EP4457461B1 - Anlage mit vormischbrenner - Google Patents

Anlage mit vormischbrenner

Info

Publication number
EP4457461B1
EP4457461B1 EP22844167.1A EP22844167A EP4457461B1 EP 4457461 B1 EP4457461 B1 EP 4457461B1 EP 22844167 A EP22844167 A EP 22844167A EP 4457461 B1 EP4457461 B1 EP 4457461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
linear
central axis
oxidant
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22844167.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4457461A1 (de
EP4457461C0 (de
Inventor
Axel ANTON
Fouad SAID
Pascal LAROCHE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Fives Pillard SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fives Pillard SA filed Critical Fives Pillard SA
Publication of EP4457461A1 publication Critical patent/EP4457461A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4457461C0 publication Critical patent/EP4457461C0/de
Publication of EP4457461B1 publication Critical patent/EP4457461B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of burners arranged in combustion chambers with low nitrogen oxide emissions.
  • the firebox In these combustion chambers where the volume is restricted, the firebox, the site of combustion, has reduced dimensions and its volumetric load is therefore particularly high.
  • flue gas recirculation systems To reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, manufacturers have implemented flue gas recirculation systems. These systems recycle a portion of the flue gases to deplete the oxidizer of oxygen, thereby reducing nitrogen oxide production.
  • the flue gas recirculation function leads to increased energy consumption, as the ventilation system is energy-intensive and consumes electricity. Furthermore, the combustion reaction is affected by the recirculated flue gases, thus reducing the system's efficiency.
  • an installation comprising a burner as previously described and a combustion chamber delimited laterally by a wall, this wall including an opening through which the burner is able to be inserted into said combustion chamber, an installation in which a longitudinal end of the peripheral shell located in the combustion chamber is arranged at a first insertion length K1 measured from the opening and along the longitudinal central axis.
  • FIG.1 is a cross-sectional view of an installation and a burner according to the invention.
  • FIG.1 On the [ Fig.1 [ is represented an installation 1 comprising a burner 2 and a combustion chamber 3.
  • Burner 2 is a premix type. This means that the oxidizer and fuel are mixed inside burner 2. Burner 2 is therefore configured to be supplied with both oxidizer and fuel. Burner 2 is suitable and is inserted into combustion chamber 3.
  • the central ferrule 4 is arranged within the peripheral ferrule 5 to form an annular space 6 between them.
  • the burner 2 includes at least one fuel injection and at least one oxidizer injection into the annular space 6. Thus, premixing of the fuel and oxidizer is carried out in the annular space 6.
  • the peripheral ferrule 5 has a second inclined portion 8.
  • the second inclined portion 8 defines a peripheral angle ⁇ with a central longitudinal axis C of the burner 2.
  • the central ferrule 4 has a first inclined portion 7.
  • This first inclined portion 7 defines a central angle ⁇ with the central longitudinal axis C.
  • the central angle ⁇ has a value between 0° and ⁇ °.
  • the first inclined portion 7 and the second inclined portion 8 together define a convergent zone 26.
  • This convergent zone 26 allows the fuel and oxidizer mixture to be oriented towards the central longitudinal axis C.
  • This burner 2 particularly due to the peripheral and central angles ⁇ , ⁇ defining the convergent zone 26, makes it possible to reduce the production of nitrogen oxides.
  • peripheral and central angles ⁇ and ⁇ are measured according to the counterclockwise or trigonometric direction.
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are measured according to the counterclockwise or trigonometric direction.
  • the peripheral angle ⁇ is between 30° and 70°.
  • the applicant has determined that a peripheral angle ⁇ within this range makes it possible to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions without the use of a recirculation system.
  • the central ferrule 4 comprises a first linear portion 9.
  • the first linear portion 9 is substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis C and is located upstream of the first portion 7 inclined in the direction of oxidizer movement.
  • the direction of movement of the oxidizer is represented by an arrow F on the [ Fig.1 ].
  • the peripheral ferrule 5 is provided with a second linear portion 10.
  • This second linear portion 10 is substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis C and is located upstream of the second portion 8, which is inclined in the direction of oxidizer flow.
  • the second linear portion 10 of the peripheral ferrule 5 is located opposite the first linear portion 9 of the central ferrule 4.
  • the annular space 6 thus includes a linear premixing zone 11.
  • the linear premixing zone 11 is delimited transversely, that is to say in a direction perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis C, by the first linear portion 9 on one side, and by the second linear portion 10 on the other.
  • the linear premixing zone 11 is defined by a linear length H measured along the central longitudinal axis C and by a spacing e measured between the first linear portion 9 and the second linear portion 10 in a transverse direction perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis C.
  • the spacing e is therefore measured between the peripheral ferrule 5 and the central ferrule 4.
  • the spacing e is constant along the linear length H.
  • the linear premix zone 11 is delimited longitudinally, that is, along the central longitudinal axis C, by a proximal end 12 and a distal end 13.
  • the proximal end 12 is located on the side of the convergent zone 26; that is, the proximal end 12 is the one closest to the convergent zone 26.
