EP4448939A1 - Zündkerze mit masseelektrode in aussparung an gehäusestirnseite - Google Patents
Zündkerze mit masseelektrode in aussparung an gehäusestirnseiteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4448939A1 EP4448939A1 EP22822148.7A EP22822148A EP4448939A1 EP 4448939 A1 EP4448939 A1 EP 4448939A1 EP 22822148 A EP22822148 A EP 22822148A EP 4448939 A1 EP4448939 A1 EP 4448939A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spark plug
- housing
- recess
- ground electrode
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
- H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spark plug according to claim 1.
- the spark plug according to the invention is suitable for use in engines that are subjected to high thermal loads, for example an engine operated with hydrogen.
- Spark plugs are subject to specific thermal loads during engine operation. Traditionally, the spark gap formed by the ground electrode and center electrode is located outside of the spark plug boot. There are many different ground electrode concepts for these spark plugs, in which, for example, the ground electrode is designed as a roof electrode or as a longer side electrode. However, due to the necessary length of the ground electrode, these spark plugs are subject to a high thermal load, which sets the limits for the use of such spark plugs in engines subject to high thermal loads.
- the object of the invention is to provide a spark plug that meets the requirements for a spark plug for use in engines that are subject to high thermal loads, for example an engine operated with hydrogen.
- the housing has a recess on its end face and the ground electrode is arranged in this recess, and that the ground electrode and the center electrode are arranged in such a way that an ignition gap is formed within the housing is.
- the spark plug according to the invention with a longitudinal axis has a housing with a bore along the longitudinal axis of the spark plug and an end face on the combustion chamber side, the housing having a recess on its end face, an insulator arranged inside the housing, a center electrode arranged inside the insulator, and a ground electrode which is arranged in the recess formed on the front side of the housing, the ground electrode and the center electrode being arranged in such a way that an ignition gap is formed within the housing.
- the housing has a recess on its end face and the ground electrode is arranged in this recess and that the ground electrode and the center electrode are arranged such that an ignition gap is formed within the housing.
- This has the advantage that the ground electrode and the ignition gap do not protrude into the combustion chamber.
- the ground electrode and the center electrode can be made shorter, which means that they protrude less far into the combustion chamber and, on the one hand, absorb less heat from the combustion chamber and, on the other hand, the shorter electrodes allow heat to be dissipated from the electrodes via the housing into a cylinder head, in which the spark plug mounted is more effective than a spark plug with longer electrodes.
- the dissipation of heat from the ground electrode into the housing is further improved by the arrangement of the ground electrode in the recess in the front side of the housing.
- the recess is a notch, in particular a rectangular notch. Notches can easily be formed in the combustion chamber end face, for example by stamping or milling.
- the end face of the housing has a wavy contour, with a trough being the recess in which the ground electrode is arranged. Because of the corrugated contour, there are no sharp edges at the transition from the front side of the housing on the combustion chamber side to the recess. These sharp edges could adversely affect the flow of the fuel mixture.
- the depth T extends from a first plane, which is spanned by the combustion chamber-side end of the combustion chamber-side end face of the housing, to a second plane, which is spanned by the deepest point of the recess.
- the first plane and the second plane always extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spark plug.
- the ground electrode lies at the lowest point of the recess, in the second level. This results in the ignition gap being arranged inside the housing.
- This negative spark position makes it possible to make the center electrode and the insulator shorter than usual, so that the center electrode and the insulator do not protrude so far into the combustion chamber and the path for heat dissipation is shorter and heat dissipation is therefore more effective.
- the end face of the housing on the combustion chamber side has two or more recesses, with the ground electrode being arranged in one recess.
- two recesses can be arranged opposite one another on the front face of the housing on the combustion chamber side.
- the ground electrode is in the form of a roof electrode, which makes it possible to control the distance between the electrodes and adjust them if necessary.
- two recesses are arranged at an angle, preferably at an angle of 80°-100°, in particular of 90°, to one another on the front face on the combustion chamber side. This is particularly advantageous if the ground electrode is designed as a side electrode, this makes it possible to control the distance between the electrodes and adjust them if necessary.
- the spark plug can also have a plurality of ground electrodes, with each ground electrode being arranged in a recess.
- each ground electrode being arranged in a recess.
- the ground electrode is embodied on the one hand as a top electrode and forms an axial ignition gap with the center electrode and on the other hand as a side electrode and forms a radial ignition gap with the center electrode.
- the width of the ignition gap is no greater than 0.5 mm, in particular no greater than 0.15 mm.
- the width of the ignition gap is at least 0.05 mm, in particular not less than 0.1 mm. This means that the ignition gap is not too small.
- a very small spark gap poses particular challenges to accuracy in spark plug production.
- a deviation from the alignment of the electrode ignition surfaces that is as parallel as possible has a greater effect with a small ignition gap, such as uneven wear of the ignition surface, than with a larger ignition gap.
- the lower limit for the width of the ignition gap is therefore a good compromise for, on the one hand, a small ignition gap to reduce the ignition voltage requirement and wear and, on the other hand, a reasonable effort for a consistently good quality of alignment of the ignition surfaces to each other during spark plug production.
- the spark plug according to the invention and its further development are a hydrogen spark plug that is set up to be used in a hydrogen-powered engine and to ignite the ignitable hydrogen-containing fuel-air mixture.
- the fuel can contain up to 100% hydrogen, i.e. the fuel can be hydrogen or a hydrogen-gas mixture.
- spark plug according to the invention is not limited to operation with hydrogen.
- the spark plug according to the invention can also be used for natural gas or gasoline internal combustion engines.
