4, which communicates wirelessly or by wire with the input device controller 2.2.
- the input device controller 2.2 can be integrated into the base 2.1.
- a step S10 an adjustment of the adjusting means 3 is detected, for example its speed with the aid of and in relation to or relative to the base 2.1 measured.
- step S10 an external force F ext acting on the telerobot is recorded, for example with the aid of a force-torque sensor 6 or also on the basis detected loads on joints and / or drives 1.1 - 1.6 of the telerobot, preferably using a mathematical model of the telerobot.
- a target displacement x d of a robot-fixed reference 5 is determined.
- adjustments of the adjusting means can also be mapped to target adjustments of the robot-fixed reference differently than identically, for example scaled, in preferred directions or the like.
- step S20 an actual adjustment x of the robot-fixed reference 5 is also recorded, for example on the basis of the positions of the joints or drives 1.1-1.6 and forward kinematics of the telerobot.
- a step S30 the direction u fe of the detected external force F ext acting on the telerobot, preferably in the general form
- a rotation matrix 0 R f determined which is a rotation about an axis u, which is oriented perpendicular to the unit vector of the z-axis and perpendicular to the illegal direction -u fe , around the angle conveyed, and the Cartesian errors rotated with this rotation matrix in a coordinate system aligned with the external force, preferably in the general form
- the value of the element k becomes 3.3 of the stiffness matrix determined for the time or sample step n as follows: with the constant, predetermined values k high > k low and F high > F low .
- the specified values of the elements k 1,1 , k 2 2 of the stiffness matrix remain constant.
- Working space based on a virtual damper between an actual and a desired pose change of the robot-fixed reference, preferably in the general form with the damping matrix D d , and using a Cartesian impedance control, preferably in the general form determined and the drives on the basis, in particular for achieving or exercising, controlled this target drive loads, which for simplification can be chosen.
- a first operating mode is carried out in which the drives of the telerobot 1 are controlled in such a way that the drive loads of the drives increase in a Increase the difference between the actual and target adjustment in order to reduce this difference.
- a second operating mode is carried out in which the drives of the telerobot 1 are also controlled in such a way that drive loads of the drives increase in a difference between the actual and Increase command displacement to reduce this difference.
- the stiffness of a virtual spring in the component that corresponds to the external force F ext is reduced compared to the first operating mode, so that the drive loads of the drives increase less with the same increase in this component of the difference between the actual and target adjustment than in the first mode of operation.
- the stiffness matrix remains constant in the other, complementary component of the difference, so that the drive loads of the drives in the first and second operating modes increase here at the same time. It can also be seen that a hysteresis is provided between switching between the two values k high , k low .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022200943.6A DE102022200943B3 (de) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Steuern eines Teleroboters |
| PCT/EP2023/050938 WO2023143953A1 (de) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-17 | Steuern eines teleroboters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4469246A1 true EP4469246A1 (de) | 2024-12-04 |
Family
ID=85018129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23701044.2A Pending EP4469246A1 (de) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-17 | Steuern eines teleroboters |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250100136A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4469246A1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20240141770A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118613355A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022200943B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023143953A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10226853B3 (de) | 2002-06-15 | 2004-02-19 | Kuka Roboter Gmbh | Verfahren zum Begrenzen der Krafteinwirkung eines Roboterteils |
| EP2322071A4 (de) * | 2008-08-08 | 2012-01-18 | Panasonic Corp | Steuervorrichtung und steuerverfahren für einen reiniger, reiniger, steuerprogramm für den reiniger und integrierter elektronischer schaltkreis |
| DE102008041867B4 (de) | 2008-09-08 | 2015-09-10 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Medizinischer Arbeitsplatz und Bedienvorrichtung zum manuellen Bewegen eines Roboterarms |
| JP5966372B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-17 | 2016-08-10 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | ロボット制御装置、ロボットシステム、ロボット制御方法及びロボット |
| DE102016014989B4 (de) | 2016-12-15 | 2019-02-14 | Kuka Roboter Gmbh | Kollisionsüberwachung eines Roboters |
| DE102019108390B3 (de) | 2019-04-01 | 2020-08-06 | Franka Emika Gmbh | Vorgeben von sicheren Geschwindigkeiten für einen Robotermanipulator |
| DE102019118897B3 (de) | 2019-07-12 | 2020-10-29 | Franka Emika Gmbh | Kollisionsdetektion für einen Robotermanipulator |
| DE102020107612B3 (de) | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-16 | Franka Emika Gmbh | Adaptive Eingabevorrichtung |
| GB2593739B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2024-09-18 | Cmr Surgical Ltd | Control system of a surgical robot |
-
2022
- 2022-01-28 DE DE102022200943.6A patent/DE102022200943B3/de active Active
-
2023
- 2023-01-17 KR KR1020247027517A patent/KR20240141770A/ko active Pending
- 2023-01-17 WO PCT/EP2023/050938 patent/WO2023143953A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-01-17 EP EP23701044.2A patent/EP4469246A1/de active Pending
- 2023-01-17 CN CN202380018998.5A patent/CN118613355A/zh active Pending
- 2023-01-17 US US18/730,573 patent/US20250100136A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118613355A (zh) | 2024-09-06 |
| DE102022200943B3 (de) | 2023-05-11 |
| US20250100136A1 (en) | 2025-03-27 |
| KR20240141770A (ko) | 2024-09-27 |
| WO2023143953A1 (de) | 2023-08-03 |
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