  • the distal end 13 is opposite the proximal end 12 and is therefore further from the convergent zone 26.
  • the linear premixing zone 11 arranged in this way, allows for a high-quality premix. This reduces the production of nitrogen oxides.
  • the linear length H is defined so that it is at least equal to three times the spacing e.
  • the applicant has thus determined that such a linear length H makes it possible to obtain a sufficiently homogeneous premix, thereby reducing the production of nitrogen oxides by burner 2.
  • the burner 2 includes a fuel injection system 14.
  • the fuel injection system 14 is arranged to inject fuel into the linear premix zone 11.
  • the fuel injection system 14 is located at a fuel injection distance V measured from the distal end 13 along the longitudinal central axis.
  • the distance V is at least equal to 0.5e.
  • the oxidant flow between the distal end 13 and the fuel injection system 14 has time to stabilize, which subsequently improves the quality of the premix and reduces the production of nitrogen oxides.
  • the linear premixing zone 11 is fluidically connected to an oxidizer supply sleeve 27.
  • the annular space 6 is thus supplied with oxidizer, in this case air, which can be mixed with a fuel, in this case hydrocarbon gas.
  • the central ferrule 4 includes a first annular end portion.
  • the first end portion 15 is arranged downstream of the first inclined portion 7, in the direction of oxidizer flow.
  • the first end portion 15 defines a first end diameter D1.
  • the peripheral ferrule 5 includes a second annular end portion 16. This second end portion 16 is arranged downstream of the second inclined portion 8, in the direction of oxidizer flow. This second end portion 16 defines a second end diameter D2.
  • first end diameter D1 is measured from an external face of the central ferrule and that the second end diameter D2 is measured from an internal face of the peripheral ferrule.
  • the first end portion 15 and the second end portion 16 are substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis. Together, the first end portion 15 and the second end portion 16 form an end conduit 17.
  • This end conduit 17 allows a portion of the fuel-oxidizer mixture to be ejected from the burner 2 in a direction substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis C. This results in a stable flame while reducing the production of nitrogen oxides.
  • the first end portion 15 has a first end length L1.
  • the second end portion 16 has a second end length L2.
  • the end lengths L1 and L2 are measured along the central longitudinal axis C.
  • the first end length L1 is less than or equal to the second end length L2. This provides a good compromise between flame stability and low nitrogen oxide production.
  • the central shell 4 includes fuel supply tubes 24 opening onto a central end 25 and capable of injecting fuel through this central end 25.
  • installation 1 includes a combustion chamber 3.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is laterally delimited by a wall 18.
  • the wall 18 includes an opening 19 through which the burner 2 can be inserted into the combustion chamber 3.
  • a longitudinal end 20 of the peripheral ferrule 5 is located within the combustion chamber 3.
  • the longitudinal end 20 is arranged at a first insertion length K1 measured from the opening 19 and along the central longitudinal axis C.
  • the burner 2 includes fuel injection devices 21.
  • the fuel injection devices 21 are arranged in the peripheral ferrule 5.
  • the fuel injection devices 21 are capable of injecting fuel through an injection end 22.
  • the longitudinal end 20 and the injection end 22 are separated by a distance N offset between 0 and the first insertion length K1.
  • This offset length N is measured along the central longitudinal axis C, and the injection end 22 is positioned upstream of the longitudinal end 20 in the direction of oxidizer flow. This delays fuel ignition and thus allows for flue gas recirculation, reducing nitrogen oxide production.
  • the fuel injection devices 21 are arranged in an annular fashion within the peripheral shell 5.
  • a distance U is defined as the length separating two opposing fuel injection devices 21, positioned at a center G of the burner 2.
  • the fuel injection devices 21 have an injection diameter D3.
  • the distance U lies between D2 + D3 and an equivalent diameter Df of the wall 18 of the combustion chamber 3.
  • the equivalent diameter is a mathematical concept that allows any shape to be characterized in the form of a circle, and therefore as a diameter of the circle.
  • Such a distance U allows for low nitrogen oxide production.
  • the distance U is close to the value of the equivalent diameter Df, the nitrogen oxide emissions are particularly low.
  • the peripheral shell 5 includes an annular recess 23.
  • the annular recess 23 has housings into which a fuel injection device 21 is inserted.
  • the peripheral shell 5 advantageously has an outer diameter D4 greater than the diameter of said peripheral shell 5 in the linear premixing zone 11. This allows the fuel injection devices 21 to be offset away from the central longitudinal axis C, thus enabling their cooling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Brenner (2) mit Vormischung, der dazu bestimmt ist, in einer Brennkammer (3) montiert zu werden, wobei der Brenner (2) konfiguriert ist, um mit Oxidationsmittel und Brennstoff versorgt zu werden, wobei dieser Brenner umfasst:
    - einen zentralen ringförmigen Mantel (4), und
    - einen ringförmigen peripheren Mantel (5), wobei der zentrale Mantel (4) in dem peripheren Mantel (5) angeordnet ist, so dass ein ringförmiger Raum (6) zwischen dem zentralen und peripheren Mantel (4, 5) gebildet wird,
    den Brenner (2), umfassend mindestens eine Brennstoffeinspritzung und mindestens eine Oxidationsmitteleinspritzung in den ringförmigen Raum (6), um den Brennstoff und das Oxidationsmittel in dem ringförmigen Raum (6) vorzumischen, Brenner (2), wobei:
    - der periphere Mantel (5) einen zweiten geneigten Abschnitt (8) aufweist, der einen peripheren Winkel α mit einer zentralen Längsachse (C) des Brenners (2) definiert, und
    - der zentrale Mantel (4) einen ersten geneigten Abschnitt (7) aufweist, der einen zentralen Winkel β mit der zentralen Längsachse (C) definiert, wobei der zentrale Winkel β zwischen 0° und α° liegt und einen ersten linearen Abschnitt (9) aufweist, der im Wesentlichen parallel zur zentralen Längsachse (C) ist und stromaufwärtig des ersten geneigten Abschnitts (7) gemäß der Bewegungsrichtung des Oxidationsmittels angeordnet ist,
    - der periphere Mantel (5) einen zweiten linearen Abschnitt (10) aufweist, der im Wesentlichen parallel zur zentralen Längsachse (C) ist und stromaufwärtig des zweiten geneigten Abschnitts (8) angeordnet ist, wobei der zweite lineare Abschnitt (10) in Bezug auf den ersten linearen Abschnitt (9) angeordnet ist, Brenner (2), wobei der erste geneigte Abschnitt (7) und der zweite geneigte Abschnitt (8) eine konvergente Zone (26) definieren, so dass der Brennstoff und das Oxidationsmittel in Richtung der zentralen Längsachse (C) ausgerichtet sind, und wobei der ringförmige Raum (6) eine lineare Vormischzone (11) aufweist, die transversal durch den ersten linearen Abschnitt (9) und den zweiten linearen Abschnitt (9) begrenzt ist, wobei die lineare Vormischzone (11) eine lineare Länge H aufweist, die entlang der zentralen Längsachse (C) gemessen wird, und einen Abstand e, der zwischen dem ersten linearen Abschnitt (9) des zentralen Mantels (4) und dem zweiten linearen Abschnitt (10) des peripheren Mantels (5) in einer zur zentralen Längsachse (C) senkrechten Richtung gemessen wird, wobei der Abstand e entlang der linearen Länge H konstant ist, wobei die lineare Vormischzone (11) longitudinal durch ein proximales Ende (12), das auf der Seite der konvergenten Zone (26) angeordnet ist, und durch ein distales Ende (13), das dem proximalen Ende (12) entlang der zentralen Längsachse (C) gegenüberliegt, begrenzt ist, und wobei die lineare Länge H mindestens gleich 3e ist.
  2. Brenner (2) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Winkel α und β gegen den Uhrzeigersinn gemessen werden.
  3. Brenner (2) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Peripheriewinkel α zwischen 30° und 70° liegt.
  4. Brenner (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei dieser ein Brennstoffeinspritzsystem (14) umfasst, das in der linearen Vormischzone (11) in einem Brennstoffeinspritzabstand V angeordnet ist, der vom distalen Ende (13) gemessen wird, wobei der Brennstoffeinspritzabstand V mindestens gleich 0,5e beträgt.
  5. Brenner (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die lineare Vormischzone (11) fluidisch mit einer Oxidationsmittelzufuhr verbunden ist.
  6. Brenner (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei der zentrale Mantel (4) einen ersten ringförmigen Endabschnitt (15) umfasst, der einen ersten Enddurchmesser D1 definiert und stromabwärtig des ersten geneigten Abschnitts (7) gemäß der Bewegungsrichtung des Oxidationsmittels angeordnet ist, wobei der periphere Mantel (5) einen zweiten Endabschnitt (16) umfasst, der einen zweiten Enddurchmesser D2 definiert und stromabwärtig des zweiten geneigten Abschnitts (8) gemäß der Bewegungsrichtung des Oxidationsmittels angeordnet ist, Brenner (2), wobei der erste Endabschnitt (15) und der zweite Endabschnitt (16) im Wesentlichen parallel zur zentralen Längsachse (C) des Brenners (2) sind und zusammen einen Endkanal (17) definieren, der geeignet ist, mindestens einen Teil des Gemischs aus Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel aus dem Brenner (2) gemäß einer Richtung auszustoßen, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur zentralen Längsachse (C) ist.
  7. Brenner (2) nach Anspruch 6, wobei der erste Endabschnitt (15) eine erste Endlänge L1 aufweist, die entlang der Längsachse gemessen wird, der zweite Endabschnitt (16) eine zweite Endlänge L2 aufweist, die entlang der zentralen Längsachse (C) gemessen wird, wobei die erste Endlänge L1 kleiner oder gleich der zweiten Endlänge L2 ist.
  8. Anlage (1), umfassend einen Brenner (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 und eine Brennkammer (3), die seitlich durch eine Wand (18) begrenzt ist, wobei diese Wand (18) eine Öffnung (19) umfasst, durch die der Brenner (2) in die Brennkammer (3) eingesetzt werden kann, Anlage (1), wobei ein in der Brennkammer (3) angeordnetes longitudinales Ende (20) des peripheren Mantels (5) in einer ersten Einführlänge K1 angeordnet ist, die von der Öffnung (19) aus und entlang der zentralen Längsachse (C) gemessen wird.
  9. Anlage (1) nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Brenner (2) Vorrichtungen (21) zur Brennstoffeinspritzung umfasst, die in dem peripheren Mantel (5) angeordnet sind, wobei die Vorrichtungen (21) zur Brennstoffeinspritzung geeignet sind, Brennstoff durch ein Einspritzende (22) einzuspritzen, wobei das longitudinale Ende (20) und das Einspritzende (22) voneinander um eine Versatzlänge N zwischen 0 und K1 beabstandet sind und entlang der zentralen Längsachse (C) gemessen werden, wobei das Einspritzende (22) stromaufwärtig des longitudinalen Endes (20) gemäß der Bewegungsrichtung des Oxidationsmittels angeordnet ist.
  10. Anlage (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, wobei zwei Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtungen (21), die durch ein Zentrum (G) des Brenners (2) gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind, um eine Entfernung U voneinander beabstandet sind, wobei die Entfernung U zwischen D2 + D3 und einer Entfernung Df der Wand (18) liegt, die einem äquivalenten Durchmesser der Wand (18) entspricht, und D3 einem Einspritzdurchmesser der Einspritzvorrichtungen entspricht.
EP22844167.1A 2021-12-30 2022-12-23 Anlage mit vormischbrenner Active EP4457461B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2114684A FR3131621B1 (fr) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Installation comprenant un brûleur à prémélange
PCT/EP2022/087820 WO2023126372A1 (fr) 2021-12-30 2022-12-23 Installation comprenant un brûleur à prémélange