- the spark plug according to the invention is optimized for operation with hydrogen. drawing
- FIG. 1 shows the combustion chamber end of a spark plug according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows the end face of the housing on the combustion chamber side with a first example of the first recess
- FIG. 3 shows a top view of the front side of the housing on the combustion chamber side with at least two recesses, which are arranged differently in three examples
- FIG. 4 shows the end face of the housing on the combustion chamber side with a corrugated contour and two opposite recesses as a further example.
- the end of the spark plug 1 according to the invention on the combustion chamber side is shown schematically in FIG.
- the spark plug 1 has a housing 2 , an insulator 3 , a center electrode 4 arranged in the insulator 3 , of which only the end on the combustion chamber side can be seen in FIG. 1 , and a ground electrode 5 .
- the ground electrode 5 is arranged in a recess 28 in the combustion chamber-side end face 27 of the housing 2 .
- the ground electrode 5 is designed as a top electrode for the center electrode.
- An axial ignition gap 54 results.
- the ground electrode 5 could also be designed as a side electrode for the center electrode 4, in which case a radial ignition gap 54 results.
- the recess 28 extends from the combustion chamber-side end face 27 of the housing 2 in the direction of the housing end facing away from the combustion chamber.
- the recess has a depth T, which is measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spark plug 1 starting from the housing end face 27 on the combustion chamber side to the deepest point of the recess 28 .
- the ground electrode 5 rests on the deepest point of the recess 28 .
- the depth T of the recess 28 also influences how far the ignition gap 54 is within the housing 2 .
- further components such as, for example, the center electrode or insulator, are not shown in the further figures. Identical and functionally identical components have the same reference symbols.
- the housing 2 with two recesses 28 and a ground electrode 5 arranged in a recess 28 is shown schematically in FIG.
- the recesses 28 are arranged opposite one another. This makes it possible, for example, to control and set the electrode spacing that forms the ignition gap 54 .
- the two recesses 28 preferably have the same depth T.
- FIG. 3 shows three examples of the arrangement and number of recesses 28 on the front side 27 of the housing 2 on the combustion chamber side as a plan view.
- the housing 2 can be seen with its front side 27 on the combustion chamber side, two or three recesses 28, a ground electrode 5 and a center electrode 4.
- the ground electrode 5 is shown as a side electrode, but can also be designed as a roof electrode.
- the recesses 28a, 28b are arranged opposite one another, as in FIG.
- the angle between the recesses 28a, 28b is approximately 180°.
- two recesses 28a, 28c are formed on the front side 27 of the housing 2 on the combustion chamber side.
- the recesses 28a, 28c are arranged at an angle to one another.
- the angle a enclosed by the recesses 28a, 28c is approximately 90°.
- the ground electrode 5 is arranged in a recess 28a.
- FIG. 3c Three recesses 28a, 28b, 28c are shown in FIG. 3c). Two recesses 28a, 28b are arranged opposite one another and one recess 28c is arranged at an angle to the other two recesses 28a, 28b.
- the ground electrode 5 is arranged in a recess 28a. The electrode gap can be checked and adjusted from two perspectives.
- a second ground electrode can also be arranged in the recess 28b opposite the first ground electrode 5 .
- the electrode spacing for both ground electrodes 5 can be controlled and adjusted by the angled recess 28c.
- the end face 27 on the combustion chamber side has a corrugated contour.
- the wave has two troughs corresponding to the recess 28 .
- the ground electrode 5 is arranged in a trough.
- the wave trough opposite can be used to control and adjust the electrode spacing between the center electrode 4 and the ground electrode 5 .
- the depth T of the recess 28 results from the difference in height between the wave crest and the wave trough.
- More than two recesses 28 can be correspondingly realized in that the corrugation contour has more than two, for example four, corrugation troughs.
- the number of possible wave troughs depends proportionally on the diameter of the housing 2. The larger the diameter, the more wave troughs and recesses 28 can be formed on the front side 27 of the housing 2 on the combustion chamber side.
- the ground electrode 5 is pressed or welded into the recess 28 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021214624.4A DE102021214624A1 (de) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Zündkerze mit Masseelektrode in Aussparung an Gehäusestirnseite |
| PCT/EP2022/083390 WO2023110374A1 (de) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-11-28 | Zündkerze mit Masseelektrode in Aussparung an Gehäusestirnseite |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4448939A1 true EP4448939A1 (de) | 2024-10-23 |
Family
ID=84487742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22822148.7A Pending EP4448939A1 (de) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-11-28 | Zündkerze mit masseelektrode in aussparung an gehäusestirnseite |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250047077A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4448939A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118414480A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021214624A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023110374A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006228522A (ja) * | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-31 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ |
| KR100990206B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-10-29 | 정인태 | 내연기관의 점화플러그 |
| WO2011086651A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ及びその点火プラグの製造方法 |
| US9172217B2 (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2015-10-27 | Woodward, Inc. | Pre-chamber spark plug with tubular electrode and method of manufacturing same |
| DE102017107728A1 (de) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-11 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Vorkammerzündkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| DE102018209970A1 (de) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorkammer-Zündkerze mit symmetrisch angeordneten Masseelektroden an der Gehäuseinnenseite |
| JP6986042B2 (ja) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-12-22 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
| DE102021214150A1 (de) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Zündkerze mit kleinem Zündspalt und planen Zündelementflächen |
-
2021
- 2021-12-17 DE DE102021214624.4A patent/DE102021214624A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-11-28 WO PCT/EP2022/083390 patent/WO2023110374A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-28 US US18/716,179 patent/US20250047077A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-28 CN CN202280083076.8A patent/CN118414480A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-28 EP EP22822148.7A patent/EP4448939A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023110374A1 (de) | 2023-06-22 |
| DE102021214624A1 (de) | 2023-06-22 |
| US20250047077A1 (en) | 2025-02-06 |
| CN118414480A (zh) | 2024-07-30 |
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Legal Events
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