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4457461A1 EP4457461A1 (de) 2024-11-06
EP4457461C0 EP4457461C0 (de) 2026-02-18
EP4457461B1 true EP4457461B1 (de) 2026-02-18

Family

ID=80787304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22844167.1A Active EP4457461B1 (de) 2021-12-30 2022-12-23 Anlage mit vormischbrenner

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20250052417A1 (de)
EP (1) EP4457461B1 (de)
KR (1) KR20240133991A (de)
CN (1) CN118475795A (de)
CA (1) CA3237532A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3131621B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2023126372A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3165304A1 (fr) 2024-07-31 2026-02-06 Fives Pillard Installation comprenant un brûleur à prémélange amélioré

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5573391A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-11-12 Gas Research Institute Method for reducing nitrogen oxides
GB0219458D0 (en) * 2002-08-21 2002-09-25 Rolls Royce Plc Fuel injection apparatus
JP6621658B2 (ja) * 2015-12-22 2019-12-18 川崎重工業株式会社 燃料噴射装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4457461A1 (de) 2024-11-06
US20250052417A1 (en) 2025-02-13
FR3131621A1 (fr) 2023-07-07
EP4457461C0 (de) 2026-02-18
WO2023126372A1 (fr) 2023-07-06
CN118475795A (zh) 2024-08-09
CA3237532A1 (fr) 2023-07-06
KR20240133991A (ko) 2024-09-05
FR3131621B1 (fr) 2024-01-19

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